英语阅读-阅读练习

InformationMatching:

Directions:Youaregoingtoreadapassagewith10statementsattachedtoit.

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifythe

paragraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraph

morethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.

Passage1

Hardtimes

AMoneyworriesarepartandparcelofuniversitylife,butrecenteventsinthe

worldoffinance,nottomentionrisingfoodprices,aremakingittougherforstudents-

fromlivingcostsasundergraduatestoemploymentprospectsoncetheyhave

graduated.Butaretheybothered?

BRaymondSawyer,agraphicdesignundergraduateatNewCollegeDurham,says

heisconcernedbythenaivetyofsomeofhisfellowstudentswhendealingwiththeir

finances.'Tmsurprisedbythelackofmaturitysomeofthemhavewhenitcomesto

money/9hesays."Wehadbeenatcollegeforjustoveraweekwhensomeofmy

fellowstudentsgottheirgrantsthrough-andtheirfirstthoughtwasspendingmoney

onclothesandplanningnightsout,whichIcouldn'tbeliever.Manystudentsseem

unawareofthestateoftheeconomyrightnow.^^Sawyersaystheprevailingeconomic

conditionshaveinfluencedhischoiceofwheretostudy.Helivesathome,justafew

milesfromhiscollege,whichmeansheisabletorunaWebdesignbusinessthat

helpseasehismoneyworries.<aRentandmortgagesarecostlythesedaysandIguess

thafswhatswayedmetowardstudyinglocally,“hesays."Ionlyhavetospendthree

daysaweekatcollegeandIcantraveleasilybycar,devotingtherestofmytimeto

developingmybusiness/9

CSawyercountshimselffortunatethatheisself-employed.Arecentsurvey

commissionedbyrecruitmentagencyReedreckonsthatoverhalfofgraduatesare

“concerned''withfindingajobinthecurrentclimate.Jobsecurityisalsobecominga

majorconcern;oneinfourgraduatessaytheywouldbewillingtosacrificeuptofive

percentoftheirincomeinexchangeforjobsecurityforthreeyears.Asignificant

numberofgraduatesaremovingtowardcreativemarketingandmediasectors,

shunningCityjobs,andwatchingbanksandotherfinancialservicesfirmsfallover

hasbeenparticularlydishearteningforstudentswhohadplannedtoworkinthe

SquareMile（伦敦金融城）.Reportssuggestthatmanyarenowalsoconsidering

teachingasanoption.

D"Withmanyrecentgraduatesstilllookingforjobsinadifficulteconomicclimate,

undergraduatesneedtorememberthereisaserioussidetouniversity,cautions

Reed'smarketinghead,MarkRhodes."It'simportantthatincominguniversity

studentshaveaneyeontheirfuture.Rhodeswarnsstudentsnottoleavetheir

job-huntingtoolate."Ifyouaretryingtogetontoagraduateprogramfbrtheyear

yougraduate,youmayhavetostartpreparingatthestartofyourthirdyeartoavoid

missingthedeadlines/9hesays.Rhodesalsoadvisesspeakingwithauniversity

careersadviserattheearliestopportunitytogetthelatestnewsonjobsavailable.

ENickWasson-Jones,whohasrecentlygraduatedinengineeringfromthe

UniversityofSheffield,saysthenextfewmonthswillbetough."Myadviceto

studentsistogetsomerelevantworkexperience,hesays."Ihaven'tbeenabletoget

pasttheCVstageandIthinkthat'sbecauseIcan'tdemonstratethatIhaveworkedin

thefieldIamlookingtoenter.ItIcouldgobacktomyuniversitydays,Iwould

definitelydosomeworkexperienceinmyfirstorsecondyearbeforeIgotstuckinto

mydissertationandexamsinmyfinalyear.”

FThird-yearstudentDanielleMaughanhasworkedapart-timejobsinceshe

startedhercriminologyandpsychologycourseatLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversity,

butshesaysshe'sfindingittoughertomakeendsmeet."I'veworkedinalocalpub

sincestartinguniversity,:shesays,“butthingsaregettinghardernow.mystudentloan

justcoversmyrentfortheyear,sohavingajobisessential.^^YetMaughanadmitsto

beingpooratmanagingherfinances."I'mnotgreatwithmoneytostartwith,so

thingscangetalittletough.”

GUnfortunatelymanystudentsarerespondingtothefinancialcrisisbyburyingtheir

headinthesand,allowingmoneyproblemstosnowballasgraduationdrawsnearer.A

surveyconductedbytheNationalUnionofStudentsconcludesthatmanystudentsare

unawareofeventhebasiccostsofliving,anddon'thavetheinformationand

guidancetheyneedtomanagetheirownfinances.Thesurveysuggeststhatthe

averagecostofuniversitylifeisnearly$450ayearhigherthanstudentsexpect.

