湖南省2022年高中学业水平合格考英语试卷真题及答案详解

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2022湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语第一部分

阅读技能（共两节，满分45分）第一节

阅读理解（共12小题；每小题3分,满分36分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANewappsprovidemoresourcesofinformationandbringconvenience.Herearesomeofthenewestfreeapps.Ifyouareinterested,downloadthemtoyoursmartphone!iEDUItallowsstudentstosearchforiEDUadvisingcenterinformation,whereyoucandiscoverneweducationalinformation,aid,opportunitiesandadvice.IndieShuffleItallowsyoutolookthroughlesser-knownartists’music.Youcansavesongsorartistsyoulikeandfindbandswithsimilarsounds.BrainPOPBrainPOPmixeslearningandtechnologyinafunandsimpleway.ItisfreeandteachesyousomethingnewinEnglisheveryday.TodoistItisatimesaver,anapphelpingyoumanageyourtime,addataskandevenassigntaskstootherpeoplewhoneedaquickreminder!1．WhoisiEDUmainlyintendedfor?A．Workers. B．Doctors. C．Students. D．Drivers.2．Whatwillyouchoosetodownloadifyouareamusiclover?A．iEDU. B．IndieShuffle. C．BrainPOP. D．Todoist.3．BrainPOPmixeslearningandtechnologyina(n)_______way.A．interesting B．boring C．difficult D．cheap4．TodoistcanhelpyoudothefollowingthingsEXCEPT________.A．addatask B．manageyourtimeC．assigntaskstoothers D．teachyouEnglishBItwasabouttenyearsagoonacoldwinterday.Iwaswalkingovertovisitmydadwhenitbeganrainingheavily.Althoughhishousewasonlyashortwalkfrommine,Iwaswetalloveranditchilled(使冰冷)mybones.Iknockedonhisdoorandsteppedin.Warmsteamwasfloatingfromthekitchen.Ittouchedmynose,andsuddenly,Iwas8yearsoldagain.DadwasmakingNana’sspecialsauce.WhenIwasgrowingup,NanawouldmakeusanItalianfeasteverySunday.Shewouldslowlycookherspaghetti(意大利面)sauceforhours.Thenshewoulddropinpotatoes,chicken,meatballs,sausageandsometimesevensteak.Whenitwasdone,wewouldmixitinthespaghetti,fixtheplatesandsprinkle(洒)itonthecheese.Italwaysleftourbelliesfull,ourheartshappyandthehousesmellingheavenly.IsatdownwhileDadmademeaplate.ItfeltsogoodhavingameallikeweusedtowhenIwasaboy.Wetalkedaboutthoseoldtimes,mywarm-heartedauntandlaughedoverthememories,bothgoodandbad.Ididn’tfeelcoldanymore.DadandNanahavebeengoneforyearsnow.Istillmissthembotheverysingleday.AlthoughmydaughterandIbothknowhowtomakeNana’sspecialsauce,wedon’tcookitasoftenaswecould.MaybeitisbecausenomatterhowhardItry,Icannevergetit100percentright.MaybeitwasjustthelovewithwhichNanaandDadcookeditthatmadeitsodelicious.Eitherway,thiswinter,I’mgoingtomakesomeagain.5．Howwastheauthorfeelingonhiswaytohisfather’shouse?A．Excited. B．Cold. C．Tired. D．Warm.6．WhatcanwelearnabouttheItalianfeastwhentheauthorwasgrowingup?A．Itwasniceanddelicious. B．Hehadtomakeitbyhimself.C．Thespaghettiwasmixedwitheverything. D．Heneverfeltfullafterit.7．Nanawasmostprobablytheauthor’s_________.A．sister B．wife C．aunt D．daughter8．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ATravelinWinter B．MyCookingExperienceC．NanaandMyDad D．