2022年河北省衡水市大学英语6级大学英语六级

2022年河北省衡水市大学英语6级大学英语六级学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.Whatistheadvantageoftheretirementsavings?

A.Governmentwithdrawsalighttaxontheretirementsavings.

B.Employeescangetmoneyastheretirementsavingsfromtheiremployers.

C.Anyonewiththeretirementsavingsisqualifiedfora401Kplan.

D.Morethan50%Americansenjoyfreemoneyintheretirementsavings.

2.

ThedetailsoftheOlympicTorchRelay,suchastherouteorthestops,aredecidedbythe______.

3.

Ifoneattemptstoremembereverythingratherthantorememberselectivelyduringreading,he/shemayhaveacomparativelyslowreadingrate.

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

ThepesticideDDTcanbeeffectiveagainst______.

A.malariaB.wildlifeC.animalsD.humannervoussystem

5.

Withself-learningmechanismsbuiltin,thefuturerobotswillbehave______.

6.

Totackletheproblemofe-wasteatthesourceinsteadofattheendoftheline,weneedtostartworkatthe______ofaproduct'slifecycle.

7.AprilFools'Special:History'sHoaxes

HappyAprilFools'Day.Tomarktheoccasion,NationalGeographicNewshascompiledalistofsomeofthemorememorablehoaxesinrecenthistory.Theyarethelies,darned(可恨的)lies,andwhoppers(弥天大谎)thathavebeenperpetratedonthegullible(易受骗的)andunsuspectingtofulfillthatage-olddesireheldbysometoputthejokeonothers.

InternetHoaxes

TheInternethasgivenbirthtoaproliferation(增殖)ofhoaxes.E-mailinboxesarebombardedonanalmostdailybasiswithmessageswarningofterriblecomputervirusesthatcauseuserstodeletebenign(良性)chunksofdatafromtheirharddrives,orofcreditcardseamsthatenticethenaivetogivealltheirpersonalinformation,includingpasswordsandbankaccountdetails,toidentitythieves.Othere-mailsgiverisetowry(歪曲的)chuckles,whichiswherethislistbegins.

BanDihydrogenMonoxide(一氧化二氢)

CityofficialsinAlisoViejo,California,weresoconcernedaboutthedangersofdihydrogenmonoxidethattheyscheduledavotelastmonthonwhethertobanfoam(泡沫)cupsfromcity-sponsoredeventsaftertheylearnedthechemicalwasusedinfoam-cupproduction.

Officialscalledoffthevoteafterlearningthatdihydrogenmonoxideisthescientifictermforwater.

"It'sembarrassing,"citymanagerDavidJ.NormantoldtheAssociatedPress."Wehadaparalegal(律师助手)whodidbadresearch."

Indeed,theparalegalhadfallenvictimtoanofficial-lookingWebsitetoutingthedangersofdihydrogenmonoxide.Ane-mailoriginallyauthoredin1990byEricLechner,thenagraduatestudentattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz,claimedthatdihydrogenmonoxide"isusedasanindustrialsolventandcoolant,andisusedintheproductionofStyrofoam(聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料)."

Otherdangerspranksters(爱开玩笑的人)associatedwiththechemicalincludedacceleratedcorrosionandrusting,severeburns,anddeathfrominhalation.

Versionsofthee-mailcontinuetocirculatetoday,andseveralWebsites,includingthatoftheCoalitiontoBanDHMO,warn,tongue-in-cheek,ofwater'sdangers.

AlabamaChangesValueofPi

TheApril1998newsletterputoutbyNewMexicansforScienceandReasoncontainsanarticletitled"AlabamaLegislatureLaysSiegetoPi".ItwaspennedbyAprilHolidayoftheAssocimatedPress(sic)andtoldthestoryofhowtheAlabamastatelegislaturevotedtochangetheValueofthemathematicalconstantPifrom3.14159totheroundnumberof3.

Theersatz(假的)newsstorywaswrittenbyLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryphysicistMarkBosloughtoparody(滑稽地模仿)legislativeandschoolboardattacksontheteachingofevolutioninNewMexico.

