能源英语面面观知到章节答案智慧树2023年中国石油大学（华东）

能源英语面面观知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新中国石油大学（华东）第一章测试

TheChineseequivalentofESAPis（

）.

参考答案:

通用学术英语

Theword“synergy”means（

）basedonitsetymologicalexplanation.

参考答案:

协同作用

Theword“oil”originallymeans“anykindofsmoothgreasyliquid”butlateracquiresthespecificmeaningof“petroleum”.Thisword-formingmethodiscalled（

）.

参考答案:

Specialization

Compoundedwordshavefourcharacteristics,amongwhich（

）referstoitsspellingfeatures.

参考答案:

orthographical

Souroilmeansoilthatcontainsarelativelyhighproportionof（

）.

参考答案:

sulfur

Thesunenergizesphotosynthesisandbringsabouttheenergycalled（

）.

参考答案:

chemicalenergy

Energyindustryisthetotalityofalloftheindustriesinvolvedintheproductionandsaleofenergy,includingfuelextraction,manufacturing,（

）anddistribution.

参考答案:

refining

Theunderlinedword“tap”means（

）inthefollowingsentence—Oilisformedandthenpercolatesupthroughcracksandporousrocktofillthereservoirsthathumanstaptogetoil.

参考答案:

开采

Abbreviationscanachievebrevity,conciseness,efficiencyandeconomy.ThereforeitisfrequentlyusedinthefollowingdomainEXCEPT（

）.

参考答案:

fictionwriting

Energyconversionefficiency(η)istheratiobetween（

）and（

）.

参考答案:

input,output

第二章测试

(

)isnotarealcoal,butonlyaprecursor.

参考答案:

Peat

Chinaisthelargestcoal(

)countryin2017.

参考答案:

production

AtaleoftwoEuropesmeans(

).

参考答案:

somecountriesinwesternEuropewithcoalexitandsomecountriesinEasternEuropenotannouncingcoalphase-out

Theabiotictheoryisdevelopedin(

)duringtheColdWar,asitneededtobeselfsufficientintermsofproducingitsownenergy.

参考答案:

SovietUnion

Slightlymorethanhalfoftheworld’sprovenreservesarelocatedin(

).

参考答案:

theMiddleEast

InChina,mostnaturalgasisdistributedin(

).

参考答案:

basins

Whichofthefollowingarefossilfuels?

参考答案:

coal;petroleum;naturalgas

Themostsignificantusesofcoalarein(

).

参考答案:

cementmanufacturing;electricitygeneration;steelproduction;liquidfuel

AccordingtoareportbyBritishPetroleum(BP),Largesuppliesofcoalareknowntoexist(provenreserves)orthoughttobeavailablein(

).

参考答案:

NorthAmerica;Asia;Europe

AcrossmuchofAsia,coaldemandgrowsduetoits(

).

参考答案:

availability;affordability

Intheargumentabouttheoriginofoil,scientistsshouldavoidletting(

)preventthemfromacceptingthetruth,whateverthatprovestobe.

参考答案:

scientificcompetition;previousideas;politics

Petroleumisa(

)mixtureofsolid,liquid,andgaseoushydrocarbonsthatoccursnaturallybeneaththeEarth'ssurface.

参考答案:

thick;yellow-to-black;flammable

AccordingtothereportbyEIAin2018,thetopthreecountriesbyoilproductionare(

).

参考答案:

Russia;SaudiArabia;theUSA

Fossilfuelsoriginatedfromdinosaurs.

参考答案:

错

TocarrycoalstoNewcastleisliketopoursandonthebeach.

参考答案:

对

Inordertoreducetheconsumptionofcoal,Chinahastrieditsbesttoinvestinrenewableenergyandtoadoptnewtechnologytoimprovetheefficiencyinindustry.

参考答案:

对

Theword“petroleum”originatedinLatinwhichmeans“rockoil”.