SpecialSaucewithLoveCLikemanyothernaturaldisasters,floodscanhappenwithnowarning.Theymovequickly,pulltreesoutoftheground,destroybuildingsandhurtpeople.Beingcaughtinafloodisdangerous,notonlybecausethereissomuchwaterandit’smovingquickly,butalsobecauseofwhatthewateriscarrying.Debris(残骸)inthecurrentcaninjureanyoneinthefloodwater,makingswimmingmoredifficult.Tosurviveaflashflood,keepthefollowingthingsinyourmind.Ifafloodwarningisissued,trytofindashelterimmediately.Nevertrytowalk,swimordrivethroughfloodwaters.Avoidbridgesthatcrossrapidlymovingwater,asfloodwaterscancausebridgestobreak.Stayinsideacarthatistrappedinfast-movingwater.Onlygetoutifthewaterbeginstofloodthecar,andthenmovetotheroofofit.Avoidpowerlines.Aknocked-downpowerlinecancausesurroundingwatertobecomecharged,leadingtoinjuryListentothebroadcastforfurtherinstructionsbeforegettingawayfromthefloodsuccessfully.Theresultsofafloodcanbejustasdeadly.Itcancausepowerfailureandtrafficjams,andbreakdowncommunication.Inaddition,itmaynotbepossibletodeliverfoodandwatertothefloodedarea.Aftertheflood,returntoyourhomeonlyafterlocalgovernmentshavesaiditissafetodoso.Usebottledorboiledwaterfordrinkingandcooking.Andavoiddrivingthroughfloodedareasandwalkingaloneoutsideatnight.9．Whenaflashfloodhappens,youshould_______.A．trytowalk,swimordrivethroughfloodwatersB．choosethebridgesthatcrossrapidlymovingwaterC．getoutofacarthatistrappedinfast-movingwaterD．avoidpowerlines10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?A．Thecar. B．Thebridge.C．Thehouse. D．Thepowerline.11．Aftertheflood,itissafeto_____.A．gobacktoyourhomequickly B．usebottledorboiledwaterC．drivethroughfloodedareas D．walkaloneoutsideatnight12．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Adiary. B．Astorybook.C．Anewspaper. D．Atravelguidebook.第二节

小标题填空（共3小题：每小题3分，满分9分）下面文章中有3处（第13~15题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C和D）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题卡上将相应选项的标号涂黑，选项中有一项是多余选项。ProperWaystoStayHappyHappinesscanseemreallyhardtofind,especiallygiventheuncertainty(变化无常)inourworldrightnow.However,thekeytostayinghappyoftenliesinyourthoughts,decisionsanddailyhabits.____13____Takenoticeofallthepeoplewhoappearinyourlife.Askyourselfwhetherthesepeoplereallymakeyouhappy.Ifyoustaywithlovingandpositivepeople,youwilllikelyhavegreatfun.Spendtimepursuingyourpassion.Thinkaboutwhatreallymakesyouhappy.Doyourbesttomeasureoutsometimeinyourschedulefortheseinterests.Ifyouspendyourtimedoingthingsyouenjoy,youwillexperiencealotmorehappinessinthelongrun.____14____Searchonlineforvolunteeropportunitiesinyourarea.Lookforcharitiesandorganizationsthatsupportcausesyoubelievein.Ifyoudonateyourtimeandmoneytohelpingothers,youcanfeelmorethanhappythatyouhavemadeadifference.____15____Takeafewminuteseachdaytogetinworkout,whetherit’srunning,swimmingorjogging.Whenyoudosports,yourbrainreleases(释放)severalchemicals,leavingyoufeelinghappy.Themoreregularexerciseyoutake,thehappierpersonyouwillfindyourself.A．Exerciseonaregularbasis.B．Stayoutifyouarefeelingstressed.C．Spendyourfreetimehelpingothers.D．Surroundyourselfwithcaringandlovingpeople.第二部分

知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节

