2021届天津市双闸中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析

2021届天津市双闸中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AInhis402ndanniversaryyear,Shakespeareisstillrightlycelebratedasagreatlanguagemasterandwriter.Buthewasnottheonlygreatmasterofplaywritingtodiein1616,andheiscertainlynottheonlywritertohaveleftalastinginfluenceontheater.Whilelessknownworldwide,TangXianzuisconsideredoneofChinasgreatestplaywrightsandishighlyspokenofinthatcountryofancientliteraryanddramatictraditions.Tangwasbornin1550inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince.UnlikeShakespeare'slargebodyofplays,poemsandsonnets（十四行诗）,Tangwroteonlyfourmajorplays:ThePurpleHairpin,PeonyPavilion（《牡丹亭》）,ADreamundertheSouthernbough,andDreamofHandan.Thelatterthreewereconstructedaroundadreamnarrative,awaythroughwhichTangunlockedtheemotionaldimensionofhumandesiresandambitionsandexploredhumannaturebeyondthesocialandpoliticallimitsofthattime.SimilartoShakespeare,Tang'ssuccessrodethewaveofarenaissance（复兴）intheaterasanartisticpractice.AsinShakespeare'sEngland,Tang'sworksbecamehugelypopularinChinatoo.DuringTang'sChina,hisplayswereenjoyedperformed,andchanged.KunquOpera,aformofmusicaldrama,spreadfromsouthernChinatothewholenationandbecameasymbolofChineseculture.Combiningnortherntuneandsouthernmusic,kunquOperawasknownforitspoeticlanguage,music,dancemovementsandgestures.Tang'sworksbenefitedgreatlyfromthepopularityofkunquOpera,andhisplaysareconsideredclassicsofkunquOpera.WhileTangandShakespearelivedinaworldawayfromeachother,therearemanythingstheyshareincommon,suchehumanityoftheirdrama,theirheroicfigures,theirloveforpoeticlanguage,alastingpopularityandtheanniversaryduringwhichwestillcelebratethem.WhyisShakespearementionedinthefirstparagraph?TodescribeShakespeare'sanniversary.TointroducetheexistenceofTangXianzu.ToexplaintheimportanceofShakespeare.TosuggestthelesspopularityofTangXianzu.What'spossiblyoneofthemainthemeofTang'sworks?Socialreality.Femaledreams.C.Humanemotions. D.Politicalenvironment.WhatdoestheauthormainlytellusinParagraph4?TheinfluenceofKunquOperaonTang'sworks.Tang'ssuccessincopyingShakespeare'sstyles.ThewayKunquOperabecameasymbolofChineseculture.Tang'spopularityforhispoeticlanguageandmusic.BThursday,twoRussiansubmarines（潜艇）diveddown2.5milesintotheArcticOceanandplantedanationalflagontoapieceofcontinentalshelfknownastheLomonosovRidge.RisingfromthecenteroftheArcticBasin,theflagsentaclearmessagetothesurroundingnations:Russiahadjustlaidclaim（权利）tothevastoilandgasreservescontainedinthisunderwaterarea.AfterRussia,theUnitedStates,Norway,SwedenandFinlandarealltryingtogainprofit.ProjectionsshowthattheareaoflandandseathatfallswithintheArcticCircleishometoanestimated90billionbarrelsofoil,anincredible13%ofEarth’sreserves.It’salsoestimatedtocontainalmostaquarterofuntappedglobalgasresources.Butlongbeforethisoilracebegan,howdidtheArcticbecomesorichinenergy?“ThefirstthingyourealizeisthattheArctic—unliketheAntarctic—isanoceansurroundedbycontinents”,AlastairFraser,ageoscientistfromImperialCollegeLondon,said.Firstly,thismeansthere’sahugequantityoforganicmaterialavailable,intheformofdeadseacreaturessuchasplanktonandalgae,whichformthebasisofwhatwillultimatelybecomeoilandgas.Secondly,thesurroundingringofcontinentsmeansthattheArcticBasincontainsahighproportionofcontinentalcrust（大陆地壳）,whichmakesupabout50%ofitsoceanicarea.That’ssignificantbecausecontinentalcrusttypicallycontainsdeepdepressionscalledbasins,intowhichorganicmattersinks.Here,itgetsinsertedinrockandpreservedinanoxic（缺氧）waters,meaningtheycontainlittleoxygen.