高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意课件

--主旨大意题高考英语阅读理解之目录出题背景及意图1题型特点及考题探究2出错原因及解题技巧3试题相关拓展4出题背景及意图相关核心素养及能力的考查《高中英语课程标准》《全国统一考试英语科考试说明》相关学科核心素养语言能力思维品格涉及语言知识、语言意识和语感、语言技能、交际策略等等包括分析、推理、判断、理性表达、用英语进行多元思维等活动能力考察考察能力考生要求分析、归纳文章段落大意、重要情节、人物特征、环境特点的能力把握主题、理解中心思想的能力总体上把握文章理解主题句或中心句概括、判断、归纳、推理《高中英语课程标准》--语言知识为例七级目标能理解文章主旨和作者意图九级目标能阅读一般性的英文报刊或杂志，从中获取主要信息能阅读一般英文原著，抓住主要情节八级目标能理解阅读材料中不同的观点和态度六级目标能从一般文字资料中获取主要信息《全国统一考试英语科考试说明》--考试要求听力阅读写作理解主旨和要义理解说话者的意图、观点和态度理解主旨和要义理解作者的意图、观点和态度概要写作：对原文要点的理解和呈现题型特点及考题探究在高考中的呈现题干表现形式具体范式在历年高考中的呈现题量相对稳定，需学生对文章的主旨大意进行综合、归纳和判断命题规律命题趋势考察数量趋于平衡，综合性变强，文章的行文跳跃性增强，隐含信息增多答案干扰性增强在新高考中的呈现0102题干表现形式主题型目的型标题型Themainideaofthepassageis__________Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Thepassageismainlyabout______________Thepassageismeantto_________Thepurposeofthearticleisto______________Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe_____________What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?具体范式Everyone’satit,evenmyneighbors.IthoughtImightbetheonlypersonleftintheworldwhohadn'tdoneaneBaydeal.So,Idecidedtotrymyhandatonlineauction(网上拍卖).Buyingforbeginners:Signuponwww.ehay.co.uk.Mostitems(e.g.tables,computers,andbooks)readyforauctionwillcomewithapictureandashortdescription;othersmaybemarkedwithBuyItNowandhaveafixedprice.Youcanbuytheserightaway.Iftheitemisbeingauctioned,youofferthehighestpriceyouarepreparedtopayandeBaybids(出价)foryou.Thebidwillbeincreasedlittlebylittleuntilitgoesbeyondyourhighestbid,thenyouareemailedandaskedifyouwouldliketobidagain.Auctionslastupto10daysandwhentheyfinishyougetanemailtellingyouwhetheryouhavewontheitem.具体范式Howtopay:Sellersdecidehowtheywouldliketobepaidandyouneedtocheckthisbeforeplacingabidasyoumightnotwanttopostachequeorpostalorders.TheeasiestwayisthroughPayPal,anonlinepaymentsystemthattakesthemoneyawayfromyourcreditcard.Howtosell:IfyouplantoselloneBay,ithelpstoincludeapictureoftheitem.Ifollowedmyfriends'adviceandputuptheitemsIwantedtosellfora10-dayauction,starringonaThursday.Thiswaybuyershadtwoweekendstobid.Thebigthingsinlife:It'seasytopostasmallitem,butfurnitureisabigpartofeBayandthishastobecollectedorsentbydeliverymen.Cheekthewaysofdeliverybeforeyoubid.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtomakepaymentonline.B.WaysofmakingdeliveryonlineC.Advantagesofanonline-auctionsystem.D.Howtouseanonline-auctionsystem.出错原因及解题技巧干扰项特点解题技巧干扰项特点01以偏概全干扰项只阐述了文章的部分内容，即局部信息02过于笼统归纳的主题太宽泛，与细节脱节或未对细节加以论述0403强加观点令读者根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视作者的见解04无中生有关键词虽出现但与内容无关解题技巧仔细审题，看好范围。正确选项的特点是：一般不出现细节信息；不含过于肯定或绝对的词语使用略读技巧，找到主题句1）转折词之后的句子很可能是主题句2）首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能是主题句3）作者反复强调的观点通常为主旨；反复出现的词语通常为关键词4）关注表示总结性、结论性的词标题的拟定方式是：以话题为核心，将控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句句意或中心思想的词组以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气或意图等其他深层次问题。试题相关拓展阅读理解—任务型阅读任务型阅读—概要写作概括能力的广泛应用写听说读任务型阅读小标题主题判断概要写作优质材料之间的重复利用各项能力的综合训练阅读理解---任务型阅读选取优质的阅读理解文章概括每一段的主要内容设

