托福口语6种题型课件

写作教师用书托福专业辅导教材2011版北京前程百利辅导

TOEFLIBT考试托福部专业课程主讲：考试托福部

一、独立口语

Task1

Task2

二、综合口语

Task3

Task4

Task5

Task6托福口语概况在口语部分，考生需要就基于个人经历、校园环境和学术性材料提出的各种话题用英语表达自己的观点。答题时间共20分钟。Task1,2:独立口语任务，写生要依据自己的观点、见解或者经历来回答问题。Task3,4:读文章——讨论或者讲座节选——答题Task5,6:听对话或者节选的讲座片段——答题在整个口语考试中，考生可以记笔记，并在回答时作参考。托福口语概况口语评分标准独立口语：旨在检验学生能否阐明并连贯表达自己的观点、能否运用恰当的解释与细节描述充实并支持论点，一级语言表达时间偶清晰流畅、易于理解。综合口语：旨在检验考生能否根据1到2段材料传达相关信息，能否连贯表达观点并通过恰当的解释和细节描写充实论点，以及语言表达是否清晰流畅、易于理解。DeliveryLanguageuseTopicdevelopment一、人物类二、地点类 三、事物类 1、抽象事物 2、具体事物 四、事件类

独立口语人物类题目1题目2题目3题目4名人同事/组员领导老师/朋友/家人成就achievement团结:collaborative(apatientlistenerandreadilytoacceptotherssuggestions)信任下级Showconfidenceinteammembers热心/乐于助人Alwayshelpmewhenneeded/behelpfultoothers性格CharacterCourageousandresolute(果敢)适应性：adaptable(adapttonewenvironmentquickly)赏罚分明Beequaltoeveryonewithoutshowingfavortoanyparticularone有趣，在一起不觉得闷Funny，humoroustellingjokes生活简朴Liveasimplelife有热情/积极/创新/认真：enthusiasticActiveCreativeSerious努力学习工作，给大家树立榜样Workhardtoinspirepeople/exemplarycharacter知识丰富/专业KnowledgeabletellingthingsthatIdon’fessional创新精神Creativity效率：Efficientinwork/communicating（whenfacingaproblemandchallengeagoodmembercanfindsolutionsquickly）管理能力Begoodatmanagement诚实/忠诚Honesty/Faithfulness一、人物类

Sampleanswer1:Describethequalitiesofagoodleader:Ithinkaleaderneedsatleasttwoimportantcharacteristics.First,aleadershouldbegoodatmanagement.Thereareusuallyagreatnumberofmembersunderthechargeofoneleader,soaleaderissupposedtoorganizeeverythingwellinordertomakeacompanyrunsmoothly.Secondly,agoodleadershouldbegoodatmakingdecisions.Agoodandcorrectdecisioncanleadtothefinalsuccess,whereasawronganddelayeddecisionmaybringaboutdisasterstothecompany.Ofcourse,thisskillrequiresalotofworkingexperience.Sampleanswer2:Describethequalitiesofagoodcolleague:First,acolleagueissupposedtobeefficientinwork.Whengivenataskbytheboss,alltheteammembersshouldtaketheirdutiesandcooperatewellinordertofinishitquickly.Ifoneofthecolleaguesisslowandleftbehind,aprojectwillbedelayed.Secondly,Ithinkacolleagueshouldbereadytohelpothers.Whenanewemployeecomestothecompany,heknowslittleaboutthework,soitishiscolleagueswhoaresupposedtohelphim.Buttherearesomestaffmemberswhowouldn’tliketohelpothers,fortheyareafraidthatotherswillexcelthemafterwards.地点类思路题目题目1题目2题目3题目4公共场所（名胜/公园）餐馆/购物中心房间国家/城市WhatplaceThegreatwall/Forbiddencity/Summerpalace/Templeofheaven/MountEmeiDeliciousfoodLocation(transportation,whetheritisconvenientforshopping,sanitation,facilities)Environment(Freshair,climate)WhyyoulikeitLouvrepalace/Eiffeltower/Provence/theAlps/ChampsElysees/TriumphalArchReasonablepriceAlotofspaceTransportationPyramid/sphinxThoroughserviceAroomwithaviewEducationSydneyoperahouse/thegreatbarrierreefNiceandcleanCostEconomyDisneyland/thewhitehouse/Yellowstone/thepentagonAtmosphere(cangoonline,romanticfeeling,quiet)StyleofthearchitectureCulture(Beijing-Pekingroastduck,hot-potPekingOpera,Acrobatics)二、地点类

