新教材高中英语UNIT5POEMSSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage课件新人教版选择性

UNIT

5

POEMSSection

Ⅱ

Learning

About

Language（定语从句）教材链接repeatedphraseswhichgivebothapatternandarhythmtothepoem.（4）（教材P51）Anothersimpleformofpoemthatamateurscaneasilywriteisthecinquain,whichismadeupoffivelines.（5）（教材P51）HaikuisaJapaneseformofpoetrythatconsistsof17syllables.（6）（教材P51）Thehaikupoem（E）ontherightisatranslationfromJapanese,whichshowsamomentinthelifeofadelicatebutterfly.

观察上面句子,它们中均包含了___________,其中（1）、（3）、（5）中的定语从句为_________定语从句,（6）中的为___________定语从句,（2）和（4）中既有限制性定语从句也有非限制性定语从句。定语从句限制性非限制性要点精析1.定语从句的基本概述（1）定义：在主从复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般跟在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。（2）先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。（3）关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。①关系词有关系代词和关系副词两类。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as;关系副词有when,where,why等。②关系词的作用主要有三点：连接主从句、替代先行词、在定语从句中作成分。2.定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。（1）限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,不用逗号与主句隔开,删除后会影响整个句子的表达。Sheisthenursewholooksafterthechildren.她就是照料这些孩子的保姆。3.关系代词的用法（1）基本用法关系代词指人指物主语宾语表语定语that√√√√√which√√√√who√√√√whom√√whose√√√as√√√√√（2）宜用that,不宜用which的情况①先行词是all、few、little（少）、much、none、nothing、everything、something等不定代词,或被它们修饰时。Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?你有什么要为自己说的吗？HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMrLisaid?你已经把李先生所说的话全部记下来了吗？②先行词是序数词或形容词的最高级或被序数词、形容词的最高级修饰时。Thisisthebestwaythathasbeenusedagainstpollution.这是已经用过的抗污染的最好的办法。ThelastplacethatwevisitedinBeijingwastheGreatWall.我们在北京参观的最后一个地方是长城。③当先行词被theonly,thevery等修饰时。ThisistheverybusthatI’mwaitingfor.这就是我正在等的公交车。ThisistheonlybikethatIcanafford.这是我能买得起的唯一的一辆自行车。④先行词既有人又有物时。IcanrememberwellthepersonandpicturesthatIsawintheroom.我能清楚地记得我在那个房间所见到的人和照片。⑤当主句是以which,who等疑问词开头的疑问句时。Whichisthebikethatyoulost?哪辆是你丢的自行车？⑥主句是therebe句型且关系词在从句中作主语时。Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillavailable.在那个角落还有一个空座位。（3）宜用which不宜用that的情况①在非限制性定语从句中,用which,不用that。ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,whichshowsmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者,这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。②关系代词前有介词时,通常用which,而不用that。ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。（4）as引导的定语从句①as引导限制性定语从句。as既可以指人,也可以指物。在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语。常用在so…as…,such…as…,as…as…,thesame…as…等结构中。Ihavegotintothesametroubleashehas.我惹了和他一样的麻烦。Suchreasonsaswegivecanpersuadehimtogiveupthisfoolishplan.我们给出的这些理由可以说服他放弃这个愚蠢的计划。②as引导非限制性定语从句时,意为“正如;正像”,可放在句首、句末或句中。常用的表达有：asweallknow=asisknowntousall众所周知asisreported/expected正如报道/预料的那样asisoftenthecase情况常常是这样ashasbeensaidbefore正如之前所说4.关系副词的用法状语whenwherewhy时间状语地点状语原因状语OppositeisStPaul’sCathedral,whereyoucanhearsomelovelymusic.对面是圣保罗大教堂,在那里你能听到一些优美的音乐。IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIstayedinTibet.我永远不会忘记待在西藏的日子。Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tattendtheparty.我们不知道他没参加聚会的原因。注意：当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词,如point,stage,case,situation,position等,且关系词在定语从句中作状语时,通常用关系副词where。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。Therearecaseswherethisruleisinapplicable.在一些情况下,这个规则是不适用的。5.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词,且关系词在定语从句中作状语时,用关系副词引导定语从句。有时可用“介词+关系代词”结构替换关系副词。（1）关系代词的选用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,若先行词指人,关系代词常用whom;若先行词指物,关系代词常用which。Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturn.在黑暗的街道上,没有一个她可以求助的人。Scientiststrytoprotecttheislandonwhichrareanimalslive.科学家努力保护那个稀有动物居住的岛。②根据先行词的搭配习惯。Therearevariouswaysinwhichwecansolvethisproblem.我们有很多方法可以解决这个问题。③根据定语从句所表达的意义。Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecan’tliveiscalledoxygen.这种我们离开它就不能生存的无色气体被称为氧气。实战演练Ⅰ.

