2023学年完整公开课版EnjoyingaStory3

Unit6

EnjoyingaStory

SectionⅣ

Grammar&Writing语法精讲专项突破品味语法ⅠⅡ同位语从句一、概念在主从复合句中作同位语的句子叫做同位语从句。同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的具体内容的。即同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系,对其内容作进一步说明。讲解归纳能跟同位语从句的名词一般是fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information,wish，promise，answer，evidence，report,explanation，suggestion，conclusion等抽象名词。二、连接词从属连词that无意义,不担成分，不可省whether“是否”，不担成分，不用if代替连接代词what，who，which有词义，担成分：主、宾、定语连接副词where，why，howwhen，有词义，担成分：状语Ihavenoideawhereheisfrom.我不知道他来自哪里。ThenewsthatafirebrokeoutintheforestinRussiasurprisedus.俄罗斯森林着火了,这一消息使我们很吃惊。Nextcomesthequestionwhatyouwanttoputinthebox.(what作宾语)其次就是这个问题：你要在盒子里放什么。Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.(where作地点状语)到哪儿去过暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。【注意】(1)当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置，构成分隔式同位语从句。Thestoryspreadswidelythatthequeenlikestobesurroundedwithnoble­lookinggentlemen.据说女王喜欢身边有一群样子高贵的绅士。

(2)若被同位语从句说明的名词是下列词语时，同位语从句

的谓语常用“should＋动词原形”，should常常被省略。这些

词有：建议advice，suggestion，proposal；要求demand，request,requirement；决定decision；命令order；劝告recommendation等。Imadethesuggestionthatthemeeting(should)bebroughttoanend.我提议闭会。三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别Thefactthattherearenolivesonthemoonisknowntousall.月球上没有生命这个事实大家都知道。(同位语从句)Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue.你所听到的消息不真实。(定语从句)Hewillneverforgetthedayswhenhelivedwithhisgrandparents.他永远不会忘记和祖父母一起生活的日子。(定语从句)Hehasnoideawhenthemeetingwillbeheld.他不知道会议将何时举行。(同位语从句)表语从句一、概念在主从复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句，它是对主句内容的具体化，是对主句主语的进一步解释和说明。表语从句位于主句的连系动词之后，其基本结构为：主语＋系动词＋从句，常用的系动词有be，seem，remain，look，sound，appear等。引导表语从句的有who，what，whom，whatever，which，when，where，how，why，asif，whether，that等。Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.困难在于我们缺乏资金。ThatiswhatIaminterestedin.这就是我们所感兴趣的。ThatiswhyIwantyoutoworkthere.那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。表语从句应注意以下几个方面：(1)如主句的主语是idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，desire，requirement等名词时，则表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，即“(should)＋动词原形”的形式。Theirdesirewasthatatreaty(should)besignedatonce.他们的愿望是马上签订协仪。(2)主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的连接词要用that，而不用why或because。Thereasonforsuchaseriousillisthathewastoocarelessandtired.这么严重的病完全是由于他太粗心，疲劳造成的。(3)because，asif，asthough，as，like等连接词也可引导表语从句。

Hehasheartdisease.Thatisbecausehehasbeensmokingtoomuch.他有心脏病，那是因为他抽烟太多了。(4)在引导表语从句时，whether不能被if替换。Hisfirstquestionsiswhetherwehavefinishedtheworkyet.他的第一个问题是我们是否已完成工作。Ⅰ.翻译下列句子1.他一直撒谎的事实让我们很吃惊。答案：__________________________________________________________专题训练Thefactthathetellsliesallthetimemakesusverysurprised.2.我的建议是我们应该提前完成作业。答案：________________________________________________________________3.那是因为你不理解他们。答案：_______________________________________________________________Mysuggestionisthatweshouldfinishthehomeworkaheadoftime.Thatisbecauseyoudon’tunderstandthem.4.这起交通事故缘于司机的粗心和饮酒过量。答案：_________________________________________________________________5.我没有收到会议被推迟的信息。答案：_________________________________________________________________Thereasonfortheaccidentisthatthedriverwastoocarelessanddrunk.Ididn’treceivethenewsthatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.Ⅱ.单项填空1.(2011·高考天津卷)Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence________smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.A．what

