高中英语语法it用法

It用法

人称代词

1.指代前文提到的事物/件、情况、地方

2.代替整个句子或谓语部分所表达的情况/意思

3.指代身份不明的人、性别不明的婴孩

4.指代无生命物、动物、植物

5.代替指示代词this/that或某些复合不定代词

6.指明某人/某物的身份

7.表示未知事物YouhelpedmealotwhenIwasintrouble.Ishallneverforgetit.Sheisverystubbornthoughshedoesn’tlookit.Sheisnearlyfifty,butshedoesn’tlookit.-Whoissinging?-ItmustbeMary.-Whenshallwemeetagain?-Makeitanydayyoulike;it’sallthesametome.-What’sthat/this?-Itisabook./Maybeit’saUFO.-Whoisit?-It’sme.Isitaboyoragirl?Hereismydog.IcallitTommy.Idroppedmycoffeecupanditbroke.

Itishardwork,butIenjoyit.Thereisaknockonthedoor.Itmustbethepostman.Nothingiswrong,isit?Ithoughtittobeher.

Itwasthoughttobeshe.

It’sIwhodidit.Heboughtanewhouselastyearandhehasmovedintoit.

It’sacold-bloodedcreature.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother.Doesitmatterwhichitwas?-What’sthis?-It’saflag.-Whosebookisthat?-It’shers.-Whoisknockingatthedoor?-It’sme.-Whoismakingsuchanoise?-Itmustbethechildren.-Whereismypen?-Itwasonthedeskaminuteago.-Youleftitonthetelephone.Lookatthebird.Italwayscomesonmywindow.Youhavehelpedmealot.Ishallneverforgetit.Itriedmybesttopersuadehim,butitdidn’thelp.Thebabyiscrying.Itmightbehungry.

IthasapopulationoftwomillionpeopleandislocatedintheeastofShanghai.Heissixty-six,buthedoesn’tlookit.-Whosaidso?-Oh,somebodyorother.Ican’trememberwhoit

was.II.非人称代词常用作主语，可表示天气、时间(时刻/日期/星期/年月/季节)、环境、自然现象、温度、距离、价值、度量衡、

Itwasveryquietatthemoment.-Whattimeisit?-Itiseighto’clock.

Itoftenrainsinsummer.

Itisalongwaytothefactory.

Itisfivekilometersfromtheofficetomyhome.

Itwasonlyashortride.

Itwasalreadyoneinthemorningandtherainfellagainstthewindow.

Itisveryquiethereatnight.-What’sthecostofthebike?-It’s300yuan.

Itiswinternow.Itistoowindyinthenorth.

Itistoolate.Ihavetobeoffnow.

Itrainedalldayyesterday.

Itcanbeveryhothere.

It’stoolatetogotherenow.Prettyhotandwetinthesummer,butitcanbequitecoldinwinter.Ididn’trealizeitwasgoingtobethisfar.III.先行代词

1.作形式主语

Itbe+adj.+主语从句.

Itbe+p.p.+主语从句.

Itbe+n.+主语从句.

It+vi+主语从句.

Itis+adj.+for/ofsbtodosth.

Itisnouse/gooddoingsth.

Itiseasy/fun/interesting/hard/difficultdoingsth.

Itisagoodthing/goodnewsthat…Ithappenedthat…

Itturnedoutthat…

Ittakessbsometimetodosth.

Itisuptosbtodosth.

Itisawasteof…doingsth.

Itisanuisancedoingsth.

Itishardworkdoingsth.

Itisgreatfun/uneless/senseless/hard/easy/difficultdangerous/worthwhiletodosth/doingsth.

Itmustbepointedoutthat…

Itshouldbenotedthat…

Ithasbeenprovedthat…

Ithasworkedoutthat…

Itstrikesmemostthat…

Ittookmeanhourtowritetheletter.

Itisuptoyoutomakethechoice.

IthappenedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled.

Itisnoteasytofinishtheworkintwodays.

Itisnotagoodhabittostayuplate.

Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.

Itisapitythatyoudidn’treadthisbook.

