2023年山东省普通高等教育专升本考试英语试题

2023年度山东省一般高等教育专升本考试英语试题

２０23-０2-28２３:21:4５|

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订阅SectionADｉrecｔions:Inthisｓｅctiｏn，you’ｌlhearfｉｖeshortconｖerｓaｔions．Aｆtereａcｈｃonverｓatiｏn,aqｕｅｓtｉonｗillbeaskedａｂoｕｔwｈaｔwassａｉｄ.Thｅconvｅrｓationａnｄqｕestionwillｂｅreadonlyｏnce.Listｅncaｒefulｌｙandchoｏsethｅbｅｓｔanswertoeachqueｓtion.１.

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A．Theｍａn＇sfａtｈerｄiｄn'tgo. Tｈｅmaｎthoughtthegamewaｓexcellｅｎt. Ｔheytｈoｕgｈｔthｅｇamewasｕnｓatｉsｆactory.ﻩTheｍａn’sfatheｒｔhｏughｔtｈegameｗassaｔiｓfactory. Ａ.Gotoadance. B.GototｈeＳｔuｄｅntCentrｅ.Ｃ.Gotoalecture.ﻩD.Stayathome.ＳectionBDｉｒecｔｉons:Inｔhｉsseｃtioｎ,you’llhｅａralｏｎgconvｅrｓationandａpassage.Theconvｅrsaｔionanｄpａｓsagewｉｌlｂeｒeａdtｗicｅ.Aｔｔheeｎdoｆthem，yｏｕ’ｌｌhearsｏmequestiｏns.Listencarefulｌyandcｈoosｅthebestaｎsweｒtoeacｈqｕesｔion. ﻩ ﻩC.hａircutﻩ ﻩﻩﻩD.hishairｃｕttingAｈiｓｔoriｃchａngeｉsｔakiｎgｐlaceｉnhigheｒｅｄucation．Profesｓorｓarebｅingheldresponsｉbleasneｖｅrbeforefｏｒhowｗeｌlthｅyservestuｄents.Ithasｂｅcomeascommoｎiｎcｏlleｇesaｎduｎｉvｅｒsitｉesfoｒsｔuｄｅnｔｓtｏgraｄeprofｅssｏｒsasfoｒproｆesｓorｓｔogrａdestuｄents.Ｉnｆａct,stｕdｅｎtratiｎgｓhaveｂecoｍｅtｈemｏｓtwideｌyｕsedand,ｉnmanyｃaｓes,tｈeonlysourceofinfoｒmaｔionoｎｔeachingeｆfecｔivenesｓ．Ｉncompａringthreestｕdiｅsofthesamｅ６0０fｏur-yearｃolｌｅｇes，itwａｓｆounｄthatｔｈｅｎumberｏｆcollegeｓusinｇstuｄeｎtrａtiｎgｓtoevａｌｕateteachershａdcｌimbedfrom2９ｐercentto68ｐerｃent．Ｎoｏtｈeｒmethodofeｖaluａtioｎａｐproａchｅdthatｄｅｇreeofｕsａｇe,andoｔherstudｉesｈavｅfｏuｎｄｓiｍｉｌarresuｌｔs.Onｅrｅasonthatstudｅｎtevaｌuaｔionsofteacｈersｈavｅｂeｃomｅｓopopulaｒｉsthａtｔｈeyareｅasｙtoadｍinｉsterandtoscore.Bｕｔthｅｙalｓoareｅａsytｏabuｓｅ．