2023考研英语一真题及答案

其身正，不令而行；其身不正，虽令不从。——《论语》2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)CaravanseraiswereroadsideinnsthatwerebuiltalongtheSilkRoadinareasincludingChina,NorthAfricaandtheMiddleEast.Theyweretypically__1__outsidethewallsofacityorvillageandwereusuallyfundedbygovernmentsor__2__.Thisword"Caravanserais"isa__3__ofthePersianword"karvan",whichmeansagroupoftravellersoracaravan,andseray,apalaceorenclosedbuilding.ThePermcaravanwasusedto__4__groupsofpeoplewhotravelledtogetheracrosstheancientnetworkforsafetyreasons,__5__merchants,travellersorpilgrims.Fromthe10thcenturyonwards,asmerchantandtravelroutesbecomemoredeveloped,the__6__oftheCaravanseraisincreasedandtheyservedasasafeplaceforpeopletorestatnight.TravellersontheSilkRoad__7__possibilityofbeingattackedbythievesorbeing__8__toextremeconditions.Forthisreason,Caravanseraiswerestrategicallyplaced__9__theycouldbereachedinaday'straveltime.Caravanseraisservedasaninformal__10__pointforthevariouspeoplewhotravelledtheSilkRoad.__11__,thosestructuresbecameimportantcentersforculture__12__andinteraction,withtravelerssharingtheircultures,ideasandbeliefs,__13__talkingknowledgewiththem,greatly__14__thedevelopmentofseveralcivilizations.Caravanseraiswerealsoanimportantmarketplaceforcommoditiesand__15__inthetradeofgoodsalongtheSilkRoad.__16__,itwasfrequentlythefirststopmerchantslookingtoselltheirwaresand__17__suppliesfortheirownjourneys.Itis__18__thataround120,000to15,000caravanseraiswerebuiltalongtheSilkRoad,__19__onlyabout3000areknowntoremaintoday,manyofwhicharein__20__.1.[A]displayed2.[A]privately3.[A]definition4.[A]classify[B]occupied[B]regularly[B]transition[B]record[C]located[D]equipped[C]respectively[C]substitution[C]describe[C]suchas[D]permanently[D]combination[D]connect5.[A]apartfrom[B]insteadof[D]alongwith以铜为镜，可以正衣冠；以古为镜，可以知兴替；以人为镜，可以明得失。——《旧唐书·魏征列传》

天行健，君子以自强不息。地势坤，君子以厚德载物。——《易经》6.[A]construction7.[A]doubted8.[A]assigned9.[A]sothat[B]restoration[B]faced[C]impression[C]accepted[C]accustomed[C]nowthat[C]breaking[C]Incomparison[C]exchange[C]aswellas[C]resuming[C]failed[D]evaluation[D]reduced[D]opposed[D]incase[B]subjected[B]evenif10.[A]talking11.[A]Bytheway12.[A]heritage13.[A]withregardto14.[A]completing15.[A]aided[B]starting[B]Onoccasion[B]revival[D]meeting[D]Asaresult[D]status[B]inspiteof[B]influencing[B]invested[B]indeed[D]inlinewith[D]pioneering[D]competed[D]however[D]stockupon[D]implied16.[A]rather[C]otherwise[C]closeinon[C]recalled17.[A]goinfor18.[A]believed19.[A]until[B]standupfor[B]predicted[B]because[B]debt[C]unless[D]although[D]series20.[A]ruins[C]fashionSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbyChoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1TheweatherinTexasmayhavecooledsincetherecentextremeheat,butthetemperaturewillbehighattheStateBoardofEducationmeetinginAustinthismonthasofficialsdebatehowclimatechangeistaughtinTexasschools.PatHardy,aconservativememberoftheboardwhosympathiseswiththeviewsoftheenergysector,isresistingproposedchangestosciencestandardsforpre-teenpupils.Thesewouldemphasisetheprimacyofhumanactivityinrecentclimatechangeandencouragediscussionofmitigationmeasures.“Inthenationalstandards,everythinghastodowithclimatechange—that’sverylopsided,”sheclaims.“Thereareasmanyscientistsworkingagainstallthepanicofglobalclimatechangeastherearethosewhoarepushingit.Texasisanenergystateandweneedtorecognisethat.Youneedtorememberwhereyourbreadisbuttered.”Mostscientistsandindependentexpertssharplydisputeherviews.“WhatmillionsofTexaskidslearnintheirpublicschoolsisdeterminedtoooftenbythepoliticalideologyofpartisanboard良辰美景奈何天，便赏心乐事谁家院。则为你如花美眷，似水流年。——《汤显祖》