2.作形式宾语

V+形式宾语it+宾补+todosth/doingsth/从句…makeitclearthat宾从…keep/bearitinmindthat宾从…takeitforgrantedthat宾从…seetoitthat宾从…Sblove/like/hate/dislike/appreciate/prefer/enjoyit

+从句…sblike/take/putitthat…sthhaveitthat…bringitouttosbthat宾从…seeto/lookto/relyon/insiston/stickto/dependon/answerforitthat…oweittosbthat…bringittosb’sattentionthat…keep/bearitinmindthat…-Idon’tknowwhetherIshouldgoabroadornot,Mum.-Ileaveittoyourownjudgementwhetheryoushoulddoit.

英语中能直接带that引导的宾从的介词很少：

except/but/in/besidesthat…IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromGuangdongProvince.IcouldnothavebelieveditbutthatIsawitwithmyowneyes.Liquidsarelikesolidsin

thattheybothhavedefinitevolume.

BesidesthatheisfromGuangdong,Ialsoknowthatheisafamousartist.例题1.（2008江西34）AnimalssufferedatthehandsofMan____theyweredestroedbypeolpletomakewayforagriculturelandtoprovidefoodformorepeople.A.inwhichB.forwhichC.sothatD.inthat例题2.Iknownothingabouttheaccidentexcept____Ireadinthenewspaper.A.thatB.forC./D.whatIthinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.Wethinkitnousecomplaining.WealltakeitthatTomwillwinthegame.Itakeit(that)hewillcomeontime.Youcanputitthatitwasarrangedbefore.Rumorhasitthattheministerwillresignsoon.Idislikeitwhenyouwhisle.Wereallyappreciateitwhensheofferedtohelp.I’dpreferitifIdidn’thavetosomuchwork.Seetoitthatyouarenotlateagain.Looktoitthatthisdoesn’thappenagain.Youmayrelyonitthathewillcometomeetyou.Ican’tanswerforitthathewillcomeontime.IoweittoyouthatIamstillalive.Itookitforgrantedthathewouldhelpus.Ithinkitnousearguingwithhim.IfounditveryinterestingtolearnEnglish.Hemadeitclearthathewasnotinterestedinthissubject.Youcandependonitthathewillcometohelpyouontime.Pleaseseetoitthatallthelightsareturnedoff.

Manypeopleusedtotakeitforgrantedthattheearthwasflat.

IhavemadeitclearthatIhatestudentssleepinginclass.IhavebroughtitouttoyouthatIhatestudentssleepinginclass.Ihavebroughtittoyourattentionthatstudentscan’tsleepinclass.Youshouldkeep/bearitinmindthatenoughpracticeiscrucialinlearningEnglish.Heinsistedon/stucktoitthathewasright.

IthinkitbestthatyoushouldtryyourbesttoimproveyourEnglish.Heusedtofeelitaterriblethingthathehadtodosomuchhomeworkeveryday.

Ilikeitthatyoucame.Itakeitthatyouwillcomeontime.Youcanputitthatitwasarrangedbeforehand.RumorhasitthatthePrimeMinisterwillsoonresign.Legendhasitthattheemperorwasburiedhere.Theykeptitquietthathewasdead.Hedoesn’twantittobeknownthathecheatedintheexam.Ihavehearditsaidthathecheatedinalltheexams.Wereallyappreciateitwhenyouofferedtohelp.I’dpreferitifyoudon’ttellittoothers.IV.用于固定/常用句型、固定短语、独立句、习惯用法中

1.强调句型中

It+be的某种形式+被强调的部分+that/who/whom+其他成分.

注意：除谓语动词和表语以外，其他成分都可以被强调。

Tomsavedyourlifeyesterday.

ItwasTomthat/whosavedyourlifeyesterday.WasitTomthatsavedyourlifeyesterday?Whowasitthatsavedyourlifeyesterday?

ItwasyesterdaythatTomsavedyourlife.WasityesterdaythatTomsavedyourlife?WhenwasitthatTomsavedyourlife?

ItwasnotyesterdaythatTomsavedyourlife.

ItwastomorrowthathewillgotoBeijing.

Itwasin1949thatthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.Wasitin1949thatthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded?WhenwasitthatthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded?

Itwasnotuntilmidnightthathewenttobedlastnight.

