专题09历史和传统-备战2022高考英语单元话题语法填空阅读理解读后续写专项突破（人教版2019）

专题09历史和传统Part1语法填空（一）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifyoulookaroundyourcity,youmightspotpeoplewearinghanfuinsubwaysoronthestreets.AnewtrendistakingholdinChina–guochao,or“China-chic”.Accordingtoarecentlypublishedreport,searches1．(relate)toguochaoonDianping,alifestyleinformationplatform,2．(rise)by170percentfromthesameperiodlastyear,andreviewshavegoneupbynearly40percent.China-chicishappening,butwhatisit?China-chiccameunder3．spotlightin2018.Duringthe2018NewYorkFashionWeek,Li-NingintroduceditsTaoism-inspiredWuDaocollection.Thecollectionnotonlyhadatrendylook,butalsoincludedelementsof4．(tradition)Chineseculture.Itimmediatelygrabbedattentionathomeandabroad.Asaresult,thecompanyrecorded20percentrevenuegrowth(营业收入)in2018,5．(mark)thefirsttimethebrand’srevenuehadhitthe10-billion-yuanmarksince6．(it)founding.Now,theguochaotrendismovingtothenextstage,7．itssuccesswillrely,firstandforemost,8．gainingculturalconfidenceratherthanWesternvalidation(认可).Nomatterhowtheguochaotrendevolves,there’sonethingthatwon’tchange:Behindthepassion9．(be)people’spositiveattitudetowardthecountry’sdevelopmentandtheir10．(recognize)ofandgrowingconfidenceinnationalculture,saidYaoLinqing,aprofessorintheSchoolofEconomicsandManagementatCommunicationUniversityofChina.（二）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Confucius,China’smostfamousteacherandphilosopher,wasbornKongqiuin551BCEnearQufu,ineasternChina.Confuciusshowedagreatinterest11．academicsearlyon.“At15,Isetmyhearton12．(learn),”helatertoldhisfollowers.Hestudiedmusic,mathematics,theclassics,history,andmore.Confuciusbelievedthateducationandreflectionledtovirtue.Heonceworkedforthegovernment,but13．(find)fargreatersuccessasateacherinstead.Confuciusbrokewithtraditioninthe14．(believe)thatallhumanbeingscouldbenefitfromeducation.Hegavehissupportforlifelonglearningandattracted15．widecircleoffollowers,whoknewhisasKongfuzi(MasterKong).Thosepupilsrecordedhis16．(word)inTheAnalects,acollectionofsayingsandideas.AsstatedinTheAnalects,Confuciusbelievedthatsocialharmonywould17．(natural)followfromtheproperorderingofindividualsinrelationtooneanother,withthefamilyunitasthebasicbuildingblockofsociety.Confucius18．(ignore)largelyinhisownday.Whenhediedin479BCE,heleftbehindperhaps3,000students,whodevotedthemselvestopreservingandspreading19．(they)master’sideas.TheAnalectshasguidedgovernmentsandindividualsforthousandsofyears,influencingChinesehistory20．civilizationintheprocess.（三）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LikethecoastalcitiesQingdao,ShanghaiandXiameninChina,LosAngeles,SanFranciscoandSanDiego21．（locate）offthecoastinCalifornia,theUSA.Itwasin1848,notlongaftertheAmerican-Mexicanwar,22．goldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.Thisincrediblenewsappealedtopeoplefromallovertheworld,thedreamsofwhomweretobecomerichassoonaspossible.The23．（near）,andthereforethefirsttoarrivewereSouthAmericansandpeoplefromtheUnitedStates,24．（follow）byadventurersfromEuropeandAsiasoon.Alloftheprospectorsdugexcitedlyandwildlywiththepurposeofreachingtheburiedgold.25．madethosewhosoughttheirfortuneheart-brokenwas,asamatteroffact,thatfewachievedtheirdreamsofbecomingrich.Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifefor26．