乔治华盛顿英语简介

乔治华盛顿英语简介乔治华盛顿，美国杰出的资产阶级政治家、军事家、革命家，美国开国元勋、国父、首任总统。下面是我为你整理的乔治华盛顿英语简介，盼望对你有用!

乔治华盛顿简介

GeorgeWashington(February22,1732-December14,1799),theUnitedStatesoutstandingbourgeoispoliticians,militarystrategists,revolutionaries,thefoundingfathersoftheUnitedStates,thefather,thefirstpresident.

1775to1783AmericanWarofIndependencewhentheContinentalArmy(ContinentalArmy)manderinchief,1787presidedovertheConstituentAssembly.ThemeetingdevelopedthecurrentUSConstitution.In1789,hebecamethefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStates(whichbecamethefirstpresidentoftheworldtobethepresident),andinthesuccessiveelections,Havewonalltheelectoralgroupswithoutobjectionsupport,hasservedaspresidentuntil1797.Hehassetupmanypoliciesandtraditionsthathavecontinuedintotodaysterm.Attheendofhistwoterms,hevoluntarilywaivedhispowertonolongerseektosucceed.

Washington,asthemostimportantroleintheAmericanWarofIndependenceandthefoundingofthecountry,wasknownasthefatheroftheUnitedStates,alsoknownasthefatheroftheUnitedStates.ThescholarstiedhimtoAbrahamLincoln,FranklinRooseveltasthegreatestpresidentinAmericanhistory.GeorgeWashingtonwasratedbytheAmericanauthoritativejournalAtlanticMonthlyasthesecondofthe100charactersintheUnitedStates.

乔治华盛顿为政举措

BuildtheUnitedStates

From1775to1781,WashingtonledthearmytofightthemightyBritisharmy.Inthiswarofindependence,Washingtonchosetherightstrategy,astheRomangeneralFabiusMaximus(FabiusMaximus)inthesecondPunicWarstrategy(Fabrystrategy),continuedtodelaytheenemyWillbeabletomaketheBritishasHannibalthen,attackedthedoorbutnodoorintothedoor.SoontheBritishwillunderstandthatcontinuingtofightisjustawasteofresources,theycanonlypursuetheUSmilitarymelee,butcannotpletelycapturethemainUSmilitary.

Atthesametime,Washingtontooktheopportunitytoattack.In1776heregainedBostonin1776,despitehisdefeatinthesubsequentbattleofNewYorkandthebattleofLongIsland,butheperseveredinthestruggle,andattheendof1776andearly1777,TerentonandPrincetonwereVictory.InOctober1777,underhismandofHoratioGatesandBenedictineArnoldledtheNorthAmericanArmyinSaratogatoBaiGaoYingledthe5000BritishsoldierssurroundedandcapturedtheUnitedStates,thewarofindependence.Finally,in1781,WashingtonpersonallyledthearmytoKangWeili(alsotranslatedCharlesConvorius)generalsoftheBritishforcesaroundthetownofYork.UndertheattackoftheUnitedStatesandFrance,inOctober1781,GeneralKangWallyand7,000BritishtroopssurrenderedtotheUSmilitary.ThevictorywasthemostgloriousmomentinWashingtonscareer,andtheendofthewarontheNorthAmericanbattlefield-theNorthAmericanpeoplewonthefinalvictory.

ThevictoryonthebattlefieldacceleratedtheindependenceoftheUnitedStates,suchastherecoveryofBostontopromotetheadoptionoftheDeclarationofIndependence.ButWashingtonisnotjustawarofwar.Heiswellawarethatthewarwillwinthroughdiplomaticchannels,ratherthanrelyingonthesoldiers.Yorktownafterthevictoryovertwoyears,afterdiplomaticnegotiations,theUnitedKingdomfinallyadmittedthattheUnitedStatesindependent,meritoriousWashingtonchoosetoretreat.

However,thenewbornAmericanfacesmanydifficulties.Asaconfederationcountry,theUnitedStatesofAmericaisonlyalooseallianceof13states.176yearsofXieDivisionuprisingfinallyshooktherulinggroup,theyinvariablyrecognizetheneedtostrengthenthecentralpowerandurgency.Inthisway,inWashingtonin1787,again,asthechairmanoftheConstituentAssemblypresidedoverthedevelopmentoftheFederalConstitution,establishedarealnationalgovernment,aftertheConfederationundertheloosealliancehasfinallybeeaveritablecountry.

Createaregime

Setupcabinet

In1789,WashingtonsoutstandingmeritmadehimelectedasthefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStates.April30,WashingtonintheUnitedStateswasthetemporarycapitalofNewYorkswornin.AftereightyearsofwarandeightyearsofpoliticalturmoilintheUnitedStates,theproblemisdifficult,andthefederalgovernmentmustcreateitsowninstitutions.Washingtonhasmadetheliberalandconservativeinthecabinettomaintainabalance,sothatthevariousregionsofthecountry,theinterestsofpoliticalgroupsinthegovernmentcanbeabalancedreflection.

