(完整版)构词法练习及其答案

高考能力测试构词法WordFormation一．合成Compounding两个或更多的词合成一个词。方式：1.直接写在一起。2.用连字符(—)连接。3.由两个分开的词构成。(1)合成adj方式例词(2）合成动词1adj＋adjred-hot2adj＋nfirst-class，full—time，构成方式例词1n＋vday-dreampart-time2adv＋vovercome,upturn翻起white—wash3adj＋现在分good-looking,free-thinking,词3adj＋v（3)合成n4adj＋过去分ready—made词构成方式例词1n＋nhorseback,bank-note，5adj＋n—edgood-tempered，middle-aged,cold-bloodednewspaper，cellphone，back-yard，forehead,2adj＋n6n＋n-ediron-willed3动名词＋nhidingplace,7n＋adjworld—famous,day—longreading-room8n＋现在分词beauty-loving,freedom—loving,job-hunting，4v＋adv5adv＋vget—off,breakin,output，overflow9n＋过去分词man—made，water—covered,（4）合成advhowever,maybe，wherever,whenever,forever10adv＋adjever—green11adv＋现在分hard-working,far-seeing（5)合成代词whoever，，whatever，everyone,nobody,myself，something，anything，（6）合成介词inside在……里词12adv＋过去分well—prepared,quickly—cured,well—knownfive—year词13num＋n例词后缀14num＋n+adjfive-year—old-alcentral，industrial，national,natural15num＋four-legged,six—storied过去分词—anEuropean,American，Australian—erneastern，northern，southern-ablereasonable,horrible，terrible，believable，comfortable，forgettable，sensible—fulcareful，cheerful，grateful，faithful,形-ishchildish,Swedish,selfish容—ivedestructive，collective，active,词creative,effective-ythirsty,dirty,windy,sunny,cloudy,healthy,funny-lesscareless，hopeless,helpless，homeless，sleepless，fearless，limitless-engolden,wooden,woolen-ouscourageous,famous，continuous，serious,various1二、派生Derivation—aryimaginary,revolutionary，secondary-icrealistic，historic，poetic前缀含义例词-sometroublesome,burdensome,lonesome,handsomea-处arise，aside,alone在……-likechildlike,womanlike，manlike-antignorant，significant,observant,importanten—使可能enrich,enable,enslavedis—不，否定dissatisfy,dishonest,disappear，disorder,disagree—entdiligent,silent,excellent，frequentun—不,做相unable,unknown,uncommon,反动作uncomfortable，unfair，unclose，undress,uncover，untie—lylively,friendly，lovely,weekly,brotherly，motherly—ishchildish,foolishin—不,非inactive,incapable，im-ir-il-inpatient，incorrectimpossible，impersonal,impolite，immature，impracticalirregular,irresponsibleillogical,non-不，非non—existentnon—interference，，non—conductor,non-stopde-向相反decentralize（分散），方向发defrost(解冻）展anti-反(对)anti—freeze,anti-fascistmis-错误的,misdoings，misunderstand，坏的misfortunere重复，再rewrite,remarry，reunite，recycle，co-共同co—exist，co—operate，co—educationex以前的ex-husband，ex-presidenttele远程telephone，telegraph,telescopesupermarket,superpower,super在上面，—超级under在……underline,underestimate，-之下underground,inter相互，之international,interact,—间inter—changesub—下，次subtitle,submarine,subconscious,subcontinent，trans过，穿transformation(变形）,—过，变translatevice副vice—premier,vice-president2—例词后缀semi-半semifinal,semicircle，semi-automatic—izerealize，modernize,mechanize,criticize，bi两个bicycle,biennial两年一次的动-enwiden，strengthen，lengthen，tri三个triangle三角形，tricycle三轮词sharpen，widen，shorten，quicken,脚踏车，triplets三胞胎mul-多，多种multiply,multi-national，deepen—fySimplify,beautify,terrify，multi-colouredkilo-千kilometre，kilogram后缀例词-ward(s)forward，northward，backward，downward三、转化Conversion：指一个词不变化词形，而副由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。词—lyslowly，quickly，carefully，loudly，happily,friendly1。名词和动词之间的转化话,mirror镜子—像镜子一样反映，drink喝—饮料,record录音-记录,name,date,hand,study,容词转化为动词perfect完美的容词(副词）front前面——telephone电话—打电2.形—-使完善3。名词转化为形前面的4.形容词转化为名词chief主要的-—首领训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目.特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中,对词汇掌握的要求越来越高.检测构词法,在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词,而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。如有的生词,只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀后缀或，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。1.Thatmanwas________enoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A。careB.carefulC.carelessDcarelessness2。Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild，sohis________isheavierthanMountTai。A。dieB.diedD。death3。Thechildlooked_______athisbrotherwhowasbadlywounded.A.sadlyB。D。saddeadC。sadnessC.sadly4。Heisanexpertatchemistry。Weallcallhima________。A.chemistryB.chemicalC。chemisD.physician5.Thethree-________chairisn’tsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff。A。leggingB。leggedC.legsD.leged6.Stephensonbecamethe________railwayengineerintheworld。A。leadB。leaderC.leadingD.leadership7。Whentheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem,Jacklooked_______aboutathisclassmates。A.proudB.proudlyC。prideD.pridely8.Toeveryone's________,thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.A。satisfiedB.satisfactoryC.satisfyingD。satisfaction9。—Whatareyoudoinghere?—Oh，myteacheraskedmetowriteapassageabout________inEnglish。