高级英语自学考试练习题三

2011年高级英语自学考试练习题三PartⅠVocabulary(20%)DirectionsA:Thereare10incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.______friendshelpedhimtogetappointedambassadortoFrance.（）A.Efficient B.InfluentialC.Impressive D.Effective2.Whenyougoabroadtostudyorwork,youmust______newcustoms.（）A.addressyourselfto B.adaptyourselftoC.replaceyourselfwith D.convinceyourselfto3.Nothingwillstopusinour______fortruth.（）A.request B.appealC.quest D.query4.Examinationsarenottheonlymeansof______astudent’sability.（）A.assuming B.assertingC.assigning D.assessing5.Itwasashrewdmove______tobuythehousejustbeforepropertypricesstartedtorise.（）A.onherpart B.athandC.atherexpense D.onrecord6.Thebehaviorofthisanimalinhotweatherisa______thatscientistsarefindingdifficulttosolve.（）A.myth B.mysteryC.dispute D.fantasy7.Theytriedtocollectallthepicturestheycould______.（）A.laytheirhandson B.capitalizeonC.washtheirhandsof D.makethebestof8.Thereislittle______thatshewillmakeafullrecovery.（）A.promise B.likelihoodC.foresight D.announcement9.Mrs.Smithhad______debtstotallymorethan$20,000whenshedied.（）A.goneroundwith B.figuredoutC.runup D.boundupwith10.Itis______totalkaboutthesepopsingers.Peoplearenowshowinggreatinterestinfootball.（）A.outofsorts B.outoflineC.outoforder D.outoffashionDirectionsB:Thereare10sentencesinthissection.Ineachsentencethereisawordorphraseunderlined.BeloweachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartofeachsentencewithoutchangingitsoriginalmeaning.11.Thelawyerwasonthetrackofnewproofinthecase,andhewassureofhisconvincingthejuryincourt.（）A.testingthetruth B.onthetopicofC.lookingfor D.askedfor12.Thecompanyiscryingoutforefficientexecutivestogetitoutofthecrisis.（）A.ismissing B.badlyneedsC.isgrievingfor D.sympathizeswith13.Aftersuchaconfrontationbetweenthetwoparties,anyreconciliationwouldbeoutofthequestion.（）A.withinquestion B.impossibleC.withoutquestion D.possible14.Strangely,Billkeepshisofficeneatasapin,whilehishomeisalwaysinastateofchaos.（）A.disorder B.clarityC.chorus D.charity15.Theworkisnotveryprofitableintermsofmoney,butI’mgettingvaluableexperienceoutofit.（）A.regardlessof B.inregardtoC.inspiteof D.incaseof16.Althoughhefundedseveralhealthresearchinstitutions,hewasfirstandlastanengineer.（）A.inbrief B.inshortC.atleast D.allinall17.Theproblemcanbesolvedonlyifwearewillingtocompromise.（）A.giveupsomething B.workhandinhandC.forgiveeachother D.supporteachother18.Thetwopartnerswillneverreachanagreementifonedoesnotmodifyitsdemands.（）A.clarify B.identifyC.neglect D.change19.Thedisputefinallycamedowntoaquestionofwhichsideshouldberesponsiblefortheloss.（）A.waspassedalongto B.wasfacedbyC.wasreducedto D.wasjudgedby20.Thatwasawonderfulexperience,Ineverexpectedtocomemyway.（）A.standmyway B.belongtomeC.getundermycontrol D.happentomePartIICloze(10%)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.Thefactissignificant.Towhatisit1?Inpart,Isuppose,toageneralincreasein2.Therichhavealways3theirpersonalappearance.The4ofwealth—suchasitis—nowallowsthoseofthe5whoareless6thantheirfatherstodothesame.·The7ofagingandeventualdeathmustultimatelybeacceptedasthenatural8ofthelifecycle,theold9theirprescribedlifespansand10wayfortheyoung.Muchthatis11inoldageinfactderivesfromtherealityofagingandthe12·NewsofHarlemrioting13themulti-nationalstudent14there.ThetypicalEuropean15wasunlikeanythingIhadseenbefore.Theyhadnohomesorbusinessestoworryaboutproecting.TheywanttoknowwhyNegroesdidnotriotmoreoften.16theonlyNegrointhesummer17Ifeltembarrassedforatime.IwasembarrassedbecauseIdidnothaveany18.