公共场所（名胜/公园）Describeyourfavoriteplaceinthecityyouarenowliving.Whichplaceisyourfavoriteplacewhenyouwereachild?Whatparkorpublicareadoyoulike？Describeaplaceyouhaveneverbeentobutliketogosomeday(prairie，ocean，Tibet，placesofinterestetc.)Ifyourforeignfriendsaregoingtovisityourcountry,wheredoyousuggestthemtogo?Wheredoyouliketogoanddosportswhenitissunny?餐馆/购物中心Wheredoyouusuallygowithyourfriends?Whatkindsoffeaturesareimportanttoyouwhenyougotoarestaurantorcafé?Why?房间Describeoneofyourfavoriterooms,eitherofyourhouseorotherplacesWhatisthemostimportantelementyoutakeintoaccountwhenyouarechoosingahouse?国家/城市Describeacityyouhavealwayswantedtogoandexplainwhy?其它Studentschooseforeigncountryforfurthereducationbecauseofacademicprogramsandsoon.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantaspectbesidesacademicprogram,location,costorsize?Wherewouldyouliketolive,Mountain,forest,beach,ordesert?Sampleanswer1:Ifyourforeignfriendsaregoingtovisityourcountry,wheredoyousuggestthemtogo?IfIhadthechance,I’dliketotaketheforeignvisitorstotheForbiddenCity.First,theForbiddenCityhasahistoryofmorethan600yearsandistheplacewheretheroyalfamilyusedtoliveduringtheQingandMingdynasty.TheForbiddenCityissolargethatithasmorethan900rooms.ItsmagnificentarchitecturewhichincludesmanyChineseelementshasbecomethesymbolofChineseculture.Second,thousandsofvisitorsfromdifferentpartsoftheworldcometoseeiteveryday.Theyallsayitlooksmuchgranderthanitlooksinmovies.What’smore，therearealotofantiquesdisplayingintheForbiddencityattractingmanyvisitors.Sampleanswer2:Wherewouldyouliketolive,Mountain,forest,beach,ordesert?TheplaceI’dliketoliveistheforest.Ipreferitforthefollowingreasons.Firstofall,theairintheforestismuchfresherthanthatinthecity.AndIknowdoctorswillsuggestpeopletogotheretobreatheinmoreoxygen.Ihaveacousin,Jimmy,whousedtohaveproblemswithhislungsandhisdoctortoldhimtogototheforestasmuchashecould.Nowheiswellagain.Also,wecanhikeorevenhavepicnicsintheforestaslongaswedonotgetlost.Itmustbesuchaniceexperiencetofeelthebreezeandwatchthegreentreessittingonthegrasswithyourfriendswhileyoucanenjoyyourdeliciousfood.1、抽象事物

抽象事物题目备选项workofartmoviepoemsongpaintingphotographdecisiongoabroadjobhoppingmovingselectamajorgetapart-timejobtakealongjourneyjobfinancialanalystaccountantteacherdoctorlawyersalesmanadvicetimemanagementfocusonenhancingpracticalcapabilitiesbuildupareadinghabitHaveagoodrelationshipwithpeoplearoundalwayskeepintouchwithclosefriendsObtaininformationfromallthepossiblewaysnewsBethechampionofabasketballmatchBeelectedtobethepresidentofthestudentuniontheearthquakethefinancialcrisisanawardforanarticleanofferfromandreamuniversityopportunityworkasaleaderinagroupinternshipBeingavolunteeroftheOlympicGamesparticipateapaintingcontestBeingatourguideforagroupofforeignstudentsannouncerinaradiostationdifficultypreparefortheTOEFLconductasurveycookforthewholefamilyorganizeaclassactivityCallforhelpinanemergencyrentanapartmentskilldrivingswimmingcookingplayingtheguitardesigningfencing事物类