参考答案:

对

Oilandnaturalgasareoftenfoundinsimilarareas,althoughnaturalgaswillalmostcertainlybehigherinthegroundandunderlesspressurethanoil.

参考答案:

错

第三章测试

Fuelcellengines(燃料电池发动机)aretwotothreetimesmoreefficientthancombustionengines,meaningthatmuchgreaterfueleconomyisavailableusinghydrogeninafuelcell.

参考答案:

对

Afuelcellisadevicethatproduceselectricityfromchemicalfuels,injustonestep.Unlikebatteries,fuelcellsdon’trundownorneedrecharging.Aslongasthereisaconstantsourceoffuelandoxygen,fuelcellswillcontinuetogeneratepower.Andtheydon’tburnthefuel–theelectricityisproduceddirectly.

参考答案:

对

Wearemoreindependentonelectricitythanweweregenerationsagosoafailureofsupplytodaycanhavemajorconsequences.

参考答案:

错

Becausethefuelcellissomuchmoreefficientthattheinternalcombustionengine,fuelingafuelcellcarcancostaroundthesameasfuelingagasolinecar.

参考答案:

对

Refuelingafuelcellcarismorecomplexanddangerousthanwithtraditionalgasolinevehicles.

参考答案:

错

Solarpanels,windturbines,hydropowerandgeothermalenergyandhydrocarbons(naturalgasorcoal)canallbeusedtoproducehydrogen(aprimaryenergy).

参考答案:

错

Electrolysiscanusewind,solar,geothermal,fossilfuels,biomass,nuclear,andmanyotherenergysources.

参考答案:

对

Waystoproducehydrogenfuelincludeproducingitfromnuclearpower,biomass,algae,artificialphotosynthesis,directsolarandcoalgasification.

参考答案:

对

Solarpowercausesnopollutionatall.

参考答案:

错

Seasonalvariationsinprecipitationandlong-termchangesinprecipitationpatterns,suchasdroughts,haveabigimpactonhydropowerproduction.

参考答案:

对

Petroleumandnaturalgasbeneaththeoceanfloorarealsoconsideredaformofoceanenergy.

参考答案:

对

Hydropowersystemsbuildpressureeitherbycontainingthewaterbehindadam,orwithinapipethatrunsdownahill.Theweightofthewaterbehindthedamorinthepipecreatespressureatthebottom.Moreheightcreatesmorepressure,andmorepressuremeanswecangetmorepowerfromtheflowofwater.

参考答案:

对

The1973oilembargoand1979energycrisiscausedareorganizationofenergypoliciesaroundtheworldandbroughtrenewedattentiontodevelopingsolartechnologies.

参考答案:

对

Newenergyvehiclesaredrivenbytheeneryof______.Itisbelievedthattheyreduceourdependenceonpetroleumandmayreducegreenhousegasemissions.

参考答案:

hydrogen

_____isthefirstelementontheperiodictable,makingitthelightestelement.Sinceitissolight,itrisesintheatmosphereandisthereforerarelyfoundinitspureform.

参考答案:

Hydrogen

Inaflameofpurehydrogengas,burninginair,thehydrogenreactswithoxygentoformwaterandreleases_______.

参考答案:

energy

______hasthehighestenergycontentofallknownconventionalfuels(byweight).Ithasalmost3timesmoreenergycontentbymassthan______.

参考答案:

Hydrogen,gasoline

Theonlyproductsthatcomeoutofafuelcellare_______.Nopollutionorotherdirtybyproductscomeoutofthetailpipeofafuelcellcar.

参考答案:

electricity,heatandwater

Fuelcellsareversatileastheycanscaleupeasilyandmeetavarietyofpowerneeds–largeorsmall.Youcan____individualfuelcellstoincreasetheamountofpowertheycanprovide.Thetallerthestack,themorepoweryouhave.