HInaddition,somestudentsareoverlyoptimisticaboutbeingabletoreceive

financialsupportintheformofbursaries（奖学金）.Thesurveyshowthat42percent

believetheywillbeeligible,whereasonly28percentreceiveone.Theissueof

bursariesisfurthercomplicatedbyconfusionoverwhatstudentsareactuallyentitled

to-leadingtothousandsofeligiblestudentsfailingtoclaimlastyear,saystheOffice

forFairAccess.

I"It'sclearthatstudentshavenoideaofthecostsoflivingwhengoingtouniversity,

saysLucyPayne,HSBC'syouthandstudentmanager,"butlefsfaceit,howmanyof

usdid?”HSBChasdevelopedawebsitetoofferadviceinadditiontothestudent

advisersinitsbranches.

J“Wearegettingasteadystreamofenquiries,especiallyfrommaturestudents,says

JemmaSamuels,managerofstudentcharityUniaid."Ouraimistohelpstudentsplan

forthecostsoflivingbeforetheygettouniversity.Thereisplentyofsupportaround,

butstudentsdon'talwaysknowwheretogetit.Mosttendtorelyonfriendsand

parentsforadvice,whichmaybeinaccurateorsimplyoutofdate.Theproblemis

particularlybadforinternationalstudents,whocanrunintohardshipveryquickly.”

Uniaidrunstrainingeventsforstudentsandhasaseriesofonlinetoolsthatcanbe

usedtocalculatecostsandkeepundergraduatesabreastofwhatsupporttheycan

access.

1.Universitystudents9lifeishardduetotheincreaseoflivingcostsandtheir

uncertainemploymentprospects.

2.Statisticsshowthat42percentofthestudentsbelievetheyarequalifiedto

getbursariesbutsomefailtoreceiveoneatlast.

3.Twenty-fivepercentofgraduatesarewillingtosacrificeuptofivepercent

oftheirincomeforthree-yearemploymentstability.

4.Undergraduatescancalculatetheirlivingcostsandknowwhatsupportthey

cangetthroughtrainingeventsandsomeonlinetools.

5.Anundergraduatewiththeplanforgraduatestudyshouldstartthe

preparationworkasearlyasthebeginningofhisthirdyear.

6.Itishelpfultogetsomerelevantworkexperiencenthefirstorsecondyear

atuniversitytogetajobinthefieldonewantstoenter.

7.Withbanksandfinancialservicesfirmscollapsingoneafteranother,many

studentswhoplannedtoworkinthefieldoffinancefelldisheartenedandturnto

otherjobsliketeaching.

8.Manystudentsneglectthefinancialcrisis,andthusfacemoreandmore

seriousmoneyproblemswithgraduationcomingnearerandnearer.

9.Somestudentsareunawareofthepresenteconomicstateandimmediately

thinkofspendingthemoneyonclothesandentertainmentoncetheygettheirgrants.

10.Friendsandparentsmayofferunreliableoroutdatedadviceonfinancial

issues.

Passage2DegreesAreGreat,butInternshipsMakeaDifference

ATraditionally,earningacollegedegreehasbeencauseforcelebration.Formost,the

achievementsignaledtheonsetofadulthoodandofferedthepromiseofacareerthat

wouldstartinmeremonths,ifnotweeks.Butintoday'sjobmarket,undergraduates

wholeaveschoolarmedonlywithadegreemaynotbesofortunate.

BIn2000,morethan1.2millionpeoplereceivedbachelor'sdegreesintheUnited

States.Thisyear,thatnumberisexpectedtorise30percenttomorethan1.6million,

accordingtoestimatesbytheNationalCenterforEducationStatistics.Thathikehas

faroutpacedthecountry'sincreaseinpopulationoverthepastdecade,triplingthe

CensusBureau'sprojectedrateofpopulationgrowthoverthesameperiod."Withthe

increasednumberofstudents,ifI'manemployeroramedicalschoolorbusiness

school,findingastudentwhohasagoodGPAisn*tparticularlytoughanymore,nsays

DanGomez-Palacio,assistantdirectorofcareerservicesatWestminsterCollegein

Missouri."So,whatisgoingtoseparateyoufromyourpeers?"

