经济学第六讲义 by eer Smih

Chapter1

EconomicsandtheEconomyDavidBegg,StanleyFischerandRudigerDornbusch,Economics,6thEdition,McGraw-Hill,2000PowerPointpresentationbyPeterSmith0WhatisEconomics?ECONOMICS...isthestudyofhowsocietydecides:WhatForwhomHow

toproduce...1ThepriceofoilTripledin1973-74,anddoubledagainin1979-80…andaffectedpeopleallovertheworld.2AnincreaseinthepriceofoilaffectsWhattoproducelessoil-intensiveproductsHowtoproducelessoil-intensivetechniquesForwhomtoproduceoilproducershavemorebuyingpower,importershaveless3ThedistributionofworldpopulationandGNP,19984ScarcityforceschoicestobemadeOpportunitycostacrucialconceptineconomicanalysisthequantityofothergoodsthatmustbesacrificedtoobtainanotherunitofagood5TheproductionpossibilityfrontierForeachleveloftheoutputofonegood,theproductionpossibilityfrontiershowsthemaximumamountoftheothergoodthatcanbeproduced.FilmoutputFoodoutputProductionpossibilityfrontier6TheoperationofmarketsMarketashorthandexpressionfortheprocessbywhichhouseholds’decisionsaboutconsumptionofalternativegoodsfirms’decisionsaboutwhatandhowtoproduceandworkers’decisionsabouthowmuchandforwhomtoworkareallreconciledbyadjustmentofprices7ResourceallocationResourceallocationiscrucialforasocietyandishandledindifferentwaysindifferentsocieties,e.g.:CommandeconomyMixedeconomyFreemarket8Ma罪rk舞et左o联ri关en唯ta按ti且onCu未baCh宝in术aHu统ng筋ar软ySw针ed录enUKUS刻AHo威ng畅K订on呼gCo宰mm搜an秤dec唯on征om防yFr振eema携rk善etec夫on处om叨y9No照rm祝at蜻iv赏e钩an适d丢Po继si唤ti炊ve卵E患co蚂no吨mi偷csPo壳si菊ti虾ve妇e该co析no次mi佛cs尼d截ea础ls丛w惕it辉h惊ob逃je方ct问iv途e如ex箩pl说an船at辟io励ne.戏g.吗i善f魂a包ta谊x萄is提i梢mp鉴os咸ed是o始n丽a请go棋od脑i铜ts戒p彩ri篇ce棍w韵il望l缓te痛nd撕t韵o蛙ri连seNo嫂rm阳at汤iv邀e岩ec歼on柱om仓ic胃s配of婶fe东rs辞p勇re允sc火ri沃pt骄io俱ns案b若as统ed便o拾n残va执lu菌e浑ju冶dg暑em广en央tse.亡g.巩a稻t惑ax警S观HO龟UL冶D茫be翁i路mp相os春ed梅o简n泻to级ba裕cc私o眨to华d双is倡co哭ur句ag蜘e珠sm民ok类in负g10Mi梨cr输o棋an株d墙Ma俯cr纲oMi亚cr宵oe灾co梯no伤mi洲csof致fe粮rs艰a知d意et促ai锋le屿d露tr年ea含tm果en扑t涨of颗i倘nd蜡iv岁id州ua临l钱ec般on挎om张ic如de蹈ci肾si魂on焰s世ab谢ou冠t肺pa逐rt剃ic绿ul楚ar苗c佛om升mo系di荡ti暑esMa坦cr夹oe想co类