ItwasonlywhenhegrewupthatTombegantorealisethatheshouldhavestudiedhard.-Tomwasoncenearlyknockeddownbyatruck.-Whenwasthat？

-Itwasin1988whenhewasstillatmiddleschool.

ItwasyourlifethatTomsavedyesterday.Wasitthemthat/whomourteacherregardasthebrightestones?

Itwasinthisroomthattheownerwaskilled.Wasitinthisroomthattheownerwaskilled?Wherewasitthattheownerwaskilled？

ItwaswhereIleftthemthatIfoundmykeys.

Itwasinthiswaythatheworkedoutthismathsproblem.

Itwasthewaythat/inwhichhesaiditratherthan

whathesaiditthatmademeveryangry.

Itwasnotwhathesaidbutthewayhesaiditthatmademeveryangry.

Itwasthewaythathesaiditthatmademeveryangryratherthanwhathesaid.

ItisyounotIthat/whoarewrong.

ItisInotyouthat/whoamwrong.

ItisnotyoubutIthat/whoamwrong.

ItisnotIbutyouthat/whoarewrong.-Howwasitthathemanagedtogetthenews?-Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.Howwasitthathegotlostinsuchasmallplace?Idon’tknowhowitwasthatherescuedtheboy.Ihavenoideahowitwasthatherescuedtheboy.-Howwasitthathewaslateforschoolthismorning?-Hedidn’tfeelwellthismorning.

试比较：

Howdiditcomeaboutthat…?…是…发/产生的？…怎么…?Howdiditcomeaboutthathewashurtsoseriously?Howdiditcomeaboutthathewonthefirstprizeagain?Whywasitthatyoulookedsounhappy?

Itwaswhathesaidthatdisappointedme.

Itwasourbeinglatethatcausedhertoservethedinneranhourlaterthanusual.Idon’tknowwhatitisthatmakesherafraidofdogs.

Itisthepeople,notthingsthataredecisive.

Itmusthavebeenhisbrotherthat/whomyousawyesterday.Idon’tknowwhyitis(that)theydon’tlikeme.

考点：What/How/Whyis/wasitthat…?

Itis…thatmatters/counts.

Itisnot…but/ratherthan…thatmatters/counts.

Itis…thatmatters/countsratherthan….

Howwasitthatthelittlegirlmanagedtogetallthemillionaire’smoney?

Whyisitthatyoucansolvecomplexmathematicalproblems,butyoucan’tsolvesimplemechanicalproblems?

WhatwasitthatmadeMarysoupset?

Itwasnotwhathesaidbutthewaythat/inwhich

hesaiditthatmademeveryangry.强调句中的省略：

IthinkitwasTom(that/who)saidit.Wasitintheearly1990s(that)thishappened?

Itwasthen(that)Iheardhersteps.Whatwasit(that)youwantmetodo?英语中如果要强调谓语动词一般在动词原形之前加do/does/did：

Ididenjoymyselflastnight.

Dobeaman!Tomdoesworkveryhard.2.常用/固定句型中

Itbehigh/abouttimethatsbdidsth.

Itbenowonder/surprisethat…

Itseem/look/appear/happen/turnoutthat…/asif/though…

Itis/hasbeen…since…

Itwas…before…

Itis/willbe/wasthefirsttimethat…

Itwillbe/won’tbe…before…

Itistimeforsth./todosth./forsbtodosth.Ifitwerenotfor…Ifithadnotbeenfor…(Itis)Nowonder/surprisethat…

Itseemedasif/thoughhedidn’trecognizeme.

Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.

3.固定短语中，it本身有时没有实际含义

Gotit.Goit,we’llbackyouup.Atlastwemadeit.No,thanks.Icanmanageitmyself.Don’tmakeahabitofit.Thebusleft.Wehadtofootithome.Theytubedittothedowntown.Shewantedtobraveitout.Theyhadahardtimeofit.

Itiswellwithhim.

Itisalloverwithit.Let’smakeagoatit.Wemuststickitout.Hedecidedtogoitalone.Oh,hangitall!Iforgottobringbackmykeys.makeit/manageit

4.习惯用法/搭配中

Whenitcomesto…

Itsuddenlycametosbthat…

Itsuddenlystrucksbthat…

Itsuddenlyhitsbthat…

Itcametoone’smindthat…

Itoccurredtosbthat…

Itcameacrossone’smindthat…

Itremainstobeseenwhether…

Itcrossedone’smindthat…Whenitcomestotravelling,wherehaveyoubeeninChina?

