《现代汉语》(2)教学辅导二 第四章 语法（Modern Chinese (2) teaching guidance two,fourth chapters grammar）

《现代汉语》(2)教学辅导二第四章语法（ModernChinese(2)teachingguidancetwo,fourthchaptersgrammar）ModernChinese(2)teachingguidancetwoThefourthchaptergrammarThecategoryoffifthsentencesandsentencesFirst,whatissentence?1.Sentenceisthebasicunitoflanguageforcommunicatingideas.Itconsistsofawordoragroupofwords.2,thecharacteristicsofsentencesExpressive.(1)expressobjectivereality,thatistoexplaintheobjectivereality;(2)statingsubjectiveintention,thatis,expressingthespeaker'ssubjectiveattitude.Two.Themoodcategoryofsentence(sentencecategory)1,declarativesentence:providinginformation.2,interrogativesentence:asktheothersidefeedbackinformation.3,imperativesentence:asktheothersidetouseactionfeedback.4.Exclamatorysentences:focusonexpressingsubjectivefeelings.Redbeansgrowinthesouth,(ChenShu)Howmanybranchesarethereinspring?(doubt)Wishtopickmore(imperative).Asasymbolofourlove!(exclamation)(WangWei)Three,sentencestructuretype(sentencepattern)Sentencepatternsarethestructuraltypesofsentences.Sentencepatternscanbeidentifiedfromlargetosmall,whichissentenceanalysis.Sentencepatternisasystem.SeethetextbookP317chartProblemsneedingattentioninidentifyingsentencepatterns1,themooddoesnotaffectthesentencepattern2,componentinversiondoesnotaffectsentencepatterns3.Ellipsisdoesnotaffectsentencepatterns4,modifier(attributive,adverbial,sentenceheadmodifier)doesnotaffectsentencepatterns(1)subjectpredicatesentence1,nominalpredicatesentences--sentencesthatusenounsornominalphrasesaspredicates.Suchas:Tomorrow,Tuesday.Thechildisfiveyearsold.OnepoundandfivecentsinChinesecabbage.You'vegotsomenerve!2,verbpredicatesentenceThesentencethatthepredicateactsasaverboraverbphraseisaverbpredicatesentence.Accordingtothenatureofpredicate,verbpredicatesentencecanbedividedintotwoparts:1)verbpredicatesentences2)verbpredicatesentence3)verbpredicatesentence4)evenpredicatesentences5)subjectpredicatepredicatesentence3,adjectivepredicatesentenceAnadjectiveoranadjectivephraseactsaspredicateisanadjectivepredicatesentence.Hello,everyone.Theclassroomisclean.Theplotofthenovelisveryvivid.(two)nonsubjectpredicatesentenceAsentenceconsistingofawordoranonsubjectpredicatephraseisanonsubjectpredicatesentence.Suchas:Ohdear！(interjection)Who?(pronoun)Beijing.Onedayin1995.(noun)It'sraining！(verbal)Beautiful!(adjective)Four.Thefeaturecategoryofsentence(sentencepattern)Accordingtosomefeaturesofthesentence,thecategoryisalsocalledsentencepattern.Suchas:Webeattheenemy.Webeattheenemy.Theenemywasdefeatedbyus.(1)BAsentence1.WhatisBasentence?Thesentenceisgenerally:thesubjectistheagent,theobjectof"Ba"isthepatient.Hewashedtheclothes.2,thecharacteristicsofBasentence1)thepredicateverbistransitive,andtheremustbeadditionalelementsbeforeandaftertheverb(notthebareverb).Ifyouputtheflowersinthevase.Guys,they'veputoutthelights.2)verbscandominatetheobjectof"Ba"inmind.Let'sanalyzethesewords.Yousumupyouropinions.3,theobjectrepresentedby"Ba"mustbe"fixedfinger",not"Ren".Ithrewoutabook.Ithrewthebookaway.IthrewaBookaway.3,BasentenceandnonBasentenceBasentencenonBasentenceHehadhurthisleg.Hehurthisleg.(two)Beisentence1,the