考研英语阅读

考研英语阅读

篇一：

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Inorderto"changelivesforthebetter'andreduce"dependency'GeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,introducedthe"upfrontworksearch'scheme.OnlyifthejoblessarriveatthejobcentrewithaCV,registerforonlinejobsearch,andstartlookingforworkwilltheybeeligibleforbenefitandthentheyshouldreportweeklyratherthanfortnightly.Whatcouldbemorereasonable?

Moreapparentreasonablenessfollowed.Therewillnowbeaseven-daywaitforthejobseekersallowance."Thosefirstfewdaysshouldbespentlookingforwork,notlookingtosignon.'heclaimed."Weredoingthesethingsbecauseweknowtheyhelppeoplestayoffbenefitsandhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster.'Help?Really?Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,completewith"reforms'toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,andsubsidizeslaziness.Whatmotivatedhim,weweretounderstand,washiszealfor"fundamentalfairness'protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.

Losingajobishurting:youdontskipdowntothejobcentrewithasonginyourheart,delightedattheprospectofdoublingyourincomefromthegenerousstate.Itisfinanciallyterrifying,psychologicallyembarrassingandyouknowthatsupportisminimalandextraordinarilyhardtoget.Youarenownotwanted;yousupportisminimalandextraordinarilyhardtoget.Youarenownotwanted;youarenowexcludedfromtheworkenvironmentthatofferspurposeandstructureinyourlife.Worse,thecrucialincometofeedyourselfandyourfamilyandpaythebillshasdisappeared.Askanyonenewlyunemployedwhattheywantandtheanswerisalways:ajob.

ButinOsborneland,yourfirstinstinctistofallintodependencypermanentdependencyifyoucangetitsupportedbyastateonlytooreadytoindulgeyourfalsehood.Itisasthough20yearsofever-tougherreformsofthejobsearchandbenefitadministrationsystemneverhappened.TheprincipleofBritishwelfareisnolongerthatyoucaninsureyourselfagainsttheriskofunemploymentandreceiveunconditionalpaymentsifthedisasterhappens.Eventheveryphrase"jobseekersallowance'isaboutredefiningtheunemployedasa"jobseeker'whohadnofundamentalrighttoabenefitheorshehasearnedthroughmakingnationalinsurancecontributions.Instead,theclaimantreceivesatime-limited"allowance,'conditionalonactivelyseekingajob;noentitlementandnoinsurance,at71.70aweek,oneoftheleastgenerousintheEU.

21.GeorgeOsbornesschemewasintendedto.

[A]providetheunemployedwitheasieraccesstobenefits

[B]encouragejobseekersactiveengagementinjobseeking

[C]motivatetheunemployedtoreportvoluntarily

[D]guaranteejobseekerslegitimaterighttobenefits

22.Thephrase,"tosignon'(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans.

[A]tocheckontheavailabilityofjobsatthejobcentre

[B]toacceptthegovernmentsrestrictionsontheallowance

[C]toregisterforanallowancefromthegovernment

[D]toattendagovernmentaljob-trainingprogram

23.Whatpromptedthechancellortodevelophisscheme?

[A]Adesiretosecureabetterlifeforall.

[B]Aneagernesstoprotecttheunemployed.

[C]Anurgetobegeneroustotheclaimants.

[D]Apassiontoensurefairnessfortaxpayers.

24.AccordingtoParagraph3,beingunemployedmakesonefeel.

[A]uneasy

[B]enraged

[C]insulted

[D]guilty

25.Towhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?

[A]TheBritishwelfaresystemindulgesjobseekerslaziness.

[B]Osbornesreformswillreducetheriskofunemployment.

[C]Thejobseekersallowancehasmettheiractualneeds.

[D]Unemploymentbenefitsshouldnotbemadeconditional.

篇二：

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Inthe2023filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesntaffecther.Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistantssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.

Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldntbemoreoutofdateoratoddswiththefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethClinesthree-yearindictmentof"fastfashion.'Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchasZara,HM,andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentreleases,andmoreprofit.Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposablemeanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydontadvertisethatandtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.Byofferingon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.

Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForHMtooffera$5.95knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.

Overdressedisthefashionworldsanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollansTheOmnivoresDilemma."Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetisnon-durableandwasteful,'Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsayearabout64itemsperpersonandnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadstowaste.

TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarahKateBeaumont,whosince2023hasmadeallofherownclothesandbeautifully.ButasClineisthefirsttonote,ittookBeaumontdecadestoperfecthercraft;herexamplecantbeknockedoff.

Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactonlaborandtheenvironmentincludingHM,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionlineClinebelieveslastingchangecanonlybeeffectedbythecustomer.Sheexhibitstheidealismcommontomanyadvocatesofsustainability,beitinfoodorinenergy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycantaffordnotto.

21.Priestlycriticizesherassistantforher.

[A]insensitivitytofashion

[B]obsessionwithhighfashion

[C]poorbargainingskill

[D]lackofimagination

22.AccordingtoCline,mass-marketlabelsurgeconsumersto.

[A]combatun