完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JenniferJones,ateenagegirl,toldfriendsinhermorningPElessonthatshewasfeelingunwell.Shethenpassedoutandwasrushedto___16___.Jenniferwasfoundtohavedangerouslylowbloodsugarlevelsandwas___17___immediatelybydoctors.Herworriedparentstoldthedoctorthattheirdaughter___18___breakfastthatdayandhardlytouchedherdinnerthenightbefore.Actually,Jenniferhadnoteatenbreakfastformonthsbecauseshethoughtskippingmealswasasimplewaytoreachhertarget___19___.Therefore,shealwayshadtroubleconcentratinginclass.___20___,sheisnowoutofdanger.Jennifer’scaseisareminderofthedangersoftheunhealthyweight-losshabits.Nowadays,beingthinisoftenseenasbeingbeautiful,___21___teenagerssometimesturntoextrememethodsto___22___quickly.Accordingtoarecentsurveyofseniorhighschoolstudents’lifestyles,almost20%ofteenagersregularlyskipmeals,10%over-exerciseand4%even___23___weight-lossmedicine.Healthexpertsareconcernedaboutthesefigures.Also,theypointoutthatitisimportanttohaveahealthybalanced___24___sinceteenagersarestillgrowingandtheirbodiesneedalotofnutritiontofunctionwell.What’smore,theyshouldkeepregularhoursandgetplentyofexercisetostay___25___andhealthy.16．A．hospital B．school C．church D．gym17．A．praised B．treated C．punished D．taught18．A．enjoyed B．shared C．missed D．prepared19．A．height B．width C．weight D．length20．A．Sadly B．Suddenly C．Regretfully D．Fortunately21．A．so B．because C．but D．if22．A．slimdown B．breakdown C．showup D．makeup23．A．avoid B．sell C．make D．take24．A．sleep B．diet C．time D．speed25．A．tired B．lazy C．energetic D．busy第二节

语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。TuYouyouisthefirstfemalescientistofthePeople’sRepublicofChinatoreceivetheNobelPrizeforhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria.TuYouyouwasborn___26___1930,inNingbo,ZhejiangProvince.She___27___(study)medicineatuniversityinBeijingbetween1951and1955.Aftergraduation,shecompletedmanyfurthertraining___28___(course)intraditionalChinesemedicine.Hereducationwassoontoprovevery___29___(use).In1969,shebecameheadof___30___teamintendingtofindacureformalaria.Theyworkeddayandnight.Twoyearslater,theysucceededin___31___(make)qinghaoextract,whichcouldtreatmalariainmice.Tospeeduptheprocessoftrialsonpatientsandensure___32___(it)safety,herteamvolunteeredtotestqinghaoextractonthemselvesfirst.Throughtrialanderror,they___33___(final)discoveredqinghaosu___34___isthemosteffectivepartofqinghaoextract.Sincethen,ithasbenefitedabout200millionmalariapatients.InherNobelLecture,TuYouyouencouragedscientists______35______(explore)thetreasurehouseoftraditionalChinesemedicineandraiseittoahigherlevel.第三部分

写作技能（共两节，满分30分）第一节