其身正，不令而行；其身不正，虽令不从。——《论语》members,ratherthanfactsandsoundscholarship,”saysDanQuinn,seniorcommunicationsstrategistattheTexasFreedomNetwork,anon-profitgroupthatmonitorspubliceducation.“Theycasuallydismissthecareerworkofscholarsandscientistsasjustanothermisguidedopinion.”SuchdebatesreflectfiercediscussionsacrosstheUSandaroundtheworld,asresearchers,policymakers,teachersandstudentsstepupdemandsforagreaterfocusonteachingaboutthefactsofclimatechangeinschools.AstudylastyearbytheNationalCenterforScienceEducation,anon-profitgroupofscientistsandteachers,lookingathowstatepublicschoolsacrossthecountryaddressclimatechangeinscienceclasses,gavebarelyhalfofUSstatesagradeB+orhigher.Amongthe10worstperformersweresomeofthemostpopulousstates,includingTexas,whichwasgiventhelowestgrade(F)andhasadisproportionateinfluencebecauseitstextbooksarewidelysoldelsewhere.GlennBranch,thecentre’sdeputydirector,cautionsthatsettingstate-levelsciencestandardsisonlyonelimitedbenchmarkinacountrythatdecentralisesdecisionstolocalschoolboards.Evenifastateisconsideredahighperformerinitssciencestandards,“thatdoesnotmeanitwillbetaught”,hesays.Anotherissueisthat,whileclimatechangeiswellintegratedintosomesubjectsandatsomeages—suchasearthandspacesciencesinhighschools—itisnotaswellrepresentedincurriculaforyoungerchildrenandinsubjectsthataremorewidelytaught,suchasbiologyandchemistry.Itisalsolessprominentinmanysocialstudiescourses.Branchpointsoutthat,evenifagrowingnumberofofficialguidelinesandtextbooksreflectscientificconsensusonclimatechange,unofficialeducationalmaterialsthatconveymoreslantedperspectivesarebeingdistributedtoteachers.Theyincludematerialssponsoredbylibertarianthink-tanksandenergyindustryassociations.21.Inparagraph1,theweatherinTexasismentionedtoA.forecastapolicyshiftinTexasschools.B.stresstheconsequencesofclimatechange.C.indicatetheatmosphereattheboardmeeting.D.drawthepublic'sattentiontoenergyshortages.22.WhatdoesQuinnthinkofHardy?A.sheexaggeratestheexistingpanic.B.shedeniesthevalueofscientificwork.C.sheshowsnoconcernforpre-teens.D.sheexpressesself-contradictoryviews.23.ThestudymentionedinParagraph5A.climateeducationisinsufficientatstatepublicschools.忍一句，息一怒，饶一着，退一步。——《增广贤文》

百川东到海，何时复西归？少壮不尽力，老大徒伤悲。——汉乐府《长歌行》B.policymakershavelittledriveforscienceeducation.C.Texasisreluctanttorewriteitssciencetextbooks.D.environmentalteachinginsomestateslackssupervision.24.AccordingtoBranch,state-levelsciencestandardsintheUSA.callforregularrevisionB.requireurgentapplicationC.havelimitedinfluenceD.catertolocalneeds25.ItisimpliedinthelastparagraphthatclimatechangeteachinginsomeschoolsA.agreetomajorpublicdemandsB.reflectsteachers'personalbiasC.maymispresenttheenergysectorD.canbeswayedbyexternalforcesText2CommunitiesthroughoutNewEnglandhavebeenattemptingtoregulateshort-termrentalssincesiteslikeAirbnbtookoffinthe2010s.Now,withrecord-highhomepricesandhistoricallylowinventory,there’sanincreasedurgencyinsuchregulation,particularlyamongthosewhoworrythatdeveloperswillcomeinandbuyupswathsofhousingtoflipforafortuneontheshort-termrentalmarket.InNewHampshire,wheretherentalvacancyratehasdroppedbelow1percent,housingadvocatesfearuncheckedshort-termrentalswillputfurtherpressureonanalreadystrainedmarket.ThestateLegislaturerecentlyvotedagainstabillthatwould’vemadeitillegalfortownstocreatelegislationrestrictingshort-termrentals.“Weareatacrisislevelonthesupplyofrentalhousing,”saidNickTaylor,executivedirectoroftheWorkforceHousingCoalitionoftheGreaterSeacoast.WithoutenoughaffordablehousinginsouthernNewHampshiretowns,“employersarehavingahardtimeattractingemployees,andworkersarehavingahardtimefindingaplacetolive,”Taylorsaid.However,short-termrentalsalsoprovidehousingfortourists,pointedoutRyanCastle,CEOofalocalassociationofrealter.“Alotofworkersareservicingthetouristindustry,andthetourismindustryisservicedbythosepeoplecominginshortterm,”Castlesaid,“andsoit’sacyclicaleffect.”Short-termrentalsthemselvesarenotthecruxoftheissue,saidKerenHorn,anaffordablehousingpolicyexpertattheUniversityofMassachusettsBoston.“Ithinkindividualsbeingabletorentouttheirsecondhomeisagoodthing.Ifit’stheirvacationhomeanyway,andit’sjustempty,whycan’tyoumakemoneyoffit?”Hornsaid.Issuesarise,however,whendevelopersattemptto非淡泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远。——诸葛亮

常将有日思无日，莫待无时思有时。——《增广贤文》createlarge-scaleshort-termrentalfacilities—defactohotels—tobypasstaxesandregulations.“Ithinkthequestionis,shouldn’tadeveloperwho’sreallybuildingahotel,butdisguisingitasnotahotel,betreatedandtaxedandregulatedlikeahotel?”Hornsaid.Attheendof2018,GovernorCharlieBakersignedabilltoreininthosepotentialinvestor-buyers.“Thebillrequireseveryrentalhosttoregisterwiththestate,mandatestheycarryinsurance,andopensthepotentialforlocaltaxesontopofanewstatelevy,”theGlobereported.Bostontookthingsevenfurther,limitingwhoisauthorizedtorentouttheirhome,andrequiringrenterstoregisterwiththecity’sInspectionalServicesDepartment.Hornsaidsimilarregistrationrequirementscouldbenefitotherstrugglingcitiesandtowns.Theonlywaytosolvetheissue,however,isbycreatingmorehousing.“Ifwewanttomakeachangeinthehousingmarket,themainoneiswehavetobuildalotmore.”26.WhichofthefollowingistrueofNewEngland?A.Itshousingsupplyisataverylowlevel.B.Itscommunitiesareinneedoffunding.C.Itsrentalvacancyrateisgoingupslowly.D.Itshomepricesareunderstrictcontrol.27.ThebillmentionedinParagraph2wasintendedtoA.curbshort-termrentalspeculation.B.ensurethesupplyofcheaphousing.C.punishillegaldealingsinhousing.D.allowafreeshort-termrentalmarket.28.ComparedwithCastle,TaylorismorelikelytosupportA.furtherinvestmentinlocaltourism.B.anincreaseinaffordablehousing.C.strictmanagementofrealestateagents.D.afavorablepolicyforshort-termworkers.29.WhatdoesHornemphasizeinParagraph5?A.Theurgencytoupgradeshort-termrentalfacilities.B.Theefficientoperationofthelocalhousingmarket.C.Thenecessitytostopdevelopersfromevadingtaxes.D.Theproperproceduresforrentingoutsparehouses.30.HornholdsthatimposingregistrationrequirementsisA.anirrationaldecision.老当益壮，宁移白首之心；穷且益坚，不坠青云之志。——唐·王勃

