Unit-5-Silent-Spring分析教学讲解课件

SilentSpringRachelCarsonabundanceanabundanceofabundantbeabundantin/withOurcountryisabundantinminerals.cf：abandon丰富；充裕大量的（名词词组）丰富的；富有的富于；富有我国矿产非常丰富。遗弃；放弃acreageacremetrekilometrecentimetremillimetredecimetreyardfootinchmile面积；英亩数英亩（4047平方米）米千米厘米毫米分米码英尺英寸英里kilogramgrammilligramtondegreesCelsiusdegreesFahrenheitsquarecube千克克毫克吨摄氏度华氏度平方立方boundHeisboundbyaffection.thepasttenseandpastparticipleofbind.Thereareboundtobepriceincreasesnextyear.TheshipwasboundforItaly.Theballboundedagainstthewall.Ifaplaceisoutofbounds,peoplearenotallowedtogothere.越限的；禁止入内的withinbounds:在允许活动的范围内;在安全(或适当)范围以内，在限度之内；brandBrandManagementBrandimagebrandcultureBrandDesigninternationalbrand

品牌管理;品牌战略品牌形象品牌文化;企业文化品牌设计;品牌形象设计国际品牌

brandcheck，balanceCCB(ChinaConstructionBank)中国建设银行ABC(AgriculturalBankofChina)中国农业银行ICBC(IndustrialandCommercialBankofChina)中国工商银行BOC（BankofChina)中国银行BCM(BankofCommunications)交通银行

depositor

adepositformwithdraw

creditcardprincipaloverdraft,overdrawtocashtohonorachequetodishonorachequesurplusinflation

favourablebalanceadversebalance

存户

存款单支取

信用卡本金透支兑现兑付拒付结余通货膨胀

顺差逆差nationalbudgetstock,sharetreasurybill

monetaryfund

loanforeignexchangefluctuationgoldreservestockexchangebrokercommission

国家预算股票国库券货币基金贷款外汇波动黄金储备股票交易所经纪人佣金contamination,pollutioncontamination:thesituationthataplaceorsubstanceismadedirtyorharmfulbyputtingsthsuchaschemicalsorpoisoninit.pollution:undesirablestateofthenaturalenvironmentbeingcontaminatedwithharmfulsubstancesasaconsequenceofhumanactivitiescontaminate pollutecontaminant pollutantcounter-counterpart“对立”，“相应”，“交互”；“对应的”，“对等的”counterclockwise“反”,“逆”,“对立”,“相对”counterplot“报复”，“反击”，“反驳”，“回击的”，“报复性的”damp----------------dumpADJSomethingthatisdampisslightlywet.eg.Herhairwasstilldamp....thedamp,coldair.N-UNCOUNTDampismoistureontheinsidewallsofahouseorintheair.VERB