CTheanswer:internships.Universityofficialsandemployersalmostuniversally

maintainthatpartakinginaninternship-orseveral,whichsetsastudentapartfrom

hisorherpeersevenmore-beforegraduationisintegraltofindingmeaningful

employmentintoday'sseeminglyimpenetrablejobmarket.Morethanever,schools

acrossthecountryarepushingstudentsofallmajorstowardinternships,andseveral

haveevenaddedthemtotheirgraduationrequirements."Theseinternshipsgivethese

studentsanedgethattheywouldnothaveotherwise,'1saysPatriciaCormier,president

ofLongwoodUniversityinVirginia,whichrequiresaninternshipofallgraduates."It

alwaysamazesmethathighereducationdidn*tthinkofthissooner.Formeit'sa

no-brainer.Ifyou'regoingtopositionyourstudentswell,you'vegottogivethemthis

exposurebeforetheygraduate71

DLongwood,withanenrollmentofroughly4,800,saw74percentoftheir2008

graduatingclassattainjobswithinsixmonthsofgraduation,despitethefactthat

studentswerethrustintooneoftheworstjobmarketsonrecord.Twoyearsago,

officialsatEasternConnecticutStateUniversitydecidedtoinstituteapre-professional

experiencerequirementforstudents.RhonaFree,vicepresidentofacademicaffairsat

EasternConnecticut,saystheschoolwantsnotonlytoeducatestudentsbuttoprepare

themfbrtheirworkinglivesafterschoolthroughexperience-basedlearning.

n[Students]worry,IfTmanEnglishmajor,canIgetajob?'nshesays."Wewant

themtoknowthatbeforetheyleavehere,theywillhavebeeninasettingthat'slike

onethey*!!gotoworkin.0

EWhilesmallerschoolsareabletoensurethattheirstudentscanmeetthe

internshiprequirementbyfonningpartnershipswithlocalcompaniesandworking

one-on-onewithstudentstofacilitatetheirhuntforaninternship,thetaskismore

dauntingfbrlargerschools.Findinganemployerbasenearalargeuniversitythatcan

supporttheinfluxofthousandsofinternsisadaunting,ifnotimpossible,task.For

thatreason,manylargeschoolshaveshiedawayfromrequiringinternshipsbutstill

takepainstoimparttheimportanceofworkexperiencetotheirstudents.Plus,some

programswithinlargerinstitutionsdorequireinternships.It'sacommonpracticein

fieldswherepriorworkexperienceisintegraltothehiringprocess,likebusinessand

journalism/communications.

FTheCollegeofLiberalArtsandSciencesatVillanovaUniversityinPennsylvania

doesnotrequireinternships,butstudentsareE-mailedaweeklylistofinternship

openingsandareconstantlyremindedoftheirimportance.Thecollege'swebsiteeven

proclaims:"INTERNSHIPS...don'tleaveVillanovawithoutone!”Suchmarketing

effortshavepaidoff.Theschoolhasseena30percentjumpinenrollmentin

internshipsinthepastthreeyearsalone.Sucheffortsarelauded（称赞）bylarge

employersthathireabulkoftheirinterns.AccountinggiantPricewaterhouseCoopers,

forinstance,drawsmorethan70percentofitsnewhiresfromitsinternshipprogram.

"Schoolsthatfocusinonaccommodatinginternshipsaspartoftheircourse

curriculumpositiontheirstudentsverywellforfutureemployment,0saysHollyPaul,

nationalrecruitingleaderatPricewaterhouseCoopers.

GRecentgraduateswho'velistenedtosuchadvicearereapingtherewards.Ryan

Mossman,whograduatedfromBostonCollegewithadegreeinEnglishinMay2009,

saidthatalthoughBCdidnotrequirethathetakeaninternship,theschoolregularly

toutedtheirimportance.Afteradiscouragingjobsearchinthemonthsleadingupto

hisgraduation,Mossmandecidedaninternshipwasthebest,ifnotonly,wayforhim

tolaunchhiscareer.Insteadofaimlesslysearchingforjobopeningsasheclaims

manyofhispeersdidaftergraduation,hetookaninternshipatLVMGroup,a

public-relationsfirm,soonaftergraduating.Theinternshipeventuallyledtoa

full-timepositionasanassistantaccountexecutivewiththecompany.Meanwhile,he

saysmanyofhisfriendssitathomewiththeirdegrees,waitingforajobtofallin

theirlaps."HadInottakenapost-graduationinternship,IthinkI'dbeinthesame

positiontheyare/hesays.

1.Thegrowthrateofpeoplewhoreceivedbachelor'sdegreeswasthreetimes

thatofpopulationoverthesameperiodintheUnitedStates.

2.Nowadays,undergraduateswholeaveschoolonlywithadegreemayhave

difficultyinfindingajob.

3.AcollegeinPennsylvaniaoftenremindsitsstudentsoftheimportanceof

internships.

4.UniversitiesacrosstheUnitedStatesareencouraginginternshipsamong

theirstudentsandsomeevenincludethemintheirgraduationrequirements.