AtBoslough'ssuggestion,DaveThomas,thepresidentofNewMexicansforScienceandReason,postedthearticleinitsentiretytotheInternetnewsgroupTalk.OriginsonApril1.(Thenewsgrouphostsalivelydebateoncreationvs.evolution.)LaterthateveningThomaspostedafullconfessiontothehoax.Hethoughthehadputallrumorstobed.

ButtoThomas'ssurprise,however,severalnewsgroupreadersforwardedthearticletofriendsandposteditonothernewsgroups.

WhenThomascheckedinonthestoryafewweekslater,hewassurprisedtolearnthatithadspreadlikewildfire.Thetelltalesignsofthearticle'ssatiricalintent,suchastheApril1dateandmisspelled"AssocimatedPress".dateline,hadbeenreplacedordeleted.

Alabamalegislatorswerebombardedwithcallsprotestingthelaw.Thelegislatorsexplainedthatthenewswasahoax.Therewasnotandneverhadbeensuchalaw.

TVandNewspaperHoaxes

BeforetheadventoftheInternet,andeventoday,traditionalmediaoutletssuchasnewspapers,radio,andtelevision,havesometimeshoaxedthei

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Thesealevelriseismainlycausedby______triggeredbyuncheckedgreenhousegasemissions.

9.

ThegeniusmentionedhereissomeonenotonlywithahighIQbutalso______.

A.hasdonesomethingofgreatinfluence

B.startedhis/hercareeratayoungage

C.haseccentricbehavior

D.hasoddappearance

10.

Thegovernments'policestoattractnewresidentsandslowdepopulationprocessmightbecomefutileonce____________.

11.

Themostimportantfactorsnecessarytolowerpopulationgrowthratesinthedevelopingworldare______.

12.

Thepurposeofthisadvertisementis______.

13.

Bothnaturalgasandgasolineareandthusneithercanbeconsideredrenewable.

14.

Accordingtotheauthor,thedevelopmentoflaughterisbasedon______.

15.

Withthedevelopmentofspread-spectrumtechnique,wemayuseBluetoothconnectionasasubstituteforcellphone.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

Whensleddogsgetsufficientcarefromtheowner,theyusually______.

A.fightwithotherdogs

B.aretooheavytorun

C.arefriendlyandgentle

D.developreliabilityontheowner

17.GeoffreyHealholdsthattohavecompaniesrespondingtofinancialincentivesratherthantheirownfeelingsisthe______.

18.

Theculturallypatterned______aredifferentintheUnitedStates,JapanandIndia.

19.Asthebandwidthincreasedto550MHz,thenumberofTVchannelsincreasedby______comparedwiththeearlycablesystems.

A.24B.33C.58D.91

20.

Theprovidersofweb-maillikeGoogle,MicrosoftandYahoo!,havereapedhugeprofitsbyplacingadvertisements.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.【B4】

22.听力原文：W:Idon'tthinkhavingabigpartyisamistake.Ilikebigparties.Ithinkweshouldpaybackourfriendswhohaveinvitedustotheirparties.

M:Butbigpartiesarcsoimpersonal.Ithinkwe'dbetterhaveasmallone.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutparties?

(14)

A.Shethinksbigpartiesaretooimpersonal.

B.Shewouldliketoinvitefriendstoabigparty.

C.Shefeelsshehastospendalotofmoneyinholdingbigparties.

D.Shewouldliketobeinvitedtosmallparties.

23.听力原文：Dangerousoccupationstendtobeexcitingandwellpaid.Theyofteninvolveforeigntravelormeetingfamousandinterestingpeople.Hereisalookatsomeonewholikeshisdangerousoccupationinspiteofthedanger,andatwhyhedoesit.

GilbertMichaelPittsisafreelancecameraman.Hedoesalotofhisworkunderwater.Michaelhasbeendivingsincehewasaboutnineyearsold.Hesaysthathewasonholidaywithhisparentsandafriendhadasnorkel.Hetrieditand"thatwasit—eversinceIfirstputmyheadunderwaterI'vebeenfascinatedbydivining".Lateronhewentonafourmonthcommercialdivingcourse.Hiscommercialdivingcareerincludedunderwaterphotography—stillandvideo(toinspectoilrigs),underwaterburning,plantingexplosivesandconnectingpipelines.