restrainordiscourageeg."thesuddenbadnewsdampedthejoyousatmosphere"cast/strike/throwadampover/intodampdownV-TIfyoudumpsomethingsomewhere,youputitorunloadittherequicklyandcarelessly.V-TIfsomethingisdumpedsomewhere,itisputorlefttherebecauseitisnolongerwantedorneeded.V-TTodumpsomethingsuchasanidea,policy,orpracticemeanstostopsupportingorusingit.V-TIfafirmorcompanydumpsgoods,itsellslargequantitiesofthematpricesfarbelowtheirrealvalue,usuallyinanothercountry,inordertogainabiggermarketshareortokeeppriceshighinthehomemarket.V-TIfyoudumpsomeone,youendyourrelationshipwiththem.N-COUNTAdumpisaplacewhererubbishandwastematerialareleft,forexample,onopengroundoutsideatown.ecologistecological;ecoecologicalenvironmentecologicalsystemecologicalbalanceecologicalagricultureecologicalcrisisecologicalengineeringecologicalbenefitecologicaleffectecologicalconditionecologicaldamageecologicaldistributionecology生态环境生态系统生态平衡生态农业生态危机生态工程；生态工程学生态效益生态效应生态条件；生态环境生态破坏生态分布环境：environment，surroundingsconditions，circumstancessurroundings偏重于生活、居住的周围环境environment则指对人的成长、情感、观念、伦理、道德、品行等产生影响的环境。conditions虽有"环境"的含义，不过更接近汉语“条件”——泛指改变、限制性因素，也指影响生活质量的种种因素。circumstances则相当于“形势、情况”，往往指人力无法控制、驾驭的事件和事态的总和。circumstances还有一层意思，便是境遇、财力、经济状况，如经济宽余、生活安逸，或者经济拮据、境遇不佳时，两词有时也可通用，在习语中,词的搭配是固定的，不可互换，如in/underthecircumstances,in/undernocircumstances。landscape,scenery,scene,viewEachyear,wespendourvacationinthemountainsandenjoythe________.Theystoodgazingthehappy_____ofchildrenplayinginthepark.Ourhousehasa_____ofthepark.The________seenfromthemountainsisgreenandbeautiful.landscape,scenery,scene,viewlandscapen.(自然的)风景，景色；风景画。sceneryn.风景，景色，舞台布景，强调从美的角度看，某个国家或地区的总体外貌。scenen.指从远处看到的某一具体景色、景象，也可以指人物的活动场面；(犯罪的)地点，现场。viewn.指从远处或窗户看到的视野范围内的风景；观点，看法。landscape,scenery,scene,viewEachyear,wespendourvacationinthemountainsandenjoythe________.Theystoodgazingthehappy_____ofchildrenplayinginthepark.Ourhousehasa_____ofthepark.The________seenfromthemountainsisgreenandbeautiful.scenerysceneviewlandscapemigrant，immigrant，emigrant这组词都有“移居者，迁移的人”的意思，其区别是：migrant通常指大批短期或定期移居的人，候鸟。immigrant指自他国移入，长期定居的人。emigrant指自本国移出，长期定居在外的人。migrateimmigrateemigrate1.Ifyourcoatistoolong,

thetailorcan___ittofityou.A.alterB.convertC.changeD.modify2.Great___havetakenplacesinceheleft.A.altersB.convertsC.changesD.transforms3.HeusedtobeaChristian,butheisnow___toBuddhism.A.convertedB.changedC.transformedD.reformed4.Pricesthat___withthequality.A.shiftB.varyC.convertD.alter5.Thewindhas___fromnorthtosouth.A.shiftedB.convertedC.alteredD.transformed6.Manymilitaryfactorieshavebeen___intocivilonesinordertomeettheneedsofthecountry.A.alteredB.variedC.shiftedD.transformed7.Theinventor___hisoriginaldesigninordertoincreasethemachine’seffiency.A.exchangedB.convertedC.modifiedD.cultivatedchange，modify，convert，shift，transform，vary，alter，change改变,变更,指位置,性质,外表,形式或是数量与质量等改变.常与into连用.modify修改,变更,较正式,常用以表示意见,计划或形式,质量方面不大的变化convert使转变,变化,一般只表示事物的外表及用途等方面发生的次要变化,而不是本质上的巨大变化,也可用于改变某人的政治观点、信仰.这个词义是其他词所没有的shift指位置或方向的移动,改变transform指外形或面貌的改变,彻底改变性格,性质等vary改变,不同,有区别,变化alter改变,变更,指衣服等表面或局部做部分变动,而没有变成另一种事物change，modify，convert，shift，transform，vary，alter，1.Ifyourcoatistoolong,

thetailorcan___ittofityou.A.alterB.convertC.changeD.modify2.Great___havetakenplacesinceheleft.A.altersB.convertsC.changesD.transforms3.HeusedtobeaChristian,butheisnow___toBuddhism.A.convertedB.changedC.transformedD.reformed4.Pricesthat___withthequality.A.shiftB.varyC.convertD.alter5.Thewindhas___fromnorthtosouth.A.shiftedB.convertedC.alteredD.transformed6.Manymilitaryfactorieshavebeen___intocivilonesinordertomeettheneedsofthecountry.A.alteredB.variedC.shiftedD.transformed7.Theinventor___hisoriginaldesigninordertoincreasethemachine’seffiency.A.exchangedB.convertedC.modifiedD.cultivatedACABADCalter，change，convert，modify，shift，transform，varyperplex,embarrass,puzzle,bewilder,confusepuzzlev.使迷惑，感到不解，强调不理解或解决不了。Wherethesunkentreasureispuzzlesexplorers.沉没宝藏的下落令探险家们大惑不解。bewilderv.使困惑，使茫然，强调非常困惑，通常表现为心理和智力的紊乱，语气最重。Hewasfiredwithoutwarningandiscompletelybewilderedaboutthereason.他没有得到事先警告就被开除了，完全不明白是什么原因。perplexv.除困惑外，还含焦虑或缺乏把握之意，难于作出决定，无从下手。Thenewtaxlawsperplexme.新税收法律使我很费解。confusev.一般用语，使混乱，使糊涂，强调因混淆而使人产生迷乱。Hesentthewrongreportsbecauseheconfusedthemwithotherones.他发错了报告，因为他把它们同另外一些报告混淆在一起了。embarrassv.使窘迫，使困惑，有令人不快、难为情和内心混乱的意味。Herboyfriendembarrassedherbyteasinghernewhairstyleinfrontofothers.她的男友在别人面前嘲笑她的新发型，使她感到难堪。nationalbudgetstock,sharetreasurybill

