河北省唐山市遵化市2021-2022学年高一上学期开学质量检测英语试题WORD版含解析

遵化市2021—2022学年度第一学期质量检测高一英语试卷注意事项：1、本试卷共12页，总分120分，考试时间120分钟。2、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔填涂在答题卡上。3、答选择题前，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。答非选择题时，将答案写在试卷上。4、交卷时只交答题卡和第Ⅱ卷。第I卷（共80分）I、听句子，选出句子中所包含的信息（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）1.A.matterB.matchC.maths2.A.12:50B.1:00C.1:103.A.lookinguptoB.lookingoutofC.lookingforwardto4.A.Wecansmokeintheroom.B.There’snosmokeintheroom.C.Wecan’tsmokeintheroom.5.A.It’smybirthdaytoday.B.It’sRita’sbirthdaytoday.C.It’sRita’sbirthdaywish.II、听句子，选出该句的最佳答语（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）6.A.Justso-so.B.You’rekind.C.Thankyou.7.A.Whathappened?B.Whynot?C.What’swrong?8.A.Don’tmentionit.B.It’suseful.C.Mypleasure.9.A.I’mout.B.I’mfine.C.I’llmissyou.10.A.Soundsgreat.B.Hereyouare.C.Sorrytohearthat.III、听对话和问题，选择最佳答案。（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分）11.Whatwilltheydoafterschool?A.B.C.12Wherearetheynow?A.B.C.13.Wholovescandiesmost?A.Lily.B.Carla.C.Susie.14.Howmanybookscanastudentcheckoutatatime?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.15.Whatshouldyoudoifyoucan’tfinishreadingontime?A.Renewthebooks.B.Keepthebookslonger.C.Sendthebooksback.16.WheredoesJanelive?A.Inthecenterofthecity.B.Inasmalltown.C.Inatownfarfromthecity.17.HowoftendoesJanegotothegym?A.Everyweekend.B.Threeorfourtimesaweek.C.Threeorfourtimesamonth.18.WhatdoesJanethinkofthelifeinherneighbourhood?A.It’snice.B.It’speaceful.C.It’snoisy.IV、听短文和问题，选择正确答案（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分）19.What’swrongwithSuperGirl?A.Sheworriesaboutherbestfriend.B.Herbestfriendhasanewfriend.C.Shewantstomakeanewfriend.20.What’sthefirstthingAdamadvisesSuperGirltodo?A.Giveuptheirfriendship.B.Writeanotetoherfriend.C.Takeupanewhobby.21.WhichthingmighthappenifSuperGirlkeepsbeingworried?A.She’llfeelmoreupset.B.She’lllearnnewskills.C.She’llfocusonschoolwork.22.Whomightlistentotheprogram?A.Storymakers.B.Booklovers.C.Partylovers.23.WhatisTommyscaredof?A.Party.B.Darkness.C.Dogs.24.WhohelpedTommytofacehisfear?A.Hismom.B.Hisneighbour.C.Histeacher.25.WhatdidSallylearn?A.Howtobeagoodwinner.B.Howtobeagoodloser.C.Howtofacescarydogs.笔试部分VI.单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Ienjoywalking________thesidesofthelake.Itcanmakemeforgetunhappythings.A.through B.across C.along D.around【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢沿着湖边散步,它可以让我忘记不开心的事情。A.through从空间穿过；B.across穿越，越过；C.along沿着；D.around在...周围。walkalong为固定用法，意为“沿着……走”。故选C。2.—Arethosebooks________?—No,theyarenotmine.Theybelongto________.A.your;he B.yours;her C.your;hers D.yours;she【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查代词。句意：——那些书是你的吗？——不，它们不是我的。它们属于她。首先看空格一，空格后无名词，故空格处应用名词性物主代词，“your”意为“你的，你们的”，为形容词性物主代词，“yours”意为“你的，你们的”，为名词性物主代词，相当于“yourbooks”，故空格一用“yours”；再看空格二，“to”为介词，后应接代词宾格，“he”意为“他”，为人称代词主格，“her”意为“她”，为人称代词宾格，符合句意，“hers”意为“她的”，为名词性物主代词，“she”意为“她”，为人称代词主格，均不符合语境，故空格二应用“her”。故选B项。3.I’mafraidthere________ameetingat3pm.It’sapityIcan’tjoinyou.A.was B.are C.hasbeen D.willbe【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查therebe句型和时态。句意：恐怕下午3点有个会议。很遗憾我不能和你一起去。