英语新外研必修三讲义MODULE1SECTIONⅠINTRODUCTIONREADING-PREREADING

TheEiffelTowerwasbuiltfortheInternationalExhibitionofParisin1889inhonorofthe100thanniversary(周年纪念)oftheFrenchRevolution.ThePrinceofWales,laterKingEdwardofEngland,openedthetower.Ofthe700worksinadesignpetition,GustavoEiffel'swaschosen.However,noteveryoneagreedwithItwastheworld'stallestbuildinguntil1930.Duringitslifetime,theEiffelTowerhasseenafewstrangescenes,includingbeingclimbedbyamountaineerin1954,beingparachuted(跳伞)offin1984bytwoEnglishmen,andbeingriddendownfromthefirstlevelbyajournalistonabicyclein1923.However,evenifitsbirthwasdifficult,itisnowpletelyacceptedandmustbelistedasoneofthesymbolsofParisitself.Thetowerhasthreeplatforms(平台).ThetopplatformhasabarandtheofficeofGustavoEiffel.Fromitsplatforms—especiallythehighest—theviewofParisiswonderful.Itisgenerallyagreedthatonehourbeforesunset,theviewisatitsbest.TheEiffelToweratnightisoneofthegreatestsightsofParisandshouldn'tbemissed.Thegoldenlightsshowthebeautyofthesteelworkinawaythatcan'tbeseeninthedaylight.Section_ⅠIntroduction&Reading—Pre­readingeq\a\vs4\al([原文呈现])GreatEuropeanCitiesPARISParisisthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,situated①ontheRiverSeine②.Itisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworldandisvisitedbymorethan③eightmilliontouristseveryyear.Themostpopular④placefortouristsistheEiffelTower⑤，thefamoussymbol⑥ofParis⑦.Oneoftheworld'slargestartgalleries⑧，theLouvre⑨，isalsolocated⑩inParis.Thecityisalsofamousfor⑪itsrestaurants,cafésandtheatres.Abouttwo­thirds⑫ofFrance'sartistsandwritersliveinParis.BARCELONA⑬BarcelonaisthesecondlargestcityofSpainandissituatedonthenortheastcoast,aboutfivehundredkilometreseastoftheSpanishcapital,Madrid.OneofBarcelona'smostfamouslandmarks⑭istheChurchoftheSagradaFamilia⑮，whichwasdesignedby⑯anarchitect⑰calledAntonioGaudi⑱.Gaudiworkedon⑲theproject⑳from1882untilhisdeathin1926.Thechurchhasn'tbeenfinishedyet！eq\a\vs4\al([读文清障])①situated/'sItʃuˌeItId/adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的(＝located)besituatedon/in/at位于……，坐落在……②Seine/seIn/塞纳河(法国)③morethan多于；超过④popularadj.受欢送的bepopularwith受……欢送⑤EiffelTower/ˌaIfl'taʊə(r)/埃菲尔铁塔⑥symbol/'sImbl/n.象征；符号⑦thefamoussymbolofParis作theEiffelTower的同位语。⑧gallery/'ɡæləri/n.美术馆；画廊⑨Louvre/'luːvr/卢浮宫⑩located/ləʊ'keItId/adj.位于⑪befamousfor因……而知名⑫分数表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，分母用复数。⑬Barcelona/ˌbɑːsl'əʊnə/巴塞罗那⑭landmark/'lændˌmɑːk/n.标志性建筑⑮SagradaFamilia/sæ'ɡrɑːdʌfə'miːliə/(西班牙)圣家大教堂⑯bedesignedby由……设计bedesignedfor专为……设计⑰architect/'ɑːkIˌtekt/n.建筑师⑱which...是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰theChurchofthsSagradaFamilia，从句中过去分词短语called...作后置定语，修饰anarchitect。⑲workon从事；致力于⑳project/'prɒdʒekt/n.方案；工程；工程欧洲的大城市巴黎巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。它是世界上最漂亮的城市之一，每年有超过800万名的游客前来参观。最受游客欢送的旅游景点是埃菲尔铁塔，它是巴黎著名的象征。世界上最大的艺术馆之一——卢浮宫，也位于巴黎。这个城市也以餐馆、咖啡馆和剧院而著名。法国约三分之二的艺术家和作家居住在巴黎。巴塞罗那巴塞罗那是西班牙的其次大城市，位于东北海岸线上，距离首都马德里东部约500公里。巴塞罗那最著名的标志性建筑之一是圣家大教堂，由建筑师安东尼奥·高迪设计。高迪从1882年起从事这项工程直至1926年逝世。教堂至今还未完工！