参考答案:

stack

PurehydrogendoesnotoccurnaturallyonEarthinlargequantities,anditislockedupinenormousquantitiesinwater,hydrocarbons,andother______.Oneofthechallengesofusinghydrogenasafuelcomesfrombeingabletoefficientlyextracthydrogenfromthesecompounds(化合物).

参考答案:

organicmatter

______isanenergyformfoundinnaturethathasnotbeensubjectedtoanyhumanengineeredconversionprocess.Itisenergycontainedinrawfuels,andotherformsofenergyreceivedasinputtoasystem.

参考答案:

Primaryenergy

Inelectrolysis,electricityisrunthroughwatertoseparatethe_____and_____atoms.

参考答案:

hydrogen,oxygen

Manufacturersofhydrogengeneratorshavedevelopedmethodstouseloweramountsofelectricitytosplitwaterintohydrogen.Differentelectrolytesorcatalystsareusedin_______thebondsbetweenhydrogenandoxygenatomsthatmakeupwater.

参考答案:

loosening

Thescientistsandresearchershavemostlydecidedthatusingnuclearpowerplantsthatarecurrentlyonlinemaybeabletoproducehydrogenfuelasabyproductofthewaterthattheyarealreadyusingtocoolthe____.

参考答案:

reactors

Landfillsandfarmscanhavehighconcentrationsof_____whichishydrogen-richchemicalcompound.

参考答案:

methane

Mostoftoday’shydrogenisproducedfromnaturalgasthroughaprocesscalledsteammethanereforming.Thisiswheresteamand_______cometogetherunderhightemperaturetoproducehydrogen.

参考答案:

hydrocarbons

Aragingrivercontains____energy____asmallstream.

参考答案:

more,than

Beamsofsunshinearewavesoflightandheatenergy,radiatedacross93millionmilesofspacetoreachourearthinabout________.

参考答案:

eightminutes

Sunlightreachesusbyradiation.Radiationtravelsinelectromagneticwavesconsistingof______,andwhentheenergywavesreachanobject,theycaneitherpassthroughit,orbereflected,orbeabsorbed,dependingonthematerial.PVsaremadeoutofasemi-conductingmaterial.Whentheyabsorbphotonsofsunlight,theenergyofthephotonsdislodgeselectronsfromtheiratoms.ThePV’sspecialcoatingattractsfreeelectronstothesurface,anditisthismovementofelectronsthatproducestheelectricalcurrent.

参考答案:

photons

Floatovoltaicsreducetheneedofvaluablelandarea,savedrinkingwaterthatwouldotherwisebelostthrough______,andshowahigherefficiencyofsolarenergyconversion,asthepanelsarekeptata_____temperaturethantheywouldbeonland.

参考答案:

evaporation,cooler

TheislandofTa’uinAmericanSamoa,smallinsizethough,islargewhenitcomestorenewableenergy.Itproducing100%ofitselectricityfromsolarpower.Thebatteriesstoreenergyforupto____daysonwhichthesundoesn’tshine.

参考答案:

three

Hydrogenfuelcanbeharvestedfrombiomass.______,________and______arethreeplacesthatcreatemuchbiomass.

参考答案:

farms;sewageplants;landfills

Theamountof_____thatdrainsintoriversandstreamsinageographicareadeterminestheamountofwateravailableforproducinghydropower.

参考答案:

snowfall;precipitation;raindrop

Thevolumeofthewaterflowandthechangein_____fromonepointtoanotherdeterminetheamountofavailableenergyinmovingwater.

参考答案:

elevation;fall

Waterwheelsaremachinesthatusetheenergyof______toturnawheel.Theaxleoftheturningwheelcanthenpowerothermachinestodowork.

参考答案:

flowingwater;orboth;orfallingwater

TheThreeGorgesDamhasbroughtbenefitstoChinesepeoplemainlyin__________.