单句语法填空1.[2020课标全国Ⅰ]Thebestbooksaretheones_______openfurtherastimepasses.that2.[2020课标全国Ⅰ]We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethings_____________weuseeveryday.that/which3.[2020课标全国Ⅰ]ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,________isaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.which4.[2020课标全国Ⅰ]Here’sahandfulofways_____________willsetyouintherightdirection.that/which5.[2020全国新高考Ⅰ]Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,______willeachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart’sfinalflight.who6.[2020课标全国Ⅱ]Iseelibrariesasasafehaven（避风港）forreadersandwriters,abridge_____________helpsputtogetherareaderwithabook.that/which7.[2020课标全国Ⅲ]InancientChinalivedanartist________paintingswerealmostlifelike.whose8.[2020天津]Dr.Rowan,________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.whose9.[2020江苏]Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,_______whichstudentscanchooseforfree.from10.[2020海南]Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchaway________________theirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.that/inwhichⅡ.

完成句子1.我们已经进入一个梦想有机会成真的最佳时代。Wehaveenteredintoanage___________________________________________________.2.夹克的边缘上有一块布,可以在黑暗中发光。Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth___________________________________.thatgivesofflightinthedark3.这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。Thisis__________________________________________________________.oneofthemostinterestingbooksthatIhaveeverread4.很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想,他们中大部分都接受过良好的教育。Manyyoungpeople,_________________________________,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.mostofwhomarewell-educated5.正如报道的那样,吸烟的人数仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。Thenumberofsmokers,_________________,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.asisreported6.桌面上那些封面闪闪发亮的书是我们的奖品。Thebooksonthedesk,___________________________,areprizesforus.whosecoversareshiningwhoaregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths8.我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周,届时天气可能会更好。Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,_________________________________.whentheweathermaybebetter9.一个月后我们将会达到年初所定的销售目标。We’llreachthesalestargetsinamonth_________________________________________________.that/whichwesetatthebeginningoftheyear10.他在当地一所高中上的学,后来考上了北京大学。Hewaseducatedatalocalhighschool,___________________________________________________.afterwhichhewasadmittedtoPekingUniversity基础达标练Ⅰ.

单句语法填空1.Shewasvery______________(sympathy)totheproblemsofadultstudents.sympathetic2.Thenewevidencewillprovetheir____________(innocent).innocencecorrespondence4.Thefirmhasachieveda___________(dominate)positionintheworldmarket.dominant5.Poetrywritten_______theperspectiveoftheurbanyouthtendstorevealtheiranxietyoveralackofsenseofbelonging.from6.Ihavethegreatest_____________(admire)forallthoseinvolvedintheproject.admiration7.Healsofoundsomelistofgamefanslookingforvarious___________(version)ofthegame.versions8.Forecasterssaythestormsmaynotbeasbadasthey____________(initial)predicted.initially9.Manyforeigntouristsfallinlove_______Chinathefirsttimetheypayavisittothisgreatcountry.with10.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlessonwhatcouldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropsthey___________(sow).hadsownⅡ.