—Youcanwrite_______passageinEnglish？A。600words；a600-wordsB.600—word；a600—wordsC。600words；a600-wordD.600words；a600—words10.Nooneshouldenterthespotwithoutthe________ofthepolice。A.permitB.permissionC.permittingD.permittence311Youmustcomewithustothepolice_______.Ourheadiswaitingforyou。A。headquartersB。headmasterD。headache12。Lettingthatanimalescapewasnoaccident；headlineC。youdidit________.A。intendB。intentionC.intentionallyD.intentional13.Theshopownerwelcomedalltheguestswitha________smile.A。practiceB.practiseC.practicalD.practiced14.The_______orderedhimtopaya$100fine.A.judgerB.judgmentC.judgeD.judgement15.MyTVisoutoforder.Canyoutellmewhatisthe________newsaboutIraqWar？A.latelyB。latestC.laterD。latter16.TheGreatWallismorethan6000liin________。A.longerB。lengthC.longD.longing17。Tomy________，Ipassedtheexameasily.A.joyB.joyfulC。joylessD。joyness18。Canadaismainlyan________country.A。English—speakingB.speak-EnglishC。spoken—EnglishD。English-spoken19.How________heis!Heisalwaysacting________.Heisreallya________。A。foolish；foolishly；foolB.fool；foolish；foolC。foolish;fool;foolD.foolishly；foolish；fool20。Thenecklacethatshelostisveryexpensive。C。valuelessD。21。Therewere________fishintheriverinSouthAmerica.A。It’sofgreat________。A。valuableB。valueunvaluableindangerB.dangerC。dangerousD.dangerless22。Theletter“b”intheword“doubt"is________.A.soundB。silentC.silenceD。sounded23.Thechildlookedatme________。A。strangerB.strangelyC。strangeD。strangeless24.Theblackpeoplewereagainstslaveryandfoughtfortheir________bravely.A。freeB.freelyC。freedomD。frees25。Whatyousaidsounded________butinfactitwasuntrue.A.reasonableB。reasonfulC.reasonlessD。unreason26.Wehavetolearn________technologyfromothercountries.A。advanceB。advancingC。advantageD。advanced27。Thechildrenliveinavillage________。Theycomeherealmosteveryday.A。nearbyB.nearC.nearlyD。nearby28。MrBlackisan________inthearmy，notan________inthegovernment.Youcannoteasilyfindhiminhis________.A。official；officer;officeB。officer；office；officialC。official;official；officialD.officer；official;office29.You’dbettergiveupsmokingifyouwanttokeep________。A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyD.healthier30。________speaking，Ididn’tdoitonpurpose。A。HonestlyB.HonestC.HonestyD。Dishonest31.Itsoundslikeagoodplan,buttherearesome________difficultiesincarryingitout。A.practicedB。practicalC。practiceD.practicing32。Hisfatherpossessesa________factory，whichdoesmostofthepollutiontothisriver.A.paper—makeB.paper—makingC.papers-madeD.paper—made33。Marxlefthishomelandforsome________reasons.A.politicallyB。politicsC.politicalD.politician34。It's________topersuadehimtogiveupsmoking。He’sverystubborn。A。possibleB。possiblyC.impossibleD。impossibility35.Dancaughttwo________birdsinthewoodlastweekandtheyarestill________inthecage.4

A。alive；liveB.live；liveC.live；aliveD.alive；alive36.Thedoctorsaidthattheoldman’sconditionwas__andthattheyhadtriedtheirbest。A.hopeB。hopedC。hopefulD.hopeless37.Annfeltso________thatshecouldhardlyopenhereyes.A.sleepyB.asleepC。sleepD.sleeping38。Westoodthere______atthe_____sight。A.frightened；frightfulB。frighteningfrightfulC.fright；frighteningD。frightful；fright39。Thedoctor’sadvice________himfromdrinkingandsmoking.A.encouragedB。couragedC.encouragementD.discouraged40I’dliketobuyahouse,modern，comfortableandaboveallinaquiet_。A。neighbourB。neighbourhoodC。neighboursDneighbour’sⅡ。改错练习(每小题有一个构词法错误，请找出并更正）1.TheMiludeerarelivinginthewildinanaturalpark.2.Thisblouseisfitforhimatall.It’stoolongandthecolorhasrun。3.Thepossiblythatthemajorityofthelaborforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.4.Wemuststrengthgovernmentofthepeople，bythepeopleandforthepeople.5.Thespermwhalecandivetoadeepofmorethan1000metersinthesea.6.Heisaveryfamousactress.Hehasplayedmanyimportantpartsindifferentfilms.7.Personal,I'dratherstayathomewatchingTV。8.Becauseofherill，shecan’tgooutforthesight—seeing。9。Thankyouforyourdescribeoftheconditionshere.10.It’sreallydustinthisroom。It’salongtimesincesomeonelastlivedinit。11。Wealldon’tknowhowdarkhappens.12.Heopenedtheenvelope，foldedtheletterandbegantoreadit。Sheoffereduslotsofvalueinformation，whichplayedanimportantpartincatchingthethief。13。14.Wewishyouapleasurejourneybackhome.15.Thecaptainmadeanapologizetothepassengersforthedelaycausedbybadweather。16。Iwishthatyoucouldinterviewthesejournalswhocome。17。Coralisnotaplantbutavariousofanimallife。18.Inmyopinion,Harryisthemostsuitfulpersonforthejob.19.Thefoodwasgoodbuttheservewaspoor.20.Thismeetingisofgreatimportanttoallofus.21。Therecomesalargecollectionofsoldiersinthedistant。22.Whenhegottothedestination，hewasquiteoutofbreathe.23.Traditionallyspeaking，RussiaisaEuropecountry。