FLORENCEeq\o(○,\s\up1(21))FlorenceisanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseofeq\o(○,\s\up1(22))theRenaissanceeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))，agreatartisticmovementwhichbeganinthe1300sandlastedforthreehundredyearseq\o(○,\s\up1(24)).DuringtheRenaissance,someofthegreatestpaintersofalltimeeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))livedandworkedinFlorence.ManyofFlorence'smostbeautifulpaintingsandsculptureseq\o(○,\s\up1(26))wereproducedbygreatartistssuchaseq\o(○,\s\up1(27))LeonardodaVinciandMichelangelo.Florenceisvisitedeachyearbyaboutamilliontouristswhoetoseetheartgalleries,churchesandmuseumseq\o(○,\s\up1(28)).TheUffiziPalaceeq\o(○,\s\up1(29))isthemostfamousartgalleryinthecity.eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))Florence/'flɒrns/佛罗伦萨eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))becauseof由于；由于(后可接名词、代词或动名词)eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))theRenaissance文艺复兴eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))定语从句whichbecamefamous修饰anItaliancity；定语从句whichbegan...andlasted...修饰agreatartisticmovement。两个which在从句中均作主语，不能省略。eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))ofalltime有史以来eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))sculpture/'skʌlptʃə/n.雕刻；泥塑eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))suchas例如；诸如……之类eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))who引导定语从句，修饰amilliontourists，在从句中作主语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))UffiziPalace/juː'fItsi'pælIs/乌菲齐美术馆ATHENSeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))Athens,thecapitalofGreeceeq\o(○,\s\up1(31))，isknownaseq\o(○,\s\up1(32))thebirthplaceeq\o(○,\s\up1(33))ofwesterncivilisationeq\o(○,\s\up1(34)).Twothousandfourhundredyearsago,itwastheworld'smostpowerfulcity.BuildingssuchastheParthenoneq\o(○,\s\up1(35))ontheAcropoliseq\o(○,\s\up1(36))Hillwerebuiltduringthisperiod.Greece'sbestwriterslivedinancienteq\o(○,\s\up1(37))Athens.Theirworkeq\o(○,\s\up1(38))hasinfluencedeq\o(○,\s\up1(39))otherwriterseversinceeq\o(○,\s\up1(40)).eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))Athens/'æθnz/雅典eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))thecapitalofGreece作Athens的同位语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))beknownas＝(befamousas)作为……而知名/著名eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))birthplace/'bɜːθˌpleIs/n.发源地eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))civilisation/ˌsIvəlaI'zeIʃn/n.文明eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))Parthenon/'pɑːθnən/帕台农神庙eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))Acropolis/ə'krɒpəlIs/雅典卫城eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))ancient/'eInʃnt/adj.古代的eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))workn．(艺术)作品常用复数works。eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))influencev．影响eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))eversince自从……始终(与完成时连用)佛罗伦萨佛罗伦萨是一座因文艺复兴而著名的意大利城市，文艺复兴这场宏大的艺术运动始于14世纪并且持续了300年。在文艺复兴时期，历史上一些最宏大的画家在佛罗伦萨生活和工作。佛罗伦萨很多最美的画作和雕像都出自像列奥纳多·达·芬奇和米开朗琪罗这样的艺术。佛罗伦萨每年大约有100万旅游者来访，他们都是来参观艺术馆、教堂和博物馆的。其中，乌菲齐美术馆是这个城市最著名的艺术长廊。雅典雅典是希腊的首都，作为西方文明的发源地而著名于世。2400年前，它是世界上最强大的城市。一些诸如雅典卫城山上的帕台农神庙之类的建筑都是在这一时期建筑的。希腊最优秀的作家就生活在古雅典城。他们的作品影响了后世的作家。Pre­readingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．across A．n.文明2．face B．n.象征；符号3．range C．prep.横过；穿过4．symbol D．vt.面对；面对5．architect E．n.山脉6．project F．n.建筑师7．sculpture G．n.发源地8．birthplace H．n.方案；工程；工程9．civilisation I．n.