初中过去完成时

过去完成时2021/5/91本课重点：·动词过去分词规则极不规则变化·过去完成时用法

·有时间状语提示词

·无时间状语提示词·过去完成时与现在完成时的区别·过去完成时与一般过去时的区别2021/5/92过去分词的构成：1.规则动词的变化：a)一般情况下在动词后面加ed

work------workedplay--------playedb)以e结尾的动词直接加d

use------used

refuse------refusedc)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y改i再加edstudy-----studiedcarry-----carriedd)以重读闭音节结尾的，前面有单个元音字母时，双写辅音字母，再加edstop----stoppeddrop-------dropped2.不规则动词的变化见课本附录过去完成时的构成：由助动词had+动词的过去分词（done)2021/5/93构成：助动词had+动词的过去分词（done)用法：1.过去完成时动词表示过去某一时间或某一过去动作之前完成的动作或状态,即“过去的过去”。过去完成时：下面按照有无时间状语提示词分为两大类讲解:2021/5/94(一)有时间状语提示类：(1)by+过去时间：e.g.

bythetime…(在…时之前),bytheendof…(在…结束/末之前),bythen(截止到那时);

(2)upto/till(直到)+过去时间：e.g.

uptillthen(直到那时)等。1.到六点钟为止他们已经工作八小时了。Bysixo’clockthey______________(work)foreighthours.hadworked2.到上个月末我们在北京住了有五年时间了。Bytheendoflastmonthwe______________(live)inBeijingforfiveyears.hadlived2021/5/954.到那时，他已写完那封信。Bythetimewegotthere，he________(leave)already.hadleft3.当我们到那儿时，他已经离开了。Uptillthen，he___________(write)thatletter.hadwritten2021/5/96（3）此外，过去完成时与when,before,after,assoonas,

till/until

等引导时间状语的从句连用，强调动作发生的时间前后。1.她到家之前她的孩子已经睡着了。Whenshegothome，herchildren__________(sleep).hadslept2.在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。Beforetheyarrivedhere,thefilm_________already___________(start).hadstarted2021/5/973.我打完植物大战僵尸就去睡觉了。Iwenttosleep

assoonasI_________________(play)“plantsVSzombies”.hadplayed4.看了《暮光之城》许多次之后，她终于厌烦了。Shefinallygotboredaftershe_______________(see)thefilm“twilight”manytimes.hadseen2021/5/982.她怀疑她是否通过了体育测试。hadread1.他说他读过这本书。Hesaidthathe______________(read)thisbook.Shewonderedifshe______________（pass）thePEtest.hadpassed(二)无时间状语提示类☆先于某过去动作2021/5/994.她不想看《黑天鹅》，因为她已经看过了。Shedidn’twanttoseethefilm“BlackSwan”becauseshe_____________(see)it.hadseen3.我听说JustinBieber已经有过两个女朋友了。IheardthatJustinBieber___________(have)twogirlfriends.hadhad2021/5/910过去完成时与现在完成时的区别过去完成时强调在过去某时间或过去某动作之前，即过去的过去。(1)按时间状语区分，比较：

bythen/yesterday/lastmonth等过去时间

+过去完成时

bynow+现在完成时（bynow=sofar）

bytheendof+lastmonth/year等过去时间+过去完成时

bytheendof+thismonth/year等现在时间+现在完成时（*注：bytheendofthismonth/year…还可能跟将来完成时）2021/5/911

upto/till

then

+过去完成时

upto/tillnow

+

现在完成时bythetime+人称+did+过去完成时

bythetime+人称+do+现在完成时2021/5/912Exercises:Sofar,I_______(collect)100stamps.Bytheendlastyear,thefactory______(produce)100,000shoes.Tom______(learn)Englishfor4yearssince2007.Mom______(in)thekitchenbythetimeIfinishedmyhomework.Sakura______(study)inthisschoolforabout9yearsuptillnow.He_______(away)fromhishometownuptothen.Thedog______(die)for3weeksandMarystillfeelssad.2021/5/913(2)按是否体现某动作在另一过去动作之前发生区分：有标志词：when,before,after,assoonas,

till/until等Whenshegothome，herchildrenhadslept.Beforetheyarrivedhere,thefilmhadalreadystarted.Hesaidthathehadmetyou.ShewonderedifshehadpassedthePEtest.无标志词：宾语从句等2021/5/914Exercises:1.Jake_______(be)Beijingfor3monthbeforehecameback.2.Iwenthomeassoonasthesun_____(go)down.3.Jimboughtasetofcombsforhiswifeafterhe_____(sell)hiswatchchain.4.Ididn’tgotobeduntiltheprogram_____(finish).5.MomaskedifI_____(have)breakfastthismorning.6.Ididn’texpectthatbecauseI_____(prepare)forsuchasurprise.7.Youwouldhavelostthegameifhe_____(help)you.8.IwenttoTom’shousebuthe__________(go)out.2021/5/915过去完成时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时常见标志词：比较：Hehadbeenastudentfor8yearsbythetimehewassixteen.Hewasastudent8yearsago.Theyhadpackedalltheirthingsbeforetheywenttotheairport.Theypackedalltheirthingsyesterday.2021/5/916Exercises:He______(lend)$100amonthago.Sally_____(buy)anipodtouchthedaybeforeyesterday.Joe_____(run)3loopsbeforehetookarest.Mini_____(practice)pianolastmonth.Shetoldmeshe______(acquire)alltheskills.When_____you______(go)forapicnic?2021/5/9171.Afterhe______________(finish)hisworkhewentout.hadfinished2.Thechildrenranawayafterthey___________(break)thewindow.hadbroken3.Byendoflastmonth,thefactory___________(produce)2,000,000pairofshoes.hadproducedExercises:4.Anniet