口语bec高级BEC阅读60分钟写作70听力约40含填写答

BEC高级阅读60分钟、写作70分钟、约40分钟（含填写答题卡时间、口试16分LessonFormalVerbalCommunicationinBusiness(1)PartI2ProceduresofSeminarsLeadingandCommonlyUsedSentence2Questioning2ALeaderandAGoodListener,AttheSame做好的听众，做好的2GivingPartIITheHow-LeadingSeminars/QuestioningTechniq2Generalproceduresofaseminar/lectureIntroductionofDescribingsequencesandHighlightingInvolvingtheGivingCheckingAskingClarifyingEvadingInviting2LanguageSelf-introductionGoodmorning,I'mandI'vebeeninvitedtogivethistalk/presentation/lecturebecauseIhavedoneresearchin/Ihaveaspecialinterestin/myexperienceisinIntroductionofTopicInmypresentation/talk/lecturetodayIshallbedealingwithThesubjectofmytodayisWhatI'dliketodotodayisintroduce/suggest/yse/describe/exinMytopic/subjecttodayisIshallbedealingwith2/3/4….mainareas/topics/subjectsDescribingSequencesandTimingFirstIwantto/spendafewminutesoutlining/remindyouofthebackgroundto/summarisethe/exin/presentNextIshall/afterthatIwilltaketheopportunityofdescribing/Thenwe'lllookatFinallyIwantto--HighlightingInformation(RhetoricalSo,whatdoesthatmean?/Howcanweinterpretthis?/What'stheexnationforthis?/Whataretheimplicationsofthesefindings?(ChangeofWhatthat lsusis/WhatI'msuggestingis/Whatisclearisthat(Introducingauxiliaryverb)Soclearlywedoneedto--/Obviouslytheydidunderstandthat/OfcourseyoudowantoknowwhyInvolvingtheAudienceLet'shaveashowofhands,howmanyofyouagreewithI'msureweallknowwhatit'sliketoLetmeaskyouspendacoupleofsecondsthinkingaboutWell,whatwouldyoudo,IwonderJustlookaroundtheroomandtakeanoteof/howmanymenarewearingatie/howmanypeoplearewearingns/theaverageageoftheparticipantsGivingInstructionsForthisexercise,wearegoingtoworkinpairs:groupsof3/4/5Makeanoteofthesewords/figuresReadtheparagraphonPleasenotethatIshallbetimingtheexerciseandyouhaveexactly7minutesNowcompletethequestionnaireandputyournameinthetopleft-handcornerCheckingUnderstanding随时观察听者反映IseveryonewithmesoArethereanyquestionsatthisWouldanyonelikemetorunthroughthatIfyouhaveanyproblemswiththedetail,don'tworrybecausealltheinformationisinyourAskingQuestionsDirectquestions/open-Closedquestions:Doyou/didyouDelicatequestions:Iwaswonderingif/couldIaskyou/wouldyoumindlingme/ifit'snotindiscreetI'dliketoknow/mightIask/mayIaskClarifyingQuestionsSoyouwanttoknowabout/isitthefiguresthatworryyou/whenyousaydoyoumean--/IfI'veunderstoodthequestionyouwanttoknowaboutEvadingQuestions回避问题That'snotreallymyfield/that'sabitoutsidethescopeoftoday'stopic/Ihaven'tgotthepreciseinformationwithmetoday/that'snotreallyformetosay/I'dneednoticeofthatquestiontoansweryouinfull/thisisnotreallythecetodiscussthatmatter/perhapsthat'saquestionforanothermeetingInvitingCommentsHasanyonegotanyquestionsatthispoint?Wouldanyoneliketocommentonthat?Doesanyonedisagreewithmylastpoint?Cananyoneconfirmmyexperience?IfnobodyhasanyquestionsthenI'llmoveonInterrupting中断I'dliketodiscussitfurther,butIthinkit'stimetomoveonCouldIjuststopyouthereIfImightjustaddI'msurewe'dallagree,butperhapsweshouldgetbacktothemainpointTransitions过渡Ifwecouldnowturnto/mynextpointis/whatIwanttodonextis/let'smoveonto--/thatcompletesmy