2021届信阳市第九中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案

2021届信阳市第九中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABirdmigrationisdescribedastheregular,seasonalmovementofbirdpopulationsfromoneplacetoanotherandbackagain.Thelongerdaysandrichfoodofthenorthernsummerprovidegreaterchancesforbirdstofeedtheiryoung.Thelongerdaylighthoursandenormousfoodresourcesallowbirdstolaylargereggsthanthoseofrelatednon-migratoryspeciesthatremaininthetropicsallyearround.Asthedaysshorteninautumnandthebreedingperiodisover,thebirdsreturntowarmerregionswheretheavailablefoodsupplydifferslittlewiththeseasonschanging.Theadvantagesofmigrationmakeupforthehighstress,physicalexertion（消耗），andotherrisksofthemigration.Daylengthistheprimaryenvironmentalfactorthatencouragesbirdstoprepareformigration.Theyhaveanincreasedappetitewhichresultsinweightgaining,givingthemthefatreservesthatprovideenergyfortheirmigratoryflight.Theyalsoshowmoreactivityatnight,whichiswhenmostbirdsmigrate.Whilethelengthofdayistheprimaryreasonformigration,birdsalsorespondtotemperaturechanges.Forexample,ifaspringislateandthetemperatureislowerthannormal,birdsdelaymigration;ifaspringisearly,birdsalsobeginmigrationearly.Thetimingofthemigratorycyclemustallowbirdstoarriveonthebreedingsitesothatthereistimetobuildabreedingplace,mate,laytheeggs,andhatchtheyoungbeforetherichfoodisavailabletofeedtheyounginthenest.Similarly,ifbirdswaituntiltheclimateintheirnorthernbreedinggroundsbecomestolerable（可忍受的）,therewillbenotimetogainthenecessaryweightthatprovidestheenergyneededfortheirsouthboundmigration.Whydobirdsmigratetothenorthinspring?AThetemperatureinthesouthhasrisen.Theyliketravelingandenjoythejourney.Thesummerthereiswarmerthanthatinthesouth.Theenvironmentthereismoresuitableforthemtofeedtheirbabybirds.Whatarethetwofactorsthatcausebirdstomigrate?Daylengthandfoodsupply.Nightlengthandhighstress.Temperaturechangesanddaylength.Foodsupplyandtemperaturechanges.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?Birds'LifeBirds'MigrationBirds'BreedingHabitsBirds'LivingEnvironmentBMostchildrenwhohavesufferedfromADHDstillhaveitasteens.Duringteenyears,especiallyasthehormonalchangesofteenagersaregoingonandthedemandsofschoolandextra-curricularactivitiesareincreasing,ADHDmaygetworse.Becauseofproblemswithgettingunfocusedandpoorconcentration,manyteenswithADHDhaveproblemsinschool.Gradesmayfall,especiallyiftheteenisnotgettingADHDtreatment.It’snotuncommonforteenswithADHDtoforgettheirhomework,losetextbooks,andbecomeboredwiththeirdailyclasswork.Teensmaybecomeinattentiveorextremelyattentive,notwaitingfortheirturnbeforeblurtingoutanswers.Theymaycutinontheirteacherandclassmates.TeenswithADHDmayalsobefidgetvandfindithardtositstillinclass.Often,teenswithADHDaresobusyfocusingonotherthingsthattheyforgetaboutthetaskathand.Thiscanbeseenespeciallywithhomeworkandathleticskillsandinrelationshipswiththeirschoolmates.Thislackofattentiontowhatthey’redoingoftenleadstobadgradesontestsandbeingpassedoverforsportsteams,after-schoolactivities,andlearningteams.KidswithADHDcanbetargetsforbullying,too.But,notallchildrenwithADHDhavetroublegettingalongwithothers.Ifyourchilddoes,youcantakemeasurestohelpimprovetheirsocialskillsandrelationships.ADHDaffectsallpartsofateenager’slife.Asaparentyoushoulddiscoveryourteen’stroublesasearlyaspossible.Theearlieryourchild’stroublesarediscovered,themoresuccessfulthefollowingstepscanbe.Whatdoestheauthorplantodoinparagraph1?A.TolistthetypesofADHD. B.Tointroducethemaintopic.C.Toshowtheauthor’sopinion. D.ToexplainthecausesofADHD.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fidgety”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Clever.B.Noisy.C.Restless.D.Lazy.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?B.EffectsofADHDonteens.A.WaystodealwithADHD.C.Teens’schoolperformances. D.Demandsofschoolwork.Whatmaythefollowingparagraphtalkabout?A.HowparentscanhelpateenwithADHD. B.Theimportanceofhealthypeerrelationships.C.HowmanychildrenaresufferingfromADHD. D.DifferentopinionsabouttreatingADHDinteens.CContrarytothelong-heldbeliefthatplantsinthenaturalworldarealwaysincompetition,newresearchhas