B．whichC．thatD．where解析：选C。考查同位语从句。句意：现代科学有充分的证据表明吸烟会导致多种疾病。从句中不缺少句子成分，故用that。2.(2011·高考山东卷)I’mafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer，whichis________heneverfinishesanything.A．thatB．whenC．whereD．why解析：选D。考查表语从句。很显然，前文所说的(他是一个空谈家而不是一个实干家)是下文(他一事无成)的原因，由此可知应该选why。3．(2011·高考陕西卷)I’dliketostartmyownbusiness—that’s________I’ddoifIhadthemoney.A．whyB．whenC．whichD．what解析：选D。考查表语从句。句意：我想创办自己的事业——那是我想做的，如果我有钱。从句中do缺少宾语。which引导从句时，一般指有一定范围可供选择的情况，故选what。4．(2011·高考辽宁卷)Whenthenewscame________thewarbrokeout，hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.A．sinceB．whichC．thatD．because解析：选C。考查同位语从句。句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去部队服役。此处的“________thewarbrokeout”解释说明thenews的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故为同位语从句，用that连接。5．Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request________theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.A．thatB．whenC．whichD．where解析：选A。句意：我们应该考虑学生的要求学校图书馆应该提供有关科学方面的书。request后面的从句解释了request的内容，且从句中不缺少句子成分，故用that。6．(2012·皖南模拟)—Youknow，I’mpoorinChinese，youarenotgoodatEnglish，and...—That’s________weshouldhelpeachother.A．whenB．whereC．howD．what解析：选B。句意：——你知道，我语文不好，你英语不好。——那就是我们应该相互帮助的地方。从句中根据句意应为WeshouldhelpeachotherinChineseandEnglish.。故选B。7．(2012·成都高二检测)ProfessorBackmantookupscientificresearchfordecades，andthisis________hedevotedallhislifeto.A．whichB．whatC．whereD．how解析：选B。从句hedevotedallhislifeto中，to缺少宾语。故选what。8．(2012·南通调研)Nobodywouldstandoutadmittingthefact，forsomereason，________theylostthegame.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．why解析：选A。考查同位语从句。他们输了比赛这个事实。故用that引导。9．(2012·金华模拟)__________madetheschoolproudwas________morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A．What；becauseB．What；thatC．That；whatD．That；because解析：选B。考查了主语从句和表语从句。主语从句中made缺主语，所以选what既作made的主语又引导主语从句，表语从句中不缺少句子成分，故用that。10．(2012·保定调研)Thenewsspreadquicklythroughthevillage________thewarhadended，________madevillagerswildwithjoy.A．which；thatB．that；whatC．that；whichD．what；which解析：选C。考查同位语从句和定语从句。thewarhadended是thenews的内容，故用that连接，不作句子成分。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代消息。写作指导妙笔生花如何写故事写作要求(2011·高考北京卷)假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华。下面四幅图描述了近期发生在你们班的一个真实故事，请根据图片的先后顺序，为校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文。内容如下：1．要交待清楚故事发生的when，where，what，who，how等内容。2．叙述内容要包括四幅图画的全部信息。注意：1．短文词数100左右。2．内容充实，结构完整，语意连贯。3．书写须清晰、工整。审题谋篇1．本文为记叙文，记叙自己班所发生的事，主要人称为第一人称。2．时态为一般过去时。3．文章应以事件发生先后顺序为线索。写作要点1.我们正在上语文课，这时老师摔倒。(1)We____________ourChineseclass_______theteachersuddenlyslippedandfell.(2)__________ourChineseclass，theteachersuddenlyslippedandfell.were

havingwhenDuring2．在其它学生的帮助下，一名学生背老师去医务室。(1)__________________

someothers，oneoftheboyscarriedher_______________totheclinic.(2)_________________________________

，__________oneoftheboys_________carriedheronthebacktotheclinic.With

the

helpof

on

the

backWith

the

help

of

some

othersit

waswho3．她的右腿断了只得呆在医院。(1)Herrightlegwasbroken_________________________________．(2)__________________________________

madeherstayinthehospital.(3)_________________

herrightlegwasbrokenandshehadtostayinthehospital.so

she

had

to

stay

in

the

hospitalThat

her

right

leg

was

broken

It

turned

out

that

4．当看到老师腿上缠着绷带躺在床上时，我们感到很伤心并希望她快点康复。(1)_______wesawher______________withherleg___________inbandages，wefeltsorryforherandhopedthatshewouldrecover_____．(2)__________her_____________andherleg______________inbandages，wefeltsorryforherandhopedthatshewouldrecover______________________．When

lying

in

bed

wrappedsoonSeeinglying

in

bedwrapped

as

soon

as

possible佳作欣赏LastMonday，①wewerehavingourChineseclasswhentheteachersuddenlyslippedandfell.Wewereallworriedabouther.Oneoftheboyscarriedherontheback,withthehelpofsomeothers，totheclinicimmediately.②Itturnedoutthatherrightlegwasbrokenandshehadtostayinthehospital.Thefollowingday，wewenttovisitherwithflowersandfruit.③Seeingherlyinginbedwithherlegwrappedinbandages，wefeltsorryforherandhopedthatshewouldrecoversoon.ThisThursdayshereturnedtotheclassonawh