Inthecabinet,Washingtonreliesheavilyonthetalented,savvyHamilton.Hamiltonactivelyboldlyproposedaseriesofambitiousplanstorestoretheeconomy,developindustryandtrade,andstabilizecredit.InWashington,thesupportandinterventionwereputintopractice:thesinkingfundlaw,thefederalgovernmenttorepaythewartimepublicandprivatedebt;bankinglaw,inaccordancewiththeBritishBankofEnglandasamodelintheUnitedStatestoestablishanationalBankoftheUnitedStatestoconsolidatethecountryCredit,stablecurrency,activenationaleconomy.Aswellasdomestictaxlaw,castsilkandtonsoftaxlawsandsoon.Healsoestablishedthepresidentialvetosysteminhisfirstterm,perfectingthepresidentialsystem.

Washingtonsfirsttermiscalmandremarkable.HeestablishedthegovernmentagenciesoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,andthegovernmentwasontrackandmadegreatachievements.InWashington,whenheenteredhissecondterm,theCabinetdisagreed,thepartywasintensified,andJeffersonandHamilton,themainmembersofthecabinet,maderesignations.

Perfectjustice

DuringthefirstterminWashington,thefirsttenamendmentstotheConstitution,whichwereknownastheBillofRights,wereapproved.Accordingtothejudiciallawof1789,thethirddepartmentoftheUSgovernment,theSupremeCourt,wasestablished,andNewYorkStateconservativeJohnJaywasappointedChiefJusticeinWashington.

Asthefirstpresident,WashingtonappointedalmostallSupremeCourtjudges,thesamenumberwasonlyservedbyaslongasfour(1933-1945)Roosevelthadarrived.Inthisway,theformationoftheSupremeCourt,coupledwiththebirthofthefirstCongress,theUSfederalrepublicwasreallyestablished.

InWashington,somestatesjoinedthefederation,sothatthefederalsystemwaspromoted.ThestatewasjoinedbyNorthCarolina(1789);RhodeIsland(1790);Vermont(1791);Kentucky(1792);Tennessee(1796).

foreignpolicy

In1793April,BritainandFrancetoopenthewar,Washingtonadoptedaneutralpolicy,whichwasattackedbykinship,pro-lawleaderJeffersonresignedfromthedutiesoftheSecretaryofState.WashingtonsneutralitypolicyisnotonlyresentfulofdissatisfactionwithFrance,butalsobytheBritishchallenge.TheUS-ROKrelationshavedeterioratedsharply,andCongresshasmadepreparationsforwar,whileWashingtonsgoalistoavoidawarwithBritain.InApril1794,Washington,themainmemberofthepro-Britishfaction,theSupremeCourtChiefJusticeJohnJayasenvoy,wenttoBritaintonegotiate.InNovemberthesameyear,signedtheJayTreaty.JayTreatytoeasetheUS-Britishrelations,thepreservationofpeace,toensuretheintegrityofthewesternUnitedStatesterritory,andlaidthefoundationfortheexpansionoftheUnitedStatestothewest.Inaddition,healsosignedadeclaration,declaredstrictneutralitypolicy,soastoavoidtheUnitedStatesinvolvedintheEuropeanwar.

Signthebill

ThesigningoftheJudiciaryActof1789,alsoknownastheConstitutionof1789,isalawestablishingthefederalcourtandtheSupremeCourtsystem.

SignedtheIndianIntercourseActs,whichstipulatedthattheGreatPlainsofNebraskawaslandfortheIndiansandenteredintoforcein1790.

SignedtheResidenceActof1790,Philadelphia,Pennsylvaniaasatemporarycapitalofthefederalgovernment.

SignedtheBankActof1791,issuedapermittotheNorthAmericanbank,makingitthefirstmodernprivatemercialbank.

SignedtheCoinageActof1792,whichstipulatestheAmericancoincoinagestandard.

SignedtheFugitiveSlaveActof1793tomediatelegaldisputesbetweenthetwostatesofPennsylvaniaandVirginiaforakidnappingcase.

SignedtheNavalActof1794,foundedtheUSNavy.

SignedtheLandActof1796,whichwaspletedatthelastminuteofhistenure.

Peacefultransfer

Inhissecondterm,Washingtonwillnolongeraccepttherequestofhimasthethirdpresident.OnSeptember17,1796,Washingtonpublishedhisfamousfarewellwords,summeduphispoliticalexperienceofhislife,andmadewiseandearnestadvicetohispatriots.Hecalledonthewholecountrytomaintainunity,cherishthefederal,abidebyfederallaw,obeytheelectionresults.Heopposedthewillofapartytoreplacethewillofthecountry,hewarnedthatthepartystrugglewillleadtothedivisionofthecountry.Hewarnedhisfellowcitizenstobefreeandfriendlywithallthenations,andtreatallnationswithuprightandimpartialfeelings.Hefirmlystatedthatourrealpolicyistoavoidapermanentalliancewithanypartoftheforeignworld,andthatthetrustcanonlybetemporarilyalignedtocopewiththeparticularlyurgentsituation.ThesewarningsofWashington,andlaterbecametherulersoftheUnitedStatesPolicyonthepursuitofthestandard,thesubsequentpoliticallifeoftheUnitedStateshasaverysignificantimpact.

OnMarch4,1797,Washingtonhandedoverpowerto