分析句子可知，句中涉及“therebe”句型，根据句意和句中“at3pm”可知，句子陈述的是将要发生的事，故应用“therebe”句型的一般将来时，句式为“therewillbe…”，故空格处应用“willbe”。故选D项。4.Don’t________toolate.It’sbadforyourhealth.A.wakeup B.stayup C.showup D.turnup【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不要熬夜太晚。这对你的健康有害。A.wakeup醒来；B.stayup熬夜；C.showup出现；D.turnup出现，调高。根据句意和句中“It’sbadforyourhealth”可知，对你健康有害的应该是“熬夜太晚”，“stayup”意为“熬夜”，符合句意。故选B项。5.—Saratrytodoeverythingtothebestwithinyour________.—OK,Iwill.A.ability B.habit C.power D.attention【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——莎拉，尽你所能做到最好。——好的，我会的。A.ability能力；B.habit习惯；C.power权力；D.attention注意力。根据句意可知，句中指在你的“能力”范围内，尽力把一切做到最好。“ability”意为“能力”，名词词性，符合句意。故选A项。6.—Bobisasmartboss!—Yes,heknowshowtodotheworkwith________moneyand________people.A.less;less B.fewer,less C.less,fewer D.more,more【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：——鲍勃是个聪明的老板！——是的，他知道如何用更少的钱和更少的人做这项工作。根据句意可知，好的老板在做工作时应该是比普通人用更少的人力和物力，由此可知，句子应用比较级，“money”意为“钱”，为不可数名词，应用“little”修饰，形容词词性，意为“很少的”，比较级为“less”，意为“更少的”，“people”意为“人们”，为集合名词，本身就是复数形式，应用“few”修饰，形容词词性，意为“很少的”，比较级为“fewer”，意为“更少的”。故选C项。7.—DoyouplantogotoLisa’spartytomorrow?—Yes,ifI________.A.aminvited B.wasinvited C.invite D.aminviting【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。——你打算明天去丽萨的聚会吗？——是的，如果我被邀请的话。根据问句中“tomorrow”可知，问句询问的是将来的事，答语为“if”引导的条件状语从句，从句应用一般现在时表将来，且主语“I”与“invite”之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，句式为“主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词”，“I”与“am”连用，“invite”意为“邀请”，动词词性，过去分词为“invited”，故空格处应用“aminvited”。故选A项。8.IsawLilyontheplayground.She________longjump.A.practices B.practiced C.haspracticed D.waspracticing【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我刚才在操场见过Lily。她当时正在练习跳远。根据saw可知，本句陈述过去的事实，要用过去时态。又由于我看见她时，她正在练习跳远。因此用过去进行时。故选D。9.Over100countriesandorganizations________warmsupporttotheBeltandRoadinitiative(倡议)since2013.A.offer B.haveoffered C.offered D.willoffer【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：自2013年以来，超过100个国家和组织对“一带一路”倡议给予了热情的支持。根据句意和句中“since2013”可知，句中动作开始于过去并持续到现在，应用现在完成时，句式为“主语+has/have+动词过去分词”，句子主语“Over100countriesandorganizations”为可数名词复数形式，与“have”连用，“offer”意为“自愿给予”，动词词性，过去分词为“offered”，故空格处应用“haveoffered”。故选B项。10.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________aboutthelocalhistoryandculture?—Ofcourse.Youcancheckitonthiscomputer.A.whyIcangettheinformation B.whatinformationIgotC.whereIcangettheinformation D.thatIgottheinformation【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：——对不起。你能告诉我在哪里可以得到有关当地历史和文化的信息吗？——当然。你可以在这台电脑上查一下。根据句意和句子结构可知，问句为宾语从句，“________aboutthelocalhistoryandculture”作“tell”的直接宾语，答语回答的是得到当地历史和文化信息的地点，故从句应用“where”引导，且为陈述语序。故选C项。VII.完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。Oneyoungperson,whowaswelleducated,wentforajobasamanagerinabigcompany.Thepresidentdidthefinal____11____.Hediscoveredtheyouthwas____12____andfeltsatisfied.Thenthepresidentaskedwhopaidforhisschoolfees.Theyouthanswered,“Mymotherdidit.Sheworkedasaclothes____13____.”Thepresidentrequestedtheyouthto____14____hishands.Sotheyouthdid.Theyweresmooth.Thenheasked,“Haveyouever____15____yourmotherwashtheclothesbefore?”Theyouthanswered,“Never,mymotheralwayswantedmeto____16____.”