参考答案:

floodcontrol;tourismopportunities;powergeneration;navigationimprovement

Newnuclearisimpracticalinwesterncountriesbecauseof________.

参考答案:

oftdemandformultiplereactorunits;regulatoryuncertainty;popularopposition;highcosts

Strongoceancurrentsaregeneratedfromacombinationoftemperature,wind,salinity,bathymetry,andtherotationoftheEarth.TheSunactsastheprimarydrivingforce,causing_____________.

参考答案:

temperaturedifferences;winds

Commonenvironmentalconcernsassociatedwithmarineenergydevelopmentsinclude____.

参考答案:

thepotentialeffectonnearfieldandfarfieldmarineenvironmentandprocessessuchassedimenttransportandwaterquality;thephysicalpresenceofmarineenergyprojectsandtheirpotentialtoalterthebehaviorofmarinemammals,fish,andseabirdswithattractionoravoidance;theriskofmarinemammalsandfishbeingstruckbytidalturbineblades;theeffectsofEMFandunderwaternoiseemittedfromoperatingmarineenergydevices

第四章测试

Hydroelectricfacilitiesmighthaveamajorimpacton（

）.

参考答案:

aquaticecosystems

Geothermalenergybringsairemissionsincluding（

）.

参考答案:

all

theoptions

（

）isNOToneofthegenderissuesinenergyindustry.

参考答案:

racialdiscrimination

Windfarmsmaybring（

）.

参考答案:

noisepollution

Undercertainlightingconditions,windturbinescancreateaneffectknownas（

）.

参考答案:

shadowflicker

Toachievegenderequityintheenergysectordoesnotmeanachieving（

）.

参考答案:

equaltime

STEMeducationdoesnotinclude（

）.

参考答案:

masculinity

Womenaretryingtogetinvolvedinenergysectorsbymakingeffortsindifferentaspectsexcept（

）.

参考答案:

complainingjuveniledelinquency

EarthHourstartsat（

）.

参考答案:

20:30

WWFisshortfor（

）.

参考答案:

WorldWideFundforNature

（

）istheworld'slargestconservationorganization.

参考答案:

WWF

WWFiswell-knownforits（

）logocreatedin1961.

参考答案:

panda

Whichoneoftheseincreasesthelevelofcarbondioxideinouratmosphere?

参考答案:

All

theoptions

（

）istakeninbyplantstomakefood.

参考答案:

carbondioxide

Theprocessbywhichplantsmakefoodiscalled（

）.

参考答案:

photosynthesis

（

）alsoknownasIEA,isattheheartofglobaldialogueonenergy.

参考答案:

InternationalEnergyAgency

（

）isanexampleofinitialism.

参考答案:

HTML

The（

）isanintergovernmentalorganizationtopromoteadoptionandsustainableuseofrenewableenergy.

参考答案:

InternationalRenewableEnergyAgency

Choosethecorrectabbreviation.（

）

参考答案:

WestartschoolonAug.8th.

Whattimeofthedayis12:00A.M.?（

）.

参考答案:

midnight

“Iliveon9200S.BellSt.”Whatdoes"S."standforinthissentence?（

）

参考答案:

South

Countriesthatrelyonoilexports,cansufferfromaphenomenonknownasthe（

）.

参考答案:

“DutchDisease”

The（

）Effectreferstoaconceptthatsmallcausescanhavelargeeffects.

参考答案:

Butterfly

Thecarbonmarketisamarketinwhichwetrade（

）.

参考答案:

carbonemissionallowances

WhatyeardidoilpricesskyrocketthankstoanOPECembargo?（

）

参考答案:

1973

Plastictype（

）istypicallyusedtomakebottlesforwater.

参考答案:

1

Itissafertoputtype（

）polypropyleneintoamicrowaveoven.

参考答案:

5

Whichisanexampleofgeopolitics?（

）

参考答案:

TheColdWar

Geopoliticsisclosestto（

）.

