2015届考研第十五期金卡咨询报告

2015 一、2015 二、2015 2015 2015 2015 22015 考研：公共课复习方案/复习资料/学一、2015 考研英语冲刺阶段答疑和综合指在不知不觉中已经进入了2015届 考生：我前两个阶段都没有复习好，现在很迷茫，如今马上考试了我该怎么 考生：我前两个阶段下了很大功夫，可是感觉考研阅读仍然没什么实质性的提高，甚至都不如以前蒙对的多，我该怎么办 考生：完形填空怎么办，看着挺简单怎么错那么多 3 考生：冲刺阶段的作文该如何准备 考生：翻译部分我该怎么准备呢？我现在翻译出来了也不知道对错 二、2015 考研英语冲刺阶段考试及解2015 考研英语冲刺阶段考试试题4考试时间：100分 满分：100学 分数SectionIUseofDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10Fromchildhoodtooldage,wealluselanguageasameansofbroadeningourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaroundus.Whenhumansfirst1,theywerelikenewbornchildren,unabletousethis2tool.Yetoncelanguagedeveloped,thepossibilitiesforhumankind’sfuture3andculturalgrowthincreased.Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis4forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They5thatourhighlyevolvedbrainprovidesuswithan6languageabilitynotfoundinlowerorganisms.7ofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatour8forlanguageisinborn,butthatlanguageitselfdevelopsgradually,9afunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Therefore,therearecritical10timesforlanguagedevelopment.Currentreviewsofinnatenesstheoryare11.However,evidencesupportingtheexistenceofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.12,moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtin13grades.Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeing14tothem,whileadultshaveamuchhardertimelearninganotherlanguageoncethe15oftheirfirstlanguagehaveefirmlyfixed.16someaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnate,languagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyina17.Childrenwhohavebeenisolatedfromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.Thisdemonstratesthat18withotherhumanbeingsisnecessaryforproperlanguagedevelopment.Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohuman5language19thananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitativelearnedbehavior. ,childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsimitatingthem.Parentsgraduallyshapetheirchild’slanguageskillsbypositivelyreinforcingpreciseimitationsandnegativelyreinforcingimprecise1.[A][B][C][D]2.[A][B][C][D]3.[A][B][C][D]4.[A][B][C][D]5.[A][B][C][D]6.[A][B][C][D]7.[A][B][C][D]8.[A][B][C][D]9.[A][B][C]similar[D]10.[A][B][C][D]11.[A][B][C][D]12.[A][B]In[C]Inother[D]Ina13.[A]the[B]the[C][D]14.[A][B][C][D]15.[A][B][C][D]616.[A][B]In[C][D]17.[A][B][C][D]18.[A][B]in[C][D]19.[A][B][C][D]20.[A]For[B]In[C]Above[D]AsaSectionIIReading

PartDirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)TextThoughnewsmediaemphasizemacroeconomicproblems,astrongcasecanbemadethatproblemsinvolvingeconomicgrowthanddevelopmentarefarmoreimportant.Indeed,economicsbeganwhenAdamSmithsetouttoexinhowanationeswealthy,orintoday’sterms,howitdevelopseconomically.Thereareseveralreasonswhytheissuesofdevelopmentmaynotattracttheattentiontheydeservebothineconomicscoursesandintheheadlines.Mosteconomistsandreportersliveinindustrializednationswheredevelopmentproblemsarenolongerserious.Anotherreasonmaybethattheyticaltoolsofeconomicshaveproblemsdealingwithissuesofdevelopmentbecauseindividualcreativityisakeyingredientindevelopment.Someonemustseeopportunitiesanddecidehowtotakeadvantageofthem.Creativityisbyitsnaturealmostimpossibletoincorporateintheories.Theoriestrytoexinregularities,buttheessenceofcreativityisthatitproducessomethingnew,anirregularity.7Ontheotherhand,thetwentiethcenturyhashadsomeinterestingexperimentsconcerningtheconditionswhichgenerateorsupporteconomicdevelopment.TherehavebeensharpcontrastsbetweeneconomicconditionsinSouthKoreaandNorthKorea,betweenEastGermanyandWestGermany.Thoughonemayattributethesedifferencestoavarietyoffactors,onefactorthat insagreatdealofthedisparityisthestructuresofincentives ernments ernmentswhichhaveprohibited,penalizedorseverelycurtailedbusinessentrepreneurship(aformofcreativity)havegenerallyhadmuchpoorerresultsthanthosenationswhichhavenotdiscouragedentrepreneurship.Whenbusinessentrepreneurshipiseliminated,citizensareunabletosubstantiallyimprovetheirlotthrougheconomicactivity,andeithermustbecontentwiththeirstationinlifeorturntootheravenuesforimprovement,suchasthemilitary,politics,orSometimesnationsdiscouragebusinessentrepreneurshipunderthebannerofhigh-soundingdoctrines,butoftentheydosoasawayofprotectingexistingbusinessmanandothersofwealth.Onecouldarguethatthesufferingworldwidecausedbyernmentincentiveswhichdiscourageeconomicdevelopmentfarexceedthosewhichinflationandrecessionaryunemploymentcause.However,economicdevelopmentismorethanaproblemofdiscoveringsomeidealsetofernmentincentives.Thesituationslistedinthepreviousparagraphshowhowdifferentincentivesaffectthosewithasimilarculture.Inothercountriesweseethatdifferentculturalgroupsfareverydifferentlywhentheyfacesimilarincentivescomingfromernment .Forexample,intheUnitedStatespeopleof andJapaneseancestryhaveoutperformedthoseofEuropeanancestrydespiteconsiderableobstaclescedintheirway.Economicslackstoolstoexamineculturaldifferencesanddistinctions.TherolethatcultureysineconomicdevelopmenthasbeenabarriertogoodeconomictheoriesofthatItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthenewspaperinWesterncountries failstoemployreporterswhoreallyknowmacroeconomicseldomsendseconomistsandreporterstolessindustrializedattachesnoimportancetoindividualcreativityineconomic8[D]doesnotcarriesenoughdiscussionondevelopmentEconomicsisinherentlyflawedindealingwithdevelopmentproblems itnevertakesindividualactivitiesintoitismoregearedto iningregulareconomicscoursesdonotdiscussdevelopmentindustrializednationshavestoppedgrowingSouthKoreaisacountrywhere ernmenthastherightstimulatingpoliciesforindividualavarietyoffactorsareatworkwhichencourageeconomicdifferentexperimentsinthestructureofincentivesareallowedtobecarrieddevelopmentproblemsarenotserious,thusattractingnoattentionfromIn paragraphtheauthoremphasizestheroleof inbetteringtheworld.economicpoliticalanidealalloftheWhichofthefollowingkindsoffactorsare/ismostdifficulttoaccountforasfarasissuesofdevelopmentare[A]Individual9 ernmentC.CulturalD.Market