（they）.Inspiteofthefactthattheywouldbefacedupwithvarious27．（suffer）,theysettledinthenewtownsoronfarms.BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalready28．multiculturalsociety.Nowadaysimmigrantsfromdifferentpartsoftheworld,attractedbytheclimateandthelifestyle,stillmovetoCalifornia.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixof29．（nationality）willbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,but30．（simple）amixtureofmanyracesandcultures.Therefore,CaliforniahasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA,thediversityofwhichisnotsurprisingwhenyouknowitshistory.Part2阅读理解（一）Acrosstheworld,languageandhistoryareconnected.Associetyandtraditionchange,newwordsorphrasesarecreatedtoshowthepresentculturalunderstanding.Someoldphrasesandwordssimplyturnintotheacceptedusageswiththeirbackgroundsforgotten.Onesuchphrase“grandfatheredin”hasbecomeacommononenow.Althoughitoftenmakespeoplethinkoftheimageofagray-haired,oldergentleman,whogetsoutoftroublebecauseofhisage,itactuallymeansthatonepersonorabusinesshastherighttorefusethenewrules.Adeeperlookintothefirstuseofthephraseshowsaninterestingstoryinhistory.Ithappenedinatowninthe1980s.Anewlawwaspassedtherenottoallowilliterates(文盲)toparticipateinthemakingofrulesastheycouldn’treadorwriteandmightnothelpintheprocess.Thelimitwaspotentbecauseexceptfortheoldandchildren,therewerecloseto30percentofyoungadultsinthetownwhohadlittleornoeducation.Beingstrongandenergetic,theymadeupanimportantpartofthetown’sdevelopment.Consideringthat,someofficersinthetowndidn’treadilyaccepttherule.Instead,theycarefullygavetheiradvicetotheheadofthetown.Atthesametime,theyencouragedtheseyoungadultstopasstheliteracy(读写能力)tests.Thusa“grandfatherclause(条款)”wasaddedtoallowilliteratestoparticipateaslongastheyortheirgrandfathershadoncebeenparticipants.Theclausenodoubthelpedremovetheunfairnessandbenefitedall.Thephrase“grandfatheredin”isofcoursestillwidelyusedtodaywithoutbeinglimitedtoacertainfield.Butevenascultureandtraditionchange,whetherwe’reawareofitornot,languagehasthepowertoholdourhistory.31．AccordingtoParagraph1,whathashappenedtosomeoldphrasewithtimegoing?A．Theyhavegotlostinhistory.B．Fewpeoplecanusethemcorrectly.C．Theyarerarelyusedinpopularculture.D．Fewpeopleknowmuchabouttheirhistory.32．Thephrase“grandfatheredin”isusednowadayswhen________.A．anoldmandislikesnewrulesB．apersonisfreefromnewrulesC．abusinesshasalonghistoryandcultureD．abusinessmanfailstofollowthemarketrules33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“potent”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Unless. B．Powerful. C．Easy. D．Reasonable.34．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthe“grandfatherclause”inthehistory?A．Funny. B．Incorrect. C．Positive. D．Disappointing.35．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A．Languageandhistoryarealwaysconnected.B．Thebirthofsomephrasescanbeinteresting.C．Historyplaysanimportantroleincommunication.D．Somephrasesarecreatedtoshowthepresentculture.