句型转换将下列句子合并为含有定语从句的主从复合句。1.Ilivenextdoortoacouple.Theirchildrenoftenmakealotofnoise._________________________________________________________________________Ilivenextdoortoacouplewhosechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.2.Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears.Noneofthemhasbeenproved.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneofwhichhasbeenproved.3.Whenyoustartyourjourneywithpositivethinking,youwouldmeetwonderfulpeople.Youcansharepositiveattitudeswiththem.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whenyoustartyourjourneywithpositivethinking,youwouldmeetwonderfulpeople,withwhomyoucansharepositiveattitudes.4.Theprofessoralwaysspendsthewholedayinthebookshop.Hefoundanewdictionarythereyesterday._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Theprofessoralwaysspendsthewholedayinthebookshopwhere/inwhichhefoundanewdictionaryyesterday.5.Wehavetoplanttreesasmanyaspossible.Thereasonisthattheycansupplyfreshairtous.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thereasonwhy/forwhichwehavetoplanttreesasmanyaspossibleisthattheycansupplyfreshairtous.6.Itisatrulydelightfulplace.Itlooksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Itisatrulydelightfulplace,whichlooksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.8.TheAdulthoodCeremonywasheldintheschoollecturehall.Itcanseatapproximately500students.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheAdulthoodCeremonywasheldintheschoollecturehallthat/whichcanseatapproximately500students.Ⅲ.

完成句子1.出于对那些孩子的怜悯,我打算把一个月的薪水捐给这个孤儿院。（outofsympathy）___________________________________,Iintendtodonateamonth’ssalarytotheorphanage.Outofsympathyforthechildren2.我们应该努力做到言行一致,因为只有这样我们才能赢得别人的信任。（correspondwith/to）Weshouldstriveto________________________________________________becauseonlyinthiswaycanwewinthetrustofothers.makeouractionscorrespondwith/toourwords3.在我看来,取得很大进步的学生也应该得到奖励。（perspective）______________________,studentswhomakegreatprogressshouldalsoberewarded.Frommyperspective4.梵高对现代绘画的发展有着重大影响。（haveaninfluenceon）VanGogh___________________________thedevelopmentofmodernpainting.hadamajorinfluenceon5.他不确定此人是否是无罪的。（beinnocentof）Hewasn’tsure____________________________________________.whetherthemanwasinnocentofanycrime素养综合练Ⅰ.

阅读理解ofthePeople’sRepublicofChinawantschildrentospendmoretimelearninghowtowrite.InoneBeijingprimaryschoolwevisited,studentspracticecalligraphyeverydayinsideaspeciallydecoratedclassroomwithtraditionalChinesepaintingshangingonthewalls.Softmusicplaysasagroupofsix-year-oldsdipbrushpensintoblackink.Theylookupattheblackboardoftentostudytheirteacher’sexamplesbeforecarefullyattemptingtoreproducethosecharactersonthinricepaper.“Ifadultscansurvivewithoutusinghandwriting,whybothertoteachitnow?”weaskthecalligraphyteacher,ShenBin.“TheabilitytowritecharactersispartofChinesetraditionandculture,”shereasons.“Studentsmustlearnnowsotheydon’tforgetwhentheygrowup,”saystheteacher.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“CharacterHero”?(

)A.Itdrewgreatpublicattentionacrossthecountry.B.Itwasopentopeopleofallagesandallwalks.C.Itwasthemost-viewedTVprograminChina.D.ItaimedtospreadChineseculturetotheworld.A2.WhyareChinesepeopleforgettinghowtowritethecharacters?(