TextWhatarethecharacteristicsofamediator?Foremost,themediatorneedstobeseenasarespectedneutral,objectivethirdpartywhoiscapableofweighingoutfairnessintheresolutionofa .Themediatormustbetrustedbybothpartiestocomeupwithasolutionthatwillprotectthemfromshame.Whilethecentralissueisjustice,theeneedstobewin-win,nolosers.Theabilitiestolistenimpartially,suspendjudgment,andaccuraygatherandassessinformationareotherimportantcharacteristics.Finally,tofunctioneffectivelythemediatormusthavepower(financial,status,position),sothatbothpartieswilltakeseriouslyandabidebythemediator’sjudgment.Ifonepartyrefusedtocooperate,heorsheshouldfearthepossibilityofbeingshamedandlosingfacebeforethemediatorandthewholecommunity.Ifthatrealpossibilitydoesnotenterthemindsofbothparties,themediatorwillbeineffective.Inseveralcountriesmediatorsarestillusedtofindabrideforaman.Usuallythisisajobfortheparents,andtheyinturnemploytheservicesofamediator.Becausethiseventtakesmuchnning,theparentswilltrytoidentifythemediatorwellinadvance.Sincetheseservicessometimesrequirereward,moneymustbesaved.Orinsomecasesparentstrytodoanumberoffavorsforthemediatorsothatheorshewillfeelindebtednessandperformtheserviceasakindofrepayment.Theparentswilltrytogetthemostinfluentialmediatorpossible,toboosttheirchancesofbeingapprovedbythepotentialbride’sparents.Theyoungwoman’sparentswillnotwanttoriskshamebyturningdownarequestfromsuchan—sothereasoninggoes.Ofcourse,thehigher-rankedthemediator,thehigherthecostoftheservices.Complicatingtheprocessisthefactthatturningdownthemediatorisalsoaslightofthepotentialgroomandhisparents,whichwilllikelygeneratebetweenthefamilies.Ifthepartiesarenotcareful,theentirecommunitycantakesides.Onewaytoalleviatethiseventualityisfortheyoungwoman’sfamilytoidentifyaflawthatwouldmakeheralessdesirableprospect.Theymightsay,“Sheissickly.”or“Shemaynotbeabletobearchildren.”Althoughnoneofthesestatementsmaybetrue,andprobablyeveryoneknowstheyaren’t,theydoprovideawayfortheyoungman’sparentstowithdrawtheirrequestforalegitimatereason.Everyonesavesface,atleastatthesurface,andpeaceis Thecharacteristicsofamediatorincludeallofthefollowingexcept unbiasedjudgmentofhardprudenceindecision-impartialtreatmentto remarkableinsightintoTheauthordeemsitimportantforamediator tobequitewealthyandtobepowerfultoshameeithertojustifythesolutionof tohavehighstatustofearInsomecourtiers,youngpeople’smarriage isindependentoftheirparents’needscarefulvaluationincostsasmallfortuneoftheirisusuallyfacilitatedbyaTherequestofthegroom’sparentsmaybeturneddowntheymanagetohireaqualifiedtheymaketheirbestchoiceatalltheyoungwoman’sparentswanttolosethebride’sparentsdaretooffendtheItmaybethebestwaytoresolve theentirecommunitytoofferamediatortobeidentifiedbyboththeeofmediationtobeavalidexcusetosparebothsides’TextTheInternet,likeitsnetworkpredecessors,hasturnedouttobefarmoresocialthan evision,andinthisrespect,theimpactoftheInternetmaybemorelikethatofthe ephonethanofTV.Ourresearchhasshownthatinter alcommunicationisthedominantuseoftheInternetathome.ThatpeopleusetheInternetmainlyforinter alcommunication,however,doesnotimplythattheirsocialin ctionsandrelationshipsontheInternetarethesameastheirsocial