"I'mnotfrightenedorapprehensive,"hesays,"becauseit'samediumI'vebeenworkinginforsuchalongtime.It'ssomethingthatIlove.Iamfrightenedofcertainthings,buttheycertainlydon'tincludedivinginwater.Ithinkit'samatterofexperienceandjustbeingateaseinthatenvironment.'

(33)

A.Heisacommercialdiver.

B.Heisanindependentphotographer.

C.Heisacameramanufacturer.

D.BothAandB

24.

【B4】

25.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：BuildingteamspiritisalwaysthefocalpointofwhatItrytodoasamanager.Theteamspirit'sveryimportant,butIdon'tbelieveintryingtomotivatetheteamasateam.(26)Itrytomotivatethemasindividuals.SoIdon'tgivethemtalks.Ispeaktotheplayersindividually.AndItrynottoputtoomuchpressureonthem.Ibelieveplayersperform.bestwhentheyarerelaxed.Ifthey'retootense,Icanguaranteetheywon'tplaywell.

Ialsobelieveingivingpeopleautonomy.Ilikeallthepeoplewhoworkformetobeautonomous.Iveryrarelyinterfere.Ifeelpeopleshouldbejudgedontheirresults.Iftheyproveincompetent,thenI'mincompetentifIkeeponemployingthem.

It'slikethatwiththeteam.(27)Igetcriticizedfornotinterferingduringagameandmakingmoresubstitutions.ButIfeelifI'vechosenthoseelevenplayerstogetaresult,thenIshouldleavethemalonetogetonwithit.

IfI'mdroppingaplayerfromtheteam,Idon'tfeelIhavetoexplainittothem.Iftheywanttodiscussit,I'llsay"Comebackandtalkaboutitinacoupleofdays'time".ButIdon'ttrytore-motivatethem.It'suptothemtohavethecharactertofightback.(28)I'magreatbelieverthatalmosteverythingyouachieveinlifeisdowntoyourattitude.IfIhaveaplayerwhoismagnificentlygiftedbuthasastinkingattitude,Iwon'twastemytimeonhim.

(27)

A.Becausehebelievesinmotivatinghisteamasindividuals.

B.Becausehewantstokeephisteamunderpressure.

C.Becausehefeelsitawkwardtogivethemtalks.

D.Becausehethinkshisteamshouldhavethecharactertofightback.

26.听力原文：Wecanagreewithprimitivemanthatfoodisabasicneed,butwedifferfromhiminourfoodwantsbecauseofthewidevarietyoffoodwehaveavailablecomparedwithhim;wehaveawiderchoice.Takefruitforexample,notonlycanweenjoythefruitsgrowninhiscentury,butbecauseofmodernmethodsoftransportandfoodpreservation,wecanalsoenjoythemorefruitsfromforeigncountriesthousandsofmilesaway,whereasprimitivemanislimitedinhischoicetothekindsoffruitwhichactuallygrowwherehelives.

Howevertheydifferinsatisfyingtheirhunger,primitiveandcivilizedmenbothexperiencethebasicneedforfood.

Thesameistrueofthesecondofourhumanneed.Clothingisnecessarytoregulatetheheatofourbodies.Sinceweliveinatemperateclimateweneedmoreclothesthanpeoplelivingintropicconditions.Likewise,ourclothingneedstochangewithseasons.

Shelter,thethirdofourneeds,dependsupontheclimate,theskillofthebuilder,one'ssocialposition,andthematerialsavailable.Thesimpleshelterofprimitivemanwouldnotdoforns,andyetitsatisfieshisneeds.Thethree-bedroomsuburbanhouseoftheaveragefamilywouldnotbegrandenoughforarichfamily,andyetthemodernhousecontainsmanyofthematerialcomfortswhichweredeniedtotheKingsandQueensofold.

(33)

A.Foodisnolongerabasicneedforus,whileitwasforprimitivepeople.