)A.Chinesepeopledon’trefertodictionariesveryoften.B.Chinesepeoplenolongerusebrushpensorpracticecalligraphy.C.ChinesepeopleareusingtheLatinalphabetinsteadofthecharacters.D.Chinesepeopleneedn’twritebyhandasoftenwiththehelpoftechnology.D[解析]【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段…Chinesepeopleareforgettinghowtowrite…usingtheLatinalphabet.可知,智能手机和电脑上的软件允许用户使用拉丁字母输入汉字的基本发音。所以在科技的帮助下,中国人不需要经常用手写字导致了中国人正在逐渐忘记如何书写汉字。故选D。3.AccordingtoShenBin,beingabletowritecharactersbyhandis____.A.anabilitytobedevelopedonlywhenyouarestudentsB.arequirementmadebytheMinistryofEducationC.necessaryforadultstosurviveinChinaD.helpfultokeepChinesetraditionandculturealiveD[解析]【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据短文最后一段中TheabilitytowritecharactersispartofChinesetraditionandculture…可知,汉字书写能力是中国传统文化的一部分。所以可以推断出能够手写汉字有助于保持中国传统文化的活力。故选D。B[解析]【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】本文由《中国汉字听写大会》引入,介绍了汉字书写的现状及重要性。由此可推知本文是一篇新闻报道,所以文章可能来自报纸。故选B。[解析][语篇解读]本文由《中国汉字听写大会》引入,介绍了汉字书写的现状及重要性。Ⅱ.

语法填空[2021安徽黄山第一学期高二期末质量检测]AFriendshipisanimportantthemeinallkindsofart._1____________straightforwardorimplicit（含蓄的）,itshowsupinpoetryfromaroundtheworld.Theseven-characterpoemToWangLun,_2____________（write）byTangpoetLiBai（701-762）,isagoodexampleofpoetrythat_3____________（carry）thistheme.Itdescribesasceneinwhichthepoet’sfriendWangLun,hurriedtoseehimoff,_4___________（show）truefriendship.WhetherwrittencarriesshowingWhilethepoemstartswithordinaryimages,itendswithpassionateandsincereemotions.Liusedsimile（比喻）tostatethat_5__________deepthewatermightbe,itstillpaledinfrontoftheirdeepfriendship.Thepoetaims_6__________（avoid）praisingthefriendshipdirectly,_7_______wouldbemuchlesspoetic.Thefirsttwolinesgiveusbackgroundinformation.Liwason_8_________boatabouttotravel._9________________（sudden）,heheardsomeonesingingontheshore.Thestartinglinesaresoplainandsimplethattheyalmostreadlikeprose（散文）.howevertoavoidwhichaSuddenlyTheyevencontainnames,somethingrarely_10____________（see）intraditionalChinesepoetry.ItshowsLi’scharacter-heisfreeandwild.seen1.__________Whether[解析]考查连词。根据句意可知,此处为whether…or…“不管……还是……”引导的让步状语从句的省略形式,注意首字母要大写,故填Whether。2.__________written[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析可知,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,逻辑主语poem与write为被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。故填written。3.__________carries[解析]考查时态。分析可知,设空处为定语从句的谓语动词,that为关系代词,指代先行词example,结合is,所以此处用一般现在时。故填carries。4.__________showing[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析可知,此处应用非谓语动词作状语,show与句子主语It为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词形式。故填showing。5.__________however[解析]考查让步状语从句。句式however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语,意为“无论……”,however引导让步状语从句。6.___________toavoid[解析]考查非谓语动词。aimtodosth.意为“旨在做某事”。故填toavoid。7.________which[解析]考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰前面的内容,从句缺少主语,所以用关系代词which。8.____a[解析]考查冠词。boat为可数名词单数,此处表泛指,应用不定冠词,且boat的发音是辅音音素开头,应用冠词a。9.___________Suddenly[解析]考查副词。修饰整个句子要用副词,注意首字母大写。故填Suddenly。10._______seen[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析可知,设空处为修饰something的后置定语,逻辑主语something与see为被动关系,所以要用过去分词形式。故填seen。[解析][语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。本文是一篇诗歌鉴赏,主要介绍了李白的著名诗篇《赠汪伦》,诗中描述了朋友汪伦为诗人送行的一个场景,表现出真正的友谊。[2021江苏常州“教学研究合作联盟”高二上期中]BShijing,alsoTheBookofSongs,isthe_1______________(early)collectionofChinesepoetry.Itconsistsof305poems_2______________(date)fromtheearlyyearsoftheWesternZhouDynastytothemiddlestageoftheSpringandAutumnPeri