ctionsandrelationships,orthattheirsocialusesoftheInternetwillhaveeffectscomparabletotraditionalsocialWhethersocialusesoftheInternethavepositiveornegativeeffectsmaydependonhowtheInternetshapesthebalanceofstrongandweaknetworktiesthatpeoplemaintain.Strongtiesarerelationshipsassociatedwithfrequentcontact,deepfeelingsofaffectionandobligation,whereasweaktiesarerelationshipswithsuperficialandeasilybrokenbonds,infrequentcontact,andnarrowfocus.Strongandweaktiesalikeprovidepeoplewithsocialsupport.Weaktiesincludingonlineties,areespeciallyusefulforlinkingpeopletoinformationandsocialresourcesunavailableinpeople’sclosest,localgroups.Nonetheless,strongsocialtiesaretherelationshipsthatgenerallybufferpeoplefromlife’sstressesandthatleadtobettersocialandpsychologicales.Peoplereceivemostoftheirsocialsupportfrompeoplewithwhomtheyareinmostfrequentcontact,andbiggerfavorscomefromthosewithstrongerties.Generally,strong altiesaresupportedbyphysicalproximity.TheInternetpotentiallyreducestheimportanceofphysicalproximityincreatingandmaintainingnetworksofstrongsocialties.Unlikeface-to-facein ctionoreventhe ephone,theInternetoffersopportunitiesforsocialin ctionsthatdonotdependonthedistancebetweenparties.PeopleoftenusetheInternettokeepupwiththosewithwhomtheyhavepreexistingrelationships.Buttheyalsodevelopnewrelationshipson-line.Mostofthesenewrelationshipsareweak.MUDs,newsgroups,andchatroomsputpeopleincontactwithapoolofnewgroups,buttheseon-line“mixers”aretypicallyorganizedaroundspecifictopics,oractivities,andrarelyrevolvearoundlocalcommunityandclosefamilyandfriends.Whetheratypicalrelationshipdevelopedon-lineesasstrongasatypicaltraditionalrelationshipandwhetherhavingon-linerelationshipschangesnumberorqualityofa ’stotalsocialinvolvementsareopenquestions.EmpiricalevidenceabouttheimpactoftheInternetonrelationshipsandsocialinvolvementissparse.ManyauthorshavedebatedwhethertheInternetwillpromotecommunityorundercutit.Muchofthisdiscussionhasbeenspeculativeandanecdotal,orisbasedoncross-sectionaldatawithsmallsamples.Thetextismainlythedominanceofinter strongand altiesoverthethedifferencebetweenoldandmodernrelationships.anempiricalresearchontheInternetanditsimpact.ItisimpliedinthetexttheInternet ctionscanrivaltraditionalevisionisinferior ephoneinsocialstronglinksarefarmorevalidthanweaktheInternetfeatureseveryhomeandTheword“buffer”(Para.2)canprobablybe cedby [A] [B] [C]Accordingtotheauthor,theInternetcan eliminatethehindranceoftheweakentheintimatefeelingsamongprovidepeoplewithclosephysicalenhanceourabilitytoremovesocialFromthetextwecaninferthat

[D]theevidencefortheeffectoftheInternetseemsthesocialimpactoftheInternethasbeenbarelystudiedsomediscussionsareconclusiveaboutthefunctionoftherandomsampleshavewitnessedthepositiveinfluenceoftheTextLeadershipishardlyanewareaofresearch,ofcourse.Foryears,academicshavedebatedwhetherleadersarebornormade,whethera wholackscharisma(capacitytoinspiredevotionandenthusiasm)canealeader,andwhatmakesleadersfail.WarrenG.Bennis,possiblytheworld’sforemostexpertonleading,has,togetherwithhisco-author,writtentwobest-sellersonthetopic.Generally,researchershavefoundthatyoucan’tex inleadershipbywayof ligence,birthorder,familywealthorstability,levelofeducation,race,or .Fromoneleadertothenext,there’senormousvarianceineveryoneofthoseTheauthors’researchledtoanewand