雕刻；泥塑10．ancient J．adj.古代的1～5____________6～10____________答案：1～5CDEBF6～10HIGAJLead­inDoyouknowthelandmarks'namesinthepictures?Whichcountrydoeseachofthembelongto?Trytofillintheform.LandmarksABCDNames①________②________③________④________CitiesParisAthensFlorenceBarcelonaCountries⑤________Greece⑥________⑦________答案：①TheEiffelTower②TheParthenon③TheUffiziPalace④TheSagradaFamilia⑤France⑥Italy⑦SpainWhile­readingFast­readingReadthetextquicklyandmatchthesentences.1．ParisA．isknownasthebirthplaceofwesterncivilisation.2．Barcelona B．isthecapitalandlargestcityinFrance.3．FlorenceC．isthesecondlargestcityofSpain.4．Athens D．isanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseoftheRenaissance.1～4____________答案：1～4BCDACareful­reading(Ⅰ)True(T)orFalse(F)．1．TheEiffelTowerT__3．BarcelonaF__F__T__6．TheUffiziPalace(Ⅱ)Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheelement(要素)tomakeParisfamous?A．TheEiffelB．TheLouvre.C．Itsrestaurants,cafésandtheatres.D．TheartistsandwriterslivinginParis.2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutBarcelona?A．ItisthelargestcityofSpain.B．ItisthecapitalcityofSpain.C．TheChurchoftheSagradaFamiliaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksofthecity.D．TofinishtheChurchoftheSagradaFamiliatookthearchitect20years.3．FlorenceisfamousformanythingsEXCEPT________.A．theRenaissanceB．thelandscapeofthecityC．manygreatartistsandtheirworksD．someartgalleries,churchesandmuseums4．InwhichwaymentionedinthetextwasAthensdifferentfromtheotherthreecities?A．Itisthecapitalcityandthebirthplaceofthecivilisation.B．Twothousandfourhundredyearsago,itwastheworld'smostpowerfulcity.C．TherearemanyfamousbuildingsinAthens.D．ManywriterslivinginAthenshaveinfluencedotherwriterswiththeirwork.5．Howmanyofthefourcitiesmentionedinthetextarecapitalcities?A．One. B．Two.C．Three. D．Four.答案：1～5DCBBBStudy­readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．OneofBarcelona'smostfamouslandmarksistheChurchoftheSagradaFamilia,whichwasdesignedbyanarchitectcalledAntonioGaudi.[句式分析][尝试翻译]巴塞罗那最著名的标志性建筑之一是圣家大教堂，由建筑师安东尼奥·高迪设计。2．FlorenceisanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseoftheRenaissance,agreatartisticmovementwhichbeganinthe1300sandlastedforthreehundredyears.[句式分析][尝试翻译]佛罗伦萨是一座因文艺复兴而著名的意大利城市，文艺复兴这场宏大的艺术运动始于14世纪并且持续了300年。Ⅰ.阅读理解AMusicfestivalsinEuropeVisitingafestivalabroadcanbeagreatreasontotravelandawaytoexperiencedifferentcultures.Thesedaysthereissuchanumberofchoicesthatit'spossibletospendthewholesummerwatchinglivemusicinexcitingplaces.Ofcourse,it'salsoachancetomeetpeoplefromacrosstheworld.Melt!FestivalThisfestivaltakesplaceonthesiteofanopenairmuseumforindustrialmachinery.There'salsoalakewhichcanbeusedforswimmingwhenit'shot.Thisyear'sline­uphasover120differentbands(乐队).Around90%ofthepeopleattendingthefestivalareGermansprovidingaperfectchancetopractisespeakingthelanguage.ExitFestivalSetonthebanksoftheDanubeinanoldfortress(城堡),thefestivalbeganasawaytoshowpeople'sdissatisfactionwiththegovernment.Thesedaysit'slesspolitical(政治的)butstillworriesaboutpeoplewhoarepoor,ill,old,etc.andtriestohelpthem.Thisyear'sfestivalwillhostmanyfamousbands.Fromelectronicmusicanddancemusictohardrock,thereissomethingforeveryonetoenjoy.BelladrumTartanHeartFestivalSetonaScottishestate(庄园)nearInverness,thisyearBelladrumwillweleartistsfromaroundtheworld.Themostenjoyablepartoftheweekendistheceilidh(traditionalScottishdanceandparty)whichisalwaysalivelyevent.Itdoesn'tevenmatterifyou'reabeginnerbecausethebandteachesyoueachdance.Open'erFestival,PolandHeldinanairfieldnearthenortherncityofGdansk,eachyearOpen'erhasaseriouslygoodselectionofbands.Thisyearisnoexception,withmanyfamousbandssettoplay.Notonlyarethereamazingartists,butbothPolandandthefestivalitselfalsoprovideveryexcellentvalueformoney.