吾日三省乎吾身。为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？——《论语》B.anunfeasibleproposal.C.anunnecessarymeasure.D.aninadequatesolution.Text3Ifyou’reheadingforyournearestbranchofWaterstonesinsearchoftheDuchessofSussex’snewchildren’sbookTheBench,youmighthavetobepreparedtohuntaroundabit;thesamemaybetrueofThePresident'sDaughter,thenewthrillerbyBillClintonandJamesPatterson.BothofthesebooksarepublishednextweekbyPenguinRandomHouse,acompanycurrentlyinvolvedinastand-offwithWaterstones.Theproblembeganlatelastyear,whenPenguinRandomHouseconfirmedthatithadintroducedacreditlimitwithWaterstones“ataverysignificantlevel”.ThetrademagazineTheBooksellerreportedthatWaterstonesbranchmanagerswerebeingtoldtoremovePRHbooksfromprominentareassuchastables,displayspacesandwindows,andwere“quietlyretiringthemtotheirrelevantsections”.PRHdeclinedtocommentontheissue,butaspokespersonforWaterstonestoldme:“WaterstonesarecurrentlyoperatingwithreducedcredittermsfromPRH,theonlypublisherintheUKtoplaceanylimitationsonourabilitytotrade.WearenotboycottingPRHtitlesbutwearedoingourutmosttoensurethatavailabilityforcustomersremainsgooddespitetheloweroveralllevelsofstock.Wedothisgenerallybygivingtheirtitleslessprominentpositioningwithinourbookshops.Inthemeantime,PRHauthorshavebeenthelosers-ashavecustomers,whomightexpectthenewtitlesfromthecountry’sbiggestpublishertobeprominentlydisplayedbyitsbiggestbookretailer.Big-namePRHauthorsmaysufferabit,butit’sthosemid-listauthors,whonormallyrelyonWaterstonesstaff’spassionforpromotingbooksbylesser-knownwriters,whowillbeprayingforanendtothedispute.ItcomesatatimewhenauthorsarealreadyworriedabouttheconsequencesoftheproposedmergerbetweenPRHandanotherbigpublisher,Simon&Schuster-thereductioninthenumberofunalignedUKpublishersislikelytoleadtofewerbiddingwars,loweradvances,andmoreconformityintermsofwhatispublished.AndonewondersifPRHwouldhavebeenconfidentenoughtodealwithWaterstonesinthewayithasifitweren’tquitesuchabigcompany(itwasformedwiththemergerofPenguinandRandomHousein2013)andlikelytogetbigger.“Thisisallpartofawiderchangetowardsconcentrationofpowerandcartels.Literaryagenciesaregettingbiggertohavetheclouttonegotiatebettertermswithpublishers,publishersconsolidatingtodealwithAmazon,”saysLownie.“Thepublishingindustrytalksaboutdiversityintermsofauthorsandstaffbutitalsoneedsapluralityofwaysofdeliveringintellectualcontact,choiceanddifferentvoices.Afterall,manyofthemostinterestingbooksinrecentyearshavecomefromsmallpublishers.”人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？——《论语》

百学须先立志。——朱熹Weshallseewhetherthatpluralityisacasualtyofthecurrentneedamongpublisherstobebigenoughtotakeonall-comers.31.theauthormentionstwobooksintheparagraph1topresentA.anongoingconflictB.anintellectualconceptC.aprevailingsentimentD.aliteraryphenomenon32.WhydidWaterstonesshopsretirePRHbookstotheirrelevantsections?A.Tomakethemeasilynoticeable.B.TocomplywithPRH'srequirement.C.TorespondtoPRH'sbusinessmove.D.Toarrangetheminasystematicway.33.WhatmessagedidthespokesmanofWaterstonesseemtoconvey?A.theircustomersremainroyalBthecreditlimitwillberemovedC.theirstockisunderestimatedD.thebookmarketisratherslack34.Whatcanbeoneconsequenceofthecurrentdispute?ASalesofbooksbymid-listPRHwritersfalloffconsiderablyBLesser-knownPRHwritersbecomethetargetofcriticismCWaterstonesstaffhesitatetopromotebig-nameauthor'sbooksDWaterstonesbranchessutteraseverereductioninrevenue35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestrepresentsLownie'sview?ASmallpublishersoughttosticktogetherBBigpublisherswilllosetheirdominanceCThepublishingindustryishavingahardtimeDThemergerofpublishersisaworryingtrendText4Scientificpapersaretherecordkeepersofprogressinresearch.Eachyearresearcherspublishmillionsofpapersinmorethan30,000journals.Thescientificcommunitymeasuresthequalityofthosepapersinanumberofways,includingtheperceivedqualityofthejournal(asreflectedby云路鹏程九万里，雪窗萤火二十年。——《王实甫》

百学须先立志。——朱熹thetitle’simpactfactor)andthenumberofcitationsaspecificpaperaccumulates.Thecareersofscientistsandthereputationoftheirinstitutionsdependonthenumberandprestigeofthepaperstheyproduce,butevenmoresoonthecitationsattractedbythesepapers.Citationcartels,wherejournals,authors,andinstitutionsconspiretoinflatecitationnumbers,haveexistedforalongtime.In2016,researchersdevelopedanalgorithmtorecognizesuspiciouscitationpatterns,includinggroupsofauthorsthatdisproportionatelyciteoneanotherandgroupsofjournalsthatciteeachotherfrequentlytoincreasetheimpactfactorsoftheirpublications.Recently,anotherexpressionofthispredatorybehavior:so-calledsupportserviceconsultanciesthatprovidelanguageandothereditorialsupporttoindividualauthorsandtojournalssometimesadvisecontributorstoaddanumberofcitationstotheirarticles.Theadventofelectronicpublishingandauthors’needtofindoutletsfortheirpapersresultedinthousandsofnewjournals.Thebirthofpredatoryjournalswasn’tfarbehind.Thesejournalscanactasmilkcowswhereeverysinglearticleinanissuemayciteaspecificpaperoraseriesofpapers.Inotherinstances,thereisabsolutelynorelationshipbetweenthecontentofthearticleandthecitations.Thepeculiarpartisthatthejournalthattheeditorissupposedlyworkingforisnotprofitingatall—itisjustprovidingcitationstootherjournals.Suchpracticescanleadanarticletoaccruemorethan150citationsinthesameyearthatitwaspublished.Howinsidiousisthistypeofcitationmanipulation?Inoneexample,anindividual—actingasauthor,editor,andconsultant—wasabletouseatleast15journalsascitationproviderstoarticlespublishedbyfivescientistsatthreeuniversities.TheproblemisrampantinScopus,whichincludesahighnumberofthenew“international”journals.Infact,alistinginScopusseemstobeacriteriontobetargetedinthistypeofcitationmanipulation.Scopusitselfhasallthedatanecessarytodetectthismalpractice.Redflagsincludealargenumberofcitationstoanarticlewithinthefirstyear.Andforauthorswhowishtosteerclearofcitationcartelactivities:whenaneditor,areviewer,orasupportserviceasksyoutoaddinappropriatereferences,donotobligeanddoreporttherequesttothejournal.36.AccordingtoParagraph1,thecareersofscientistscanbedeterminedby[A]howmanycitationstheirworkscontain[B]howmanytimestheirpapersarecited[C]theprestigeofthepeopletheyworkwith[D]thestatustheyhaveinscientificcircles37.Thesupportserviceconsultanciestendto[A]recommendjournalstotheirclients.[B]listcitationpatternstheirclients.[C]askauthorstoincludeextracitations[D]advisecontributorstociteeachother宠辱不惊，看庭前花开花落；去留无意，望天上云卷云舒。——《洪应明》