“Goandcleanyourmother’shandswhenyougobacktoday,andthen____17____metomorrowmorning,”thepresidentsaidatlast.Theyouthfelthischanceofgettingthejobwashigh,sowhenhewentback,hehappilyrequestedhismothertolethimcleanherhands.However,histearsfell____18____hecleanedhismother’shandsslowly.Itwasthefirsttimehehad____19____thathismother’shandsweresowrinkled(布满皱纹的).Afterthat,theyouthdidn’tsayawordandwashedalltheremainingclothesforhismother____20____.Thatnight,MotherandSontalkedforaverylongtime,longerthananytalkbefore.Thenext____21____,theyouthwenttothepresident’soffice.Thepresidentnoticedthetearsintheyouth’seyesandasked,“Pleasetellmehowyou____22____abouthelpingyourmother.”Theyouthsaid,“NumberOne,Iknownowwhatappreciationis.Withoutmymother,Iwouldn’tbesuccessfultoday.NumberTwo,byhelpingmymother,Irealizehow____23____itistogetsomethingdone.NumberThree,I’vecometorealizethe____24____offamilyrelationship.”Thepresidentsaid,“Youare____25____.ThisiswhatI’mlookingfortobemymanager.”11.A.election B.test C.interview D.competition12.A.strong B.excellent C.humorous D.cute13.A.maker B.cleaner C.mender D.seller14.A.wash B.hide C.show D.dry15A.found B.let C.helped D.watched16.A.study B.ignore C.work D.rest17.A.move B.see C.recognize D.answer18.A.after B.until C.because D.as19.A.believed B.sensed C.noticed D.expected20.A.quietly B.sadly C.excitedly D.angrily21.A.morning B.noon C.afternoon D.evening22.A.worried B.felt C.brought D.spoke23.A.important B.difficult C.different D.impossible24.A.value B.secret C.type D.change25.A.educated B.respected C.trusted D.hired【答案】11.C12.B13.B14.C15.C16.A17.B18.D19.C20.A21.A22.B23.B24.A25.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位年轻人去应聘一家公司的经理。而董事长却让他回去给母亲洗手，他体会了感恩是什么，生活的不容易，家庭的重要性。【11题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：董事长进行了最后的面试。A.election选举；B.test测试；C.interview面试；D.competition比赛。根据上文“Oneyoungperson,whowaswelleducated,wentforajobasamanagerinabigcompany.(一位受过良的年轻人去一家大公司去面试经理职位)”可知，董事长要进行最终的面试。故选C。【12题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他发现这个年轻人很优秀，感到很满意。Astrong强壮的；B.excellent优秀的；C.humorous幽默的；D.cute可爱的。根据“feltsatisfied.”可知，年轻人很优秀。故选B。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是洗衣工。A.maker制造者；B.cleaner清洁工；C.mender修理工；D.seller卖者。根据下文“Haveyouever5yourmotherwashtheclothesbefore?”可知，他妈妈是一名洗衣工。故选B。【14题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：董事长让年轻人展示他的手。A.wash洗；B.hide隐藏；C.show展示；D.dry干燥的。根据下文“Sotheyouthdid.Theyweresmooth.”可知，董事长让年轻人展示他的手。年轻人按要求展开手，他的手是光滑的。故选C。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：董事长问年轻人，“你是否曾经帮助过你的妈妈洗衣服？”A.found发现；B.let让；C.helped帮助；D.watched观看。根据语境可知，董事长看了他的手后问他是否帮助过母亲洗衣服。故选C。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人回答，从来没有。母亲总是让他学习。A.study学习；B.ignore忽视；C.work工作；D.rest休息。根据年轻人的回答可知，他从未帮母亲洗过衣服。母亲总是让他学习。故选A。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：董事长告诉他：“今天回去帮母亲洗手，明天早上见我。”A.move移动；B.see看到；C.recognize认出；D.answer答复。董事长让年轻人第二天去见他。故选B。【18题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当他给妈妈慢慢洗手时，他的眼泪流了下来。A.after在……之后；B.until直到；C.because因为；D.as当……的时候。根据语境可知，当他给妈妈慢慢洗手时，他的眼泪流了下来。故选D。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是他第一次注意到妈妈的手布满皱纹。A.believed相信；B.sensed感觉；C.noticed注意到；D.expected预料。