（二）TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM),alongwithChineseKungfuandPekingOpera,isoneofChina’sculturalsymbolsrecognizedworldwide.ItisagemofChinesecivilization,andithasalsomadegreatcontributionstoworldcivilizationbyimprovingpeople’shealthandpromotingsocialprogress.ThereusedtobeadebateinChinaaboutwhetherTCMorWesternmedicinewasbetter,andargumentscanstillbeheardtoday.Butactually,TCMandwesternmedicinearetwodifferentmedicaltheoreticalsystemsthatcannotreplaceeachother.Insomeaspectssuchassurgery,WesternmedicineisbetterthanTCM,butinotherareas,suchasrecoveryaftersurgeryandtreatmentofchronic(慢性的)diseases,TCMismoreeffective.ThisiswaysomeChinesehospitalsprovidebothTCMandWesternmedicinetreatments.AcombinationofbothhasbeenacceptedbymanyChinesepeopleasthemosteffectivetreatment.Today,promotingandinnovatingTCMhasbecomeaconsensus(共识)inChinesesociety.TheChinesegovernmenthasformulatedpoliciestosupportthedevelopmentandinnovationofTCM,withaviewtoestablishingaChinesehealthcaredevelopmentmodelpayingequalattentiontoboth.ThesupportivepoliciesoftheChineseGovernmentwillfocusonthreeaspects.ThefirstisthestrengtheningofTCMservicesinmedicalinstitutions.ThesecondistoapplyInternettechnologytoTCMmanagement,includingsettingupadatabasecontainingTCMelectronicmedicalrecordsandprescriptions(处方).ThethirdistogivebetterplaytotheadvantagesofTCM,especiallyacupuncture(针灸)andnaprapathy(推拿).ThefunctionofTCMindiseasepreventionandrecoverywillalsobeenhanced.AslongasTCMkeepsitscorestrengthsandrespectstherulesofdevelopmentandinnovation,itwillsurelybeabletomaintainitsvitalityandbringmorebenefitstopeopleinChinaandtheworld.36．WhatadvantagedoesWesternmedicinehaveoverTCM?A．Itisasymbolofnationalcivilization.B．Itismoresuccessfulinrecoveryaftersurgery.C．Itismoreeffectiveinsurgery.D．Itismoreeffectiveintreatingchronicdiseases.37．Accordingtoparagraph4,whichofthefollowingaspectsisnotincludedintheChinesegovernmentsupportsforTCM?A．ItcallsonthepublictosupportTCM.B．ItcombinesInternetTechnologywithTCM.C．ItmakesbetteruseoftheadvantagesofTCM.D．ItincreasesTCMservicesinhospitalsandmedicalcenters.38．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TCMBeatsWesternMedicine. B．ChineseGovernmentPromotesTCM.C．TCMisOneofChina'sCulturalSymbols. D．TCMBreaksNewGround.（三）TheBeginningofCanadaCanadaisintheNorthAmericancontinent.Forpeoplewholiveoutsidethiscountrythehistoryofthisnationmaynotbeknown.Canadahasgonethroughalonghistory.NorthAmerica'sfirsthumansmigratedfromAsia,probablyoveralandbridgefromSiberiatoAlaskasometimeabout12,000yearsago.UnknownnumbersofpeoplemovedsouthwardalongthewesternedgeoftheNorthAmericanicecap.TheInuitwholiveinCanada'sArcticregionstodaywerethelastpeopletoreachCanada.BeforeEuropeanscame,about12languagesweredevelopedbythenativesoftheland.Theselanguageswerefoundinvariousculturesandtribes.Inthesetribes,therewasmixtureofagricultureandhunting.Also,somegroupshadahigh-levelofpolitical,religious,cultural,andtradingorganization.ThefirstEuropeanexplorers-oftheCanadianregionwereVikingsfromIceland,wheretheycametoLabradorandNewfoundland.ThenativesandVikingsdidnotgetalongwell,soVikingseventuallyranawayfromtheregion.JohnCabot,anItaliannavigatorcameuponthislandCabotandhiscrewwerethesecondgroupofEuropeanstoreachwhatwouldbecomeCanadaaround1000CE.ThefirstclaimingofthelandinCanadawasbytheFrench.Between1534and1542,JacquesCartiermadethreevoyagesacrosstheAtlantic，claimingthelandforKingFrancisIofFrance.Bythe1550s,thenameofCanadabeganappearingonmaps.MoreFrenchsettlementactivitycontinuedinthenameofcompetingwiththeSpanish.In1604theFrenchnavigatorSamueldeChamplainledagroupofsettlerstoAcadiawhichprovedunsuitable.In1605,theymovedacrosstheBayofFundytoPortRoyalbutfounditswatersystemsweretoodifficulttogetthroughforefficientgoodsdelivery.Finallyin1608,Champlainbuiltafortress(堡垒)atwhatisnowQuebecCityInthefollowingyears,England,theNetherlands,andalsoScotlandtriedtoclaimpartsofCanadaastheirownthroughtradeandwar.Competitionfortheregionwasintrade,land,andreligion.WithmanycountriescompetingforCanadaatitsnewhome,theBritisheventuallymadeitanewpartofitsempire,withtheFrenchtakingasmallerpartinitsgoverningandinfluence.39．