foundthatinsevereenvironmentsadultplantshelpsmalleronesandgrowwellasaresult.Theresearch,ledbyDrRocio,studiedadultandseedling（幼苗）plantsintheecologicaldesertinthe

south-eastofSpain.DrRociosaid,“Ifyou'reaseedlinginapoorland—thetopofamountainorasandhill,for

example-andyou’reluckyenoughtoendupunderneathabigplant,yourchancesofsurvivalarecertainlybetter

thanifyoulandedsomewhereonyourown.Whatwehavefound,whichwassurprising,isanestablishedlarge

plant,calleda‘nurse’,protectsaseedling;italsoproducesmoreflowersthanthesameplantsofsimilarlargesize

growingontheirown.”Otherbenefitsofnurse-seedlingpartnershipsincludethatmorevarietyofplantsgrowingtogethercanhavea

positiveeffectontheenvironment.Forexample,vegetationareaswithnurseplantswithmoreflowersmightbe

abletoattracthighernumbersofpollinators（传粉者）inanarea,inturnsupportinginsectandsoillifeandeven

provideagreaterrangeofdifferentfruittypesforbirdsandotheranimals.“Thebiggestwinnerforthissystemofnursingaplantisbiodiversity（生物多样性）,”DrRociosaid.“Themore

biodiverseanarea,thegreaternumberofspeciesofplants,insectlife,mammalsandbirds,andthebetterthe

chancesoflong-termhealthyfunctioningoftheenvironmentandecosystems.”Thissystemiswin-winforadult

andseedlingplantsinunfavorableenvironments.Theresearchisofvaluetothosewhomanageandprotectplantsintoughenvironments.Mosthome

gardenersandfarmersplantoensuretheirsoilandconditionsarethebesttheycanbeforplantgrowth,butthe