根据语境可知，他以前未曾给母亲洗过手，也就没有注意到她的手是如此布满皱纹的。故选C。【20题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：之后，年轻人没说一句话，他悄悄地替妈妈洗完剩下的衣服。A.quietly悄悄地，安静地；B.sadly悲伤地；C.excitedly兴奋地；D.angrily生气地。根据上文“theyouthdidn’tsayaword”可知，他悄悄地替妈妈洗完剩下的衣服。故选A。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，他去董事长办公室。A.morning早上；B.noon中午；C.afternoon下午；D.evening晚上。根据上文“then7metomorrowmorning,”可知，董事长要求他第二天早上去见他。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：董事长说：“请告诉我，你帮妈妈的感受。”A.worried担心；B.felt感受；C.brought带来；D.spoke讲。董事长叫他去的目的是问他帮助妈妈的感受。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二，通过帮助妈妈，我感觉到完成一件事是多么不容易。A.important重要的；B.difficult困难的；C.different不同的；D.impossible不可能的。根据语境可知，年轻人感受到完成一件事是多么不容易。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第三，我认识到家庭的价值。A.value价值；B.secret秘密；C.type类型；D.change变化。根据语境可知，年轻人意识到家庭的重要性。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你被聘用了。A.educated教育；B.respected尊敬；C.trusted相信；D.hired聘用。根据下文“ThisiswhatI’mlookingfortobemymanager.”可知，最后，年轻人被聘用。故选D。VIII.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，计30分）阅读A、B、C、D四篇材料，然后从各个小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALastweekwasRoadSafetyWeekatJason’sschool.Allthestudentshadtotakepartinatalkonroadsafety,whichwasgivenbyapoliceofficer.Thefollowingiswhatthepoliceofficersaid:“Mosttrafficaccidentsarebecauseofthedrivers’carelessness.Afrequentcauseoftrafficaccidentsisspeed.Somepeopledrivetoofast.Thismeansthatitisdifficultforthemtostopquickly.Youneedtorememberthiswhenyouarecrossingthestreetorwalkingalongthesidewalk.”“It’snotonlydriverstocauseaccidents,however,peopleonfoot—pedestrians,andbicycleridersoftencauseaccidents,too.Pedestrianssometimeswalkoutintothestreetwithoutlooking.Youshouldalwayslookonbothsidesbeforesteppingintothestreet.”“Doanyofyourideabike?Bicycleriderscancauseaccidentsbychangingdirectionssuddenlyorwithoutwarningotherroadusers.Beforeyouturnleft,forexample,youshouldmakesuretherearen’tanycarsortrucksbehindyou.Youshouldnotturnuntilthestreetisclear.”“Therulesoftheroadareverysimple.Ifwelearnthemandobeythem,weshouldnothaveaccidentsanymore.”26.Whydomostaccidentshappen?A.Becausepeoplestoptheircarssuddenly. B.Becausepeopledon’tknowtherules.C.Becausepeoplearecareless. D.Becausepeopledon’tcareiftheyhaveanaccident.27.Howcanmostbicycleriderscauseaccidents?A.Bycrossingtheroadwithoutwarningotherroadusers.B.Byturningsuddenlywithoutwarningotherroadusers.C.Bymakingsuretherearen’tanycarscoming.D.Byshowingsuddenlyorwithoutwarningotherroadusers.28.Theword“frequent”inthepassagemeans________inChinese.A.频繁的 B.偶尔的 C.所有的 D.罕见的29.Themainideaofthestoryis________.A.obeyingtherulesoftheroadcankeepyoufromhavingaccidentsB.itwasRoadSafetyWeekatJason’sschoolC.it’snotonlydriverswhocausetrafficaccidentsD.somepeoplehaveaccidentsbecausetheydrivetooquickly【答案】26.C27.B28.A29.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是一位警官关于道路安全报告的具体内容，说明了事故发生的原因以及学习和遵守交规的重要性。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mosttrafficaccidentsarebecauseofthedrivers’carelessness.(大多数交通事故都是因为司机的粗心大意)”可知，大多数事故会发生是因为人们很粗心。故选C。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Bicycleriderscancauseaccidentsbychangingdirectionssuddenlyorwithoutwarningotherroadusers.