B.Weeatawidevarietyoffood.

C.Wenolongereatfruitthatprimitivepeopleeverate.

D.Weeatmorefoodthanprimitivepeopledo.

27.

【B10】

28.(31)

A.Awideselectionofinvestments.

B.Alimitedrangeofstocks.

C.Agroupoflowriskbondsandcash.

D.Avarietyoffunds.

29.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Chinaisdraftingnewlawstomakeiteasierforpeopletodonatetheirorgansinacountrywithlongtransplantwaitinglists,theXinhuaNewsAgencysaidonTuesday.

ThereareabouttwomillionpeopleinChinawhoneedtransplantseachyear,butonlyaround20,000operationsarecarriedoutbecauseofshortages,Xinhuasaid.Chinaearlierthisyearbannedthesaleofhumanorgans,andtheMinistryofHealthnowrequiresthewrittenconsentofdonorsandrestrictsthenumberofhospitalsallowedtoperform.transplantoperations.Theregulationswillstandardizetheorgandonationproceduresandencouragepeopletobecomedonors.

"Manymoredonorsareneeded,buttheyoftenmeetdifficultieswhentheyapply,sotheministrymuststandardizetheapplicationprocessandtechnologyoftransplants,whichiscomplicatedandrisky,"saidministryspokesmanMaoQun'an.

Maowasrespondingtoquestionsaboutreportsofwould-bedonorshavingtheirwishesunrealizedbecauseofconfusionovertheproceduresorwhichagencytoapplyto.Theregulationwouldspecifythewholeapplicationprocessandstipulatetherequirementsformedicalinstitutionsconductingtransplants."Onlythemedicalinstitutionsthatmeetthetechnologicalrequirementscanundertaketransplantsurgery,"saidMao.Foreignmediahavereportedthatorgansaretakenfromexecutedcriminals,buttheMinistryofHealthdeniedthisinApril,sayingmostorgansinChinahadbeenvoluntarilydonatedbyordinarycitizensontheirdeathsandasmallnumberfromexecutedcriminalswhovoluntarilysigneddonationapprovals.

(27)

A.Around2million.

B.Around20,000.

C.Around30,000.

D.Around10,000.

30.听力原文：M:DoyoumindifIaskyouhowoldyouare?

W:Actually,I'drathernotsay.Butputitthisway,I'monthewrongsideof30.

M:Isthata.goodagetobe?

W:Um,yes,prettygood.Butit'salotolderthan25,whichishowoldIfeel.

M:What'slifelikewhenyou'reinyourthirties?

W:Well,notverydifferentfrommytwentiesexceptthatI'mseriouslythinkingofbuyingmoreexpensivefacecreams,andwonderingiftheyreallywork.

M:Whatdoyouthinkisthebestagetobe?

W:Ithinkbetween25and30isagoodage,becauseyou'vesortedoutwhatyouwantandyouknowhowtogetitandyou'vegotsomeexperienceoftryingtogetit.Atthatage,youdon'tthinkabouttheconsequencesofwhatyoudo,whereaswhenyou'reabitolderyoudotendtoworryabouttheconsequences.

M:Sodoyouwishyouwerestill25?

W:No,I'mhappyattheageIamnow.ImeanIhadagoodtimeinmytwenties,butIwouldn'tnecessarilywanttorelivethem.

M:Isee.

(20)

A.Howsheisabletolookyoungerandmoreenergeticthanherage.

B.Whatisthebestageofone'slifeandhowshefeelsaboutherage.

C.Howpeopleintheir20sand30sdifferintheirattitudestowardwhattodowiththeirlives.

D.Whypeoplebuyexpensivefacecreamsandiftheyreallywork.

31.

【B6】

32.(40)

33.听力原文：Ihadjustgonetobedafteraveryharddaywhenthephonerang.Itwasaneccentricfarmer.IhadnevermethimbeforealthoughIhadoftenheardpeopletalkabouthim.HesoundedquitenervousandhehadbeentalkingforaminuteorsobeforeIunderstoodanything.EventhenallIcouldmakeoutwasthatsomeonecalledMillyhadhadaverybadaccident.Ihadn'ttheslightestideawhoshewasbutIobviouslyhadtogo.