findingsmightbeofvaluetothosewhogardeninbareplaces.Whatisacommonunderstandingofplants?A.Theycanhelpeachother. B.Theycansurviveillconditions.C.Theycompetewitheachother.D.Theygrowwellontheirown.Whatwillhappentoseedlingplantsiftheygrowunderadultplants?A.Theywillproducemoreflowers. B.Theywilldieowingtocompetition.C.Theywillmakeadultplantslarger. D.Theywillgetsupportfromadultplants.Whatistheeffectofthenurse-seedlingpartnership?Itleadstounfavorableenvironments.Itproduceslong-termhealthychances.Itattractshigherandlargerpollinators.DItprovidesamorevarietyofplanttypes.Whowillbenefitfromthenewresearch?Peoplestudyingorganicfarming.Peopleprotectingplantsonsandhills.Peoplewantingtochangebiodiversity.Peoplekeepingmoreanimalsonthefarm.DTheideaofgrowingfoodinadesertwouldmakemostpeoplelaughbutthisisquicklybecomingareality.Therearecurrentlytwodesertfarmsintheworldwherequalityvegetablesarebeingplantedcheaplyandeasily.SundropFarms,basedinSouthAustralia,usesexperimentalgreenhousestogrowtomatoes,peppersandcucumbers.Thebiggestchallengeofgrowingfoodinadesert,obviously,isthelackofavailablewater.TheresearchersatSundropFarmshavegottenaroundthisjoroblembyusingthesuntodesalinate（淡化）seawater.Itcanalsobeusedtocontrolthetemperatureofthegreenhouses.WithoutdependingonlimitedresourcessuchaslandandfreshwaterSundropFarmshasmadefarmingapractice.Thiscanincreasetheworld’sfoodsupplies.Anotherbenefitofthiskindoffarmingisthatitcanbedoneanywhere,thusreducingthecostsoftransportingfoodtodistantlocations.Yetanotherbenefitisthatitreducestheneedforpesticides（杀虫剂）.AnotherexperimentaldesertfarmistheSaharaForestProject,whichbeganinQatarinDecember2012.Greenhousesinthefarmarecooledbysaltwater.Solarpowerandothertechnologiesareusedtogethertohelpmakevegetation（植被）growinthedesertenvironment.Asdesertshaveexpandedoverrecentyearsaroundtheworldduetoglobalwarming,thisprojectcouldsolvetheproblem.TheresultformtheQatarprojectwerebetterthanexpectedandinJuneof2014,Jordanagreedtohostanotherone.ThiswillbemuchbiggerthantheQatarprojectandtheprojectmemberswillhaveevenmoreopportunitiestotesttheirexperimentsonamuchlargerscale.Itisnotclearyetthatdesertfarmingresentsthefutureoffarmingbuttheseprojectshaveshownsomesuccessinthefield.Whatdoes“thisproblem”inparagraph2referto?Seawaterisbardtopurify.Thedesertisshortofwater.Thetemperatureishighinthedesert.Desertfarmsaren’tfittoplantvegetables.Whatisoneofthecharactersofdesertfarming?A.Itneedsmorepesticides. B.Itsavesdeliverycosts.C.Ithasalocationlimit. D.ItsolvesfoodwasteproblemsWhatcanweknowabouttheSabaraForestProject?ItlivesuptoexpectationsItcanhelpproducemorefoodItisstartedtopreventglobalwarmingItusestechnologytoproducesaltwaterWhatcanbeinferredaboutdesertfarmingfromthelastparagraph?Itstillhasproblemstosolve.Itrepresentsthefutureoffarming.Itsearlysuccesshasarousedinterestinit.Itsaimistocreatemorejobopportunities.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项TipsforKeepingAwakeinClassIfyouwanttokeepawakeduringclass,sleepthenightbeforeyourclass.Studentswhodoze（打瞌睡）inclassoftenmissedsleepthenightbefore.Gettingenoughsleepisyourfirstlineofdefensewhenitcomestostayingawakeinclass. 16 Formostpeople,eighthoursofsleepisenoughtogetthroughtheday,butyourbodymayrequiremore. 17 Thiswilltrainyourbodytoknowwhenitneedstobeasleepandwhenitistimetowakeup.Allowyourselftimetorelaxbeforeheadingtobedbyputtingawayyourphone,homework,andotherthingsthatkeepyourmindactive.Gettingenoughhigh-qualitysleepcanhelpyou.Anotherwayistotakeashowerbeforeclass.