2022-2023学年北京姚村中学高三英语下学期期末试题含解析

2022-2023学年北京姚村中学高三英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Theselflessvillagedoctortreatedwhoevercametohisfamilywithoutany_____.A.cost

B.charge

C.payment

D.price参考答案：B略2.Footballis_____sportIlove,_____sportthathasgivenmesomuch．A．a;the

B．/;a

C．the;a

D．the;the参考答案：C3.Nowadays,it’scommonforachildto

someknowledgeofthecomputerjustbywatchingothersworkingonit.A.bringup B.pickup C.lookup D.setup参考答案：B4.HardlycouldTom_____thisamountofhomeworkinsuchashorttime.

A.getdown

B.getinto

C.getoff

D.getthrough参考答案：D5.--HasJamesfinishedhisreportonhisEnquiryLearningyet?--I’mnotsure.She_________onitlastweek.A.wasworking B.hasworked C.worked D.hadworked参考答案：A【试题解析】根据句意，以及后句中的时间状语lastweek，可知这是过去发生的事情，要用过去进行时。句意：--James完成了他关于“咨询学习”的报告了吗？--我不确定，她上周还在做。6.ThestudentsinthecamptotheUSAstayedinNewYorkforthreedays,____theyvisitedmanyfamousuniversities.A.andduringwhich

B.whichtime

C.duringwhichtime

D.atthattime参考答案：C略7.Thedoctorsaysyou_________stayathomeandrestasmuchaspossibleifyouwantaquickrecovery

A.need

B.should

C.may

D.can参考答案：B8.

It’sacommonsceneinthefilmTangshanEarthquakethatfamiliescryhelplesslyover_____isleftoftheirhomes.A.what

B.which

C.there

D.it参考答案：A略9.Somefamousbranddesignersattendedtheceremony

storiesandexperiencesbehindtheirbrands. A.making

B.hearing

C.describing

D.sharing参考答案：D10.

Theterribleaccidentalmost_____thedriverhislife.

A.valued

B.counted

C.took

D.cost参考答案：D

解析：考查动词词义用法辨析。Value“珍惜”；count“数、依靠”；take“取；拿”；cost“使损失”，句意为：那次严重的事故差点使司机丧生。11.—Mr.Wangwascaughtinasnowstormyesterday.—Ihaveknowthat,and

hisnewcarwascompletelydestroyed.A.hopefully

B.fortunately

C.thankfully

D.unfortunately参考答案：D12.Childrenunder18arenot

tothenetbar.Thebossofthenetbar,however,

havingallowedsometeenagersinduringtheNationalDayholiday.A.permitted;admitted

B.admitted;permittedC.admitted;admitted

D.permitted;recognized参考答案：C略13.WhenyoulearnEnglish,youhavetochoosewhichaccentto

,AmericanorBritish.A.adopt B.adapt C.attach D.approve参考答案：A14.﹣Hey，thewashinguphasbeendone!﹣That______Cynthia，She'salwayshelpful．（）A．needhavebeen B．couldhavebeenC．shouldhavebeen D．musthavebeen参考答案：D﹣﹣﹣嘿，洗刷的工作已经被完成了！﹣﹣﹣一定是Cynthia做的，她一向乐于助人．根据句子的语境以及答语中"She'salwayshelpful她一向乐于助人"可知，此处表示对过去的事情非常肯定的推测；A．needhavedone不表示推测，通常用作虚拟语气，"本来需要做…，而没做"；B．couldhavedone可以表示推测，但是语气不够肯定；C．shouldhavedone表示按常理接近事实的推测，"理应…"．，语气不如must肯定；D．musthavebeen表示对过去的事情非常肯定的推测，"一定是"；故选D本题考查情态动词表示推测的用法．做本题时，必须要熟练掌握各情态动词的意义及用法，特别是要注意区分它们表推测时的用法区别．15.MrBrownthoughtitwouldbeagoodideatohave______fromhisworkerstoimprovehisplan.A．summaries