IthadbeensnowingheavilythatdayandIdidn'tknowtheway.IhadbeendrivingforatleastanhourwhenIfinallyfoundhisplace.Hewasstandingthere,waitingforme.ItseemedMillyhaddied."Shemeantmoretomethananyoneevenmyownwife!"hesaid.Icouldseethathehadbeencrying.Ithoughtsomethingterriblehadtakenplace,apossiblescandal.Iwasevenmoreshockedwhenhetoldmehehadputherinthebarn."Iwouldn'tleaveheroutinthecold!"hesaid.

Millyhadclearlybeenasecretloverofhis.Iwasabouttotellhimhecouldnotexpectmetocoveranythingupwhenheopenedthebarndoor.HeliftedhiscandleandIsawadarkfigureontheground."Shewassuchagoodcow!Iwouldn'tletanyonebutadoctortouchher!"hesaid,andburstintotearsagain.

Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

33.WhatdoweknowaboutMillyfromthestory?

34.Whatmightthefarmerwishthespeakertodo?

35.Whatisprobablythepersonwhotoldthestory?

(30)

A.Shehadmetwithanaccident.

B.Shehadcausedascandal.

C.Shewasseriouslyill.

D.Shewashiddensomewhere.

34.听力原文：M:Ihaveinvitedourformerforeignteacherstomyhousefordinnertonight.Whydon'tyoucometojoinus?Iamsuretheywillbegladtoseeyou.

W:I'dliketo.PerhapsIwillhavearaincheckbecauseIhavesomevisitorsfromCanadatonight.

Q:Whycannotthewomanaccepttheman'sinvitation?

(17)

A.Sheisgoingtohavesomevisitorstonight.

B.Shedoesnotliketheirformerforeignteachers.

C.Sheisgoingtoseeherforeignteacherstonight.

D.Shehasalreadybeeninvitedtotheman'shouse.

35.(16)

A.Asksomeoneelsetohelpthewoman.

B.Askthewomanfordirections.

C.Showthewomanthemap.

D.Showthewomanwherethedormitoryis.

36.听力原文：W:I'dliketoseethatmovieshowingatthecinema,butonlyifIhavecompany.Areyouinterested?

M:IdoubtthatIcanbetalkedintoit.

Q:Whatwillhappentothespeakers?

(18)

A.Theywillgotothemovietogether.

B.Theywillnotseethemovie.

C.Theywilltalkmoreaboutthemovie.

D.Theywillwatchthemoviesomeothertime.

37.(21)

A.Justsoso.

B.Quitegood.

C.Fewerthanotherjobs.

D.Noneofthemknowthesalary.

38.【B3】

39.(28)

A.In1774.

B.In1765.

C.Intheseventeenthcentury.

D.Inthenineteenthcentury.

40.听力原文：W:Goodmorning.ThisisMsReedinMr.Farnsworth'soffice.I'dliketoconfirmaflightforMr.Farnsworth.It'sflight420toSydneyonApril17that3:20p.m.ThenameisRogerFarnsworth.

M:Certainly,MsReed.Holdonasecond.That'scorrect.Youreservediton10th,didn'tyou?

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

(16)

A.MsReedisgoingtoSydneyonApril17th.

B.Mr.FarnsworthisgoingtoSydneyonflight430.

C.Theflightleavesat3:20p.m.

D.Theyaretalkingattheticketoffice.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Whyweremanylaid-offworkersataloss?

A.Becausetheydidn'tgetusedtothenewwayoflife.

B.Becausetheyaretoooldtofindanewjob.

C.Becausetheydislikebeinglaidoff.

D.Becausetheythinktheylosttheirsocialstatus.

42.

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.WhythereisanincreasedenrollmentinMBAprograms.

B.ThenecessityofreformingMBAprogramsinbusinessschools.

C.DoubtsabouttheworthofholdinganMBAdegree.

D.Adebateheldrecentlyonuniversitycampuses.