Ｉfｔheyaｒetosｈedmeａｎｉngfulｌighｔonteａcheｒ’ｓｐeｒfoｒmance,theｒａtｉngmustbeusedinawaｙthatreflｅｃtsａtleastsｏmeofwｈａtｗe'veleａｒｎtaｂouｔｔｈｅmfromresearchaｎdfromexperｉence.Reｓｅａrｃhａndexｐeｒieｎcehavｅshｏwnus,forｅxampｌe,thatstudentｒaｔiｎgｓsｈｏuldneｖerｂｅｔｈeonlybasisforｅvalｕａtingｔeachｉｎgeｆfｅｃtｉvenｅss．Thｅｒｅismuchmｏretｏｔeａchingtｈanwhatisevａｌuatedoｎstuｄｅnｔraｔinｇforms．Ｗhｅnrａtiｎgsaｒeuｓed，ｗeｋｎoｗtｈatstudentsshoulｄnoｔbeexpeｃtｅdtojuｄgewhｅｔｈｅrtｈematerｉａｌsusedinacourseaｒeｕptodaｔｅorhowｗｅｌltｈeteachｅｒknｏｗsthｅsｕｂjectｍaｔterｏfｔhｅｃourse．Ｔhｅsｅjｕdgｍeｎtsreqｕiｒeprofｅssioｎａｌbaｃｋｇroundanｄaｒebestlefttotheｐrofｅssor’ｓcolleagueｓ.Onｔheoｔhｅrhand,ｓtｕｄenｔsshｏｕlｄbeaskedtoｅsｔimatewｈatｔｈeyｈａvｅｌeaｒnｅdinacouｒse,andｔorｅｐoｒｔoｎsuchthingsａｓaｐrofesｓor’sabilitｙtocoｍｍunicaｔeaｔtｈeｓtudent’sｌevel,ｐrofeｓsioｎａlｂeｈaviｏrintheｃlasｓrｏｏm，rｅｌatｉｏnshｉpwｉｔhsｔudeｎｔs，aｎｄabiliｔｙtoaｒoｕseinteresｔinｔhesubｊeｃt.Aresomepｅｏpleｂornｃleverandothersborｎstuｐiｄ?Orisｉｎtｅlligeｎｃeｄeｖeloｐedｂｙｏurｅｎviroｎmeｎｔandoｕｒｅxpｅrｉencｅs？Ｓtrangelyeｎｏuｇh，theansweｒtobｏｔhｔｈｅsｅqｕestioｎｓiｓyes.Toｓｏmeextentouｒinteｌliｇenｃeisgivenusatbirth,anｄnoａmountｏfspｅcｉaleducatｉonｃanmaｋeａgenｉｕｓｏutｏfachiｌdbornwｉｔhlowintｅlｌigｅnce.Ｏntheothｅrhaｎｄ,acｈildwholivesｉnaｂｏｒｉngenvｉroｎmentwillｄevelophｉsｉｎｔeｌligenｃeｌeｓsthanachｉldｗhｏliveｓｉnriｃhandｖarｉｅdsurrouｎdinｇs．Thustheｌimitsｏfaperson’sｉnｔｅlligｅnceａrｅｆixedａｔbirth,buｔwhｅtherorｎｏtheｒeaｃheｓｔhoselｉmｉtｓwilｌdepeｎdonｈisenvｉronmeｎｔ.Thisｖiｅw,nowheｌdbyｍoｓtexｐｅｒts，cａnbesupｐortedinanumbｅrofｗays．Iｔｉseasytoｓhｏｗthａtinｔelligenｃeｉstｏsomeexｔeｎtｓometｈingweaｒebornwith.Thecｌosertｈｅｂｌoｏdreｌaｔioｎshipbetweｅntwoｐeoplｅ,thecｌosertｈｅyarｅｌikelｙtobeｉninｔelligｅnｃｅ．Tｈusiｆwetaｋetwｏunrelatｅｄｐeopleatranｄomfrｏｍtheｐoｐｕｌaｔｉｏｎ,ｉtislｉkelythattheirdegreesoｆintelligenｃeｗiｌｌbｅｃompｌetｅｌyｄｉｆferent.If，oｎtheotherhａnd,wetaｋetwoidenticａｌtｗiｎs,theywilｌveｒｙlikelybeasintellｉgentasｅachoｔher．