___18___Thewarmwaterfromyourshowerraisesyourbodytemperature.Thisalsoincreasesyourheartratesoyourbloodtravelsaroundyourbodyfaster.Finally,ithelpsdeliveroxygentoyourimportantorganssoyourbodycanworkatthebestlevelofefficiency. 19 Whenyourbodyisexposedtocoldwater,yourbloodwillflowatahigherpressure,meaningthatyourcirculation（循环）isevenfurtherincreased.Thecoldwaterwillalsohelpwakeyouupbecauseitwillshockyourbody,forcingyoutobreathemoredeeply. 20 Andthusyouwillbemorementallysharp.Havingawarmmealalsoworks.Thiswillincreaseyouroxygenintake.Performaseriesofmovementsbeforesleep.Thishelpsyoufeelrefreshedandawakensyoursenses.Forsomeextraenergy,finishyourshowerwithcoldwater.Makesuretogetsomeshut-eyeifyouhaveaclassthenextday.Keeparegularsleepschedulebygoingtobedatthesametimeeachnight.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Whenshewas41yearsold,DeannaMulligansteppedbackfromthetopofhercareer.NowCEOofGuardianLifeInsurance,Ms.Mulliganreflectsonthatmove：Iwas41then,whenitis21tobethepeakofone'scareer.Atthetime,takinga 22 wasconsideredareallystrangething.Peoplesaidtome,“Youcan’ttaketimeoff.You'llnever 23 onacareerpath.”ThenIhadawho 24 .Itwasclearatherfuneralthatshehadmadeabig 25 onlotsofpeopleasapreschoolteacher.Ithoughtaboutmy 26 atthetime：CouldIbeapersonlikeher?Iwasaseniorinsurancemanager. 27 ,Ididn'tgainsuchcareermeaning.Soformeitwastimetobreak,andI 28 thatjob.Itooktwoyearsoff.ThefirstyearIspentmuchtimewithmyfamily.And,Ihavetosay,timewith 29 .TimetoreallybealoneandthinkaboutwhatIhad 30 andwhatthatmeantformyfuture.Itwasabigreset.Thesecondyear,Iwasableto 31 onwhatImightliketodonext.Aftermanytrials,Idecidedfinallymy___32___careerininsurancewasmyreallove.Ifindittobevery 33-itdoeshelppeople'slives,especiallywhentheyareattheir 34 moments.SoIwenttoworkforGuardianLifeInsurance,fromanemployeein2008toCEOin2011.Ididn't 35 CEO.Ijustwantedtoleadwith 36 .NowIfindpurposeandmeaninginmyjobeveryday.Onceyoufindit,youdon’treally 37 it.SoitisOKtotaketimeto 38 ,aslongasyou'rediscoveringwhat's 39 toyourlife.Lifeisnotastraightline.Andyou'llgettotherightplace 40 .21.A.guaranteedB.supposedC.setD.reported22.A.prizeB.breathC.tripD.break23.A.getbackB.falldownC.holdonD.growup24.A.gaveupB.quittedofficeC.passedawayD.livedalone25.A.advanceB.improvementC.livingD.influence26.A.lifeB.achievementsC.changeD.mood27.A.BesidesB.StillC.InsteadD.Therefore28.A.offeredB.acceptedC.lostD.quitted29.A.othersB.colleaguesC.myselfD.friends30.A.learnedB.foundC.testedD.admitted31.A.focusB.takeC.insistD.feed32.A.favoriteB.originalC.futureD.permanent33.A.delightfulB.stressfulC.meaningfulD.graceful34.A.lastB.bestC.worstD.most35.A.signupB.lookdownuponC.thinkaboutD.aimat36.A.successesB.valuesC.powerD.interests37.A.forgetB.loseC.recognizeD.replace38.A.protestB.entertainC.performD.explore39.A.romanticB.wrongC.importantD.scaring40.A.eventuallyB.dramaticallyC.rapidlyD.fortunately第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式A17-year-oldBangladeshiboyhaswonthisyear’sInternationalChildren’sPeacePrizeforhisworktofightcyberbullyingin 41. (he)country.Theprizewinner,SadatRahman,promisedtokeep 42. (fight)onlineabuseuntilitnolongerexists.“Thefightagainstcyberbullyingislikeawar,andinthiswarIamawarrior,”SadatRahmansaidduringaceremony 43. November13inTheHaghue,theNetherlands.Headded,“Ifeverybodykeepssupportingme,thentogetherwe 44. (win)thisbattleagainstcyberbullying.”Rahmandevelopedamobilephoneappthatprovides 45. (educate)aboutonlinebullyingandaway 46. (report)casesofit.Hesaidhebeganhisworkontheprojectafterhearingthest