monetaryfund

loanforeignexchangefluctuationgoldreserve

stockexchangebrokercommission

国家预算股票国库券货币基金贷款外汇波动黄金储备股票交易所经纪人佣金spellIftheirrigationplangoesahead,itcouldspelldisasterforthebirds.如果该灌溉计划继续的话，这对鸟类可能预示着灾难。

Vt.预示(通常不好的结果)Theysayshediedafterawitchcastaspellonher.人们说一个女巫对她施了魔后她就死了。n.咒语

Therehasbeenalongspellofdryweather.干旱天气已持续很长一段时间了。

n.(某种天气或活动的)短暂发生期spellout讲清楚underaspell被迷住；被符咒镇住dryspell干旱期；干期stillIstilldreamofhome.Davidhadbeendancingaboutlikeachild,butsuddenlyhestoodstill.Thenightairwasverystill.TherearestillsfromtheJamesBondmovieseriesadv. 仍然adv. 静止不动地adj. 静止的n. 电影剧照vi.静止；平静；蒸馏subject名词和形容词读作ˈsʌbdʒɪkt。动词读作səbˈdʒɛkt。n.vt.subject

someonetosomethingadj.besubjecttosubjecttoPricesmaybesubjecttofluctuation.主题；科目；[语]主语；国民使…隶属；使屈从于…使服从于；使遭受服从的；易患…的；受制于…的(可能)受…影响的取决于价格可能会受波动影响。witchcraft:巫术、妖法

Thequeenhadsomeknowledgeofwitchcraft,andsheknewhowtopoisonanapple,sothatwhoeverateitwouldfalldeadwitch;sorceresswizard;sorcerer-crafteg.handicraft;aircraft表示“…的工作、技艺或业务”WordsReviewdampDampgunpowderwillnotfire.潮湿的火药不会起火。assaultThearmyassaultedthecastleonallsides.军队从四面八方向城堡发起突击tamperIdon'twanttobeaccusedoftamperingwiththeevidence.我不想被指控篡改证据。chorusPossiblyBeethoven'sgreatestwork,almosteveryoneknowsthe"OdetoJoy"chorusofthefinalmovement.这可能是贝多芬最伟大的作品，几乎所有人都知道末乐章的"欢乐颂"大合唱confineHerillnessconfinedhertobed.她的病使她整天躺在床上。contaminationHowever,contaminationcanoccuratanypointalongthefoodchain,fromfieldtotable.然而，污染沿着食物链可能在任何的点上发生，从田地到餐桌。immuneInpeoplewithhealthyimmunesystems,thesesymptomsdonotlastmorethanaboutaweek.在具有健康免疫系统的人身上，这些症状的持续不会超过一个星期。boundThenewlyemergingforcesareboundtodefeatwhatiscorruptanddegenerate.新生力量必然战胜腐朽力量。filmWiththisinstantfilmthepicturedevelopsinonlyoneminute.用这种快速胶卷，照片仅用一分钟就会显影。modifyWehadtoslightlymodifytheoriginaldesign.我们不得不对原来的设计稍加修改。isolatedThemetaphysicalworldoutlookseesthingsasisolated,staticandone-sided.形而上学宇宙观用孤立的、静止的和片面的观点去看世界。resurgenceAmajorsignificantfailureoftheresurgenceofmarket-orientedpolicieswasafailuretoreformthemonetarysystem.以市场为导向的经济政策复苏的一个重要的大失败就是货币体系改革的失败。undergoThecityhasundergonemanychangesduringthelasttenyears.这个城市在过去十年中经历了很多变化。suppressTherebellionagainstthegovernmenthasbeensuppressedbythegovernmenttroops.反政府的叛乱已被政府军平定了。landscapeWhenshootingalandscape,however,youusuallywanteverythingtobeinfocus.但当你拍摄风景的时候，你还是希望一切都在镜头当中的。explosiveTheexplosivemixtureinarocketconsistsofbothafuelandasupplyofoxygen.火箭中的爆炸性混合物由燃料和氧气构成。consentAtapproximately11:30p.m.,Pollardfinallygavehisconsenttothesearch.大约晚上11:30的时候，波拉德终于对搜查予以同意。evolveBirdsarewidelybelievedtohaveevolvedfromdinosaurs.鸟类普遍被认为是从恐龙进化而来的。RachelCarsonandherworkIntroductiontoRachelCarson