lingdiscovery:thateveryleader,regardlessofage,hadundergoneatleastoneintense,transformationalexperience—whattheauthorscalla“crucible”(severetest).Theseeventscaneithermakeyouorbreakyou.Foremergingleaders,theydomoremakingthanbreaking,providingkeylessonstohelp moveaheadIfacruciblehelps toeleader,therearefouressentialqualitiesthatallowsomeonetoremainone,accordingtotheauthors.Theyare:“adaptivecapacity”thatletspeoplenotonlysurviveinevitablesetbacks,heartbreaks,anddifficultiesbutalsolearnfromthem;anabilitytoengageothersthroughsharedmeaningoracommonvision;adistinctiveandcompellingvoicethatcommunicatesone’sconvictionanddesiretodotherightthing;andasenseofintegritythatallowsaleadertodistinguishbetweengoodandevil.Thatsoundsobviousenoughtobecommon ce,untilyoulookatsomerecentfailuresthatshowhowvalidtheseopinionsare.TheauthorsbelievethatformerCoca-ColaCo.ChairmanM.DouglasIvesterlastedjust28monthsbecause“hisgraspofcontextwassorrowful.”Amongotherthings,IvesterdegradedCoke’shighest-rankingAfrican-Americanevenasthe waslosinga$200millionclassactionbroughtbyblackemployees.Procter&GambleCo.ex-CEODurkJagerlosthisjobbecausehefailedtocommunicatetheurgentneedfortheswee changeshewasmaking.It’sstriking,too,thattheauthorsfoundtheirgeezers(whoseformativeperiod,astheauthorsdefinethem,was1945to1954,andwhowereshapedbyWorldWarII)sharingwhattheybelievedtobeacriticaltrait—thesenseofpossibilityandwondermoreoftenassociatedwithchildhood.“Unlikethosedefeatedbyandage,ourgeezershaveremainedmuchlikeourgeeks(whocameofagebetween1991and2000,andgrewup“virtual,visual,anddigital”)—open,willingtotakerisks,hungryforknowledgeandexperience,courageous,andeagertoseewhatthenewdaybrings”,theauthorswrite.Thetextindicatesthatleadershipresearch hasbeenacontroversialstudyforpredictshowaleadercomestodefinesthelikelihoodtobeaprobesthemysteriesofAccordingtoBennis,thetraitsharedbyleadersconsistsof toplevelsof ligenceandeducationandremarkableabilitytoencouragepeoplewithloyaltyandstrikingqualitiesofgoingthroughserioustrialsand alitiesthatarouseadmirationandThefavorableeffectofacrucibledependsonwhetheraleader proveshimself/herselftobeanewlyemergentacceptsitasausefulexperienceforshrinksbackfromtiringandtryingdrawsimportantlessonsforhis/herAleadercanhardlymaintainhis/herpositionunlesshe/she fulfilsallnecessaryqualityhelpspeopletopreventdefeatsandfailstoattractpeoplewithcommonlacksappealingandstrengthofTheauthors’opinionscanbejustifiedbythefactthat DouglasIvesterdefeatedahighest-rankingblackemployeeinaDurkJagerwasdismissedowingtohispoorcommunicatingGeezerscouldn’terasethebrandsstampedinGeeksaresensibleenoughtomeetdangersandPartInthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.Forquestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.(10points)Itisgenerallyacceptedthattheexperiencesofthechildinhisfirstyearslargelydeterminehischaracterandlater ality.Everyexperienceteachesthechildsomethingandtheeffectsarecumulative.