(骑自行车的人如果突然改变方向或没有警告其他道路使用者，可能会造成事故)”可知，大多数骑自行车的人在没有警告其他道路使用者的情况下突然转弯，从而造成事故。故选B。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Mosttrafficaccidentsarebecauseofthedrivers’carelessness.(大多数交通事故都是因为司机的粗心大意)”以及后文“causeoftrafficaccidentsisspeed.Somepeopledrivetoofast.Thismeansthatitisdifficultforthemtostopquickly.”可知，导致交通事故频繁发生的原因是车速。有些人开车太快了。这意味着他们很难迅速停止。划线词意思是“频繁的”。故选A。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Therulesoftheroadareverysimple.Ifwelearnthemandobeythem,weshouldnothaveaccidentsanymore.(交通规则很简单。如果我们学习它们，遵守它们，我们就不会再发生意外了)”结合文章主要是一位警官关于道路安全报告的具体内容，说明了事故发生的原因以及学习和遵守交规的重要性。可知，这个故事的主要思想是遵守交通规则可以防止你发生事故。故选A。BWhatyouneed:·Sugar·Coldwaterinaclearglass·Hotwaterinaclearglass·Spoonforstirring(搅拌)Whatyoudo:·Makesuretheglasseshavethesameamountofwater.·Putanamountofsugarintothecoldwaterandstiritwiththespoonuntilthesugardisappears.Repeatthisprocess(rememberingtocounttheamountofsugaryouputintothewater)untilthesugarstopsdissolving(溶解).Atthispoint,thesugarstartstogatheronthebottomoftheglassratherthandissolving.·Writedownhowmuchsugaryoucoulddissolveinthecoldwater.·Repeatthesameprocessinthehotwater,andthencomparethenumberofsugardissolvedineachglass.Whichdissolvedmore?What’shappening?What’shappening?Thecoldwaterisn’tabletodissolveasmuchsugarasthehotwater.Sugardissolvesinthehotwaterthreetimesasfastasinthecoldwater.Butwhy?Anothernamefortheliquidsinsidetheglassesisa“solution”.Whenthissolutioncannolongerdissolvesugar,itbecomesa“saturated(饱和的)solution”.Thismeansthatsugarstartsformingonthebottomoftheglass.Thereasonwhythehotwaterdissolvesmoreisthatithasfastermovingmolecules(分子)whicharespreadfurtherapartthanthemoleculesinthecoldwater.Withbiggergapsbetweenthemoleculesinthehotwater,moresugarmoleculescanfitinbetweenthem.30.Whatisn’tneededintheexperiment?A.Sugar. B.Water. C.Spoon. D.Bowl.31.Inwhichorderdoestheexperimentdevelop?a.Putsugarintoeachglassuntilthesugarstopsdissolving.b.Writedowntheamountofsugarthatdissolvesineachglass.c.Comparethetwonumbers.dPrepareaglassofcoldwaterandaglassofhotwater.A.a—c—b—d B.d—a—b—cC.d—a—c—b D.a—b—c—d32.Ifittakesfiveminutesforsugartodissolveinthehotwater,howlongdoesittakeinthecoldwater?A.Fiveminutes. B.Tenminutes.C.Fifteenminutes. D.Twentyminutes.33.Thepassageisapagefrom________.A.achemistrymagazine B.atravelguideC.afilmposter D.adailynewspaper【答案】30.D31.B32.C33.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过一个化学实验告诉我们一个化学知识，同等的热水中溶解的糖比冷水中更快、更多，并解释了这种现象的原因。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whatyouneed”部分内容“Sugar”（糖）、“Coldwaterinaclearglass”（装在透明玻璃杯里的冷水）、“Hotwaterinaclearglass”（装在透明玻璃杯里的热水）和“Spoonforstirring”（搅拌勺）可知，实验中需要糖、水和勺子，没有提到需要碗。故选D项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whatyouneed”部分内容“Coldwaterinaclearglass”（装在透明玻璃杯里的冷水）和“Hotwaterinaclearglass”（装在透明玻璃杯里的热水）可知，实验前，我们需要准备一杯冷水和一杯热水，与“d”描述一致；根据“Whatyoudo”部分内容“Putanamountofsugarintothecoldwaterandstiritwiththespoonuntilthesugardisappears.Repeatthisprocess(rememberingtocounttheamountofsugaryouputintothewater)untilthesugarstopsdissolving(溶解).”（在冷水中加入适量的糖，用勺子搅拌，直到糖消失。重复这个过程（记得数一数你放入水中的糖量），直到糖停止溶解。）