Rｅlatioｎsｌikｅbrotｈersanｄsisters,pareｎtｓandｃｈildreｎ,uｓuａllyhaｖｅsiｍｉlarinｔelligence,aｎｄthｉscｌearlysuｇｇesｔsthatintelliｇencedｅpendsｏnbiｒth.Iｍaｇｉnenowthatwｅtakｅtwｏiｄｅntｉcaltwinsanｄpuｔtheminｄｉfferentenvironments．Wｅmightｓendone，forexamｐle,ｔoauniｖerｓityanｄｔheothertｏafaｃtorｙwｈerethｅworkisbｏring.Weｃｏuldｓoonｆindｄｉfferencesｉninteｌlｉgencedｅvelopinｇ,andthisｉnｄｉcatestｈatenｖironmｅｎｔasｗellasｂirtｈplａysaｐarｔ.Tｈｉscoｎclusｉonｉｓａlsosｕggeｓtedbythｅｆａｃtthａｔpeoｐｌeｗｈolivｅｉnclosｅcontaｃtwitheachｏthｅr,butｗｈoarenｏtrｅlatｅdatall,areｌｉｋｅlｙtohａｖesｉｍｉｌardegreｅsｏｆintellｉgence．43. Intｈeｓｅｃｏndpaｒaｇｒaph"ifwetａketwouｎｒelａteｄpeoｐｌeatrandomfｒomtｈe

popｕlａtion……"mｅａｎs.４4. Ｔhｅｅxamｐlｅｏｆthｅtwｉnsｇoｉngtoaｕｎivｅrｓｉtｙaｎdｔoａfacｔoryseｐaratelyshoｗs.４5.ﻩTｈeｂeｓttiｔｌｅofthispａssａｇｅcanｂe.Ｔask3Themoｔｏrvehiｃlehasｋｉllｅdanddｉsabledmorepｅopleｉnitsbriefｈistorythaｎanｙbomboｒwｅapoｎeｖeｒｉｎｖeｎteｄ.Muｃhoftheｂloodｏntｈesｔreｅtflowseｓsｅnｔialｌｙfｒomuｎciviｌbehaviorｏｆdrｉverswhoｒefusｅｔorespeｃｔthelegａlanｄmoralrightsoｆoｔhers.SothemassacreｏntheｒoａdmａyｂeｒegardedasasoｃialＩｎｆact,theeｎｅmiesｏfsociｅtyｏｎwhｅelsarｅrathｅrｈaｒmlessｐeopｌe-jｕstorｄｉnaｒypｅopleａcｔinｇcａreleｓsly，youmigｈｔｓａy.Buｔｉtisapｒiｎｃiｐｌebothoflawaｎdｃoｍmonmoraliｔythａtcarelｅssnessｉsｎｏｅxcｕsewｈenoｎe’sactionsｃｏuldbｒingdeathｏrdａｍagetooｔhers.Aminｏｒityoｆｔhekiｌlerｓgoevｅnbｅyｏｎdｃarelｅssneｓｓtotｏtalｎｅgligeｎｃe．Rｅsearｃhｅrsｈaｖeestimａｔｅdthaｔaｓmanyas8０%ｏfalｌａｕtomobilｅaｃcideｎtsｃanbｅattrｉbutｅdｔｏｔheｐsyｃhologicalｃｏｎｄiｔiｏnofｔｈｅdrivｅr.Ｅmｏｔionalupseｔsｃａndistortｄrivers’reactionｓ,ｓｌoｗtｈeirｊudgｍent,ａndｂlindtheｍｔodangeｒsｔhatmiｇhtotheｒwiseｂeevident．Thｅeｘｐeｒtｓwarｎｔｈａtｉtｉsvitalfｏreｖｅrydｒｉvertomａkeaconsciｏuseffoｒttｏkeｅpone'seｍotioｎsundeｒcontroｌ.Yettheｉｒresponsibilｉtｙｔｈaｔaccountｓｆｏrｍｕｃhoftｈeproblemｉsnotcｏnfiｎedtoｄrivers．Streｅtｗaｌkeｒsregulaｒlｙviolaｔｅtｒａfficrｅguｌatiｏns，theyａtfaultinmｏstｖehicｌe－ｗalｋerａｃcidents,andmaｎyｃycｌistseｖenｂelｉｅvｅtｈaｔtｈeｙａrenoｔsｕbjeｃttothｅｂasｉcｒulesoftheｒｏad．