虚拟语气知识点讲解和写作运用讲义-2023届高三英语写作专项

虚拟语气知识点讲解和写作运用01个人意愿.在常见动词:一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,recommend4.demand,require,request,desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。a.Idemandedthathebehereassoonaspossible.b.Itisrequiredthatmiddleschoolstudents(should)takeonehourexerciseeveryday.c.Hissuggestionisthatwepersuadehertostayherefirst.注意:insist表示“坚持认为"讲时不用虚拟语气；Heinsistedthathewasinnocent.suggest做“表明暗示"时不用虚拟语气；Whathesaidsuggestedthathewasafraud.2.Ifs(about/high)time+that该是做某事的时候到了从句谓语:过去时/should+v.(should不能省略)Itisabouttimethatwewereoff.我们该离开了。02非真实假设01asif/though（好像）+ifonly（要是…该多好）+wish从句的谓语分三种情况讨论：（1）表示对现在情况的虚拟，从句动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）（2）表示对过去情况的虚拟,从句动词常用“had+过去分词”。（过去完成时）（3）表示对将来的主观愿望,从句动词形式为"would+动词原形”。（过去将来时）a.Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.b.Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!c.IwishIknewtheanswertothequestion.02wouldrather（宁愿）虚拟现在或者将来：did（be用were）虚拟过去：haddonetz.Iwouldratheryoucametoseemetomorrow.b.Iwouldratheryouhadn7toldmethefact.03if的虚拟(虚拟里面最复杂的一种情况，因为主句和从句的谓语时态都需要变化)条件从句从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去时(were)would/could/should/might+V.（原）过去过去完成时haddonewould/could/should/might+have+p.p.未来1.过去时2.shouldwould/could/should/might+V.（原）+v.3.weretodoa.IfIwereastudent,Iwouldmakegooduseofthetime.b.IfIhadlistenedtotheteachercarefully,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.c.Ifwehadanother7-dayholiday,allofuswouldbemuchhappier.2）混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。a.Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodo.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）b.Ifithadrainedlastnight（过去）,itwouldbeverycoldtoday（现在）.3）虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were,should,或had,可将if省略，再把were,should或had移到从句句首，实行倒装。Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.=Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.b.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.-Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.c.Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.=Wereittorain,thecropswouldbesaved.注意:在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be，的过去时态一律用"were",不用was,即在从句中be用were代替。a.Iflwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.如果我是你,就会去找他。b.Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.注意:if的从句直接可以简化成Mthout/butfor+名词(短语)aWithoutsunlight,peoplefslifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.b.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn7havefinishedthework.虚拟语气在写作中的运用作文类型虚拟类型例句应用文——建议信个人意愿第一条It'shighlyrecommendedthat...非真实假设第三条IfIwereyou,Iwoul•••应用文——感谢信非真实假设第三条Ifithadn7beenforyourgeneroushelp(Haditnotbeen...),Iwould/wouldnfthavedone...或者Without/Butforyourgeneroushelp,Iwould/wouldn7havedone...应用文——倡议书个人意愿第二条Itishigh/abouttimeth读后续写非