可知，接下来把糖放进每个玻璃杯，直到糖停止溶解，与“a”描述一致；根据“Whatyoudo”部分内容“Writedownhowmuchsugaryoucoulddissolveinthecoldwater.”（写下你能在冷水中溶解多少糖。）可知，第三步是记下每个玻璃杯中溶解的糖的量，与“b”描述一致；根据“Whatyoudo”部分内容“Repeatthesameprocessinthehotwater,andthencomparethenumberofsugardissolvedineachglass.”（在热水中重复同样的过程，然后比较每个玻璃杯中溶解的糖的数量。）可知，最后一步是“比较这两个数字”，即比较每个玻璃杯中溶解的糖的数量，与“c”描述一致，故实验的顺序是“d—a—b—c”。故选B项。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Sugardissolvesinthehotwaterthreetimesasfastasinthecoldwater.”（糖在热水中的溶解速度是在冷水中的三倍。）可知，糖在热水中的溶解速度是在冷水中的三倍，由此可推断出，如果糖在热水中溶解需要五分钟，那么在冷水中需要“五分钟”的三倍，即“十五分钟”。故选C项。【33题详解】推理判断题。通读文章，结合最后一段关键句“Thereasonwhythehotwaterdissolvesmoreisthatithasfastermovingmolecules(分子)whicharespreadfurtherapartthanthemoleculesinthecoldwater.”（热水溶解更多的原因是它有比冷水中的分子扩散得更远的、运动更快的分子。）可知，文章主要介绍了一个实验过程，通过这个实验告诉我们一个化学知识，同等的热水中溶解的糖比冷水中更快、更多，由此可推断出，讲述化学知识的文章应该来自化学杂志。故选A项。CThedaughtershoutedassoonassheenteredthedoor,“Thisworldistoounfair!”Itturnedoutthatshewastalkingtoherdeskmatewhilehavingamathclass.Shewascaughtbytheteacher.Andfinallysheandherdeskmatewerebothpunished.“It’sfair.Isaid.”That’snotfair!Therewereclearlyseveralclassmateswhoweretalkingatthetime,buttheteacherstaredatusandonlypunishedus,”shesaidangrily.Iknewthatmydaughtercaredaboutthismatter.Iaskedher,“Shouldyoubepunishedforspeakinginclass?”Shenodded,butsaidatthesametime,“Itisunfairformethattheteacherdidn’tpunishotherstudentswhospoke!”Itoldher,“Don’ttalkaboutothers.Justlookatyourself.Wasitwrongtopunishyou?”Sheloweredherheadandanswered,“No.”Isaid,“That’sfair!Youknowwhatthepriceofspeakinginclassis.Youdiditandgotthepunishment.Soit’sfair.Theteacherdidn’tpunishothers,becauseshecouldchoosetoforgive,butitdidn’tmeanunfair.”Mydaughtercouldnotunderstand.Butshewasnotasangryasthemomentsheenteredthedoor.Peopleareoftenlikethis.Standingandlookingatthemselves,theyareveryclearaboutwhattheyaredoing.Theyalsoknowwhattheirrewardsandpunishmentsshouldbe,buttheunfairmentality(心理)isthatwhentheylookupatothers.Thefeelingaboutunfaircomesfromcomparingwithothers.Themostimportantthingistounderstandfairnessinadeeperway,notonlyfromyourpointofview!34.Thedaughterthoughtitwasunfairbecause________.A.theteacherstaredatherandherdeskmateB.sheandherdeskmateweretalkinginclassC.onlysheandherdeskmatewerebothpunishedD.otherclassmateswerepunishedwhileshewasn’t35.Whatwasthewriter’sopiniontowardstheteacher’spunishment?A.Thedaughterneedn’tcareaboutthismatter.B.Thepriceofspeakinginclasswastobepunished.C.Itwaswrongfortheteachertopunishherdaughter.D.Itwasunfairfortheteachertoforgiveotherstudents.36.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Weshouldlookatourselvesinadeeperway.B.Theunfairmentalitycomesfromcomparingwithourselves.C.Peopleareveryclearaboutalltherewardsandpunishments.D.Tounderstandfairnessnotonlycomesfromourpointofview.【答案】34.C35.B36.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在文章中通过讲述女儿因在课上说话受到老师惩罚的故事告诉我们，我们要更深入地理解公平，而不仅仅是来自我们自己的观点。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“That’snotfair!Therewereclearlyseveralclassmateswhoweretalkingatthetime,buttheteacherstaredatusandonlypunishedus,”shesaidangrily.（这不公平！当时明显有几个同学在说话，但老师盯着我们，只惩罚了我们，”她愤怒地说。）”可知，女儿认为不公平，因为当时在课上说话的不止她和同桌，还有其他同学，但老师只惩罚了她和同桌，由此可知，女儿认为这不公平，因为只有她和她的同桌都受到了惩罚。