双向翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。FriendshipisanimportantthemeofMarkTwain’smasterpieceAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.ItformsbetweenHuckFinnandJim,whoappeartobeanunlikelypair.Huck是一位可怜的白人男孩____36____.Hisfatheroftenbeatshim.Jimisablackslavewholongstobefree.Oneday,Huckrunsawayfromhometoanisland.TherehemeetsJimandmakesfriendswithhim.____37____ThentheyleavetheislandtogetheronaraftthattheyfindontheMississippiRiver.TheyheadnorthtothestateofIllinoiswhereJimcanbecomefree.Thehighpointofthestorycomes____38____whenHuckisfacedwiththedecisionofwhethertohandJimovertosomeslavecatchers.Intheend,HuckdecidesthatJimisafriendwhoisalwayscaringandhelpful,and他不可能放弃Jim.____39____Fromthisstorywecanseethatfriendsarepeoplewhosupportusthroughthickandthin.Weneedthemandshouldvaluethemforever.____40____第二节

情景作文（共1小题，满分20分）41．假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Mike给你发了一封邮件，表达了他对中国端午节的浓厚兴趣。请根据下面的信息，写一封邮件，向他介绍端午节的有关情况。IntroductionapublicholidayandanimportantfestivalinChinesecultureonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonthHistoryItwasstartedinhonourofagreatpoet,QuYuan.HedrownedhimselfintheMiluoRiver.Peopleracedintheirboatstosavehimbutfailed.Theydroppedriceballsintotheriver.celebrationholddragonboatraceseatzongzi注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMike,I’mhappyyouwouldliketolearnabouttheDragonBoatFestivalasitisoneofmyfavoritefestivals.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes.YoursLiHua答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．C2．B3．A4．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四款应用程序以及其各自的特点。1．细节理解题。根据第一部分介绍“ItallowsstudentstosearchforiEDUadvisingcenterinformation,whereyoucandiscoverneweducationalinformation,aid,opportunitiesandadvice.(它允许学生搜索iEDU咨询中心信息，在那里你可以发现新的教育信息、援助、机会和建议)”可知，iEDU主要面向学生。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第二部分介绍“Itallowsyoutolookthroughlesser-knownartists’music.Youcansavesongsorartistsyoulikeandfindbandswithsimilarsounds.(它允许你浏览不太知名的艺术家的音乐。你可以保存你喜欢的歌曲或艺术家，并找到声音相似的乐队)”可知，如果你是一个音乐爱好者，你会选择下载IndieShuffle。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据第三段部分“BrainPOPmixeslearningandtechnologyinafunandsimpleway.(BrainPOP以一种有趣而简单的方式将学习和技术结合在一起)”可知，BrainPOP以一种有趣的的方式将学习和技术结合起来。故选A。4．细节理解题。根据第四部分“Itisatimesaver,anapphelpingyoumanageyourtime,addataskandevenassigntaskstootherpeoplewhoneedaquickreminder!(这是一个节省时间的应用程序，可以帮助您管理时间，添加任务，甚至分配任务给需要快速提醒的其他人！)”可知，Todoist不能教你英语。故选D。5．B6．A7．C8．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆小时候阿姨给自己煮意大利大餐，让作者充满温暖，作者自己无法做出那种酱汁，认为是爸爸和阿姨对它的爱让它变得如此美味。5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Itwasabouttenyearsagoonacoldwinterday.Iwaswalkingovertovisitmydadwhenitbeganrainingheavily.Althoughhishousewasonlyashortwalkfrommine,Iwaswetalloveranditchilled(使冰冷)mybones.(那是大约十年前的一个寒冷的冬日。我正走过去看爸爸，突然下起了大雨。虽然他家离我家只有几步路，我却浑身湿透，浑身冰凉)”可知，作者在去他父亲家的路上感觉寒冷。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据第二段“Italwaysleftourbelliesfull,ourheartshappyandthehousesmellingheavenly.(它总是让我们吃得饱饱的，我们的心快乐，房子里充满了天堂般的味道)”可知，作者成长时期的意大利大餐很好吃。故选A。7．细节理解题。根据第二段“WhenIwasgrowingup,NanawouldmakeusanItalianfeasteverySunday.Shewouldslowlycookherspaghetti(意大利面)sauceforhours.(在我小时候，Nana每个星期天都会给我们做一顿意大利大餐。她会把意大利面酱慢慢煮上几个小时)”以及倒数第二段“Wetalkedaboutthoseoldtimes,mywarm-heartedauntandlaughedoverthememories,bothgoodandbad.(我们聊起了那些旧时光，我那热心肠的阿姨，笑着回忆起那些美好和糟糕的回忆)”可知，Nana很可能是作者的阿姨。故选C。8．