5.独立句中

Takeiteasy.You’reinforit.Giveitatry.That’sit.

Itismytreat.Coolit.Chanceit.V.例句分析

ItisonlywhenthediseasehasprogressedtoAIDSthatapersonbeginstolooksick.Ihaveit.Letthesheepcrossthebridgefirst.Therebeingnobuses,wehadtofootit.Abirdlandedonmywindow.Itsanganddanced.Someoneisringing.Whomightitbe?ProfessorLigaveusalectueyesterday.Itwasofgreatinterest.YangLiweiwasthefirstChinesetobesentupintospace.ItmadetheChineseveryproud.Whattimeisitnowbyyourwatch?TomisanhonestboyandIknowit.

It’searlyspringanditisalreadyveryhot.Isitgoingtobewindytomorrow?

It’sabout15minutes’walkfromheretothepark.

ItwasrainingveryhardwhenIarrivedhome.Howfarisitfromyourcompanytowhereyoulive?-Whoistheredownstairs?–It’sthepostman.-Whoistheretalking?–It’syourfather.-What’sthatonthedesk?–Itmightbearobot.Thisisyourplan,isn’tit?That’snottrue,isn’tit?

Itisveryniceofyoutohelpmeout.

Itisveryimportantforustomastertheskillsofcomputer.

Itisnogoodnotlisteningtoyourteacherattentivelyinclass.

Itisgreatfunclimbingmountainsonrainydays.

Itisafactthatthepopulatuonisstillincreasing.

Itisclearthatyouhavemadeamistake.

Itisbelievedthatwalkingisgoodforourhealth.

Itturnedoutthathewasthethief.

Itis/hasbeenyearssincewepartedintheWestPoint.

Itwasalongtimebeforepeoplebegantobelievehistheory.

Itwon’tbelongbeforeyouregretforwhatyouaredoingnow.Ifindithardtolearnhowtodance.Imadeitaruletokeepadiary.Ibelieveitnouseradingwithoutunderstanding.IlikeitwhenIlivedinthepeacefulcountry.

Itwasnotuntilquiterecentlythattheyknewthesecretabouttheirfailure.VI.高考真题(2016江西25)Whydon’tyoubring____tohisattentionthatyou’retooilltoworkon?A.that B.it C.this D.him2.(2016山东24)Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind_____difficulttotellonefromtheother.A.it

B.them

C.her

D.that3.Itwas____hecamebackfromAfricathatyear____hemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.(2017

江西)A.when;thenB.not;untilC.notuntil;thatD.only;when4.（2015北京34）Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincrease

.A.thenB.thoseC.itD.that5.（2016安徽22）Surprisingly,Susan’sbeautifulhairreachedbelowherkneesandmade______almostanovercoatforher.A.themB.herC.itselfD.herself6.(2017重庆27)—Sillyme!Iforgetwhatmyluggagelookslike.—Whatdoyouthinkof

overthere?A.theoneB.thisC.itD.that7.（2015福建21）Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays.Youcanchoose____basedonyourowninterests.A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it

8.（2017全国II14）Thedoctorthought____wouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it9.（2016陕西卷12）ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXi’anishigherthan____inanyotherareaofthecity.A.thatB.thisC.itD.one