ysisof/so,nowwearegoingtoReformulations总结IfImightjustgooverthatagain/so,insummary/justtoremindyouofthekeyfacts/themainpoints/theadvantagesof/mymainargumentswereClosingThankyouforlisteningtomeIhopeyouhavefoundmypresentationusefulThankyouforyourattention2QuestioningTechniquesReasonsforaskingToobtainTofindouttheopinionsofotherpeopleToaskotherpeopletocontributeideasTofindoutthereasonsbehindeventsToseekconfirmationThestatusoftheThequestionermayhaveanofficialneedtoaskquestions-work-role,legalpower,etc.,orthequestionermayhaveanentirely alcuriositytosatisfy.Iftheroleisofficial,thequestionerneedstochoosethequestioningstylewithcareinordertoproducetherequiredresults.Questioningcanbequiteathreateningactivityinsomecircumstances.Forexample,ifthequestionerwantsinformation,thenthe whohasthatinformationmayfeelthats/heisbeingaskedtogiveupsomethingthatrepresentsanadvantage.Ifthequestionerismerelycuriousinasocialsetting,thentheimportantpointisthelevelofdelicacyofthequestion.Inmostcultures, alsuchashowmuchmoneyweearnistooprivatetoformthesubjectofquestionsbyChoicesofquestionstyleClosedv.openClosedquestionspermitonly'yes'/'no'answers.Theymaythereforebemorethreateningthanopenquestionsbecausetheyleavenoroomforexpansionorexnation.Thequestionerneedstodecideifitwouldbemoretactfultoask:Haveyoufinishedthatreportyet?HowareyougettingonwiththatThefirstquestionimpliesthatthereportisnowdue;thesecondmerelyasksforaprogressstatement.TheopenquestionallowstherespondenttoelaborateanddoesnothaveovertonesofWh-typeQuestionsstartingwithquestionwords:what,when,why,who,how,areopenquestionsbuttheyarealsoverydirect.Toomanyquestionslikethishavetheflavourofaninterrogationandmaymakethe beingquestionedfeel fortable.Itmaybenecessarytoprefacethequestionswithphrasesthatshowthequestionerisawareoftheintrusivenessofthequestion:MayIaskyou…Couldyou lme…Wouldyoumind lingme…IwonderifIcouldaskIwouldbeinterestedinknowing…Ifit'snotindiscreet,mayIask….Iknowit'snotreallymybusiness,FacilitativestylesofaskingIftheintentionofthequestionerisreallytoprompttheinterlocutorindisclosinginformationly,thenquestiontechniquesmaynotbeappropriateatall.Insteaditmightbebettertoechoandtoreformulateinordertogivetheinterlocutortheopportunitytoexpand.IllustrativeA.Well,Iliveinaflatinaratherpoorpartoftown.B.Poorpartoftown…?A.Yes,it'squitedirtyandthestreetsarebadlylit.That'swhyIdon'tlikegoingoutaloneatB.Soyou'refrightenedtogooutA.Well,yesbecausewehearofattacksandmuggings.That'swhyIwanttoInthisdialogue,speakerBdoesn'ttrytotaketheinitiative,butmerelyechoesandreformulatestopromptspeakerAtosaywhatworriesher.PartIIILet’sTalkLEADINGTHROUGHCHANGE:ListeningasaOften,whenwethinkofcommunication,wethinkofspeaking,presenting,writing--deliveringamessageinsomeway.Butaneffectivecommunicatorisalsoadeptatreceivingmessages.Youwon'tbudgepeopletowardagoaliftheydon'tfeelthatthey'vehadinput,thatthey'vebeenheardandunderstood,andthatthevisionthey'reworkingtowardisalsotheirownvision.Listeningtoyourfollowersistheonlywayyoucanmakethishappen.Tobeagoodleader,HEAROUTwhatothershavetoHoldjudgmentandholdeyefocusListencarefullyandwithanopenmind--ifyou'redefensiveyoumaymisscriticalinformation.Don'tformulateyouranswerwhilea