“Normally,inashallowseawithlotsofoxygen,itwouldnotbepreserved.Butiftheseaisdeepenough,theoxygenatedwatersatthetopwillbeseparatedfromtheanoxicconditionsatthebase,”Fraserexplained.Conservedwithintheseoxygen-freebasins,themattermaintainscompoundsthatfinallymakeitusefulasanenergysourceformillionsofyearsinthefuture.WhydidRussiaplantanationalflagontotheLomonosovRidge?Totellsurroundingcountriesitsarmedforces.Toshowitsadvancedtechnologyofsubmarines.ToshowabundantnaturalresourcesintheArcticBasin.Toclaimitsprivilegetoexploreforoilandgasinthearea.What’sthefunctionofthelastsentenceinparagraph2?A.Makingacomparison. B.Servingasaconnectinglink.C.Analyzingthecauseandeffect. D.Drawingtheconclusionofthetext.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?Oxygenonlyexistsinthetoppartoftheocean.Organicmaterialsmostlyexistinthebasinswithoxygen.Watercontainingoxygenturnsorganicmaterialsintooilandgas.Oxygen-freeenvironmentcountsintheformationofthearctic’srichenergy.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatmakestheArcticattractive? B.WhydomanynationsfocusontheArctic?C.WhyistheresomuchoilintheArctic? D.HowdoestheArcticBasincomeintobeing?CAtriptothelibrarywaslikeagreatjourneytoadifferentcountry.Togetthere,wehadtowalkamile.Butourweeklyjourneystothelibrarywereapieceofperfection.IhadaroundmeatonetimeallthepeopleIlovedbest-myfatherandmotherandbrothersandsister--andallthethingsIlovedbest-quiet,spaceandbooks.Ireadalotofbooksaboutscience:notthespaceshipsmybrotherspreferred,butthebirdsandthebees--literally.Ibroughthomeabookofbirdsandsearchedthetreesforanythingotherthanrobins（知更鸟）.Iwentthroughaphraseoflovingbookswithpracticalscienceexperimentsandusedupawholebottleofwhitevinegarbypouringitonthesidesofourapartmentbuildingtoprovethatitwasconstructedoflimestone（石灰石）.OneSaturday,asIwanderedthroughtheyoungadultsection,Isawatitle:LittleWomen,byLousiaMayAlcott.Ihadlearnedfromexperiencethattitlesweren’teverything.Abookthatsoundedgreatontheshelfcouldbedullonceyougotithome.SoIsatinachairneartheshelvestoskimthefirstparagraphs.IreadandreadandreadLittleWomenuntilitwastimetowalkhome,and,exceptforafewessentialinterruptionslikesleepingandeating,Ididnotputitdownuntiltheend.EventhefreedomtowatchweekendtelevisionheldnoappealformeinthewakeofAlcott'sstory.Itwasaboutgirls,foronething,girlswhocouldalmostbelikeme,especiallyJo.IhadfoundsomeonewhothoughtandfeltthewayIdid.Whatcanwesayabouttheauthor’sfamily?Theyenjoyedtravelingabroad.Theywerelibraryfrequenters.C.Theywereveryfondofwalking. D.Theyledaperfectlyquietlife.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowinparagraph2?Herdifferenthobbiesfromherbrothers.Howsheconductedscienceexperiments.Whyshelovedbooksaboutthebirdsandthebees.Herreadinginterestsduringaparticularperiodoftime.Whatopiniondoestheauthorholdonbooks?Booktitlescansometimesbemisleading.Sciencebooksareasinterestingasnovels.Thefirstfewparagraphsofabookareattractive.Booksseemdullerwhenreadinlibrariesthanathome.HowwouldtheauthordescribeLittleWomen?Ithelpedhertodiscoverhertruecharacter.Itmadeherforgetaboutfoodandsleep.Itinspiredconfidenceinher.Itkeptherabsorbed.D“They’reharmingyourbrain.”“They’reruiningyoureyes.”