goalgetanofferfromtheidealuniversitygetamaster’sdegreeinarchitecturegainconsiderablescholarshipgainanformaljobinannationalcorporationbeinganexcellentdancertravelaroundtheworldsubjectfinancemarketingjournalismarchitectureeconomicssociologytimeofayearSpring/summer/fall/winterSpringFestivalNationalDayholidayperiodthestartofasemesterthesummer/wintervacationworkpeakclassanEnglishclassalectureinmarketinganobservationinaprimarythirdgradeclassachemistryclasswithafunnyexperimentanoutdoorbiologyclassaP.E.classDescribethemostimportantdecisionthatyou’vemadeinyourlife.

AparticularlysignificantdecisionI’vemadeinmylifewasthatIcametoworkandliveinBeijing.

IhadjustfinishedmycontractonaverydecentjobandIsupposeIwantedanewchallenginganddemandingjob.SoIdecidedtocometoBeijing,thecapitalcityfilledwithtalentsandopportunities.Besides,

IwasalwaysabitpassionateandIlikedtodothingsonthe

spurofthemoment.Arrivinginanewcitywas

exciting.JustwalkingoutofthestationwithasuitcaseandtwobagsandwithadreamofdoingsomethingfortheOlympicGames,IfeltIhadarrivedandIfeltlifewasmineandIcouldmakeittobeexactlywhatIwanted.

Thatsummer,Irealizedagainthatlifeneveroughttobeboring,butonthecontraryisfullofadventureandchallengeandisexciting,too.