43.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

"TheGooglebrandhastakenonalifeofitsown,"concedesJimLanzone,thebossofA,thefourth-largestbutfastest-growingsearchengine,andthissimultaneouslyfrustratesanddelightshim.Itfrustrateshimbemusepeoplesaythey"Google"thingsevenwhentheygotoAskorotherenginestosearchtheweb;bemuseGoogleisconsidered,fornogoodreason(inhisopinion),"thesafechoiceunderpressure";andbemusemanypeople"don'tseemtowantchoice"andsticktoGoogleoutofmereinertia.

Butitdelightshim,becauseGoogle,havingmademanyenemies,mustnowfightmanybattles;andbecauseGoogle,perhapsoutofhubris,appearstobegettingdistracted.Thismonth,forinstance,Googleunveiledafreeonlinespreadsheetprogram,which,likemanyGoogleproducts,haslittletodowithwebsearchandismeanttoneedleMicrosoft,theworld'slargestsoftwarecompany,whichhasanear-monopolyonspreadsheetsthroughExcel.Google,inotherwords,hasimpressivemomentum,saysMr.Lanzone,butagoodmartial-artistcanusehisopponent'smomentumtoovercomehim,so"we'reusingsearchaikido."

Yahoo!,thelargestinternetportalwithabout400musers(ofitse-mail,instant-messaging,musicandotherproducts),hascomeupwithastrategytodifferentiateitsownsearchengine.Yahoo!hasbeenatthisgameforonlytwoyears,butnowhashundredsofengineersworkingonit.Incontrasttothequasi-religiousfaiththatGoogleplacesinitsmathematicalalgorithms,saysEckartWalther,oneofYahoo!'ssearchbosses,Yahoo!is"aboutcombiningthebestofpeoplewiththebestoftechnology".

Askistakingadifferenttack.IthascomeupwithExpertRank,analgorithmthatalsorankswebpagesbyincominglinksandlinksbytheme.Soinsteadofusingawebpage'soverallpopularitytocalculateitsranking,itfindsthepagesthataremostpopularamongexpertsonaparticularsubject,amethodthatoftenreturnsbetterresultsthanGoogle's.Askalsousesthesethematicclusterstosuggestthebestwaystonarroworexpandasearch,afeaturecalled"zoom"thatisverypopular.ChrisShermanofSearchEngineWatchthinksthatAskisasgoodasGoogleforgeneralwebsearch—butbetterthanGenieforfindingonlinemapsandimages.

AsforMicrosoft,ithasidentifiedGoogleasamortalthreattoitsbusinessandhaslaunchedanall-outefforttocatchupinonlineservicesingeneral,andinsearchinparticular.Lastwinter,ittriedtobuyitselfmarketsharebynegotiatingwithAOLforamerger—oratleastanagreementunderwhichAOLwouldswitchfromGoogle'ssearchtechnologytoMSN's;butGooglepre-emptedMicrosoftanditselftookadefensivestakeinAOL.Microsofthasalsohiredformerrivalswhoarewellrespectedintheindustry.

Whatisthecentralideaofthispassage?

A.Googledominatestheon-linesearchmarket.

B.Googleisconfrontedwithstiffcompetition.

C.Googlemanagestoseizemoremarketshareinsoftwarebusiness.

D.Google'sgrowththreatenscompanieslikeMicrosofttoalargeextent.

44.WhatdidtheauthormainlyconcernaboutashesatlisteningtoMcCardellaccepthiselection?

A.TheabilityofMcCardelltotakefullresponsibilityoftheliberal-artscollege.

B.Thedifficultyofundergraduateliberaleducationencounteredatpresent.

C.Thenecessityofreformingliberalartsinneweconomicandculturalclimate.

D.ThepossibilityforcommonpeopletolearnaboutHomerorShakespeare.

45.Themaintroublewithyoungdriversisthat______.

A.theyareproudoftheircars

B.theytendtoownsportscars

C.theysoonbecomeliketheolderones

D.theythinktheyareonthebattlefield

46.

【C6】

47.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"...stoppingtryingtoachievesomethingisoftenkeytoachievingit"?