10.(2017天津1)Wefeel

ourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.A.itB.thisC.thatD.one11.（2016辽宁卷33)Thefactthatshewasforeignmade_____difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.A.soB.muchC.thatD.it12.（2017山东卷32)Helpingothersisahabit,_______youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.A.itB.thatC.whatD.one13.–Ihavereadanotherbookthisweek.-Well,maybe____isnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.(2016浙江)A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it14.（2016安徽卷27)Itwasfromonlyafewsuppliesthatshehadboughtinthevillage____thehostesscookedsuchanicedinner.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which15.(2017安徽33）Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeout____itisheistryingtoexpress.A.thatB.howC.whoD.what16.(2015重庆32)—HaveyouseenthefilmUndertheHawthornTree?-Ofcourse,Ihave.Itwasinourvillage____itwasmade.A.thatB.whereC.whenD.whichVII.模拟试题-Icantakeyouhome.Wouldyoulikearide?-Yes,I’ll____verymuch.Couldyoustopatthedrugstoreontheway?Ineedtobuysomeaspirin.A.thankyouB.appreciateyouC.appreciateitD.enjoyit2.Manypeoplemake____aruletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforeChristmas.A.themselvesB.itC.thatD.this3.IntheUnitedStates,bustraveldoesn’tcostmuchastraintravel,____?A.don’ttheyB.doesitC.dotheyD.doesn’tit4.Has____beendecidedwhenwearetoholdthesportsmeeting?A.thatB.thisC.itD.what5.Nothingiswrongwiththeradio,____?A.isn’titB.isthatC.isitD.isn’tthat6.Idon’tknow____makesherafraidofhavingherbusinessdiscussed.A.whatitisaboutMarythatB.thatitisaboutMarythatC.whatisitaboutMaryD.thatisaboutMarythat7.Idon’tthink____difficultforaChinesestudenttomasteraforeignlanguagewithinfiveyears.A.thatB.itC.themD.this8.Itwasnotuntil1936____basketballbecamearegularpartoftheOlympicGames.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.then9.____youmettheEnglishman?A.WhereitwasthatB.WherewasitthatC.WhoitwasthatD.Wherewasthat10.Itisimportantthatshe____withthebossimmediately.A.speakB.spokeC.willspeakD.tospeak11.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which12.Ihate____whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them13.Itwasagreatjoy____hereceivedthenewsthathislonglostsonwouldreturnhome.A.asB.thatC.soD.for14.____thathemanagedtogettheinformation?-Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.WherewasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit15.____wasnotuntilyesterdaythatherealisedthathewaswrong.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.He16.Theyoungladyatthecornerwasholdingababyinherarmsand____wascryingforsomemoremilk.A.itB.oneC.sheD.who17.MrsGreenkepttellingherdaughternottosurftheInternettoofrequently,but____didn’thelp.A.sheB.itC.whichD.what18.Iwanttoknow____:HasTombeenherethewholemorning？

A.itB.oneC.thatD.this19.–Isawnomorethanonemotor-carinthatshop.Willyougoandbuy____?-No,I’dratherfind____inothershops.A.one;oneB.it;itC.one;itD.it;one20.Whathesaiddiscouragedyou,____?A.diditB.didn’titC.didheD.didn’the21.–Excuseme,Iwanttohavemywatchfixed,butIcan’tfindarepairshop.-Iknownearby.Comeon,I’llshowyou____.A.oneB.itC.someD.that22.Theylosttheirwayintheforest,and____mademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.A.thatB.itC.whatD.which23.-Whydodn’twetakealittle?-Didn’twejusthave____?A.itB.thatC.oneD.this24.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it25.Nobreadeatenbymanisasgoodas____gotbyhisownlabor.A.oneB.thatC.itD.those26.–Whatdoyouthinkofthefurnitureonexhibion?-Well,great!ButIdon’tthinkmuchof____youbought.A.thatB.theoneC.itD.which27.Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulmovie“Hero”____isdirectedbyZhangYimou.A.asB.whichC.thatD.it28.Thechildrenclimedupthehill,____thehadapicnic.A.onitstopB.onthtopofitC.onwhosetopD.onthetopofthat29.SinceyouhaverepairedmyTvset,____isnoneedformetobuyanewone.A.itB.thereC.thisD.that30.Wasit____ourteacherregardedasthebrightestones?A.themwhoB.themwhichC.hewhoD.theythat31.Itwasinthevillage____nowisasmalltown____theearthquakeoccurred?A.where;whichB.which;whereC.which;thatD.that;where32.Itwas____thatcausedhertoservedinneranhourlaterthanusual.A.webeinglateB.ourbeinglateC.weweretoolateD.becausewewerelate33.–Didyouhavemypen,Mary?-Yes,Ihave____righthere.A.oneB.thisC.itD.that34.Wealltake____forgrantedthatheavyobjectsfellfasterthanlightones.A.itB.thatC.oneD.this35.Chinawillbeoneofthefastestdeve