isstillspeaking.Watchforsubtlebodylanguagethatmayofferextracluestothespeaker'struemeaning.Also,holdeyefocus.Ifyoudon't'lookatthe whoisspeakingtoyou,youcan'testablishtrust.Asaleader,youwantfollowerstotrustyouandbelieveinyou.Endallothertasks.Showrespectforpeoplebyputtingasideyourpaper,lunch,etc.,anddon'ttakephonecalls.You'llbebetterregarded,andyou'llsavetime.By"ngitrightthefirsttime,"therewon'tbemisunderstandingsoranyneedtorepeatinformation.Bereadytojobdownnotesas Allowthespeakertofinish.Don'tinterrupt.Don'tchangethesubject.Don'tfinishsentencesforthespeaker.Remainquietuntilyou'resurethespeakerhascompletedhisorherthoughts.Readbetweenthelines.Asyoulistentothespeaker,listenforwhatmightbeleftunsaid.It'snotalwayseasyfora toapproachsomeoneinamoreseniorpositionandlitlikeitis.Ifyouwanttogetanhonestopinionofsomeofyourideasandactions,you'llneedtoprobe.You'llalsoneedtovaluethatfeedbackandthe whogaveittoyou.Nevershootthemessenger.Outlineyourunderstanding.Oncethe isfinishedspeaking,reitewhatyoubelievetobethemainideas,issues,etc.Statethemsimplyand,ifpossible,tryto"rank"themfrommostimportanttoleast.Ateachstep,askthespeakerifyou'vecorrectlyheardthemessage.Takethetimetobecertain,oryou'vebothsimplywastedtime.Underlinemajorpoints.Onceyouandthespeakeragreeonthemainideasthathavebeenuncovered,focusyourattentionononeortwoofthemostimportant:Whatneedstobedonerightnowtomakethespeaker--andyou--acknowledgethatsomethingpositivehasbeen Whatelsecanbedoneinthefuture?Setadatetorevisitthesemainideasandtodiscussprogress.Testthewaters.Takewhatyou'velearnedandtestitwithothers.Whatareothersfeelingandthinking?Isthisanisolatedissue?Don'ttakeitanylessseriouslybutifit'sa"movement"ofsorts,you'llneedtoaddressitdifferently.Testingthewatersallowsyoutoexploretherealneeds,fearsandhopesofyourfollowersandincorporatethemintoyoursharedvision.Remember,ifyou'retryingtomovepeopleinanewdirection,youmustknowherethey'recomingfrom.Peopledon'talwaysneedleaderstoagreewiththemandactontheirsuggestions.Butpeoplealwaysdoneedtofeeltheirleadercaresenoughtolisten.Whenpeopleareuncertainwhattomorrowmaybring,aleaderwithareputationasa"goodlistener"maybethemostprizedemployeeinanyorganization.Workhardtomakeyourselfthat PartIIIIExercisesand2ExercisetosensitizeyourquestioningWriteontheboardalistof5or6prominentpeoplethateveryoneknows.Someofthesepeopleshouldbethesubjectofcurrentcontroversy.Writeaquestionofeachtype(seereasonsforaskingquestionsatthebeginningofthisunit)andaddresseachofyourquestionstooneofthepeopleyouhavelisted.Nowgradetheirquestionsforlevelsofdelicacyonascale1-5,with5beingthemostChecktheirquestionsfortheappropriatenessoftheirstyle-aretheyopenorclosed;directorindirect?Adjustthephrasingofthequestionstosuitthelevelofdelicacy.Letsdiscussthe2Giveexamplesofsituationswhereopen/closedtypesofquestionsaregenerally2Chooseoneofthefollowingtopicsandmakeitintoaseminar.Trytoincorporateallthe15elementsmentionedinpartII.HowtoboilanHowtoorganize