(1907-1964)ShegrewuponasmallPennsylvaniafarm,wenttothePennsylvaniaCollege,majoredinzoology,andthenwenttoJohnHopkinsforamaster’sdegreeingenetics.Publications:UndertheSea-Wind

TheSeaAroundUsTheEdgeoftheSea

SilentSpringInthewakeofSilentSpring,shewasattackedpersonallyandasascientistbymany.WhileshewasworkingonSilentSpring,shelearnedshehadbreastcancer.ShediedtwoyearsafterSilentSpringwaspublished,atage56.ReportonSilentSpring(1962)The$300,000,000pesticidesindustryhasbeenhighlyirritatedbyaquietwomanauthorwhosepreviousworksonsciencehavebeenpraisedforthebeautyandprecision

ofthewriting.Inherlatestwork,however,MissCarsonisnotsogentle.

Morepointedthanpoetic,shearguesthatthewidespreaduseofpesticidesisdangerouslytiltingtheso-calledbalanceofnature.Pesticidespoison

notonlypests,shesays,butalsohumans,wildlife,thesoil,foodandwater.NYTimes15apr64SignificanceoftheBookItrousedanewpublicawarenessthatnaturewasvulnerabletohumanintervention.Conservation

hadneverraisedmuchbroadpublicinterest,forfewpeoplereallyworriedaboutthedisappearanceofwilderness.Butthethreatsshehad

outlined—thecontaminationofthefoodchain,cancer,geneticdamage,thedeathsofentire

species—weretoofrighteningtoignore.Forthefirsttime,theneedtoregulateindustryinordertoprotecttheenvironmentbecamewidelyaccepted,andenvironmentalism

wasborn.TextAnalysisOutofhisignoranceandlackofconcernfortheintegrityofnature,manistamperingwithnaturebyabusingchemicals,causingirrecoverableharmsonenvironmentandpeople.

ThemeofthestoryPart1(paras.1—2)about:

Part2(paras.)about:Part3(paras.)about:Part4(paras.)about:Part5(paras.)about:TextAnalysisStructureofthetext3—56—910—23beautyandharmonyenjoyedbybothnatureandallitslife

evilspelltransitionalparagraphs,directingreaders’attentiontotheverycauseofthenationwidedisaster—awhitepowder,thechemicalexplanationofhowtheecologicaldisasterswerecreated24—25propersolutiontothedisastersEvilSpellInPara.3,4,5

Question:

Whatistheevilspell?Spellisabewitchedstate,astatecompletelycapturedbymagicpower.Mysteriousdiseasesswepttheflocksofchickens;cattleandsheepsickenedanddied;birdstrembledandcouldnotfly;fishdiedinthestreams.Peoplewereinfectedwithnewdiseaseswithseveralsuddenandunexplaineddeaths.Vegetationwitheredandgotbrowned.Nolifewasontheroad,inthestream;silencelayoverthefields,thewoodsandmarsh.Question:

WhydidCarsoncallman’stamperingwithnatureawaragainstnature?Awarinvolvesthekillingofhundredsofthousandsofpeople—the“badpeopleorgoodpeople”—withtheirinventedweapons. Insects,birds,plants,fish,even“pests”areallpartofnature.Bycreatingandusingchemical“weapons”,mankilledeveryinsectthe”good”or“bad”,stilledthesongofbirdsand