·Theinvestigationwasnot19sothatveteranscould20outtheirheartsorpurgetheirsouls;itwasdonetoprovethatthepolicyoftheU.S.inIndochinaistantamounttogenocide,andthatnotonlythesoldiersareresponsibleforwhatishappening,butthateveryonehereinAmericaisresponsible.A.answersE.completingI.dueM.makingQ.prosperityU.sessionB.AsF.cultivatedJ.forN.poorR.purgeV.spillC.badlyoffG.diffusionK.imminenceO.processS.uniqueW.stagedD.communityH.doneL.joltedP.progressionT.responseX.toPartIIIReadingComprehension(40%)Directions:Therearefourpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Readeachpassagecarefullyanddecideonthebestanswer.PassageOneHenryFord,thefamousU.S.inventorandcarmanufacturer,oncesaid,“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness.”BythishemeantthattheU.S.wayoflifeisbasedonthevaluesofthebusinessworld.FewwouldarguewithFord’sstatement.AbriefglimpseatadailynewspapervividlyshowshowmuchpeopleintheUnitedStatesthinkaboutbusiness.Forexample,nearlyeverynewspaperhasabusinesssection,inwhichthedealsandprojects,financesandmanagement,stockpricesandlaborproblemsofcorporationsarereporteddaily.Inaddition,businessnewscanappearineveryothersection.Mostnationalnewshasanimportantfinancialaspecttoit.Welfare,foreignaid,thefederalbudget,andthepoliciesoftheFederalReserveBankareallheavilyaffectedbybusiness.Moreover,businessnewsappearsinsomeoftheunlikeliestplaces.Theworldofartsandentertainmentisoftenreferredtoas“theentertainmentindustry”or“showbusiness”.ThepositivesideofHenryFord’sstatementcanbeseenintheprosperitythatbusinesshasbroughttoU.S.life.OneofthemostimportantreasonswhysomanypeoplefromallovertheworldcometoliveintheUnitedStatesisthedreamofabetterjob.Jobsareproducedinabundance(大量地)becausetheU.S.economicsystemisdrivenbycompetition.Peoplebelievethatthissystemcreateswealth,morejobs,andamateriallybetterwayoflife.ThenegativesideofHenryFord’sstatement,however,canbeseenwhenthewordbusinessistakentomeanbigbusiness.Andthetermbigbusiness--referringtothebiggestcompanies,isseeninoppositiontolabor.ThroughoutU.S.historyworkingpeoplehavehadtofighthardforhigherwages,betterworkingconditions,andtherighttoformunions.Today,manyoftheoldlabordisputesareover,butthereisstillsomeemployeeanxiety.Downsizing---thelayingoffofthousandsofworkerstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshigh---createsfeelingsofinsecurityformany.41.TheUnitedStatesisatypicalcountry______.（）A.whereallbusinessesaremanagedscientificallyB.whichencouragesfreetradeathomeandabroadC.whichnormallyworksaccordingtothefederalbudgetD.wherepeople’schiefconcernishowtomakemoney42.TheinfluenceofbusinessintheU.S.isevidencedbythefactthat______.（）A.mostnewspapersarerunbybigbusinessesB.evenartsandentertainmentareregardedasbusinessC.AmericansofallprofessionsknowhowtodobusinessD.evenpublicorganizationsconcentrateonworkingforprofits43.Accordingtothepassage,immigrantschoosetosettleintheU.S.,dreamingthat______.（）A.theywillmakeafortuneovernightthereB.theycanbemorecompetitiveinbusinessC.theycanstartprofitablebusinessthereD.theywillfindbetterchancesofemployment44.HenryFord’sstatementcanbetakennegativelybecause______.（）A.thereisaconflictingrelationshipbetweenbigcorporationsandlaborB.therearemanyindustriescontrolledbyfewbigcapitalistsC.publicservicesarenotrunbythefederalgovernmentD.workingpeoplearediscouragedtofightfortheirrights45.Acompany’seffortstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshighmayresultin______.