“Upbringing”isnormallyusedtorefertothetreatmentandtrainingofthechildwithinthehome.41) Inasocietysuchasours,bothparentsandteachersareresponsiblefortheopportunitiesprovidedforthedevelopmentofthechild,sothatupbringingandeducationareinterdependent.Theidealsandpracticesofchildrearingvaryfromculture.42) .Inmoretechnologicallydevelopedsocieties,theperiodofchildhoodandadolescencetendstobeextendedoveralongtime,resultinginmoreopportunityforeducationandgreatervarietyincharacterEarlyupbringinginthehomeisnaturallyaffectedbothbytheculturalpatternofthecommunityandbytheparents’capabilitiesandtheiraimsanddependsonlyonupbringingandeducationbutalsoontheinnateabilitiesofthechild.43) Parentscanascertainwhatisnormalinphysical,mentalandsocialdevelopment,byreferringtosomeofthemanybooksbasedonscientificknowledgeintheseareas,or,lessreliably,sincethesampleissmaller,bycomparingnoteswithfriendsandrelativeswhohavechildren.44) .Theyusegeneralinformationonlyasaguideinmakingdecisionsandsolvingproblems.Forexample,theywillneedspecificsuggestionproblemssuchasspeechdefectsorbackwardnessinlearningtowalkorcontrolofbodilyfunctions.Inthemoregeneralsense,though,problemsofupbringingarerecognizedtobeproblemsofrelationshipswithintheindividualfamily,thefirstnecessitybeingasecureemotionalbackgroundwithparentswhoareunitedintheirattitudetotheirchildren.Allparentshavetosolvetheproblemsofdomanddisciplines.Theyoungerthechild,themorereadilythemothergivesintohisdemandstoavoiddisappointing.Sheknowsthatifhisenergiesarenotgivenanoutlet,herchild’scontinuingdevelopmentmaybewarped.45) .Similarly,life,eachstagedependsonthesatisfactorycompletionoftheone ligentparents,however,realizethatparticularsettingofeachfamilyisunique,andtherecanbenorigidgeneralThisiscloselyrelatedtothetreatmentandtrainingofthechildinschools,whichisusuallydistinguishedbythetermHelpyourchildtointerpretwhatshesees—tothinkofex nationsfortheeventsdepictedandtoimaginehowtheshowisputtogether.Makesimplecritiquesofashowwithoutimplyingthatherfascinationwiththedramaandtheweaponsmakesherguiltybyassociation.Anexampleofthisistheyoungchild’sneedto ywithmudandsandandwater.Achildmustbeallowedtoenjoythis“messy”buttactilestageofdiscoverybeforeheisreadytogoontothelessphysicalpleasuresoftoysandbooks.Childrennaturallyoftenwantthetoysshownonandadvertisedduringthose Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsinto SHEET.(10points) andonewaysinwhichweorientourselvestothesituationofdailylife:whentoshakehandsandwhattosaywhenwemeetpeople,whenandhowtogivetips,howtomakepurchases,whentoacceptandwhentorefuseinvitations,whentotakestatementsseriouslyandwhennot.46)Thesecues,whichmaybewords,gestures,facialexpressions,customs,ornorms,areacquiredbyallofusinthecourseofgrowingupandareasmuchapartofourcultureasthelanguagewespeakorthebeliefsweaccept.47)Allofusdependforourpeaceofmindandourefficiencyonhundredsofthesecues,mostofwhichwedonotcarryonthelevelofconsciousawareness.broad-mindedorfullofgoodwillyoumaybeaseriesofprops支柱havebeenknockedfromunderyoufollowedbyafeelingoffrustrationandanxietyPeoplereacttothefrustrationinmuchthesamewayFirsttheyrejecttheenvironmentwhichcausesthefortThewaysofthehostcountryarebadbecausetheymakeusAnotherphaseofcultureshockisregressionThehomeenvironmentsuddenlyassumesatremendousimportanceTotheforeignereverythingesirrationallyglorified.Allthedifficultiesandproblemsareforgottenandonlythegoodthingsbackhomeareremembered.ItusuallytakestriphometobringbacktoIndividualsdiffergreatlyinthedegreeinwhichcultureshockaffectsthem.Althoughnotcommon,thereareindividualswhocannotliveinforeigncountries.Thosewhohaveseenpeoplegothroughaseriouscaseofcultureshockandontoasatisfactoryadjustmentcandiscernstepsintheprocess.Duringthefirstfewweeksmostindividualsarefascinatedbythenew.Theystayinho