古之立大事者，不惟有超世之才，亦必有坚忍不拔之志。——苏轼38.TheFunctionofthe“milkcow”journalsisto[A]boostcitationcountsforcertainauthors[B]helpscholarspublisharticlesatlowcost[C]instructFirst-timecontributorsincitation[D]increasethereadershipofnewjournals.39.WhatcanbelearnedaboutScopusFromthelasttwoparagraphs?[A]Itfosterscompetitionamongcitationproviders[B]Ithasthecapabilitytoidentifysuspiciouscitations[C]Ithindersthegrowthof"international"journals[D]Itestablishedtopreventcitationmanipulation40.WhatShouldanauthordotodealwithcitationmanipulators?[A]Takelegalaction[B]Demandanapology.[C]Seekprofessionaladvice[D]RevealtheirmisconductPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Lastyearmarkedthe150thanniversaryofaseriesofYellowstonephotographsbytherenownedlandscapephotographerWilliamHenryJackson.Jacksonsnappedthe1st-evershotsoficoniclandmarkssuchastheTetons,OldFaithfulandtheColoradoRockies.Onalate19th-centuryexpeditionthroughtheYellowstoneBasinthatwasconductedbytheheadoftheU.S.GeologicalandGeographicalSurveyoftheTerritories,FerdinandV.Hayden.Theteamincludedameteorologist,azoologist,amineralogist,andanagriculturalstatistician.[B]Twocenturiesago,theideaofpreservingnature,ratherthanexploitingit,wasanovelonetomanyU.S.settlers.Oneoftheturningpointsinpublicsupportforlandconservationefforts—andrecognizingthemagnificenceoftheYellowstoneregioninparticular—cameintheformofvividphotographs.忍一句，息一怒，饶一着，退一步。——《增广贤文》

穷则独善其身，达则兼善天下。——《孟子》[C]AsaneffectiveWashingtonoperator,Haydensensedthathecouldcapitalizeontheexpedition’sstunningvisuals.HeaskedJacksontoprintoutlargecopiesanddistributedthem,alongwithreproductionsofMoran’spaintings,toeachmemberofCongress.“Thevisualization,particularlythosephotographs,reallyhithomethatthisissomethingthathastobeprotected,”saysMurphy.[D]Throughoutthetrip,Jacksonjuggledmultiplecamerasandplatesizesusingthe“collodionprocess”thatrequiredhimtocoattheplateswithachemicalmixture,thenexposethemanddeveloptheresultingimageswithaportabledarkroom.Thecrudetechniquerequirededucatedguessesonexposuretimes,andinvolvedheavy,awkwardequipment—severalmenhadtoassistinitstransportation.Despitethesechallenges,Jacksoncaptureddozensofstrikingphotos,rangingfrommajesticimageslikehisnow-famoussnapshotofOldFaithful,tocasualportraitsofexpeditionmembersatthecamp.Whileveteransofpreviousexpeditionswroteatlengthaboutstunningtrailsights,thesevividphotographswereanotherthingentirely.[E]ThejourneyofficiallybeganinOgden,UtahonJune8,1871.Overnearlyfourmonths,dozensofmenmadetheirwayonhorsebackintoMontanaandtraversedalongtheYellowstoneRiverandaroundYellowstoneLake.Thatfall,theyconcludedthesurveyinFortBridger,Wyoming.[F]ThoughNativeAmericans(andlaterminersandfurtrappers)hadlongrecognizedthearea’sriches,mostAmericansdidnot.That’swhyHayden’sexpeditionaimedtoproduceafullerunderstandingoftheYellowstoneRiverregion,fromitshotspringsandwaterfallstoitsvarietyoffloraandfauna.Inadditiontotheentourageofscientists,theteamalsoincludedartists:PainterThomasMoranandphotographerWilliamHenryJacksonwerechargedwithcapturingthisastoundingnaturalbeautyandsharingitwiththeworld.