（）A.ariseinworkers’wagesB.improvementofworkingconditionsC.reductioninthenumberofemployeesD.fewerdisputesbetweenlaborandmanagementPassageTwoIt’snosecretthatmanychildrenwouldbehealthierandhappierwithadoptiveparentsthanwiththeparentsthatnaturedealtthem.That’sespeciallytrueofchildrenwhoremaininabusivehomesbecausethelawblindlyfavorsbiologicalparents.It’salsotrueofchildrenwhosufferforyearsinfosterhomes(收养孩子的家庭)becauseofparentswhocan’torwon’tcareforthembutrefusetogiveupcustody(监护)rights.Fourteen-year-oldKimberlyMaysfitsneitherdescription,butherrecentcourtvictorycouldeventuallyhelpchildrenwhodo.Kimberlyhasbeentheobjectofanangrycustodybattlebetweenthemanwhoraisedherandherbiologicalparents,withwhomshehasneverlived.AFloridajudgeruledthattheteenagercanremainwiththeonlyfathershe’severknownandthatherbiologicalparentshave“nolegalclaim”onher.Theruling,thoughitmayyetbereversed,setsasidetheprinciplethatbiologyistheprimarydeterminantofparentage.That’sanimportantdevelopment,onethat’slongoverdue.ShortlyafterbirthinDecember1978,KimberlyMaysandanotherinfantweremistakenlyswitchedandsenthomewiththewrongparents.Kimberly’sbiologicalparents,ErnestandReginaTwigg,receivedachildwhodiedofaheartdiseasein1988.Medicaltestsshowedthatthechildwasn’ttheTwigg’sowndaughter,butKimberlywas,thussparkingacustodybattlewithRobertMays.In1989,thetwofamiliesagreedthatMr.MayswouldmaintaincustodywiththeTwiggsgettingvisitingrights.ThoserightswereendedwhenMr.MaysdecidedthatKimberlywasbeingharmed.ThedecisiontoleaveKimberlywithMr.Maysrenderedhersuitdebated.ButthejudgemadeclearthatKimberlydidhavestandingtosue(起诉)onherownbehalf.Thushemadeclearthatshewasmorethanjustpropertytobehandledasadultssawfit.Certainly,thebiologicallinkbetweenparentandchildisfundamental.Butbiologicalparentsaren’talwayspreferabletoadoptiveones,andbiologicalparentagedoesnotconveyanabsoluteownershipthatcancelsalltherightsofchildren.46.WhatwastheprimaryconsiderationintheFloridajudge’sruling?（）A.Thetraditionalpractice. B.Theparents’feelings.C.Thebiologicallink. D.Thechild’sbenefits.47.WecanlearnfromtheKimberlycasethat______.（）A.fosterhomesbringchildrenmorepainandsufferingthancareB.thebiologicallinkbetweenparentandchildshouldbeemphasizedC.childrenaremorethanjustpersonalpossessionsoftheirparentsD.biologicalparentsshouldn’tclaimcustodyrightsaftertheirchildisadopted48.TheTwiggsclaimedcustodyrightstoKimberlybecause______.（）A.theyregardedherastheirpropertyB.theywereherbiologicalparentsC.theyfeltguiltyabouttheirpastmistakeD.theyfoundherunhappyinMr.Mays’custody49.KimberlyhadbeengiventoMr.Mays______.（）A.forbettercare B.outofcharityC.bysheeraccident D.athisrequest50.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthejudge’srulingcouldbedescribedas______.（）A.critical B.cautiousC.doubtful D.supportivePassageThreeProfessorSmithrecentlypersuaded35people,23ofthemwerewomen,tokeepadiaryofalltheirabsent-mindedactionsforafortnight.Whenhecametoanalysetheirembarrassinglapses(差错)inascientificreport,hewassurprisedtofindthatnearlyallofthemfellintoafewgroupings.Nordidthelapsesappeartobeentirelyrandom(随机的).Oneofthewomen,forinstance,onleavingherhouseforworkonemorningthrewherdogherearringsandtriedtofixadogbiscuitonherear.“Theexplanationforthisisthatthebrainislikeacomputer,”explainstheprofessor.“Peopleprogrammethemselvestodocertainactivitiesregularly.Itwasthewoman’scustomeverymorningtothrowherdogtwobiscuitsandthenputonherearrings.Butsomehowtheactiongotreversedintheprogramme.”Aboutoneintwentyoftheincidentsthevolunteersreportedwerethese“programmeassemblyfailures.”Altogetherthevolunteerslogged433unintentionalactionsthattheyfoundthemselvesdoing---anaverageoftwelveeach.Thereappearstobepeakperiodsinthedaywhenweareatourzaniest(荒谬可笑的).Thesearetwohourssometimebetweeneighta.m.andnoon,betweenfourandsixp.m.withasmallerpeakbetweeneightandtenp.m.