5.Itisverydifficultforalargeuniversitytofindanearbyinternshipbasefor

itsstudents.

6.Graduateswhotakeinternshipsmayfindfull-timepositions,whilethose

whosticktoaimlessjobsearchingmayendupwithnothing.

7.HollyPaul,arecruitmentofficer,thinkshighlyofthoseuniversitiesthat

includeinternshipsintheircoursecurriculumfortheirstudents9betteremployment

prospects.

8.Inthepast,auniversitydegreeindicatedthearrivalofadulthoodandthe

beginningofajobwithinashorttime.

9.Forjournalismmajors,theirpriorworkexperienceisessentialtothehiring

process.

10.Totheamazementofauniversitypresident,highereducationwasnot

quickinactiontomakestudentstakeinternshipsbeforetheirgraduation.

BankedCloze

Fillintheblanksbyselectingsuitablewordsfromthewordbank.Youmaynot

useanyofthewordmorethanonce.

Passage3

TheCarnegieHeroFundCommission,alsoknownasCarnegieHeroFund,wasestablished

torecognizepersonswhoperformextraordinaryactsofheroismincivilianlifeintheUnited

StatesandCanada.TheFundaimstoprovidefinancial1____forthosedisabledandthe

dependentsofthose____2____whensavingorattemptingtosaveothers.Thosechosenfor

recognition3___theCarnegieMedalandbecomeeligiblefor4aidandother

benefits.Aprivateoperatingfoundation,theHeroFundwas5____inPittsburgh,

Pennsylvania,in1904withatrustfundof$5millionbyAndrewCarnegie,a

Scottish・Americanindustrialistandphilanthropist(慈善家).OnJanuary25,1904,6___by

theheroismatacoalminedisasterinHarwick,Pennsylvania,AndrewCarnegiedecidedtotoss

someofhis7wealthtoupholdtheidealthat“heroesandthosedependentupon

themshouldbefreedformpecuniary(金钱上的)caresresultingfromtheirheroism.^^

Thecommissionhasjust8itslatestbatchofheroes,bringingthetotalnumberupto

9,111.

Thisiswhattheydidtobecomeheroes:runintoburningbuildingsandcars;fightoffmenwith

knivesandsnappingdogs;diveintowaterforflailingpeople;goafterpeoplehangingoffcliffs.

Andthosethingsmustbedonebya"civilianwhoknowingly9hisorherownlife

toa(n)10degreewhilesavingorattemptingtosavethelifeofanotherperson.^^

AreceiveFindustrialKinspired

BawardedGrecentLassistantance

CacceptHestablishedMextraordinary

DscholarshipIrisksNkilled

EendangerJadmiredOcertain

..9.10.

Passage4

Chinahasabout1.3billionpeoplewithdifferentethnic,socialeconomicandcultural

backgrounds.Herewecan,1,onlyspeakaboutthetraditionalor

dominantlifestylewhichismoreorlesstypicaloftheChinesenationasa2.

Generallyspeaking,theChinesepeople3aplainlifestyleandlivein

harmonywithnature.Aprettyflowerora4mooncanmeanalotofthings

forChinesepeople,dependingonthecircumstance.

Chinesecultureisomnipresent(无处不在的).Chinesestringedinstrument),

(//(Chinesechess),shu(calligraphy)andhua(painting)arethefourmostpopular

traditionalformsof5.Thepointisnothowgoodyoucanbecome;

6,itisthemoodandatmospherethatmatter.Itisatemperingofthe

character.ThereisaJ^(literally,wayorpath)foreverything.PlayingChinesechess,

forexample,isnotjustfor7.Inthe8_ofplaying,onecanlearnthe

artofself-composure(自我镇定)andthespiritofdetachmentfromfameandgain.

Another9___elementinChinesecultureisstayingingoodhealth.Qigongisa

popularformofexercise.Bycoordinatingbreathingandmentalconditions,qigong

10thetraditionalthinkingofintegratinghumansintotheuniverse.

AentertainmentFprominentKprefer

BwholeGminorLlikes

CratherHmajorMprocess

DreflectsIthereforeNsponsoring

EwinningJfullOregardless

..9.10.

Passage5

Whensomecollegestudentsareenjoyingtheirsummervacationathomeatthistime

oftheyear,indulgingthemselvesinonlinegamesorsoapoperas,someoftheirpeers

chooseto1___thesecommonwaysofrecreation,andaremarchingintoabrave

newworld,strugglinginanunfamiliarcountrytobuildtheir___2.

Accordingtoon3___agencywhichorganizesoverseasinternshipsfbrChinese

collegestudents,therearebasicallytwokindsofinternship-volunteerworkand