“They’returningyouintoaviolentperson.”Thewordssaidpubliclyagainstvideogamesaresocommon,butaretheseworriesfoundedonactualscience?Countlessstudieshaveoffereddifferentopinionsonwhethervideogamesarebadforyou.We’veroundedupthemostnotablereportsandstudiesbelow,soyoucanweighuptheevidenceforyourself.In2013声$丫小01081$1（心理学家）SimoneKuhnstudiedtheinfluencesofspendinglonghoursonvideogamesonthebrainsofyoungadultsandfoundthatseveralareasbecamebiggerthanbefore.Theseareasareconnectedwithhighercognitivefunctions（认知功能）,memoryformationandfinemotor（精细运动）function.Lastyear,psychologistssaidthatvideogameplayerswhofavourviolentgamesaremorelikelytobeviolentwhenoffline.Dr.MarkAppelbaumoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationsaidthattherewasarelationbetweenviolentvideogameuseandincreasesinviolentbehaviour.Dr.DaphneBavelierisanexpertinthefieldofBrain&CognitiveSciences.Bavelierpresentedtheaudiencewithacolour-wordtest,wherenon-gamersareeasilypuzzledbythetest,andthosewhospendlongperiodsplayingontheircomputersaremorelikelytopassthetestwithflyingcolours.“Actually,thosevideogameplayershavemanyotheradvantagesintermsofattention,”saidBavelier,“andonepartofattentionwhichisalsoimprovedforthebetterisourabilitytofollowthemovementsofobjects.”“So,inasense,whenwethinkabouttheinfluenceofvideogamesonthebrain,it’sverysimilartotheinfluenceofwineonthehealth.Therearesomeverypoorusesofwine.Therearesomeverypoorusesofvideogames.Butwhendrunkinreasonableamounts,andattherightage,winecanbeverygoodforhealth,”saidBavelier.WhatcanbelearnedfromSimoneKuhn’sstudy？Videogamesmakeyouhappier.Videogamesmakeyourbraingrow.Videogamesplayakeyroleinmemory.Videogamesteachyouhowtolearnfast.WhatwasDr.MarkAppelbaum’sattitudetowardsvideogames？A.Hewasagainstthem. B.Hewashopefulofthem.C.Hewasinfavourofthem. D.Hewasuncertainaboutthem.WhichofthefollowingmayDr.DaphneBavelieragreewith？Videogamesfixattentionproblems.Videogamesmakekidsdowellinexams.Videogamesencourageviolentbehaviour.Videogameshelpincreasecolourknowledge.Whyaretheusesofwinementionedinthelastparagraph？Toremindpeopletoavoidvideogames.Toshowthedisadvantagesofvideogames.Tohelppeoplelearnmoreaboutvideogames.D.Toaskpeopletomakegooduseofvideogames.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Mannersareasetofpracticesandformswhicharefollowedinawidevarietyofsituations.Ifyouareanewcomertoaparticularculture,learningtheserulescanbeverychallenging.___16___Itissafetoassumethatthereisaruleineverysituationonemightencounter.___17___That’swhymanypeoplestudymannersbeforetravellingorenteringanewsocialcircletoensurethattheyaren’tconsideredtobeimpoliteoraggressive.___18___Forexample,theconceptofgreetingpeoplepolitelyandwithrespectiscommontopeopleofmanycultures,althoughthewayinwhichrespectisexpressedmayvary.InsomeAsiancountries,forexample,peoplemayboworgrasptheirhandstogetherwhengreetingsomeone,whileintheUnitedStates,peopleoftenshakehandsorhugeachother.Theconsequencesofmistakesinmannersmayvary.___19___Asaresult,thepeoplepresentatthetimeofthemistakemightformanegativeimpressionofyou.Atworst,amistakecouldcostafriendshiporajob,andinsomeregionsoftheworld,aseriousonecouldcostyouyourlife.Bytreatingpeopleasrespectfullyasyoucanandbyusingcommonsense,youwillprobablyavoidmostdangerousbehavior-relatedsituations.___20___ItisespeciallyimportanttolearnsuchguidesinthelibraryorontheInternetinadvanceincaseconflictsarecausedthoughtlessly.Therulesofmannersgovernhowpeoplebehave.Actuallyevenoldhandssometimeshaveatoughtime.Mannersbeginwhenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime.Butthegoodnewsisthatitisverysimpletolearnmanners.Ataminimum,youmightmakeothersfeelslightlyawkward.F.Andtherulesofmannersofdifferentculturescanbequitedifferent.G.However,ifyouareplanningtoenteranunfamiliarculture,itpaystodoresearch.