Sigｎificaｎｔｌegalaｄvanceｓｈａveｂｅｅnｍadetｏｗardsaverdｒivｉngintheｐａstｆｅｗyeaｒs.Safeｔysｔanｄaｒdsfｏrｖehｉｃlehavebeenrａisedbｏtｈattheｐointofmａnuｆａcｔureａｎｄthｒouｇｈperiodｉcroad－worｔhineｓｓinsｐeｃtｉｏns.Inaddｉtion,spｅｅｄliｍiｔshavebeenloｗered．Duetothesemｅasurｅs,thｅacciｄentｒａｔehａsｄecreased．Bｕttheaｃcidentexｐeｒtｓsｔiｌlｗoｒryｂecausetｈｅrehaｓbｅｅnlittleｏrｎoimｐrovemｅnｔｉntｈeｗaｙdｒiｖerｓbｅhave．Ｔhｅonlｙｒeａlａndlaｓｔinｇsoluｔioｎ,saytｈｅexpeｒts，isｔoconvｉnｃｅpeoｐlethａtdrivｉnｇisａsｋilledtasｋrequiriｎgconstantcareandｃoncｅntration．Tｈosｅwhofailtodoallｔheｓeｔhingｓpｒesentatｈreａttothoseｗitｈwhomtｈｅyshａｒｅtheroaｄ.46．Tｈeautｈoｒ'smaｉnｐurposeinwｒitingthispaｓsａgeiｓ. toｄisｃusstrafficproblemsandｐroposepossiｂlesolutionsﻩtｏｐｒoｍｏteuｎdｅrstandingｂｅｔｗeeｎstｒeｅtｗａlｋｅrｓandmotｏrdrivers topｒoｖethatmotorｉnvｅntiｏnisaverydａnｇｅrouｓone towarnthedｒｉversｏｆthｅimportaｎceofsａｆeｄriving47.Accｏrdingｔｏｔhｅpａｓsａｇe，trａfficaｃcｉdentsmayｂeｒeｇａｒdedaｓａsociaｌprｏｂｌemｂecause． ｃivｉlizatiｏnbrｉngｓｍuchharmtopｅople peｏpｌｅusｕaｌlｙpaylittlｅａtteｎtiｏntoｌaｗandmoｒalｉty autoｍobｉleshavebｅcomemostｄesｔrucｔiｖetomankｉndﻩtｈｅlaｃkofvirtueisbeｃomingｍoｒesevｅｒe48.Tｈeautｈｏrmeｎtionsｔhepｓychologicalｃonｄitionofthｅdrｉverｓ，inordｅｒｔo.ﻩｓhowsｏmｅoftheinacｃｕraｔｅeｓｔimatiｏnsbyreseaｒchersﻩｓｈoｗhｏwimｐoｒtａｎtｉtisfｏrdrｉveｒsｔobeｅmoｔionallｙhealthyﻩｇiveanexａｍplｅtothevariouｓreaｓoｎsｆorｒoadaccｉdeｎts illustrateｔｈehidｄentensioｎsintｈecourｓeofdriｖinｇ49.WhoareＮOTｍentionｅｄａsbeingrespｏnsibleｆortheroadａcciｄeｎts？ Mｉndlesspｅoｐlewａlkingoｎtheroａd.ﻩCarelｅssbiｃycleｒiders． Irｒeｓponsibleｄｒivers． Ｉrresponｓｉbleｍanufactuｒｅｒsｏfautomｏbileｓ．Whｉchofthｅfｏllowinｇbestreflectstｈｅauthor'saｔtiｔuｄｅtowａrdafuturewitｈouttrafficaccidｅntpｒobｌeｍs？ﻩSuｒpriｓedandveryｐleased．ﻩHappyandｒａ