高中英语状语从句讲解含答案解析

状语从句讲解和练习

状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如：

1.

Naturally,ourgrandparentswerepleasedtogetourphonecall.(副词)

2.

Weworkedhard,fromsunrisetosunset.(介词状短语)

3.

Tohelpmydisabledaunt,Ispendanhourworkinginherhouseeveryday.(不定式)

4.

Seenfromadistance,thefarmhouselookeddeserted.(过去分词)

5.

IknowhowtolightacampfirebecauseIhaddoneitbefore.（原因状语从句）

状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词

和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:

1．时间状语从句

常用引导词：when,as,while,assoonas,while,before,after,since,till,until

特殊引导词：theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theday，theinstant,immediately,directly,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when

Ididn’trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.

WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.

Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果园)themomenttheysawtheguard.

NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.

EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.

2．地点状语从句

常用引导词：where

特殊引导词：wherever,anywhere,everywhere

Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.

Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.

3．原因状语从句

常用引导词：because,since,as,since

特殊引导词：seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat,consideringthat,

MyfriendsdislikemebecauseI’mhandsomeandsuccessful.

Nowthateverybodyhascome,let’sbeginourconference.

Thehigherincometaxisharmfulinthatitmaydiscouragepeoplefromtryingtoearnmore.

Consideringthatheisnomorethan12yearsold,hisheightof1.80misquiteremarkable.

4．目的状语从句

常用引导词：sothat,inorderthat

特殊引导词：lest,incase,forfearthat，inthehopethat,forthepurposethat,totheendthat

Thebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.

Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.

5．结果状语从句

常用引导词：so…that,so…that,such…that,

特殊引导词：suchthat,tothedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethat,

Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.

It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.

Tosuchandegreewasheexcitedthathecouldn’tsleeplastnight.

6．条件状语从句

常用引导词：if,unless,

特殊引导词：as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposethat,incasethat,onconditionthat

We’llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.

Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.

Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.

7．让步状语从句

常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough

特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，nomatter…，inspiteofthefactthat,while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever

MuchasIrespecthim,Ican’tagreetohisproposal.

尽管我很尊敬他，我却不同意他的建议。

Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.

Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.

Hewon’tlistenwhateveryoumaysay.

8．比较状语从句

常用引导词：as(同级比较),than(不同程度的比较)

特殊引导词：themore…themore…;justas…，so…;AistoBwhat/asXistoY;no…morethan;notAsomuchasB

Sheisasbad-temperedashermother.

Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.

Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.

Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。

9．方式状语从句

常用引导词：as,asif,how

特殊引导词：theway

WheninRome,doastheRomando.

Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.

Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.10.

状语从句的简化

♠状语从句的省略

状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：

When(themuseumis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.

He’llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.

另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：

I’mtallerthanhe(istall).

Thehigherthetemperature(is),thegreaterthepressure(is).

就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行"简化"。状语从句的"简化"现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。

状语从句的"简化"现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:①由if,unless等引导的条件状语从句;②由although,though,evenif/though等引导的让步状语从句;③由when,while,as,before,after,until/till等引导的时间状语从句;④由as,asif等引导的方式状语从句;⑤由as,than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。

(1)当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。例如:

If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。

Youmustattendthemeetingunless(itis)inconvenienttoyou.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。

(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:

a.连词+形容词

As(hewas)young,helearnedhowtorideabike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。

Whenever(sheis)free,sheoftengoesshopping.她有空就去逛商店。

Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。

b.连词+名词

While(hewas)ayoungboy,hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。

Although(hewas)afarmer,nowheisafamousdirector.尽管他曾是个农民,而现在是位著名的导演了。

c.连词+现在分词

As(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。

Although(heis)doinghisbestinmathsthesedays,hehasstillgotnogoodmarks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。

d.连词+过去分词

Hewon'tgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。

Theconcertwasagreatsuccessthan(itwas)expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。

e.连词+不定式

Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosaysomething.当时他站起来好像要说什么。Hewouldn'tsolvetheproblemevenif(hewere)totakecharge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。f.连词+介词短语

Shelookedanxiousasthough(shewas)introuble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。

HehadmasteredtheEnglishlanguagebefore(hewas)intheUSA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。

注意:当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如:

Whenthemeetingwasover,allthepeoplewentoutofthemeeting-room.当会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。(=Themeetingover,

巩固练习

1.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen______hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.

A.which

B.when

C.sothat

D.asif

2.Iwouldappreciateit________youcallbackthisafternoonforthedoctor’sappointment.

A.until

B.if

C.when

D.that

3.AsfarasIamconcerned，educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn，________.

A.themoreforlifeareyouequipped

B.themoreequippedforlifeyouare

C.themorelifeyouareequippedfor

D.youareequippedthemoreforlife

4.Afterthewar，anewschoolbuildingwasputup________therehadoncebeenatheatre.

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.when

5.—IsMr.Smithintheoffice?

—Yes，________heisinchargeoftheoffice，hemustbethere.

A.since

B.however

C.whether

D.for

6.Asyourgoodfriend,Iwilldo________helpyou.

A.thatIcanto

B.whatIcanto

C.allthatIcan

D.whatIcan

7.Johnmayphonetonight.Idon’twanttogoout________hephones.

A.aslongas

B.inorderto

C.incase

D.sothat

8.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight，buttheyhungup________Icouldanswerthephone.

A.as

B.since

C.until

D.before

9.—Don’tlookdownuponBob.Hehashisownadvantages.