Theunderlinedword"migrated"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A．hunt B．travelled C．cycled D．settled40．WhofirstclaimedthelandinCanada?A．TheVikings B．JohnCabot C．JacquesCartier D．SamueldeChamplain41．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．peopleinCanadasharethesamecultureB．Canadahasahistoryofover12,000yearsC．theFrenchpeoplehadagreatinfluenceonCanadaD．theBritishhadpoweroverCanadathroughcompetitionsPart3读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Peterwalkedhomefromschool.Saltytearsrandownhischeeks,andhisstomachhurt.Hedidn'tknowwhattodo.Nokomiswaswaitingforhimonthefrontporch.''What'swrong,Biyen?''saidPeter'sgrandmother.BiyenwastheOjibwe(齐佩瓦人)nameforPeter,HecalledherNokomis,whichmeantgrandmother.Peterlookedup.''IhavetogiveapresentationwhereItalkaboutafamilytradition.Iknowwehavelotsofbeliefsandcustoms.Canyouremindmeofone?''Nokomissmiledandnoddedwithasmile.''Comewithme,''shesaidsoftly.PeterfollowedNokomis.Shewenttoacloset,stretchedtoreachthetopshelfandpulledoutasmallbox.ShehandedittoPeter,askinghimtoopenit.Peteropenedthebox.Presentbeforehimwasawoodenhoop(圈).Itwasintheshapeofacircle.Stringwaswovenandtwistedaroundthehoop.Itlookedlikeaspiderweb.Ablackbead(珠子)satnearthecenterwithfeathershangingfromthebottom.Seeingit,Peterwipedawayhistearsandsmiled.''Thisisadreamcatcher,''saidNokomis.''Ourpeoplehavemadetheseformanyyears.Circlesaresymbolsofunityandstrength.Let'shangitoveryourbedtonight.Itwillcatchyourbaddreamsintheweb,andyourgooddreamswillfallthroughthecenter.Maybeitwillgiveyoucouragetodoyourpresentation.''LookingatNokomis,Peteraskedwhetherhecouldtakethattoschool.Nokomisrefusedbecausethedreamcatcherwasextremelyprecious,whichmeantalottoher.Peterfeltdisappointedatherwordsbecausehewantedtosharethedreamcatcherwithhisclass,''Wecouldmakeyouone,''saidNokomis.''I'dlikethat!''criedPeterinexcitement.Withoutdelay,NokomisandPeterworkedtogetherandtheymadeadreamcatcher.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.至少使用五个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1:Thatnight,asPeterlookedatthedreamcatcheroverhisbed,hehadanidea.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:ThundersofapplauseexplodedafterPetergavethepresentation._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案Part1语法填空（一）1．related2．haverisen3．the4．traditional5．marking6．its7．where8．on9．is10．recognition【分析】这是一篇说明文。近年来，随着中国经济社会发展，一种新的潮流正在中国流行起来——“国潮”。文章介绍了什么是国潮以及“国潮”热由何而来，背后的意义。1．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据最近发布的一份报告，在生活资讯平台大众点评上，关于“国潮”的搜索量比去年同期增长了170%，评论也增长了近40%。分析句子，relate与其所修饰的名词之间是被动关系，可知此处要用过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词searches。故填related。2．考查时态。句意：根据最近发布的一份报告，在生活资讯平台大众点评上，关于“国潮”的搜索量比去年同期增长了170%，评论也增长了近40%。分析句子可知，此处是本句的谓语动词，主语是searches，根据fromthesameperiodlastyear可知此处时态是现在完成时。故填haverisen。3．考查冠词。