2、具体事物具体事物BookGiftFoodMeansoftransportationtechnologyStyleofclothingfiction/novelacrystalboatKungPaochickensubwayTelevisionT-shirt&Jeansmagazine/journalabookPekingroastduckbicycleComputerDresspoemapairofhighheelsHotpotBus/trolleybusCellphoneSportswearReferencebookaguitarSteamedstuffedbunTrain/tramInternetCheong-sambiographyDSLR(DigitalSingleLensReflex单反相机)CongeewithmungbeanDriveone’sowncarAirplaneSuitshandbookafantastictravelSweetandsourmandarinfishAirplanetransportationNeutralclothingDescribeabookthatyouthinkisinteresting.Explainwhythisbookisinterestingtoyou.Includedetailsandexamplesinyourexplanation.CodeofVinciisundoubtedlyaveryinterestingbookwhichattractsalistofreadersintheworld.First,personally,Ihavetosaythatwecanlearnalotaboutthewesternculturefromthisbook,suchasthereligion,theBible,themysteriouschurches,themuseumsinParis,andsomeothermysteries.Additionally，thewholestoryinthebookdevelopsinaverylogicalandamazingway,fullofmysteriesanddetectiveelementswhichkeepmyinteresttoknowwhathappensnext.Itisreallyanattractivebook.综合口语Task3听力部分的笔记应注意以下事项：(1)对话通常为一男一女对阅读文章中的话题发表自己的看法。选择发表观点最直接最强烈的一方记录(2)看法强烈的一方对文章中的问题可能表示赞成，也可能表示反对，并给出支持自己观点的两个理由，考生要对此信息进行记录。常用结构句式1)阅读部分复述时，第一句话要交代阅读内容的背景，一般以下列表达为主：Theuniversityisgoingto/hasplanned/hasdecidedto...,because....(原因一)，also...(原因二)Intheannouncement/notice,theuniversityisgoingto...,thefirstreasonis...,thesecondreasonis...(2)阅读部分介绍完毕，可以直接说明学生的态度，并自然过渡到听力内容。Thewoman/mantotallyagreeswiththeuniversity’sannouncement/decision/policy.Theman/womanisagainst/supporting...He/shefeelsunhappy/lesssatisfiedabout...She/hethinksthe...isunfair/inconvenient/unaffordableforthefollowingreasons...(3)听力部分，当转述对话人所给出的两个理由时，可以用以下表达：First,she/hethinks/saysAlso,she/hepointsoutthat...真题练习AnOpeningLetterfromaStudentDearPrinciple: Hopethisfindsyouwell.Iamwritingtoproposethattheschoolshouldsponsorawildernessclubwithfundstorentbusesandorganizefieldtrips.Ibelievethatallwestudentswouldbebenefitedfromtheinvestmentforthefollowingtworeasons.First,withthetransportationprovidedbytheschool,wewillfinditmoreconvenienttogoforanouting.Also,goingoutdoorsandlookingatnaturalscenerywillmakeusfeelrefreshedandrelaxed.Asaresult,weareabletoconcentratemoreefficientlyontheschoolworkaftersuchatrip. Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon!BestRegards,xx2009年2月28日NarratorNowlistentotwostudentsastheydiscusstheopeningletter.Man:Look!That’sgreat!Woman:Whatdoyoumean?Man:Theschoolwouldmakeagooddecisionbyfollowingthroughonthatstudent’sproposal.Woman:Whatistheproposalabout?Man:Hereyougo:aletterinthenewspaperstatesthattheschoolshouldallocatefundstoorganizefieldtripsforstudents.Ibelievethisactwillhaveapositiveimpact.Woman:Okay,pleaseexplainyourideaalittlebitfurther.Man:Well,theschoolwilldefinitelybedoingagoodthinginprovidingfundsforthis.Especiallyinspringandsummer,alotofstudentsenjoytakingnaturewalks.However,notallofthemhavetransportation,makingitdifficulttotaketrips.Studentslivinginthecenterofthecitywouldfindtripslikethatdifficulttomake.Butwiththetransportationcoveredbytheschool,morestudentswouldbeabletotakeabreakfromtheirstudiesandgoonnaturewalks.Woman:Youareright.Beingoutandaboutinnatureisreallyrefreshing,right?Man:That’sright.Spendingallourtimeandenergyonstudyingleadstoexhaustion.Tripslikethesearegoodexperiencesforstudents,helpingthemtorechargetheirbatteriesandexperiencenature.Whentheycomeback,thestudentswillbeevenmorefocusedontheirstudies.Woman:Sure,definitely.SampleAnswer:Aletterfromastudentsuggestedthattheschoolshouldfinanciallysupportawildernessclubforstudentsbecausestudentsneedtogetintouchwithnatureandtakeabreakfromtheirstudies.Themanlikestheproposalforthefollowingreasons.Manystudentswhowanttotakenaturewalksdonothavepropertransportation,makingittoodifficultforthemtotravelonfieldtrips.Butthefreetransportofferedbytheschoolwillenablestudentstogoonnaturewalks.Afterstudentsarerechargedfromthetrip,theywillbeabletoconcentratemoreontheirschoolwork.