icforKeyfactorsconsumersshouldbeawareofwhenpurchasingaDVD2RewritetheconversationbetweenJohnandMaryinPartfive.Discussonthepossibleesoftheconversationwithyourpartner.PartVSupplementaryMaterialsGivingCriticismWhenit'snecessarytocriticisetheworkofcolleaguesitisimportanttodosoinamannerthatissupportiveandthatpermitstheother findwaysofimprovinghisorherperformance.Todothisweneedto:Concentrateontheerror,noton·Providespecificexamplesoftheproblemsthatneed·Makehelpfulsuggestionsfor·Avoidaone-sided·Avoidinsinuationsand·ConductthecriticisminprivatesoasnottohumiliatetheReadthedialoguebelowandmakeanoteofthewaysinwhichJohnfailstoobservetheadvicegivenaboveinhiscriticismsofMary'swork:John:Comeinandtakeaseat,Mary.Thiswon'ttakeaminute.Mary:What'sthisallabout,John?John:WellI'msorryMary,butI'vecometotheconclusionthatyourwork'sjustnotuptoscratch.Ineedtoseeabigimprovementifyouwanttostayhere.Mary:Isee.IadmitIhavefoundthesefirstfewweeksahard,butIneedtimetosettleinandthere'salottolearn.(Knockatthedoor)John:Comein.Jane:Oh,sorryJohn,I'llcomebacklater,Ididn'trealizeyouwereJohn:That'sallright,comein.Iwasjust lingMarythatIdon'tthinkshe'sreallyuptothejobhere.Jane:No,Idon'twanttointrudeonaprivateconversation;I'llcomebacklater.Mary:SowhatareyousayingJohn,areyoufiringme?John:No;butIhavetosaythatifthislittletalkdoesn'tmakeyourealizewhereyou'regoingwrong,itmaycometothat.PoorMary!Johnhasjustattackedthestandardofherwithoutgivingheranyideaofwheresheisgoingwrong;ontopofthathe'srepeatedthecriticisminfrontofanothermemberofstaff.Byusingsomeofthesuggestionsbelow,seeifyoucanrewritethedialoguesothatJohnoffersMaryconstructiveandpositivecriticismthatwillhelphertoimproveherperformance:·InviteMarytoaprivate·Askifsheisreadytodiscussthestandardofher·Acknowledgethefactthatsheisnewto andthatthereisalotto·Saythatherreportsarelackingindetailand·Askherifsheisawareof·Saythatsheisoftenlateinthe·Askherifthere alproblemsthatmakeitdifficultforhertoarriveon·Saythatsomeofthesshedealswithhavecominedthatshemisses·Askherifshecanexinwhythis·Askherifthereisanythingyoucandotohelpherimproveinthese·Setadateforanothertalkinafewweekstoreviewherprogress.IfJohnconductstheinterviewalongtheselines,Marywill:·Knowexactlywhichaspectsofherworkare·Willhavetheopportunitytoexinwhyshehas·Willnotbepublicly·WillfeelthatsheisgettingsupportinhereffortstoLessonFormalVerbalCommunicationinBusiness正式商业交流(2)PartI2FourMainPartsofaPresentation2DeliverySkills2Saveyououtofembarrassment,ataPresentation2LanguageReferencesPartIITheHow-2FourpartsofaFormalpresentationsareusuallydividedintofourmainparts. Theintroduction The The TheTheAttheveryleast,theintroductionshouldintroducethesubjectofyour“TodayI’mgoingtolyouabouttherecentimprovementsthathavebeenmadetotheXLseriesofengines.”Dependingonthesituation,itwillalsodooneormoreofthefollowing: Givetheaudienceareasontolisten“Theseimprovementsgivegreaterfuelefficiencyandalsolowerproductioncosts.” Providebackgroundinformation.“Asyouprobablyknow,ourmarketsharehasbeenfallinginrecentyears.” Narrowthetopic.