句意：国潮在2018年成为众人关注的焦点。短语comeunderthespotlight“受到关注”，用定冠词the修饰名词spotlight，表示特指。故填the。4．考查形容词。句意：该系列不仅具有时尚的外观，还包含了中国传统文化的元素。根据名词Chineseculture可知此处要用形容词，作定语。故填traditional。5．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，该公司在2018年的营业收入增长了20%，这是该品牌自成立以来首次营收突破100亿元大关。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词recorded，且空前无连接词，可知此处要用现在分词，作结果状语。故填marking。6．考查代词。句意：因此，该公司在2018年的营业收入增长了20%，这是该品牌自成立以来首次营收突破100亿元大关。根据名词founding可知此处要用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。7．考查定语从句的关系词。句意：现在，国潮正进入下一阶段，在这个阶段，国潮的成功将首先依赖于获得文化自信，而非西方认可。分析句子可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是thenextstage，根据定语从句itssuccesswillrely中缺少状语，可知此处要用关系副词where。故填where。8．考查介词。句意：现在，国潮正进入下一阶段，在这个阶段，国潮的成功将首先依赖于获得文化自信，而非西方认可。固定短语relyon“依赖于”。故填on。9．考查时态。句意：无论国潮的趋势怎样发展，有一件事不会改变：“是人们对国家发展的积极态度，对民族文化的认同，更是文化自信的提升。”中国传媒大学经济与管理学院教授姚林青说道。根据主语是people’spositiveattitudetowardthecountry’sdevelopmentandtheir(recognize)ofandgrowingconfidenceinnationalculture，此处是谓语动词，描述事实，时态是一般现在时，抽象名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。故填is。10．考查名词。句意：无论国潮的趋势怎样发展，有一件事不会改变：“是人们对国家发展的积极态度，对民族文化的认同，更是文化自信的提升。”中国传媒大学经济与管理学院教授姚林青说道。根据形容词性物主代词their可知此处要用名词，recognition是不可数名词。故填recognition。（二）11．in12．learning13．found14．belief15．a16．words17．naturally18．wasignored19．their20．and【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍孔子的生平和事迹。11．考查介词。句意：孔子很早就对学术表现出浓厚的兴趣。短语showinterestin，意为“对……有兴趣”，根据句意，故填in。12．考查动名词。句意：“15岁时，我决心学习，”他后来告诉他的追随者。设空处为介词on的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填learning。13．考查时态。句意：他曾经在政府工作过，但作为一名教师却要成功得多。设空处为谓语动词，根据前半句可知时态为一般过去时，故填found。14．考查名词。句意：孔子打破了传统观念，认为所有人都能从教育中受益。设空处为介词in的宾语，应用名词形式，故填belief。15．考查冠词。句意：他支持终身学习，并吸引了一大批追随者，这些人都叫他孔夫子。短语awidecircleof，意为“广泛”，根据句意故填a。16．考查名词。句意：这些学生把他的话记录在《论语》中，这是一本收集谚语和思想的书。根据句意可知设空处为名词word，意为“话语”，根据语境，用复数形式，故填words。17．考查副词。句意：正如《论语》中所说，孔子认为，社会和谐自然会从个人之间的关系的适当排序而来，家庭单位是社会的基本组成部分。设空处修饰动词，应用副词作状语，故填naturally。18．考查时态语态。句意：孔子在他自己的时代基本上被忽视了。设空处为谓语，根据语境可知为一般过去时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，主语Confucius，谓语用单数，故填wasignored。19．考查代词。句意：公元前479年他去世时，他留下了大约3000名学生，他们致力于保存和传播他们的导师的思想。分析可知设空处修饰名词应用形容词性物主代词，故填their。20．考查连词。句意：《论语》指导政府和个人数千年，在此过程中影响了中国的历史和文明。设空处连接两个名词history，civilization，为并列关系，故填and。（三）21．arelocated22．that23．nearest24．followed25．What26．themselves27．sufferings28．a29．nationalities30．simply【分析】这是一篇说明文。加州被认为是美国最具多元文化的州，文章介绍了美国加州的历史及其多元文化的形成与发展。21．考查一般现在时和固定搭配。句意：像中国的青岛、上海和厦门一样，洛杉矶、旧金山和圣地亚哥也位于美国加州的海岸附近。belocated意为“位于”，为固定搭配。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。主语“LosAngeles,SanFranciscoandSanDiego”为复数。故填arelocated。22．考查it强调句。句意：1848年，美墨战争结束后不久，人们在加利福尼亚发现了黄金。去掉“itwas”和空格后句子完整，所以此处为it强调句。it强调句句式为“itbe+主语/宾语/状语+that/who+未强调部分”。此处强调时间状语“in1848”，所以应用that。故填that。23．考查最高级。句意：最近的，也是最先到达的是南美洲人和美国人，随后是来自欧洲和亚洲的冒险家。根据“andthereforethefirsttoarrive”可知，南美洲人和美国人是距离最近的。所以应用形容词near的最高级。故填nearest。24．考查过去分词。句意：最近的，也是最先到达的是南美洲人和美国人，随后是来自欧洲和亚洲的冒险家。动词follow意为“跟随”，和谓语之间没有连词，根据“byadventurers”可知，此处表示被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作状语。故填followed。25．考查名词性从句。句意：事实上，让那些寻找财富的人伤心的是，很少有人能实现他们的致富梦想。在主语从句“madethosewhosoughttheirfortuneheart-broken”中缺少主语，根据“fewachievedtheirdreamsofbecomingrich”可知，此处是指事情，所以应用连接代词what引导主语从句。句首首字母应大写。故填What。26．考查反身代词。句意：有些人死了或回家了，但大多数人留在加州谋生。此处宾语和主语指代相同，所以应用反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。27．考查名词复数。