—Oh,yes.________othersareweak,heisstrong.

A.If

B.When

C.Where

D.Though

10.Itistenyears________hesmoked.

A.that

B.when

C.since

D.while

11.Wemusthurryup________catchupwiththelasttrain.

A.that

B.sothatto

C.inorderthat

D.inorderto

12.Nomatter________harditmaybe，Iwillcarryitout.

A.what

B.whatever

C.how

D.however

13.________youmaydo，youmustdoitwell.

A.Which

B.Whenever

C.Whatever

D.When

14.—AreyouthinkingaboutgoingtoNewYorkfortheholiday?

—No.ButifI________thetime，Iwoulddefinitelygo.

A.have

B.had

C.havehad

D.wouldhave

15.________youaresoweak，you’dbetterstayathome.

A.Since

B.For

C.Because

D.Though

16.EnglishandFrencharetaughthere.Youcanchoose________youlike.

A.nomatterwhich

B.whichever

C.which

D.whatever

17.IsawMr.SmithlastSunday.Wehadnotseeneachother________IleftLondon.

A.as

B.before

C.since

D.till

18.I’llbebackbeforeyou________.

A.willleave

B.willhaveleft

C.leave

D.wouldleave

19.Theproblemwon’tbesettleduntilwe________achancetodiscussitthoroughly.

A.havehad

B.willhave

C.willhavehad

D.wouldhave

20.Ifyou________thisexperiment，youwillunderstandthetheorybetter.

A.willbedoing

B.havedone

C.willhavedone

D.woulddo

21.Theywentonworking________itwaslateatnight.

A.evenif

B.asif

C.however

D.asthough

22.Ihurried________Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.

A.since

B.sothat

C.asif

D.unless

23.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit________.

A.willrain

B.rains

C.rained

D.israining

24.________youtalktosomeoneorwriteamessage，youshowyourskillstoothers.

A.Attimes

B.Sometime

C.Bythetime

D.Everytime

25.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter，________.

A.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyread

B.buthisworksarenotwidelyread

C.hisworksarenotwidelyread

D.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread

26.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe________.

A.willarrive

B.isgoingtoarrive

C.arrives

D.isarriving

27.Weshouldfinishtheimportantjob，________.

A.longittakeshowever

B.ittakeshoweverlong

C.longhoweverittakes

D.howeverlongittakes

28.________hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.

A.That

B.Why

C.What

D.How

29.________comestothepartywillreceiveagift.

A.Which

B.Who

C.Whichone

D.Whoever

30.Sheiswillingtohelpyou,________busysheis.

A.what

B.how

C.however

D.whatever

31.Idon’tcarewhetherhestays________goes.

A.nor

B.then

C.or

D.otherwise

32.Nomatter________harditmaybe，I’llcarryitout.

A.what

B.whatever

C.how

D.however

33.Whydoyouwanttofindanewjob________you’vegotsuchagoodonealready?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.when

34.________heis,hewillbethinkingofyou.

A.Wherever

B.Where

C.Nowthat

D.Assoonas

35.Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings________youcanfindthemagain.

A.when

B.where

C.then

D.there

36.Hegotexcitedatthenews，________Iwascalm.

A.when

B.while

C.because

D.after

37.—ShallBrowncomeandplaycomputergames?

—No，________hehasfinishedhishomework.

A.when

B.if

C.unless

D.once

38.________youtry，youwillneversucceed.

A.If

B.Until

C.Since

D.Unless

39.HardlyhadhearrivedinHongkong________sherangmeup.

A.when

B.than

C.that

D.and

40.________theyheardtheshoutforhelp，theyrushedout.

A.Immediately

B.Themoment

C.Thewhile

D.Alltheabove

41.________，heneverseemsabletodotheworkbeautifully.

A.Tryashedoes

B.ashetries

C.Tryasdoeshe

D.Ashedoestry

42.—Theairisfullofsmokeandpeoplearecoughing.

—Itwillgetworse________thegovernmentdoessomethingaboutthepollution.

A.but

B.unless

C.except

D.if

43.If________，Iwouldhavegonewithhim.

A.hadhetoldme

B.hehadtoldme

C.hehastoldme

D.hewouldtellme

44.—AliceismovingtohernewapartmentnextSaturday.

—I’llbegladtohelpher，________needsomehelp.

A.shouldshe

B.ifshewill

C.ifshe

D.ifshemight

45.Icame________Iheardthenews.

A.until

B.assoonas

C.immediately

D.BandC

46.Whatwehaveseen________.

A.fromwhatweheard

B.allwhatweheard

C.towhatwehaveheard

D.fromwhatwehaveheard

47.Wewillnevergivein________theymightdoorsayaboutourplan.

A.nomatterhow

B.how

C.whatever

D.although

48.IfyougotoXi’an，youwillfindtheplacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly________.

A.supposing

B.supposed

C.tosuppose

D.suppose

49.________hecomes，wewouldnotbeabletogo.

A.Without

B.Unless

C.Except

D.Even

50.It’snowonderyou’vegotaheadache________youdranksomuchlastnight.

A.though

B.incase

C.when

D.while

51.IwonderifI________time.IfI________time，I’llgowithyou.

A.have；have

B.willhave；willhave

C.have；willhave

D.willhave；have

52.Bythetimeyou_______back，thesupper________ready.

A.willget；willbe

B.get；was

C.get；will