“Amongmenthepeakseemstobewhenachangeoverinbrain‘programmes’occurs,asforinstancebetweengoingtoandfromwork.”Womenonaveragereportedslightlymorelapses---12.5comparedwith10.9formen---probablybecausetheyweremorereliablereporters.Astartlingfindingoftheresearchisthattheabsent-mindedactivityisahazardofdoingthingsinwhichweareskilled.Normally,youwouldexpectthatskillreducesthenumberoferrorswemake.Buttryingtoavoidsillyslipsbyconcentratingmorecouldmakethingsalotworse---evendangerous.51.InhisstudyProfessorSmithaskedthesubjects______.（）A.toanalysetheirawkwardexperiencesscientificallyB.tokeeparecordofwhattheydidunintentionallyC.tokeeptrackofpeoplewhotendtoforgetthingsD.toreporttheirembarrassinglapsesatrandom52.ProfessorSmithdiscoveredthat______.（）A.manypeopleweretooembarrassedtoadmittheirabsent-mindednessB.mentendtobemoreabsent-mindedthanwomenC.absent-mindednessisanexcusablehumanweaknessD.certainpatternscanbeidentifiedintherecordedincidents53.“Programmeassemblyfailures”(Line7,Para.2)referstothephenomenonthatpeople______.（）A.arelikelytomessthingsupiftheyaretootiredB.tendtomakemistakeswhentheyareinahurryC.oftenfailtoprogrammetheirroutinesbeforehandD.unconsciouslychangethesequenceofdoingthings54.Welearnfromthethirdparagraphthat______.（）A.absent-mindednesstendstooccurduringcertainhoursofthedayB.womenexperiencemorepeakperiodsofabsent-mindednessC.men’sabsent-mindednessoftenresultsinfunnysituationsD.womenareverycarefultoperformactionsduringpeakperiods55.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.（）A.peopleshouldbecarefulwhenprogrammingtheiractionsB.lapsescannotalwaysbeattributedtolackofconcentrationC.hazardscanbeavoidedwhenpeopledothingstheyaregoodatD.peopleshouldavoiddoingimportantthingsduringpearperiodsoflapsesPassageFourOnaverage,Americankidsaged3to12spent29hoursaweekinschool,eighthoursmorethantheydidin1981.Theyalsodidmorehouseholdworkandparticipatedinmoreofsuchorganizedactivitiesassoccerandballet.Involvementinsports,inparticular,rosealmost50%from1981to1997:boysnowspendanaverageoffourhoursaweekplayingsports;girlsloghalfthattime.Allinall,however,children’sleisuretimedroppedfrom40%ofthedayin1981to25%.“Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危机)thataffectstheirparents,”saysSandraHofferth,whoheadedtherecentstudyofchildren’stimetable.Achiefreason,shesays,isthatmoremothersareworkingoutsidethehome.(Nevertheless,childreninbothdouble-incomeand“malebreadwinner”householdsspentcomparableamountsoftimeinteractingwiththeirparents,19hoursand22hoursrespectively.Incontrast,childrenspentonly9hourswiththeirsinglemothers.)Allworkandnoplaycouldmakeforsomeverymessed-upkids.“Playisthemostpowerfulwayachildexplorestheworldandlearnsabouthimself,”saysT.BerryBrazelton,professoratHarvardThechildrensampledspentaquarteroftheirrapidlydecreasing“freetime”watchingtelevision.Butthat,believeitornot,wasoneofthefindingsparentsmightregardasgoodnews.Ifthey’respendinglesstimeinfrontoftheTVset,however,kidsaren’treplacingitwithreading.Despiteeffortstogetkidsmoreinterestedinbooks,thechildrenspentjustoveranhouraweekreading.Let’sfaceit,who’sgotthetime?56.Bymentioning“thesametimecrunch”(Line1,Para.2)SandraHofferthmeans______.（）A.childrenhavelittletimetoplaywiththeirparentsB.bothparentsandchildrensufferfromlackofleisuretimeC.bothparentsandchildrenhavetroublemanagingtheirtimeD.childrenarenottakengoodcareofbytheirworkingparents57.Accordingtotheauthor,thereasongivenbySandraHofferthforthetimecrunchis______.（）A.partiallytrue B.quiteconvincingC.ratherconfusing D.totallygroundless58.Accordingtotheauthorachilddevelopsbetterif______.（）A.hehasplentyoftimereadingandstudyingB.heisfreetointeractwithhisworkingparentsC.heislefttoplaywithhispeersinhisownwayD.hehasmoretimeparticipatinginschoolactivities59