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了欧洲的四个音乐节。)1．WhatisspecialaboutMelt!Festival?A．ItprovidesGermanlessons.B．Itisheldbyalocalmuseum.C．Thebandsarefrom120countries.D．MostofthefestivalgoersareGermans.解析：选D细节理解题。由Melt!Festival,Germany局部中的“Around90%ofthepeopleattendingthefestivalareGerman〞可知答案。2．WhydidExitFestivalbegin?A．Forpoliticalreasons.B．Forpersonalreasons.C．Tohelpstopafight.D．Toofferhelptothepoor.解析：选A细节理解题。由ExitFestival,Serbia局部中的“thefestivalbeganasawaytoshowpeople'sdissatisfactionwiththegovernment.Thesedaysit'slesspolitical(政治的)〞可知，该音乐节最初是为了抗议政府产生的。3．WhatmakesBelladrumTartanHeartFestivaldifferentfromtheothers?A．Itfallsinsummer.B．Itisalivemusicfestival.C．ItteachespeopleScottishdances.D．Itinvitesthemostfamousbands.解析：选C细节理解题。由BelladrumTartanHeartFestival,Scotland局部中的“Themostenjoyablepartoftheweekendistheceilidh(traditionalScottishdanceandparty)〞和“thebandteachesyoueachdance〞可知，在该音乐节，人们可以学跳苏格兰舞蹈。BAsaboygrowingupinIndia,Ihadlongedtotravelabroad.IusedtolistentothestoriesmyfatherwouldtellmeabouthisstayinCanadaandtourstoEuropeinthe1970s,withgreatinterest.Mybigmomentfinallycameinthesummerof1998whenIwasabletoacpanymyparentstoEurope,wheremyfatherwastoattendameeting.WeplannedtotraveltoBelgium,NetherlandsandWestGermany.IhavevividmemorieseventodayofgoingtoMumbaiairportatnightallexcitedaboutfinallygoingabroad.IhadheardseveralgreatthingsaboutLufthansatillthenbutnowIfinallygottoexperiencethemfirsthand,duringtheflighttoFrankfurt.WeflewbusinessclassandeventodayIcanremembertheexcellentservicebytheLufthansacrew.Theflightwasreallysmoothandthoroughlyenjoyable,evenforsomeonelikeme,whoisotherwisescaredofflying.AfterspendingalmosttwoweeksinEurope,wetooktheLufthansaairportexpressfromDusseldorftoFrankfurtairport,forourreturnflight.Whatajourneythatwas!AllalongtheRhine(莱茵河),itwassimplyanunforgettableexperience.IwasinasombremoodontheflightbacktoMumbaiasitmarkedtheendofawonderfulvacation,buttheLufthansacrewmemberswereabletochangeitintoamostenjoyableexperienceyetagain,withthequalityoftheirservice.Beingthefirstairlinetotakemeoverseas,Lufthansawillalwaysholdaspecialplaceinmyheart.Eventoday,IcontinuetoenjoyflightsonLufthansaandsimplycannotdreamofchoosinganyotherairline.Flying,ingeneral,forme,hasalwaysbeenanordeal(terribleandpainfulexperience).FlyingonLufthansa,however,issomethingIalwayshaveandalwayswilllookforwardto.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者给我们叙述了他第一次去欧洲的难忘旅行。)4．Whichcountrydoestheauthorliveinnow?A．India. B．Canada.C．Belgium. D．Germany.解析：选A细节理解题。依据第一段第一句以及最终一段“Beingthefirstairlinetotakemeoverseas...〞可分析，作者生活的国度是在印度(India)。应选A。5．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheauthor'striptoEuropein1998?A．Theauthortraveledwithoneofhisparents.B．Boththeirgoingandreturnarebyair.C．