置成正确选项增加两个干扰选项任务型阅读素材试题改编IEveryone’satit,evenmyneighbors.IthoughtImightbetheonlypersonleftintheworldwhohadn'tdoneaneBaydeal.So,Idecidedtotrymyhandatonlineauction(网上拍卖)._______________:Signuponwww.ehay.co.uk.Mostitems(e.g.tables,computers,andbooks)readyforauctionwillcomewithapictureandashortdescription;othersmaybemarkedwithBuyItNowandhaveafixedprice.Youcanbuytheserightaway._______________:Iftheitemisbeingauctioned,youofferthehighestpriceyouarepreparedtopayandeBaybids(出价)foryou.Thebidwillbeincreasedlittlebylittleuntilitgoesbeyondyourhighestbid,thenyouareemailedandaskedifyouwouldliketobidagain.Auctionslastupto10daysandwhentheyfinishyougetanemailtellingyouwhetheryouhavewontheitem.试题改编I__________:Sellersdecidehowtheywouldliketobepaidandyouneedtocheckthisbeforeplacingabidasyoumightnotwanttopostachequeorpostalorders.TheeasiestwayisthroughPayPal,anonlinepaymentsystemthattakesthemoneyawayfromyourcreditcard.__________:IfyouplantoselloneBay,ithelpstoincludeapictureoftheitem.Ifollowedmyfriends'adviceandputuptheitemsIwantedtosellfora10-dayauction,starringonaThursday.Thiswaybuyershadtwoweekendstobid.__________:It'seasytopostasmallitem,butfurnitureisabigpartofeBayandthishastobecollectedorsentbydeliverymen.Cheekthewaysofdeliverybeforeyoubid.A.HowtopayB.ThebigthingsinlifeC.BuyingforbeginnersD.HowtosellE.HowtobidF.Theonline-auctionsystemG.Howtodeliver任务型阅读---概要写作选取小标题型的任务型阅读去掉每一段的小标题合并或重新组合段落添加补充细节信息概要写作素材试题改编IIEveryone’satit,evenmyneighbors.IthoughtImightbetheonlypersonleftintheworldwhohadn'tdoneaneBaydeal.So,Idecidedtotrymyhandatonlineauction(网上拍卖).Ifyouareagreenhand,signuponwww.ehay.co.uk.Mostitems(e.g.tables,computers,andbooks)readyforauctionwillcomewithapictureandashortdescription;othersmaybemarkedwithBuyItNowandhaveafixedprice.Youcanbuytheserightaway.Iftheitemisbeingauctioned,youofferthehighestpriceyouarepreparedtopayandeBaybids(出价)foryou.Thebidwillbeincreasedlittlebylittleuntilitgoesbeyondyourhighestbid,thenyouareemailedandaskedifyouwouldliketobidagain.Auctionslastupto10daysandwhentheyfinishyougetanemailtellingyouwhetheryouhavewontheitem.试题改编IISellersdecidehowtheywouldliketobepaidandyouneedtocheckthisbeforeplacingabidasyoumightnotwanttopostachequeorpostalorders.TheeasiestwayisthroughPayPal,anonlinepaymentsystemthattakesthemoneyawayfromyourcreditcard.IfyouplantoselloneBay,ithelpstoincludeapictureoftheitem.Ifollowedmyfriends'adviceandputuptheitemsIwantedtosellfor