“Inparticular,IwillshowyouhowtheseimprovementsmakeourenginesbetterthanourTheTheoverviewprovidesapreviewofyourpresentationfortheaudience.Itiseasilydonebyexiningthestructureofyourpresentation.“First,I’mgoingtodescribethenewfeaturesofthe“Second,I’llshowyousomeperformancedataoftheengine’sfuel“Afterthat,I’llexinhowthenewfeatureswillallowustoreduceproduction“Finally,I’llshowacomparisonwithourcompetitors’Theoverviewisveryimportant.Ithelpstheaudiencetoorganizethewaytheylisten.Itissimilartothecontentspageofabook.Aslongasthepresentationiswell-organized,theoverviewistheeasiestpartofthepresentationtoprepare.TheThisisthemaincontentofthepresentation.Howitisorganizedwilldependonthetypeofpresentation.Itshouldbeorganizedlogicallytomatchtheoverallpurposeofthepresentation.TheTheendingusuallydoestwoItreviewstheinformationandideasthatwerepresentedinthebodyofthepresentation.Thisiscalledthesummary.“Asyoucansee,theseimprovementsincreasefuelefficiencyandallowustolowerourproductioncosts.”Itrestatesthemainpurposeofthepresentationwhichwasstatedintheintroduction.Thisiscalledtheconclusionorconcludingstatement.“Iamsuretheseimprovementswillallowustowinbackourmarketshare.”2DeliveryskillsLookTheaudiencewillhaveconfidenceinsomeonewhoseemstoknowwhatheorsheisng.Arrangeyourpapersonthedesk.ChecktheOHP(over-headprojector).Putyourbaginasuitablece.Putyournotesinasuitablece.Changetheseatingarrangementifyoudon’tlikeit.CheckthateveryonecanseeyouandyourvisualUsenaturalDon’ttrytobeagreatactor.Relymainlyonthecontentofyourpresentation,notonactingskills.Usethesamegesturesyouwoulduseifyouwereexiningthesamethingtoacolleagueinaone-to-oneconversation.Toensurethatyouusegesturesnaturally,avoidclasyourhandsbehindyourback,clastheminfrontofyou,orcingthemonyourhips.Ifyouareholdingnotes,trytoholdtheminonehand,leavingyourotherhandtomakeEyeLookatindividualmembersofyouraudience,justasifyouwerehavingaconversationwiththem.Don’tburyyourheadinyournotes.Trynottolookattheceilingwhenyoucan’trememberwhattosay.Inwriting,youuseparagraphstoshowthepartsofyourpresentation.Inpresentations,youhavetodoitinotherways.Youcanuseverbaltechniquesandnon-verbaltechniques.Verbaltechniquesinvolveusingamixtureoflinkingphrases,intonation,andpauses.Non-verbaltechniquescanincludechangingpositions,turningpagesofyournotes,andchangingtheOHPMakesureyouknowhowtopronouncethewordsinyourpresentation.BeparticularlycarefulofwordsthatareusedinbothyourlanguageandEnglish.Thesewordscanbefalsefriends.Aholeinyourshirtwillgetattention,butitwilldivertattentionfromwhatyouaresaying.Sowillthefollowing: Passingroundthingsforyouraudiencetolookatwhileyouare HavingaslidedisyedontheOHPwhileyouaretalkingaboutsomethingPartIIILet’sTalkPullingItOutofThinAir-WhattosaywhenyouforgetwhattoIt'slikewhenanehitsanairpocket-yourintestinesthrobinyourbrain-pan.You'reflowingsmoothlythroughyourpresentation(withoutnotesorwithbulletednotesthatsuddenlynolongermakesense)andwham!Yougoblank.There'snothingupstairs.Nothingon-line.YourmindisasblankasablackboardinAugust.Youlickyourlips,clearyourthroat,andsay"uh"enoughtimestojumpstartanoutboard.Youreyesbegintodartaboutindesperation,andastheinternalpressuremounts,therealsignalsofdistresspourout:giggling,blushing,andembarrassingtrueconfessionsofjusthowlostyoureallyare,revealingonlyyourlackofpreparationanddiminishedprofessionalism.First,useanounceofprevention.Rehearseoutloudfrequentlyenoughtointernalizeyourmessage.Strangely,ifyoutrytomemorizeyourremarks,you'realmostsuretogoblank.Understandwhyyou'respeakingthewordsyouchoose,andsaytheminrehearsaluntilyouhaveagutfeelingfortheessenceofyourmessage.Useyourvisualsasaroadmap,ifpossible.Usinggraphicimagesorbulletpoints,relyonyourvisualstokeepyouontrack.Visualsshouldnotserveasascript,butratherasaseriesoftriggerpointsthatgeneratediscourse.Keepyournotesnearby.Makesurethey'rewritteninlarge,colorfulwriting.They'llbeeasytoreadwhenyou'reunderpressure.Focusyoureyesonone intheaudiencewhenyougoblank.They'llthinkyou'rebeing .Doit ngthisthroughthesilenceuntilyourbraincomesbacktoRepeatwhatyoujustsaid.Usingrepetitionisagoodspeakingtechniqueanyway.Keeprepeatingyourselfuntilyourmindclicksintogear.Orsaysomethingthatparallelsyoursubject,andchancesare,withinseconds,you'llbebackontrack.Asktheaudienceaquestionifit'sasmallgroup."Marilyn,whatareyourthoughtssofar?"Makeitanopen-endedquestionsoMarilyncan'tsaysimply"yes"or"no."Thatway,yougetmoretimetothinkasMarilynspeaks.Ifyou'respeakingtoalargegroup,askarhetoricalquestion.Again,you'llprobablywakeyourselfupquickly.Everyoneknowsthepressureofspeaking.Justdon'tdoitrepeatedlyormakeabigdealoutofPartIIIIExercisesand2LookatthesamplepresentationbelowTrytoidentifythosefourpartsmentionedinPartIncasethepresenterherewentblankrightafterthethirdparagraph,anysuggestionsfromyoutosavethepoorguyfromembarrassment?TheDCAvoicecontrolleddatarecorderandautomaticephonedialer.MainfeaturesSpeechyzerLargememoryLargedisyLithiumbatteriesGoodafternoon.TodayI’dliketolyouaboutourlatestproduct,theDCAutodialler.TheDCAutodiallerletsyourecordephonenumbersbyspeaking.Itcanalsodialephonenumbersautomatically.Weexpectittobeaverypopularproduct.First,I’lllyouthemainfeaturesofthe‘autodialler.ThenI’lldescribeitsphysicalcharacteristics.Finally,I’llexinhowtoseeit.TheAutodiallerhasfourimportantfeatures.Ithasaverysophisticatedspeechyzerwhichallowsittorecordnamesandephonenumbers.Itcanrecognizeupto5000commonNorthAmericannames.Ithasalargememorywhichletsyourecordupto2500namesandephonenumbers.Ithasa4-centimeterby2-centimeterliquidcrystaldisywhichprovidesasharpimage.Tiuseslithiumbatterieswhichlastfortwoyear.TheAutodiallerisverycompact.Itmeasures10centimetersby5centimetersby0.5centimeters.It’smadeofverylightbuthardstic,andweightsonly150grams.Itcomesinthreecolors:black,silverandwinered.button,a“find”button,anda“dial”button.Toenteranewnameandphonenumber,pressthe“new”button.Thensaythe ’sname.Whenthenameisdisyedsaytheephonenumber.Tofindaname,pressthe“find”buttonandsaythe ’sname.Whenthenameisdisyedyoumaydialthenumber,changethenameorephonenumber,ordeletetheinformation.Todialthenumber,pointtheAutodialleratyourephoneandpressthe“dial”button.Asyoucansee,theAutodiallerhasmanyusefulfeatures,it’sverycompacted,andit’seasytouse.I’msureyou’llagreethattherewillbealargemarketforit.Thank2Checkoutoneinfomercialyoureallyhatetosee.Trytotransformitintoa3-minutelongbusinesspresentationbyusingsomelanguagereferencesinpartfive.PartVSupplementaryMaterialsLanguagereferenceBelowisalistofphrasesandsentencepatternsthatmayhelpyouprepareyourpresentation.Remember,however,thateverypresentationisunique,andyoumustdecideforyourselfwhichlanguageisappropriateforyourpresentation.TheintroductionBasicintroductionTodayI’mgoingtolyouaboutanewkindofI’dliketotalkaboutourrecentsalesToday,I’dliketoshowyouawaytocut今天，给大家展示一种减少成本的新方法。Today,I’mgoingtoexinourstrategyfornextyear.今天，就明年的战略部署进行一下解释。NarrowingthetopicInparticular,IwillexinhowthematerialcanbeusedinmanyofourReferringtobackgroundinformationAsyouprobablyknow,ourmarketsharehasbeenfallinginrecentSomeofyoumayknowaboutourresearchprogram.YoumaybeawareofthefeaturesoftheRS-4RS-4PresentingtheoverviewFirstI’mgoingtoSecond,I’llshowyou,我将要展示给您...Then,I’dliketo…再次,...Afterthat,I’llexin…然后,我会解释...Finally,I’ll…最后,我将...SignalingandlinkingSequencingNow,I’llexin…现在,我来解释...一下Let’snowconsider…我们来考虑一下...Thisbringsusto…由此得来...Finally,DirectingattentionPleaselookatthischart.Let’stakealookatthistable.我们来看表格.Takealookatthediagram.大家看一下图表Ifyoulookatthisgraph,youwillsee…大家从这张曲线图可以看出...Asyoucanseefromthischart,...CauseandeffectSinceincreasedperformanceisnotouronlyconcern,I’dnowliketotalk由于业绩增长并不是我们唯一关注的,在此谈论一下Asaresultofthisnewfeature,wemustnow由于这个新的特点,我们现在必须考虑Asaresult,wehavetofindnewwaystoincreaseourmarket由此,我们不得不寻找增长我们市场占有额的新方法.Consequently,wehavebeendeveloamoreefficientengine.结果,我们已经开发了一台更高性能的发动机。Therefore,I’dnowliketoshowyouourlatesttest所以，我现在想就我们检测结果给大家进行展示PurposeInordertotakeadvantageofthisnewtechnologywehavetolookatthemarket.为了利用这个新技术的优势，要了解市场。Forthenewmodeltoworkeffectively,weneedanewkindofContrastAlthoughthemachineoperateswellatlowtemperatures,athightemperaturestherearesomeUnliketheST-4X,theST5XisveryInsteadofbatteriesthenewsmodelusessolarpower.新的型号不再用电池，而用能。Nevertheless,…然而...However,Ontheotherhand, mentInadditiontoAsia,wearealsomarketingtheproductinSouthInaddition,wentointroducemorerobotstoourproductionlines.除此之外，我们计划在生产线上引入的机器人。Furthermore,theprogramcantranslatefromJapanesetoEnglish.IntroducingasummaryAsyoucansee,theseimprovementsincreasefuelefficiencyandallowustolowerourproductioncosts.据大家了解，这些改进会增加的性能。同时减少产品的成本IntroducingaconcludingstatementIamsuretheseimprovementswillallowustowinbackourmarketIt’sclearthatthenewmodelmeetsallofourcustomers’GraphsandchartsDescribingthepurposeofachartItshowsoursalesfrom1985to这表示从1985年到1990年的销售额。Itshowsthestagesinthemanufacturingprocess.这显示生产流程。Ifyoulookatthisdiagram,youwillseehowtheequipment观察这示，您会了解设备的工作方法DescribingpartsofagraphThehorizontalaxisrepresentsThehorizontalaxisshowssalesinmillionsofTheblackcolumnsshowsalesofmemoryThesolidlineshowstheThebrokenlineshowstheinterestThedottedlinerepresentstherateofThegraysegmentrepresentsourmarketThehatchedsectionshowstheproportionofDescribingtheunitsofagraphordiagramTheunitsareinThefiguresareinthousandsofThenumbersareintensofthousandsofDescribingthesignificanceofinformationIt’sclearthatdemandisThegraphclearlyshowsthatthenewmachine’sperformanceisThefiguresshowthatthecostofmaterialshasrisenby25%TheresultsseemtoshowthatoxygenquickensthereactionTheinformationsuggeststhatconsumersarenotLesson·Cross-CulturalCommunicationinUS·商业跨文化交Part