Theytraveledinspringthatyear.D．TheystayedinEuropefornearlytwomonths.解析：选B细节理解题。A项错在与事实“和父母双亲一起去的〞不符；C项错在与事实“他们是在夏季去的〞不符；D项错在与事实“在欧洲待了两个星期〞不符。B项与文章吻合，应选B。6．ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatLufthansais________.A．acityinIndia B．acityinEuropeC．anairlinepany D．atravelagency解析：选C推理推断题。通过后三段内容不难看出，此为一家航空公司的名称(德国汉莎航空公司)。应选C。7．Theunderlinedword“sombre〞inthe4thparagraphprobablymeans“________〞．A．happy B．sadC．angry D．enjoyable解析：选B词义猜想题。想到开心的旅行就要结束，其心情自然不好，应选B项。依据后半句“但德国汉莎航空公司却以其高质量的效劳使得‘我’这一返程旅行转变为：“amostenjoyableexperience〞也可推知。CIn1909,whenTatianawasjust11yearsold,herparentsandolderbrothertraveledtotheUnitedStates.Becausethefamilycouldnotaffordtobuyheraticket,shehadtoremaininRussia.Shehadlivedwithheruncleforalmostayearinasmallhousebeforethespecialletterarrivedfromherfather.“DearTatiana，〞hewrote.“Atlastwehaveearnedenoughmoneytopayforyourticket.AfteryoujoinusinNewYork,wewilltravelbytraintoaplacecalledSouthDakotawherewehaveboughtafarm.〞Aweeklater,Tatiana'suncleusedthemoneyherfatherhadsenttobuyheraticketfortheLouisaJane,asteamshipthatwasleavingforAmerica.Althoughshewaslonelyandmissedherfamily,TatianaquicklymadefriendswiththeotherchildrenontheLouisaJane.Together,theyinventedgamesthatcouldbeplayedontheship,andtheyranaroundthedecks(甲板)．Thenextday,asTatianawaswalkingalongthedeck,sheheardsomeofthepassengerstalkingabouttheStatueofLiberty(自由女神像).Thisconversationmadeherpuzzled(困惑的)becausesheknewthatlibertywasanidea.Noonecouldseeortouchit,sohowcouldyoumakeastatueofliberty?Whensheaskedherfriend'sfather.Mr.Dimitrivitch,heexplainedthatthestatuelookedlikeawoman,butitstoodforfreedom(自由).ThisexplanationjustmadeTatianamoreinterestedinthestatue.Onemorning,Tatianawokeuptothesoundofwildshouting.Sheranupstairsandfoundallthepassengerswerecrowdedontothedeck.TheshoutswerereallycriesofexcitementbecausetheLouisaJanehadfinallyreachedtheUnitedStates.WhenTatianarealizedthatshewouldsoonseeherfamilyagain,shejoinedinwithshoutsofherown.Mr.Dimitrivitchhadtoldherthatthestatuestoodforfreedom,andshefinallyunderstoodwhathemeant.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了Tatiana离开俄罗斯移民前往开头她的新生活的故事。8．WhydidTatianastayinRussia?A．Shelovedhermotherland.B．Sheneededtotakecareofheruncle.C．Herparentswantedhertomanagethefarm.D．Herparentsweretoopoortobuyheraticket.解析：选D细节理解题。依据第一段中的“Becausethefamilycouldnotaffordtobuyheraticket,shehadtoremaininRussia.〞可知，Tatiana留在俄罗斯是由于她的父母买不起她的船票。9．WhathappenedtoTatianaonthesea?A．Shehadagoodtime.B．ShemissedherlifeinRussia.C．Shekilledtimebywatchingthesea.D．ShewaslookedafterbyMr.Dimitrivitch.解析：选A细节理解题。依据其次段中的“Tatianaquicklymadefriends...andtheyranaroundthedecks(甲板)〞可知，Tatiana在船上度过了欢快的时间。10．HowdidTatianafeelwhenshesawthestatue?A．Proud. B．Excited.C．Puzzled. D．Surprised.解析：选B推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Theshoutswerereallycriesofexcitement...shejoinedinwithshoutsofherown.〞可知，Tatiana在看到自由女神像后也参加到了人群兴奋的呼喊声中。11．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．ThevalueoffreedomB．TheStatueofLibertyC．JourneytoanewlifeD．Tatiana'slifeinAmerica解析：选C标题归纳题。依据文中Tatiana离开俄罗斯乘船到和父母团聚的故事及最终一段中的“WhenTatianarealized...andshefinallyunderstoodwhathemeant.〞可知，Tatiana的海上旅程结束后，她的新生活就开头了，故C项为最正确标题。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Birthorderplaysavitalroleinde