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项完形填空（30分）WhenthehostannouncedthatmychoirwonthesecondplaceoftheWorldChoirGame.Icouldn'tbelievewhatIheard.Allthe___21___thatwemadeearntheirmeaning.Throughthisunforgottenexperience,I___22___much.Inthesemi-finals,weweresupposedtosingfoursongs.Whenweplayedthethirdsong.Isuddenlyheardanunexpected23—agirlinthealto（女低音）gotquick.Theotherstudentsinthealtowere24bythegirlandweregettingquickerandquicker.Ourchoir'sleader,Mrs.Linoticeditand___25___usedherhandtokeeptime,butshe___26___.Afterthesong,thesmileonMrs.Li'sface___27___andsomeofourmembersturnedandtriedtofindthepersonwhofirstgot___28___.Mymindwasblank,butquicklyI___29___theonlythingwecoulddowasto___30___theperformance.Thenwithasmile,Mrs.Libecamea___31___again,whoseemedtohavetotallyforgotwhatwehaddone.Wesangthe___32___songasusual.Afterthecompetition,Iwas___33___.Justbecauseofoneperson's___34___,thewholechoirmust___35___thefactthatwemightlosethegame.Icried,butthenIfoundnothingwouldchangenomaterhowhardwe___36___thegirlwhoplayedpoorly.___37___,Icametoher,encouragedher,andpracticedthewholemelodywithher.Inthefinals,wegotthemedalbecauseofour___38___performance.Neverblameapersonwhenshemakesamistake,buthelphertosolvetheproblemwhenyouarestruggling___39___thesamegoalnomatterwhatyouwillexperiencewithothersinthefuture,successesorfailures,___40___ortears,thesewillsurelybecomeyourprecioustreasureandmemory.21.A.effortsB.promisesC.sensesD.differences22.A.consideredB.forgotC.respectedD.learned23.A.rapB.shoutC.song D.voice24.A.ledawayB.drivenawayC.givenoutD.turneddown25.A.similarlyB.graduallyC.immediatelyD.particularly26.A.succeededB.failedC.respondedD.ignored27.A.meltedB.frozeC.appearedD.stopped28.A.wrongB.familiarC.badD.slow29.A.missedB.heardC.realizedD.proved30.A.startB.haveC.beginD.complete31.A.singerB.conductorC.dancerD.worker32.A.lateB.onlyC.last D.first33.A.disappointedB.puzzledC.interestedD.satisfied34.A.successB.faultC.energyD.opinion35.A.denyB.offerC.affordD.refuse36.A.encouragedB.blamedC.calledD.greeted37.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Besides38.A.badB.commonC.ordinaryD.perfect39.A.upB.outC.in D.towards40.A.mistakeB.surpriseC.laughterD.sadness第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式LouisCha(Chinese:ChaLeungYung;10March1924-30October2018),betterknownbyhispennameJinYong,wasaChinesewuxianovelistandessayist,___41.___co-foundedtheHongKongdailynewspaperMingBaoin1959andservedas___42.___firsteditor-in-chief.He___43.___(be)HongKong’smostfamouswriter.HiswuxianovelshaveawidespreadfollowinginChinesecommunitiesworldwide.His15works___44.___(write)between1955and1972earnedhimareputationasoneofthegreatestandmostpopularwuxiawritersever.Bythetimeofhisdeathhewasthebest-sellingChineseauthor,andover100million___45.___(copy)ofhisworkshavebeensoldworldwide.AccordingtoTheOxfordGuidetoContemporaryWorldLiterature,JinYong’sNovelsare___46.___(high)evaluatedandareabletoappealtobothhighbrowandlowbrowtastes.Hisworkshavetheunusualability___47.___(go)beyondgeographicalandideologicalbarriersseparatingChinesecommunitiesoftheworld,achieving___48.___(great)successthananyothercontemporarywriter.Hisworks___49.___(translate)intomanylanguages’includingEnglish,French,Korean,Japanese,Vietnamese,Thai,Burmese,Malayand