综合口语task4答题思路回答这个问题的时候，考生需要试用来自听力和阅读材料的信息，并把教授在讲座中提到的例子和阅读文章中提出笼统的概念相练习。考生不需要一一列举出细节，但是提供的信息也是能够让没有听过讲座的人理解的。常用句式结构Inthissetofmaterials,thereadingpassagedescribes……andthelisteningmaterialisonthesametopic.Accordingtothelecture,theprofessordiscussesthepointthat……Theprofessortalksaboutthetheorythat…….He/shegivesone/twoexamplestoexplainsuchapointThereadingpassagegivesthedefinitionof……Inthelecture,theprofessorgoesontodemonstrateitbyintroducingsomeexamples.Thefirstis……Thesecondis……Fromthereadingmaterial，weknowthat……Todemonstrateit，thespeakerprovidestwoexamples/reasons/researches.Oneexampleisthat……Anotherexampleisthat…….真题练习2009年10月18日OpportunitycostOpportunitycostisaneconomicphenomenondescribingthenext-bestchoiceavailabletosomeonewhohaspickedbetweenseveralmutuallyexclusivechoices.Thenotionofopportunitycostplaysacrucialpartinensuringthatscarceresourcesareusedefficiently.Forexample,therearemanyoptionsinascenario.Whenpeoplewithafixedamountofmoneychooseoneofthemandbenefitfromit,theymustgiveupthebenefitsassociatedwithotheroptions.Narrator:M:welcometomyclass.You’reinMacroeconomics.Today,we’regoingtolearnaboutanimportanteconomicconceptknownasopportunitycost.Opportunitycostistheprocessofchoosingoneproductorserviceoveranother.Theitemthatyoudon’tpickistheopportunitycost.Itisassessedinnotonlymonetary,butalsomaterialterms.Eventhoughpeoplemightnotrealizeit,theyuseopportunitycosteverysingleday.Hereisanexample.Manyyearsago,theschoolhadtwooptionsindevelopingschoolinfrastructure.Onechoicewastobuildanewswimmingpool,becausetheschoollackedoneandstudentshadtogoallthewaytothepublicpooldowntown.Thesecondoptionwasconstructionofanewlibrary,becausetheexistingonewastoosmall.Intheend,theschooldecidedtobuildaswimmingpool.Whilemakingthisdecision,theschoolconsideredboththecostandtheopportunitycostofbuildingtheswimmingpool.Theopportunitycostinthiscasewasthebenefitstheschoolwouldhavereceivedfrombuildinganewlibrary.Forinstance,manystudentsmaynotpreferaswimmingpoolandwouldhavewantedagoodenvironmentforlearningordoingresearch.Theschoolwouldhavetoforegotheirinterestsifitwantedtobuildaswimmingpool.Question:theprofessortakesoneexampletoillustratethephenomenonof“opportunitycost”.Explainhowthisexampleisrelatedtothereadingpassage.Preparationtime:30secondsResponsetime:60secondsSampleanswer:Thelecturetalksaboutopportunitycost,whichisaneconomicphenomenon.Itmeanstheprocessandcostofchoosingonethingoveranother.Peopleuseopportunitycostintheireverydaylives,butmostofthemmightnotbeawareofit.Forexample,aschooloncehadtwooptionsoverwhethertobuildanewswimmingpooloranewlibrary.Afterhavingconsideredtheopportunitycostbetweenthetwooptions,theschooldecidedtobuildaswimmingpool.Thecostinthiscasewasthestudentsbenefitingfromhavingmorebooksandagoodenvironmentforlearningorconductingresearchfromanewlibrary.2009年2月28日CompetenceInpsychology,competenceisastandardizedrequirementforanindividualtoproperlyperformaspecificjob.Itencompassesacombinationofknowledge,skillsandbehaviorutilizedtoimproveperformance.Moregenerally,competenceistheabilitytoperformaspecifictask,actionorfunctionsuccessfully.Competencehastwostages:theconsciousandunconscious.Nowlistentoalectureonthistopicinaneducationpsychologyclass.W:Bothconsciouscompetenceandunconsciouscompetencearenamesforthetwostagesofcompetenceorlearning,whichisanexplanationofhowpeoplelearnsomething.Itprogressesfromdevelopingaskillinanareabuthavingtoconcentrateonit,tothesecondstage,inwhichpeoplearesogoodattheskillthatitjustcomesnaturally.I'llexplainthetermsfurthertohelpyouunderstandalittlebetter.understandalittlebetter.Consciouscompetencereferstoanindividual'sunderstandingorknowledgeofdoingsomething.However,demonstratingtheskillorknowledgerequiresagreatdealofconsciousconcentration.Here'sanexample:whenyoufirststarttolearntypingonacomputerkeyboard,youhavetoworkhardathittingtherightkeyswithoutbeingbotheredbyotherthingsinordertogeteverythingcorrect.Sometimes,youneedtostoptotalkwithothers.Asaresult,typinganarticlewilltakealongtime,butyoumakefewmistakes.However,whenitcomestothestageofunconsciouscompetence,anindividualhasmasteredtheskillsothatitbecomessecondnatureandcanbeperformedeasily,oftenwithoutconcentratingtoodeeply.Let'sgobacktothesameexample.Youaretypinganarticle,butthistimeyoudon'thavetothinkaboutwherethekeysare一youjusttypethemautomatically.Yourtypingspeedisgettingfasterandfaster,andyou'reabletotalktoyourfriendswithoutconcentratingonthekeyboard.Ofcourse,typingerrorsmaymorefrequentlyoccur.Theprofessortakesoneexampletoillustratethedifferencebetweentheconsciousandunconsciouscompetence.explainhowthisexampleisrelatedtothereadingpassage.Competenceistheabilitytoperformaspecificjobwell.Ithastwostages:theconsciousandunconscious.Consciouscompetenceisthefirststageoflearningwhichrequiresgreatconcentrationwhendemonstratingaskill.Forexample,whenyoustarttolearntyping,youhavetoconcentrateoneachkeyyouhit.Youdon'twantotherstobotheryouandsometimesyouhavetostopwhenyoutalktoothers.Asaresultthough,yourtypinghasfewmistakes.However,whenitcomestothesecondstageoflearning,peoplehavealreadymasteredtheskillandnolongerconcentrateasdeeply.Forrexample,youdon'thavetolookatthekeyboardwhenyouaretypinganarticlebecausetheskillhasbecomesecondnature.Soyoucantypefasterthanbeforeandtalktoyourfriendsatthesametime.However,sometimeserrorsaremorelikelytooccur.思路分析在听力时应该留意听的有三点：（1）男生或者女生遇到了什么样的问题，记下最简洁的关键词（2）另外一个人提出的第一个意见和详细内容（3）提出的第二个意见和详细内容综合口语Task5在准备时间里应该着重于选择倾向的一个建议，然后列出两个理由常用结构句式首先概括听力里的内容，即遇到了什么样的问题及两个建议Theman/womanhasencounteredaproblemthat...Theproblemoftheman/womanisthat...Thefirstadvicegivenis...whilethesecondis...Theman/womanposed2advices,thefirstoneis...,thesecondoneis...Thereare2possiblewaystosolvetheproblem...之后再提出个人的观点和理由Ipreferthefirst/secondadviceforthefollowingreasonsthat...Thefirst/secondoneismorereasonablethat...Thefirst/secondoneisbetterthantheother,because...Althoughthefirst/secondadvicesoundsreasonable,Ibelievethattheotheroneismoresuitable...2009年10月18日ManHi,Mary.Summeriscoming.Doyouhaveanyplans?WomanWell,I'mabouttoapplyforasummerjobatanewspaperoffice.IwishIcouldworkforanewspaperaftergraduation.ManWow,itsoundslikeyouhaveagoodplanforyourfuture.WomanButtheproblemis…Ihavetosubmitmyapplicationbeforethedeadline,whichisnoontomorrow.Buttheofficeiswaytoofarfromschool,andIdon'tknowifIcangetthereontime.ManOh,Iunderstand.Youprobablywanttodrivethereanddeliveryourapplication.Iamsureyoucansubmityourfilebeforethedeadline.WomanHa,nodoubt!ButIjustrealizedIhaveareviewsessiontomorrowmorningoncampus.HowcouldImakebothatthesametime?ManYeah,yourscheduleistricky.Perhapsthere'sanotherway一youcansendyourapplicationbyexpressmail.Theexpressservicealwayshasawaytodeliveryourapplicationontime.So,feelfreetoattendyourclasstomorrowmorning.Youwon'treallymissanythingimportant.WomanYeah,youknow,I'vedreamedaboutthisopportunity.Aftergraduation,whenI'mlookingforwork,anyemployerwilldefinitelyvaluemypart-timenewspaperexperience.Sendingmyapplicationbyexpresswouldbeconvenientandfast,butI'mafraidthattheywouldmakeamistakebydeliveringthefilelate.Brieflysummarizetheproblemandtwopossiblesolutions.Thenstatewhichsolutionyourecommendandexplainwhy.PreparationTime:20SecondsResponseTime:60SecondsSampleAnswer:Thewomanisapplyingforasummerjobatanewspaperof