sandassociatewithnationalswhospeaktheirlanguageandarepoliteandgracioustoforeigners.Thishoneymoonstagemaylastfromafewdaysorweekstosixmonthsdependingoncircumstances.50)Ifoneisaveryimportant heorshebetakentotheshow ces,willbepamperedandpetted,andinapressinterviewwillspeakglowinglyaboutprogress,goodwill,andinternationalfriendship.Ifreturnshomemaywellwriteabookabouthispleasantifsuperficialexperienceabroad.SectionIIIWritingPartAspartofastudentsocialsurveyproject,youasamonitorareorganizingyourclasstovisitahistoricalexhibitioninyourcity.Writealettertoyourclassmates,informingthemofnecessaryinformationregardingtheexhibitionandencouragingthemtoparticipate.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartStudythefollowingpicturecarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoudescribethepictureInterpretitsmeaning,giveyourYoushouldwrite160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET.(202015 考研英语冲刺阶段测试答案SectionIUseofEnglish valuable[A]perfect“完美无瑕的”不对。【解析】[D]attainments造诣，成就；才能。humankind’sfutureattainments指人类未来的成就。[B]perfection 到的；可利用的。[D]accountableaccountabletofor。beaccountablefor/tobeaccountableto还可指“服从于”。知；告诉。[D]acknowledgeItisuniversallyacknowledgedthatdogshaveanacutesenseofsmell.大家都认为狗的嗅成长、发展或形成的内在能力或才能。[B]preference优先权；[C]affection喜爱；[D]passion [C]similarto[D]unlike【解析】biological，“生物的，生物学的”。这句话意思是“因此语言的发展有非常关键的时期”。的成长是生物变化的过程，而作为语言发展的物质基础的大脑也是生物变化的过程。[A]psychological心理的，心理学上的；[B]emotional①易动感情的；容易激动的②感情的；情绪的；[D]ideological的。【解析】下文“however当前的讨论是意见不一的”。mixed相同的； 选项都不合逻辑：Inshort“简言之”；Inotherwords“换言之”；Inaway“在某种程度上”。 。例：todisclosethetruth透露真情。[B]revealed①显露。例：adressthatrevealsall全露的衣服②泄露；透露。例：torevealasecret [C]immersed(常与in连用)浸入。 的，意思上表示转折。[A]Because因为；[B]Incase以防；可能；倘若；[D]If“如果”，表条件。 系”；inahurry“匆匆地”。 ction意为“相互作用”，in ctionwithothers指的是“与人交往”。“Thisdemonstrates…”提示，本句当进一步说明上 [A]manipulation操作，控制， ；[B]inheritance继承，继承的行动，继承物；[C]interpretation解释；说明；翻译。SectionIIReadingPartAText21．[D]第二段提到，发展问题之所以在经济学课程和报章中没有受到应有的重视，是由几个原因造成的。多数和居住在工业化国家，在够。[C]意为：不重视经济活动中的创造力。 23．[A]对创造力（的发挥）第三段提到，就促生和支持经济发展的条件而言，20世纪提供了某些有趣的实验。根据本段第三句，这里所说的conditions实际上指制定的用。[C]意为：允许对激励制度开展不同实验。 Text[B]细节题。据第1段第5、6句可知，[B]“相当富有且考虑周全”为正确答案。[A]“有足够 [A]句义题。题干中的 [D]细节题。题干中“thebestwaytoresolvea Text【D经验得到的、有关因特网对关系与社会交往产生的影响的很少，有关这个问题的许多讨论都是猜测性的、轶事性的。这说明，本文主要是根据介绍有关网络产生的影响的研究。D与此意符合，可以表达本文的，为正确答案。AC；B不能表达本文 大。B与此意符合，为正确答案。A是针对第一段最后一句话设置的干扰项，与文意不符合；C是针对第二段设置的干扰项，与文意不符合；D属于无中生有。【C系，是那些产生更好的社会和心理效果的关系。根据“leadtobettersocialandpsychologicales”以及该词的宾语“life’sstresses”可该词可能的意思是“使……免于……”。C是对该词的同义替换，为正确答案。A和D是误解了该词的意思，B 确，因为alleviate不与from搭配使用。【A设置的干扰项，与文意不符合；D Text此文主要介绍一些学者对才能构成要素的研究。第一段，研究人员对于什么样的人能够成为者这一问题并无定论；第二段说明，某些学者的研究成果显示，经受住严酷考验是众多者的共同特征；第三段介绍了成为的四大关键因素，并在第四段中举出具体事例来说明这些素质的重要性；最后一段举出了众多者共有的另一关键特征：对于未来的可能性充满期待、追求和渴望。36.[D]推论题。第一段第二句表明，多年来，研究者们一直就构成和 38.[B]判断题题干的 39.[A]细节题。题干中的“maintainhis/herposition”相当于第三段第一句中的“r