故选C项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Isaid,“That’sfair!Youknowwhatthepriceofspeakinginclassis.Youdiditandgotthepunishment.Soit’sfair.Theteacherdidn’tpunishothers,becauseshecouldchoosetoforgive,butitdidn’tmeanunfair.”（我说，“这很公平！你知道在课堂上讲话的代价是什么。你这样做了并且受到了惩罚。所以这很公平。老师没有惩罚其他人，因为她可以选择原谅，但这并不意味着不公平。”）”可知，母亲认为老师的做法是公平的，因为在课堂上讲话的代价就是受到惩罚，由此可知，关于老师的处罚，作者认为在课堂上讲话的代价就是要受到惩罚。故选B项。【36题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章，结合最后一段关键句“Thefeelingaboutunfaircomesfromcomparingwithothers.Themostimportantthingistounderstandfairnessinadeeperway,notonlyfromyourpointofview!（对不公平的感觉来自于与他人的比较。最重要的是要更深入地理解公平，而不仅仅是从你的角度！）”可知，作者在文章通过讲述女儿因在课上说话受到老师惩罚的故事告诉我们，理解公平不仅仅来自我们自己的观点，最重要的是要更深入地理解公平。故选D项。DWeallhaveproblemsandbarriers(障碍)thatpreventusfrommovingintonewareas.Whensomeonemeetstheproblemwhichhecan’tgetover,heusuallyturnsawayandstartswalkingalongadifferentpath.Unluckily,soonhemaygetintoanothersimilarone.Inthisway,hislifestaysinsidethesameoldcycles,inwhichheisunlikelytomakeprogressorkeeplearning.Whileothersdealwithproblemsbylovingtheminsteadofhatingthem.Theword“love”meansacceptingyourproblems.Themorewedeny(否定)aproblem,thestrongeritseemstobecome.Onlywhenweacceptthefactcanwefindtheusefulwaystodealwithit.Supposeoneofyourbarriersistakingafinalexam.Youfearthatyouwillforgeteverythingthatyouhaveremembered.Onewayofdealingwithitistopretend(假装)thatyouarenotafraid—tellyourself“I’mnotgoingtobescared”andthentrytoforceasmileonyourface.Butcomparedwiththat,lovingyourfearactuallyworksbetter.Youjustneedtosaytoyourself,“I’mscared.ButI’mgoingtotakeiteasy.Itisnotonlyaproblem,butalsoachanceformetomakeprogress.”Bydoingthat,youallowyourselftobeafraidandyoucanhavearightunderstandingtoyourproblem.Youwelcomeyourproblemandfaceitinanactiveway.Sothere’snodoubtthatyouaremorelikelytoovercomeitcompletely.Itisimpossibletolivealifewithoutproblems.Lovingthemdoesn’tmeanhidingthem.Instead,itmeansadmittingthetruthaboutthem.Thishelpsustakeeffective(有效的)actions,whichcanfreeusfromtheproblemsonceandforall.37.Ifourlivesstaythesame,weareunlikelyto________.A.makeprogressorkeeplearning B.dealwiththeproblemC.meetdifficulties D.forceasmileontheface38.Whenwemeetadifficultproblem,weshould________.A.trytofindadifferentpath B.avoidanothersimilarproblemC.accepttheproblemfirst D.trytodenytheproblem39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“admitting”mean?A.Accepting. B.Refusing.C.Praising. D.Remembering.40.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoDealwithaProblem B.HowtoMakeProgressC.HowtoAvoidDifficulties D.HowtoBecomeConfident【答案】37.A38.C39.A40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们如何处理生活中遇到的问题——接受它们，而不是讨厌或逃避它们。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Inthisway,hislifestaysinsidethesameoldcycles,inwhichheisunlikelytomakeprogressorkeeplearning.”（这样，他的生活就停留在旧的循环中，在旧的循环中，他不可能取得进步或继续学习。）可知，如果一个人的生活一直停留在旧的循环中，保持不变，他不可能取得进步或继续学习，由此可知，如果我们的生活保持不变，我们就不太可能取得进步或继续学习。故选A项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Whileothersdealwithproblemsbylovingtheminsteadofhatingthem.Theword“love”meansacceptingyourproblems.Themorewedeny(否定)aproblem,thestrongeritseemstobecome.Onlywhenweacceptthefactcanwefindtheusefulwaystodealwithit.”