[G]ThebillprovedlargelypopularandsailedthroughCongresswithlargemajoritiesinfavor.Inquicksuccession,theSenateandHousepassedlegislationprotectingYellowstoneinearly1872.ThatMarch,PresidentUlyssesS.GrantsignedanactintolawthatestablishedYellowstoneastheworld’sfirstnationalpark.Somelocalsopposedthedesignation,thedecisionwaslargelyaccepted—andJackson’sphotosplayedakeyroleinthefighttoprotectthearea.“Idon’tbelievethatthelegalprotectionwouldhavehappenedinthetimeframethatitdidwithoutthoseimages,”saysHansen,journalistandauthorofProphetsandMoguls,RangersandRogues,BisonordBears:100yearsofthenationalParkService.[H]Perhapsmostimportantly,theseimagesprovideddocumentaryevidenceofthepark’ssightsthatlatermadeitswaytogovernmentofficials.Weeksaftercompletingtheexpedition,Hayden丹青不知老将至，贫贱于我如浮云。——杜甫

吾日三省乎吾身。为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？——《论语》collectedhisteam’sobservationsintoanextensivereportaimedatconvincingsenatorsandrepresentatives,alongwithcolleaguesatgovernmentagenciesliketheDepartmentoftheInterior,thatYellowstoneoughttobepreserved(andthathisdepartmentdeservedadditionalfunds).41.B—A—42.F—E—43.D—H—44.C—45.GPartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)TherehasbeensomeexplorationaroundtheuseofAIindigitalmarketing.Forexample,AIcanbeusedtoanalysewhattypeofadvertisingcontentorcopywouldbeappropriateto'speak'toaspecifictargetcustomergroupbyrevealinginformationabouttrendsandpreferencesthroughtheanalysisofbigdata.46)AIcanalsobeusedtoidentifythelifestylechoicesofcustomersregardingtheirhobbies,favouritecelebrities,andfashionstoprovideuniquecontentinmarketingmessagesputoutthroughsocialmedia.Atthesametime,AIcanalsobeusedtogeneratecontentforsocialmediapostsandchatsites.AIcanalsoprovideabridgebetweentheneedofthebrandtocommunicateemotionallywiththecustomerandidentifyingtheirrapidlychangingneeds.WhileworkingatPWC,NorbertWirthwroteanarticleonAIwhereidentifiedthatmarketersareequallyeagerandhesitantinadoptingAl,becausesynthesizingallthesedifferentfunctionspresentsthemwithnewchallenges.Alcanhelpmarketerstocreateclearmarketingmessagesandchoosethemostattractivemarketingmixforeachtargetsegment.AspecificexamplewouldbetheuseofAIindevelopingthecustomerjourneybyautomatingallthedifferenttouchpoints(whentheorganizationshouldcontactthepotentialcustomer)throughbehaviouralanalyticssothattheyarethemosteffectiveforthatcustomerorcustomergroup.ThemaindisadvantageofusingAItorespondtocustomersisthatthereareconcernsabouttrustingpersonalinteractionstomachines,whichcouldleadnotonlytothesubsequentlossofinterpersonalconnections,butalsotoadecreaseinmarketingpersonnel.47)SomebelievethatAIisnegativelyimpactingonthemarketer’srolebyreducingcreativityandremovingjobs,buttheyareawarethatitisawayofreducingcostsandcreatingnewinformation.ByallowingAltodevelopcontentsomebrandmarketersmayfindthattheyarelosingcontroloverthebrandnarrative.48)Algorithmsthatareusedtosimulatehumaninteractionsarecreatingmanyoftheseconcerns,especiallyasno-oneisquitesurewhattheoutcomesofusingAItointeractwithcustomerswillbe.古之立大事者，不惟有超世之才，亦必有坚忍不拔之志。——苏轼

大丈夫处世，不能立功建业，几与草木同腐乎？——《罗贯中》ForAltobesuccessful,dataneedstobeaccessible