B．enquiresC．comments

D．connections

参考答案：C16.AdmiralHuYanlinsaidthatsecuritydemandsrequiredChinatohaveitsownaircraftcarrier,and______anycountryhadtherighttobuildone.A.which B.that C.what D.whether参考答案：B二、新的题型17.Therearesomepeoplewhoseemtoalwaysbesurroundedbyfriends,andthereareotherswhoalwaysseemtobestandingontheoutside,lookinginatthecrowdsoffriends.Ifyouareoneoftheoutsiders,itistimetobreakoutofyourshellandstartmakingnewfriends.Herearesometipsthatwillhelp.___16___.Nobodylikesaphony(虚伪的人).Infact,ifyouaren’tyourself,othersaren’tbecomingfriendswithyou.Whenthetimecomesthatyoufeelcomfortableenoughtoactlikeyourselfagain,youmaynotbewellreceived,becauseyouareatotallydifferentperson._____17_____.Usetechnology.Thereareallkindsofonlinegroupsyoucangetinvolvedwith._____18_____.Forinstance,Leafletsisagreatplacetomeetnewpeople.Itcreatesexperiencespeoplecanjoin,andyougettomeetlike-mindedpeoplewhoshareyourinterests.Startwithpeopleyouknow.Reachoutandcontactacquaintances,andreconnectwitholdfriendsyouhaven’tseeninalongtime.Don’tforgetaboutfriendsoffriends.Youmayconnectwithsomereallycoolpeoplejustbyhangingoutwithyourfriendsandtheirfriends._____19_____.Ifyoustayhome,youaren’tgoingtomeetpeople.Keepintouch._____20_____.WiththeInternetandsocialmedia,thereislynoneedforthatthesedays.Lookupoldfriendsandreconnectwiththem.A.BeyourselfB.Ifyouareinvitedtogoout,goC.KeepintouchwitheachotherD.LetpeoplegettoknowtherealyouE.KnowingotherswellisveryimportantF.ManyarelocalgroupsthatplanactivitiesG.Alltoooften,peoplelosetouchwithoneanother参考答案：16.A

17.D

18.F

19.B

20.G作者针对怎样结交新朋友给了一些建议。【16题详解】A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段中ifyouaren’tyourself和actlikeyourselfagain可知本段讲做真实的自己才能交到朋友，没有人喜欢虚伪的人。A项：Beyourself符合本段内容，故选A.【17题详解】D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲做真实的自己才能交到朋友，D项：让人们了解真实的你，符合本段内容，与标题呼应。故选D.【18题详解】F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲使用技术结识更多的人，上句讲你可以参与各种各样的在线团体，F项：许多是计划活动的地方团体，和上句连接。故选F.【19题详解】B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲从你认识的人开始，联系熟人和更多的人扩大朋友圈，多参加聚会。B项：如果你被邀请去，那就去。与上句连接，与下句形成对比。故选B.【20题详解】G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲和朋友保持联系，G项：人们经常失去联系，讲述了现实中的一种现象，与本段内容相符。故选G.三、阅读理解18.Haveyouevernoticedthecolourofthewaterinariverorstreamafteraheavyrainfall?Whatdoyouthinkcausedthischangeincolour?Itissoilthathasbeenwashedintotheriverfromtheriverbankorfromt}lenearbyfields．ComponentsofSoft

Soilismadeupofanumberoflayers(层)，eachhavingitsowndistinctivecolourandtexture．Theupperlayerisknownasthelitter．Itactslikeablanket．limitingtemperaturechangesandreducingwaterloss．Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus(腐殖质)，whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolour．Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrients，oxygen，andwater．Belowthetopsoilisthesubsoil，alayerthatcontainsmorestonesmixedwithonlysmallamountsoforganicmatter．Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus．Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock．

Soilformsfromthebottomup．Overtimebedrockisattackedbyrain,wind，frost,andsnow．Itisgraduallybrokendownintosmallerparticlesinaprocesscalledweathering．Plantsbegintogrow，androttenmaterialsenrichthetopsoil．MostofthesoilinEasternCanada．forexample．Wasformedfromweatheredrockthatwasexposedwhentheicedisappearedl2．000yearsag0．WaterBeneaththeSoil

Surfacewatercollectsandflowsabovethegroundinlakes．ponds．andrivers．Onceinthesoilorrock，itiscalledgroundwater．Gravitypullsgroundwaterthroughthesoilinaprocesscalledpercolation(渗透)．Eventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertable．Underthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolate．

Aswaterpercolatesdownward，itdissolvesorganicmatterandmineralsfromthesoilandcarriesthemtodeeperlayers．Thiscausesaseriousproblembecauseplantsrequirethesenutrientsforgrowth.SoilpH

Soilcanbeacidic．neutral．orbasic．ThepHofthesoilisdeterminedbythenatureoftherockfromwhichitwasformed．andbythenatureoft}leplantsthatgrowandrotinit．

TheacidityofrainandsnowcanlowerthepHofthegroundwaterthatentersthesoil．Byburningfossilfuelssuchascoal，oilandgasoline，humanshavebeencontributingtohigherlevelsofacidityinmanysoils．Whenfossilfuelsareburned．gasesarereleasedintotheairandthenfallbacktoearthasacidrain．Acidsoilincreases出eproblemofcarryingnutrientstolowersoillevels．Asnutrientsareremoved，soilislessfertile．Plantsgrowmoreslowlyinacidicsoil，andalsobecomeeasilyattackedbydiseases．67．Thelayerofsoilthatprovidesnecessarynutrientsforplantgrowthiscalled．

A．1itter

B．topsoil

C．humusD．subsoil68．Accordingtothetext．whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A．Soilformsfromweatheredrockontheearthsurface．

B．Thedeeperlayerofsoilisdarkerincolourthant}lesurfacesoil．

C．Airpollutionispartiallyresponsibleforacidsoil．

D．Groundwatertendstocarryawaynutrientsforplantgrowth．69．Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewatertablelies

．A．betweenthetopsoillayerandthesubsoillayer