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“MaybeitwasjustthelovewithwhichNanaandDadcookeditthatmadeitsodelicious.Eitherway,thiswinter,I’mgoingtomakesomeagain.(也许是因为无论我多么努力，我都不可能做到百分百正确。也许是爸爸和奶奶对它的爱让它变得如此美味。不管怎样，这个冬天，我要再做一些)”结合文章主要讲述了作者回忆小时候阿姨给自己煮意大利大餐，让作者充满温暖，作者自己无法做出那种酱汁，认为是爸爸和阿姨对它的爱让它变得如此美味。可知，D选项“爱的特别酱汁”最符合文章标题。故选D。9．D10．A11．B12．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍发生洪灾时的注意事项以及洪水过后应该怎样做。9．细节理解题。根据第六段的“Avoidpower(避开电源)”可知，当发生洪灾时我们应该避开电线。故选D。10．词句猜测题。根据第五段的“Onlygetoutifthewaterbeginstofloodthecar,andthenmovetotheroofofit.(只有在水开始淹没汽车时才能出来，然后移动到车顶)”可知，it指代上文提到的“thecar”。故选A。11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Usebottledorboiledwaterfordrinkingandcooking.(饮用和烹饪时使用瓶装水或开水)”可知，洪水过后应该使用瓶装水或开水。故选B。12．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍发生洪灾时的注意事项以及洪水过后应该怎样做。由此推知，文章很有可能出自新闻报纸。故选C。13．D14．C15．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了几种保持健康的方法。13．根据本段内容“Takenoticeofallthepeoplewhoappearinyourlife.Askyourselfwhetherthesepeoplereallymakeyouhappy.Ifyoustaywithlovingandpositivepeople,youwilllikelyhavegreatfun.(注意所有出现在你生活中的人。问问你自己，这些人是否真的能让你快乐。如果你和有爱心和积极的人在一起，你可能会有很大的乐趣)”可知，后文提到和有爱心和积极的人在一起，lovingandpositivepeople对应D选项中caringandlovingpeople。故D选项“让自己周围都是有爱心的人。”符合语境，故选D。14．根据本段内容“Searchonlineforvolunteeropportunitiesinyourarea.Lookforcharitiesandorganizationsthatsupportcausesyoubelievein.Ifyoudonateyourtimeandmoneytohelpingothers,youcanfeelmorethanhappythatyouhavemadeadifference.(在网上搜索你所在地区的志愿者机会。寻找那些支持你所信仰事业的慈善机构和组织。如果你贡献你的时间和金钱来帮助别人，你会感到非常高兴，因为你已经有所作为)”可知，本段主要关于利用时间去帮助别人，故C选项“利用你的空闲时间帮助别人。”符合语境，故选C。15．根据本段内容“Takeafewminuteseachdaytogetinworkout,whetherit’srunning,swimmingorjogging.Whenyoudosports,yourbrainreleases(释放)severalchemicals,leavingyoufeelinghappy.Themoreregularexerciseyoutake,thehappierpersonyouwillfindyourself.(每天花几分钟进行锻炼，无论是跑步、游泳还是慢跑。当你做运动时，你的大脑会释放出几种化学物质，让你感到快乐。你锻炼得越有规律，你就会发现自己越快乐)”可知，本段的建议是定期锻炼，A选项Exercise对应后文workout。故A选项“定期锻炼”符合语境，故选A。16．A17．B18．C19．C20．D21．A22．A23．D24．B25．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以JenniferJones为例，说明了青少年为了减肥不吃早饭导致营养不良的问题，健康专家指出有一个健康均衡的饮食是很重要的，因为青少年仍在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养来正常运作。更重要的是，他们应该保持规律的时间和得到足够的锻炼，以保持精力充沛和健康。16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后她昏倒，被紧急送往医院。A.hospital医院；B.school学校；C.church教堂；D.gym健身房。根据上文“Shethenpassedout”可知晕倒了要送医院。故选A。17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗被发现有危险的低血糖水平，并立即被医生治疗。A.praised赞美；B.treated治疗；C.punished惩罚；D.taught教。根据上文“Jenniferwasfoundtohavedangerouslylowbloodsugarlevels”可知，有低血糖，所以要接受治疗。故选B。18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她担心的父母告诉医生，他们的女儿那天没吃早饭，前一天晚上几乎没吃晚饭。A.enjoyed欣赏；B.shared分享；C.missed错过；D.prepared准备。根据后文“Jenniferhadnoteatenbreakfastformonths”可知，她没吃早饭，故选C。19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，詹妮弗已经好几个月没吃早餐了，因为她认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的一个简单方法。A.height高度；B.width宽度；C.weight重量；D.length长度。根据后文“Jennifer’scaseisareminderofthedangersoftheunhealthyweight-losshabits.