句意：尽管他们将面临各种各样的苦难，他们还是在新的城镇或农场定居下来。在介词with后作宾语应用名词suffering表示“苦难”，此处suffering为可数名词，在various(各种各样的)后应用复数形式。故填sufferings。28．考查冠词。句意：到1850年加州当选为美国第31个联邦州时，它已经是一个多元文化的社会。此处第一次提及“multiculturalsociety”，为泛指，所以应用不定冠词。故填a。29．考查名词复数。句意：人们相信，不久之后，各民族的混合将如此之大，以至于不会有明显的主要种族或文化群体，而只是多种种族和文化的混合。nationality意为“民族”，为可数名词，根据“themixof”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填nationalities。30．考查副词。句意：人们相信，不久之后，各民族的混合将如此之大，以至于不会有明显的主要种族或文化群体，而只是多种种族和文化的混合。此处省略了“therewillbe”，修饰be动词应用副词作状语。副词simply意为“仅仅，只是”。故填simply。Part2阅读理解（一）31．D32．B33．B34．C35．A【分析】本文为一篇说明文。作者认为过去的一些短语虽然现在还在使用，但是意思已经发生了变化，作者通过一个例子说明语言和文化是相连的。31．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Someoldphrasesandwordssimplyturnintotheacceptedusageswiththeirbackgroundsforgotten.”（一些旧的短语和单词只是变成了被接受的用法，忘记了它们的背景。）可知，这些人们对于这些短语的背景以及历史了解不够深入，选项D符合题意。故选D。32．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Althoughitoftenmakespeoplethinkoftheimageofagray-haired,oldergentleman,whogetsoutoftroublebecauseofhisage,itactuallymeansthatonepersonorabusinesshastherighttorefusethenewrules.”（虽然它经常让人们想到一个白发苍苍的年长绅士的形象，因为他的年龄而摆脱了麻烦，但它实际上意味着一个人或一家企业有权拒绝新规定。）可知，“grandfatheredin”这个短语现在用在一个人不受新规则的约束的时候。故选B。33．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段划线单词所在句子“Thelimitwaspotentbecauseexceptfortheoldandchildren,therewerecloseto30percentofyoungadultsinthetownwhohadlittleornoeducation.”（这个限制很有效，因为除了老人和孩子，镇上近30%的年轻人几乎没有受过教育。）以及后句“Beingstrongandenergetic,theymadeupanimportantpartofthetown’sdevelopment.”（他们身体强壮，精力充沛，是这个城市发展的重要组成部分。）可知，限制的效果是好的。因此选项B符合题意；故选B。34．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Thusa‘grandfatherclause(条款)’wasaddedtoallowilliteratestoparticipateaslongastheyortheirgrandfathershadoncebeenparticipants.Theclausenodoubthelpedremovetheunfairnessandbenefitedall.”（因此“祖父条款”被添加到允许文盲参与只要他们或他们的祖父曾经是参与者。这一条款无疑有助于消除不公平，使所有人受益。）可知，作者对于这条款是积极的态度。故选C。35．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Butevenascultureandtraditionchange,whetherwe’reawareofitornot,languagehasthepowertoholdourhistory.”（但即使文化和传统在改变，无论我们是否意识到，语言仍有力量保存我们的历史。）可知，作者想告诉我们语言和文化是相连的。故选A。（二）36．C37．A38．D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中医药的发展，推广和创新中医药已经成为中国社会的共识。36．细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Insomeaspectssuchassurgery,WesternmedicineisbetterthanTCM(在某些方面，如外科手术，西医优于中医)”可知，西医比中医在外科手术中更有效。故选C项。37．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ThefirstisthestrengtheningofTCMservicesinmedicalinstitutions.ThesecondistoapplyInternettechnologytoTCMmanagement(第一是加强医疗机构的中医服务。二是将互联网技术应用于中医药管理)”以及“ThethirdistogivebetterplaytotheadvantagesofTCM(三是更好发挥中医药优势)”可知，中国政府对中医药的支持是增加了医院和医疗中心的中医药服务，将互联网技术与中医药相结合以及更好地利用了中医药的优势，从而推知，中国政府对中医药的支持不包括呼吁公众支持中医药。故选A项。38．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据文章最后一段“AslongasTCMkeepsitscorestrengthsandrespectstherulesofdevelopmentandinnovation,itwillsurelybeabletomaintainitsvitalityandbringmorebenefitstopeopleinChinaandtheworld.(只要中医药保持核心优势，尊重发展和创新的规律，就一定能够保持活力，为中国人民和世界人民带来更多的利益)”可知，本文主要介绍了中医药的发展，推广和创新中医药已经成为中国社会的共识。D项“中医药开辟了新天地”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D项。（三）39．D40．C41．D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍加拿大的起源。39．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Canadahasgonethroughalonghistory.（加拿大有着悠久的历史）”和“NorthAmerica'sfirsthumans（北美洲的第一批人类）”以及“probablyoveraland