A.Peoplecouldavoidfailurebyescapingfromthereality.

B.Itismuchwiserforpeopletojustwaitforthechances.

C.Retreatingtohaveinsightwillcontributetoachievement.

D.Freedomisafundamentalbasistorealizeone'sdream.

48.

ThecharacteristicofASARDAinusingvideoconferencingisthat______.

A.ittakesthem4yearstobuildthedynamicprogram

B.theyspendsignificantmoneyininstallingtheequipment

C.thedesktopunitsmakethemhavefullcontrolofmultipointneeds

D.theyhavethelatestsoftwaredevelopedbyothercompanies

49.

JohnQuelchthinkstheweakpointofthetraditionalMBAisthatitfailstoprovideprogramson______.

50.

Accordingtothetext,animalwelfaregroupshavesucceededin______.

A.stoppingallanimalabuseinschools

B.establishingguidelinesthatbanclassroomexperimentsharminganimals

C.protectinganimalsfrombeingexperimentedwithinextracurricularprojects

D.persuadingtwonationalscienceteachers'associationstoadoptananimalprotectionpolicy

51.Culturalnormssocompletelysurroundpeople,sopermeatethoughtandaction,thatweneverrecognizetheassumptionsonwhichourlivesrest.Ifbirdsweresuddenlyendowedwithscientificcuriositytheymightexaminemanythings,buttheskyitselfwouldbeoverlookedasasuitablesubject;iffishweretobecomecuriousabouttheworld,itwouldneveroccurtothemtobeginbyinvestigatingwater.Forbirdsandfishwouldtakeskyandtheseaforgranted,unawareoftheirprofoundinfluencebecausetheycomprisethemediumforeveryact.Humanbeings,inasimilarway,occupyasymbolicuniversegovernedbycodesthatareunconsciouslyacquiredandautomaticallydifferentfromthewayspeopleconducttheiraffairsinothercultures.

Aslongaspeopleremainblindtothesourcesofculturalnorms,theyareimprisonedwithinthem.Theseculturalframesofreferencearenolessconfiningsimplybecausetheycannotbeseenortouched.Whetheritisanindividualmentalitythatkeepsanindividualoutofcontactwithhisneighbors,oracollectivementalitythatseparatesneighborsofdifferentcultures,bothareformsofblindnessthatlimitwhatcanbeexperiencedandwhatcanbelearnedfromothers.

Itwouldseemthateverywherepeoplewoulddesiretobreakoutoftheboundariesoftheirownworlds.Theirabilitytoreactsensitivelytoawiderspectrumofeventsandpeoplesrequiresanovercomingofsuchculturalparochialism.But,infact,fewattainthisbroadervision.Somehavelittleopportunityforwiderculturalexperiences,thoughthisconditionshouldchangeasthemovementofpeopleaccelerates.Othersdonottrytowidentheirexperiencebecausetheyprefertheoldandfamiliar,seekfromtheiraffairsonlyfurtherconfirmationofthecorrectnessoftheirownvalues.Stillothersavoidsuchexperiencesbecausetheyfeelitdangeroustoprobetoodeeplyintothepersonalorculturalunconscious.Exposuremayrevealhowarbitrarymanyculturalnormsare;suchexposuremightforcepeopletoacquirenewbasesforinterpretingevents.AndevenforthosewhodoSeekactivelytoenlargethevarietyofhumanbeingstocommunicatewith,therearestilldifficulties.

Culturalnear-sightednesspersistsnotmerelybecauseofinertiaandhabit,butchieflybecauseitissodifficulttoovercome.Oneacquiresapersonalityandacultureinchildhood,longbeforeheiscapableofcomprehendingeitherofthem.Tosurvive,eachpersonmasterstheperceptualorientations,cognitivebiases,andcommunicativehabitsofhisownculture.Butoncemastered,objectiveassessmentoftheseculturalprocessesisawkward,sincethesamemechanismsthatarebeingevaluatedmustbeusedinmakingtheevaluations.

Theexamplesofbirdsandfishareusedto________.

A.indicatethatanimalsalsohavetheirresp