(詹妮弗的案例提醒人们注意不健康减肥习惯的危害)”可知，詹妮弗已经好几个月没吃早餐了，因为她认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的一个简单方法。故选C。20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，她现在脱离了危险。A.Sadly悲伤地；B.Suddenly突然；C.Regretfully后悔地；D.Fortunately幸运地。根据后文“sheisnowoutofdanger.”可知，庆幸的是，她现在脱离了危险。故选D。21．考查连词词义辨析。句意：如今，瘦通常被认为是美丽的，所以青少年有时会采取极端的方法来快速减肥。A.so所以；B.because因为；C.but但是；D.if如果。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用连词so。故选A。22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，瘦通常被认为是美丽的，所以青少年有时会采取极端的方法来快速减肥。A.slimdown消瘦；B.breakdown出故障；C.showup露面；D.makeup组成。根据上文“beingthinisoftenseenasbeingbeautiful”可知，瘦通常被认为是美丽的，所以青少年有时会采取极端的方法来快速减肥。故选A。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据最近对高中生生活方式的调查，近20%的青少年经常不吃饭，10%的青少年过度运动，4%的青少年甚至服用减肥药。A.avoid避免；B.sell出售；C.make制作；D.take带走。根据后文“weight-lossmedicine”指服用减肥药，应用动词take。故选D。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们指出，有一个健康均衡的饮食是很重要的，因为青少年仍在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养来正常运作。A.sleep睡觉；B.diet饮食；C.time时间；D.speed速度。根据后文“theirbodiesneedalotofnutritiontofunctionwell”指健康均衡的饮食很重要，因为青少年仍在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养来正常运作。故选B。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，他们应该保持规律的时间和得到足够的锻炼，以保持精力充沛和健康。A.tired疲惫的；B.lazy懒惰的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.busy忙碌的。根据上文“theyshouldkeepregularhoursandgetplentyofexercisetostay”可知，保持规律的时间和得到足够的锻炼，是为了保持精力充沛和健康。故选C。26．in27．studied28．courses29．useful30．a31．making32．its33．finally34．which##that35．toexplore【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了科学家屠呦呦的个人经历以及成就。26．考查介词。句意：屠呦呦，1930年生于浙江宁波。表示在某一年应用介词in。故填in。27．考查时态。句意：1951年至1955年，她在北京的一所大学学习医学。根据后文1951and1955可知用一般过去时。故填studied。28．考查名词的数。句意：毕业后，她完成了许多进一步的中医培训课程。course为可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数形式。故填courses。29．考查形容词。句意：她所受的教育很快就证明很有用。作表语，应用形容词useful。故填useful。30．考查冠词。句意：1969年，她成为一个团队的负责人，旨在寻找治疗疟疾的方法。他们日以继夜地工作。team此处为特指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。31．考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，他们成功地制造出可以治疗小鼠疟疾的青蒿提取物。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填making。32．考查代词。句意：为了加快在患者身上的试验进程并确保其安全性，她的团队自愿先在自己身上测试青蒿提取物。修饰名词safety应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。33．考查副词。句意：经过反复试验，他们最终发现，青蒿素是青蒿提取物中最有效的部分。修饰动词discover应用副词finally，故填finally。34．考查定语从句。句意：经过反复试验，他们最终发现，青蒿素是青蒿提取物中最有效的部分。定语从句修饰先行词qinghaosu，在从句作主语，指物，故用which或that引导。故填which/that。35．考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦在她的诺贝尔奖演讲中鼓励科学家们探索中医的宝库，并将其提升到更高的水平。短语encouragesb.todosth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。故填toexplore。36．Huckisapoorwhiteboy37．他在那里遇到了吉姆并且和他成了朋友38．故事进入了高潮39．it’simpossibleforhimtogiveupJim40．我们需要他们并且应该永远珍视他们【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过马克吐温的小说《AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn》里所展示的友谊告诉读者要珍视友谊。36．考查时态和句子结构。分析可知本句为主系表结构，介绍小说应用一般现在时；主语是Huck，系动词是is，表语“一个可怜的白人男孩”表达为apoorwhiteboy。故翻译为：Huckisapoorwhiteboy.37．考查句子结构。分析可知，本句为主谓宾状结构，there“那里”是地点状语，主语是he，谓语动词是meet“遇见”和短语makefriendswith“与……交朋友”，宾语是Jim和him。故翻译为：他在那里遇到了吉姆并且和他成了朋友。38．考查句