SixFundamentalPatternsofCultural·6 Ageneralviewofcorporate· Decodingbody-languageofNorth·通用肢体语Part TheHow-IdentifytheDifferences：SixFundamentalPatternsofCulturalDifferentCommunication Thewaypeoplecommunicatevarieswidelybetween,andevenwithin,cultures.Oneaspectofcommunicationstyleislanguageusage.Acrosscultures,somewordsandphrasesareusedindifferentways.Forexample,evenincountriesthatsharetheEnglishlanguage,themeaningof"yes"variesfrom"maybe,I'llconsiderit"to"definiyso,"withmanyshadesinbetween.Anothermajoraspectofcommunicationstyleisthedegreeofimportancegiventonon-verbalcommunication.Non-verbalcommunicationincludesnotonlyfacialexpressionsandgestures;italsoinvolvesseatingarrangements, aldistance,andsenseoftime.Inaddition,differentnormsregardingtheappropriatedegreeofassertivenessincommunicatingcanaddtoculturalmisunderstandings.Forinstance,somewhiteAmericanstypicallyconsiderraisedvoicestobeasignthatafighthasbegun,whilesomeAsian,African,JewishandItalianAmericansoftenfeelthatanincreaseinvolumeisasignofanexcitingconversationamongfriends.Thus,somewhiteAmericansmayreactwithgreateralarmtoalouddiscussionthanwouldmembersofsomeAmericanethnicornon-whiteracialgroups.DifferentAttitudesToward对待的不同看Someculturesviewasapositivething,whileothersviewitassomethingtobeavoided.IntheU.S.,isnotusuallydesirable;butpeopleoftenareencouragedtodealdirectlywithsthatdoarise.Infact,face-to-facemeetingscustomarilyare mendedasthewaytoworkthroughwhateverproblemsexist.Incontrast,inmanyEasterncountries,openisexperiencedasembarrassingordemeaning;asarule,differencesarebestworkedoutquietly.Awrittenexchangemightbethefavoredmeanstoaddressthe.DifferentApproachestoCompleting Fromculturetoculture,therearedifferentwaysthatpeoplemovetowardcompletingtasks.Somereasonsincludedifferentaccesstoresources,differentjudgmentsoftherewardsassociatedwithtaskcompletion,differentnotionsoftime,andvariedideasabouthowrelationship-buildingandtask-orientedworkshouldgotogether.Whenitcomestoworkingtogethereffectivelyonatask,culturesdifferwithrespecttotheimportancecedonestablishingrelationshipsearlyoninthecollaboration.Acaseinpoint,AsianandHispanicculturestendtoattachmorevaluetodevelorelationshipsatthebeginningofasharedprojectandmoreemphasisontaskcompletiontowardtheendascomparedwithAmericans.Americanstendtofocusimmediayonthetaskathand,andletrelationshipsdevelopastheyworkonthetask.Thisdoesnotmeanthatpeoplefromanyoneoftheseculturalbackgroundsaremoreorlesscommittedto plishingthetask,orvaluerelationshipsmoreorless;itmeanstheymaypursuethemdifferently.DifferentDecision-Making Therolesindividualsyindecision-makingvarywidelyfromculturetoculture.Forexample,intheU.S.,decisionsarefrequentlydelegated--thatis,anofficialassignsresponsibilityforaparticularmattertoasubordinate.InmanySouthernEuropeanandLatinAmeric