24.“Actual”means“infact”，andwecanalsouse“asamatteroffact".25.ItispossibletopersuadeAdamtogiveupthatdecide.26。Thedoctorsaidthatthepatiencewascomfortableaftertheoperation。27。Somepeoplesaythatthisnewdiscovermightchangethewholesocietycompletely.28.TheChinesegovernmenttreasurethefriendlybetweenthepeopleoftwocountriesandwearewaitingforapeacefulsettlementofthismatter。29。Shewasafraidofhighanddarednotjumpoutoftheplane.30。Hermotherdiedofhungryaftertheflood.31。Ibetyouaremistakethistime。32.Themansaidthathewasmerelyapass-byandthathedidn’twatchtheaccident。33。—Doyoufollowme?—Yes，perfect.34.PersonalpossessofgunscauseslotsoftroublesintheUSA.35。Thegreatestwealthyis5

beingcontentwithalittle.36。Ibelieveourdreamthathumanswilltraveltoandfromthemoonwillcometruthoneday.37.Failisthemotherofsuccess.38.Everyyearmillionsofvisiterscometovisitthedams.39。TheChinesepeoplearebuildingsocialistandhaveachievedgreatprogress.40.Peopleallwentuptooffertheircongratulateontheirwinningthekeymatch.前后缀“冰山一角”练习一．形容词后缀1-ous结尾advantage________ambition________anxiety________continue________courage________danger________disaster________fame________glory________humor________mountain________mystery________nerve________number________poison________prosper________religion________suspicion________vary________vigor________2.以—al结尾Chemistry________class________economy________editor________education________exception________finance________function________logic________memory________nation________origin________parent________person________physics________politics________region________substance________technique________technology________3.以—able结尾ability________accept________access________adapt________avail________avoid________capability________change________comfort_________compare________convert________desire________duration________favor________flexibility________honor________move________notice________permit________reason________sense________vision________4。以-ful结尾beauty________care________cheer________doubt________faith________fruit________glass________hand________harm________help________mouth________peace________power________skill________spoon________success________thought________wonder________二名词后缀1。以—ment结尾achieve________advance________advertise________agree________disagree________argue________assign________attach________appoint________develop________embarrass________encourage________engage________enjoy________equip________establish________govern________install________manage________move________pave________pay________punish________ship________state________2.以—al结尾approve________disapprove________arrive________propose________refuse________remove________survive________try________withdraw________3.以—ance/—ence/—ency/cy结尾abundant________accurate________agent________allow________apply________attend________bankrupt________competent________compliant________confident________consist________convenient________inconvenient________correspondent________current________dependent________independent________innocent________diplomat________distant________efficient________elegant________evident________exist________fluent________frequent________infer________infant________influential________intelligent________interfere________offend________patient________perform________prefer________refer________resident________significant________silent________tend________urgent________vacant________violent________4。以—ion结尾act________add________admit________attract________associate________collect________combine________complete________commit________communicate________compose________conclude________consider________consume________create________decide________declare________define________describe________destroy________determine________devote________direct________distinct________discuss________dominate________educate________elect________evolve________except________exhaust________exhibit________exploit________found________identify________illustrate________imitate________impress________include________6intend________introduce________investigate________invite________liberate________occupy________operate________organize________locate________oblige________participate________permit________predict________produce________provide________pollute________possess________recognize________recommend________regulate________relate________satisfy________select________solve________submit________suggest________utilize________verify________三动词前后缀、1。以—en开头或结尾large________able________courage________rich________hard________weak________broad________soft________