参考答案:

Geographicpolitics

CarbonfootprintscanNOTbereducedthrough（

）.

参考答案:

eatingmoremeat

第五章测试

Theancient(

),wereallformedalongtherivers.

参考答案:

Civilizations

Beforetheindustrialrevolution,themostimportantresourceswere(

)inagriculturalsociety

参考答案:

Landandwater

Aftertheindustrialrevolution,thekeyenergytransferredto(

).

参考答案:

fossilfuels

peoplebuilddamsandleveestocontroltheflooding.Theseprojects,aswellasreservoirsandwells,werecalled(

).

参考答案:

hydraulicengineering

OneofthereasonsofthebadeconomicsituationinArabianworld,maybeattributedtothedisruptivefrackingtechnologyimprovementin(

).

参考答案:

theU.S.A

Beforefossilfuelswereexploitedandappliedonalargescale,(

)themainsourceofenergyinancientChina.

参考答案:

Woodandcharcoal

ThepoemOldCharcoalMantoldusafactthattheroyalfamily,aswellasthecommonpeoplelivingincities,needtopurchaseCharcoalfortheir(

).

参考答案:

dailysupply

Charcoalhadbeenthemainfuelofsmeltingandcastingindustrybefore(

).

参考答案:

SongDynasty

Theuncontrolleduseoffirewoodultimatelyledtoseriousconsequence—(

).

参考答案:

Vegetationdeterioration

WhenthedrivingforceofsocialtransformationwasmainlyfromtheSouthandoverseas,theancientempirehadtomovetowardsearlyindustrialization,inthewayofseparating(

)andfinancialcapital.

参考答案:

energyresources

Inmodernsociety,(),astheprimarysourceofenergy,wouldaffectthenationalsecurity.

参考答案:

petroleum

Greenspanoncesaid:“Oilisthebloodof().”

参考答案:

Modernindustry

By(

),withtheimportedoilaccountingfor80%,Chinaisalmostbecomingacountrytotallydependentonimportedoil.

参考答案:

2020

Chinaisconstructingmutuallybeneficialrelationshipswithallthecountriesalong(

).

参考答案:

theBeltandRoad

TheSouthChinaSeacontainstheworld'slargestreserveof(

).

参考答案:

combustibleice

TheinternationalorganizationoffinancialsystemthatPresidentRooseveltproposedafterWWIItoestablishis(

).

参考答案:

theBrettonWoodssystem

WithintheBrettonWoodssystem,theUnitedStatespromisedtoexchangethedollarsforgoldatafixedrateof(

)dollarsperounce.

参考答案:

35

In1974theUnitedStatesmadeadealwith(

)foramilitaryalliance,whichthusledtothepetroleumtradebeingpricedintheU.S.dollars.

参考答案:

SaudiArabia

After1973,bylinkingthedollartooil,adirectconsequenceoffightinginoil-producingcountriesisthesoaringoilprices,whichmeans(

)forthedollar.

参考答案:

higherdemand

ThefirstdecreeissuedbytheInterimGovernmentwastodeclareIraq'soilexportstobepricedindollarsagaininsteadof(

).

参考答案:

Euros

Venezuela,acountrylocatedinnorthof(

),oncehasbeenoneoftheworld'slargestexportersofoilandhastheworld'slargest(

).

参考答案:

southAmerica,provenoilreserves

ThetermDutchDiseasewascoinedin(

)toexplainasharpdeclineintheDutcheconomyfollowingtheirdiscoveryof(

)in1959.

参考答案:

1977,naturalgasreserves

Hyperinflationisaveryhigh,rapid,andcontinuous(

),withinwhichthepricesofgoodsandservicesquicklyrisetoalevelsohigh.

参考答案:

Inflation

theso-calledoilcursehasnotonlycausedVenezuela’seconomicdecline,butalsodeterioratedits(

)climate.

参考答案:

political

whichofthecountryisthebloggerfrom