（而其他人则通过爱而不是恨来处理问题。“爱”这个词意味着接受你的问题。我们越是否认一个问题，它似乎变得越强大。只有当我们接受这个事实，我们才能找到有效的方法来处理它。）可知，当我们遇到一个问题时，我们首先应该接受这个问题，因为只有当我们接受这个事实，我们才能找到有效的方法来处理它，由此可知，当我们遇到难题时，我们应该首先接受问题。故选C项。【39题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“Lovingthemdoesn’tmeanhidingthem.”（爱他们并不意味着隐藏他们。）和第二段关键句“Theword“love”meansacceptingyourproblems.”（“爱”这个词意味着接受你的问题。）可知，文章告诉我们当我们遇到难题时，我们应该学会接受问题，而不是隐藏问题，由此可推断出，“admittingthetruth”意为“承认事实，接受事实”，“Accepting”意为“接受”，符合画线单词的意思。故选A项。【40题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章，结合最后一段内容“Itisimpossibletolivealifewithoutproblems.Lovingthemdoesn’tmeanhidingthem.Instead,itmeansadmittingthetruthaboutthem.Thishelpsustakeeffective(有效的)actions,whichcanfreeusfromtheproblemsonceandforall.”（没有问题的生活是不可能的。爱他们并不意味着隐藏他们。相反，这意味着承认他们的真相。这有助于我们采取有效的行动，使我们从问题中一劳永逸地解脱出来。）可知，文章主要告诉我们如何处理问题，当我们遇到问题时，要学会接受问题，这有助于我们采取有效的行动，彻底解决问题。“HowtoDealwithaProblem”意为“如何处理问题”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选A项。第Ⅱ卷（共40分）听力部分（第二节）V.听短文填空（共5小题；每小题1分，计5分）InformationSheetDrive:26.onthe________intheUKShopping:27.is________onSundays28.can’tbuyanythingafter________pmDrink:29.cold________allthetimeandteawithmilkFeeling:30.lifehereis________butenjoyableIX.任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）阅读下面短文，按要求完成各小题。Doyouwanttobuythingsthatareneworsecond-hand?Thesedays,moreandmorepeoplewanttobuysecond-handthings.Second-handthingsarenotonlycheapandvaluablebutalsoenvironmental-friendly.Theseyears,peopleoftenbuyfarmorethantheyneed.Atthesametime,morepeopleareinterestedinminimalism(极简主义).Sothetradeamongsecond-handthingsisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Ithelpsdeveloptheonlinetradingplatforms(平台)aswell.Inthosesecond-handplatforms,peoplecantradealmostallkindsofusedproducts.Thingsinthesecond-handplatformsaremuchcheaperthannewones,sopeoplecansavealotofmoney.Forexample,anewcarmaycostmuchmoney,butyoucanhaveasecond-handcarwithalowerprice.Usingsecond-handthingsisalsogoodfortheenvironment.Manythingscanberecycledmanytimes.Soit’sabetterchoicetosellthethingsyoudon’tneedassecond-handproductsinsteadofthrowingthem.Itcanbringtheenvironmentlesspollution.Peoplecanevenfindsomethingspecialandvaluable.Thesethingsarenolongermadenowadays.Forexample,somepeopleliketobuysomeoldthings,includingwatches,clothesandothers.Thesethingsoftengoback30yearsorevenmore.Butaslongasthey’regood,peoplecanstillusethem.Whatkindsofsecond-handthingswillyoubuy?41.Peopleoftenbuyfarmorethantheyneedandmorepeople________minimalismtheseyears.42.Howshouldwedealwiththethingswedon’tneedanymoreaccordingtoParagraph4?________________43.Whyissomethingonsecond-handmarketspecialandvaluablenowadays?________________44.找出并写下全文的主题句。________________45.将文中画线句子译成汉语。________________【答案】41.areinterestedin42.Weshouldselltheminsteadofthrowingthem.43.Becausethesethingsarenolongermadenowadays.44.Second-handthingsarenotonlycheapandvaluablebutalsoenvironmental-friendly.45.但是只要它们（二手商品）是好的，人们仍然可以使用它们。【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了购买二手商品的好处，不仅物美价廉，而且环保。【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段关键句“Theseyears,peopleoftenbuyfarmorethantheyneed.Atthesametime,morepeopleareinterestedinminimalism(极简主义).(这些年来，人们经常购买远远超