2022高考英语乙卷B篇二次精读（学生版）

语篇类型：书评主题语境：人与社会文学书评难度系数：★★建议用时：8’文章出处：第2课时第一节：真题再现〔2022全国乙卷B篇〕In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaoneroomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff'sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden'sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahairraisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed〔牵涉〕drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism〔坚忍〕ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:"Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter."24.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.26.WhichpartofWickenden'swritingishairraising?A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.27.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren'sstory.D.Adiaryentry.其次节：精深语篇高频核心词汇1.________________/ˈwelθi/adj.富有的，丰富的2.________________/səˈpraɪz/n.不寻常的大事，意外之事；惊异，惊异3.________________/ˈset(ə)lmənt/n.定居点，聚居地；〔解决争端的〕协议，和解4.________________/ˌʌndəˈteɪk/v.承当，从事；承诺5.________________/wiːp/v.〔通常因哀痛〕哭泣，流泪6.________________/rɪˈpleɪs/v.取代；〔用……〕替换，〔以……〕接替7.________________/ˈɪnfluəns/v.影响，对……起作用8.________________/dɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n/n.打算，选择9.________________/rɪˈtɜːn/n.回来，返回；归还10.________________/slɪp/v.滑倒，失足；溜走，静静地走11.________________/rɪˈspekt/n.敬重，敬重；重视12.________________/weə(r)/v.穿〔衣服〕，戴〔首饰等〕；蓄〔须〕，留〔发〕13.________________/ˈjuːsf(ə)l/adj.有用的，有益的14.________________/ˈprɪvəsi/n.隐私，隐秘；清静15.________________/reə(r)/adj.少见的，不常发生的16.________________/ˈsʌfə(r)/v.〔因疾病、苦痛、哀痛等〕受苦，受熬煎17.________________/sɪˈvɪə(r)/adj.特别严峻的，极为恶劣的18.________________/ˈhɑːdʃɪp/n.困苦，困难二、词性转换：1.________________n.财宝；富有→________________adj.富有的;2.________________v.使定居;安排；安置;→________________n.移民；殖民者；早期开拓者→________________3.________________v.教授,指导→________________n.〔高校的〕讲师→________________adj.有教育意义的；有启发性的→_______________n.指示；叮嘱；命令；教学；讲授；传授；指导；指令；4.________________v.vt.预期；期望；预料→________________n.期盼；期望；预期→________________adj.未料到的;5.________________→________________n.隐私;6.________________vt.伸开；张开；绽开；伸展；绽开vi.具体表达；扩展→________________n.扩张；扩大7.________________n.蔷薇花；月季花→________________adj.玫瑰色的;8.________________v.(大小、外形等)不同→________________adj.不同的；有差异的→________________adj.各种各样的；很多的→________________n.变化；多样化；各式各样三、熟词生义nstruct熟义：v.指示；命令；叮嘱生义：v.________________原文：SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.译文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意为“toteachsbsth,especiallyapracticalskill(教授，传授〔技能等〕)〞。2.concern熟义：n.〔尤指很多人共同的〕担忧，忧虑生义：v.________________原文：Ahairraisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed〔牵涉〕drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.译文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意为“toaffectsb;toinvolvesb(影响，涉及，牵涉〔某人〕)〞。3.expand熟义：v.扩大，增加，增加〔尺码、数量或重要性〕生义：v.________________原文：InWickenden'sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.译文：______________________________________________________________________4.drill熟义：v.钻〔孔〕；打〔眼〕生义：________________原文：Ahairraisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed〔牵涉〕drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.译文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意为“toteachsbtodosthbymakingthemrepeatitalotoftimes(培训；训练)〞。5.concern熟义：n.〔尤指很多人共同的〕担忧，忧虑生义：v.________________原文：Ahairraisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed〔牵涉〕drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.译文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意为“totalkmore;toadddetailstowhatyouaresaying(细谈；详述；具体说明)〞。分析：在本句中意为“tobeaboutsth(与…有关；涉及)〞。6.blanket熟义：n.毯子；毛毯生义：n.________________原文：Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning..译文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意为“tathicklayerorcoveringofsth(

厚层；厚的掩盖层)〞。7.sweep熟义：v.扫；清扫；清扫生义：n.________________原文：Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism〔坚忍〕ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.译文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意为“therangeofanidea,apieceofwriting,etc.thatconsidersmanydifferentthings(广泛性；广博的范围；广度)〞。8.sweep熟义：v.扫；清扫；清扫生义：n.________________原文：Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism〔坚忍〕ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.译文：______________________________________________________________________。分析：在本句中意为“therangeofanidea,apieceofwriting,etc.thatconsidersmanydifferentthings(广泛性；广博的范围；广度)〞。9.move熟义：v.〔使〕转变位置，移动生义：v.________________原文：Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism〔坚忍〕ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.译文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意为“tocausesbtohavestrongfeelings,especiallyofsympathyorsadness(使感动；打动)〞。mark熟义：v.做记号；做标记生义：v.________________原文：Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.译文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意为“tomakeamarkonsthinawaythatspoilsordamagesit;tobeespoiltordamagedinthisway(留下痕迹；弄污；使有污点)〞。review熟义：n.评审，审查，检查，检讨〔以进行必要的修改〕生义：n.________________原文：Abookreview.译文：________________分析：在本句中意为“towriteareportofabook,play,film/movie,etc.inwhichyougiveyouropinionofit

(写〔关于书籍、戏剧、电影等的〕评论；评介)〞。entry熟义：n.进入〔指行动〕生义：n.________________原文：Adiaryentry.译文：________________分析：在本句中意为“apieceofwritinginadiary,orinabookcontaininginformationsuchasadictionary(〔日记〕片段；〔字典〕词条)〞。\四、词汇应用subject【N.】①ofconversation/book谈话；书籍②atschool/college学校的学科；科目；课程③Apersonorthingbeingusedtostudysth.,especiallyinanexperiment接受试验者；试验对象Weseemtohavegotoffthesubjectwearemeanttobediscussing.我们好像偏离了应当争论的话题。Biologyismyfavouritesubject.生物是我最喜爱的学科。Weneedmalesubjectsbetweentheagesof18and25fortheexperiment.我们需要18至25岁之间的男性来接受试验。【ADJ.】①~tosth.likelytobeaffectedbysth.especiallysth.bad.可能受...影响的；易患病...的②~tosth.dependingonsthinordertobepletedoragreed取决于；视...而定③~tosth.undertheauthorityofsth./sb.受...支配；听从于...Flightaresubjecttodelaybecauseofthefog.由于有雾，航班可能延误。Thearticleisreadytopublish,subjecttoyourapproval.那篇文章预备好了，可以发表，就等你批准了。Allnuclearinstallationsaresubjecttointernationalsafeguards.一切核设施均须执行国际防护措施。【v.】①~sth.tosth.tobringacountryorgroupofpeopleunderyourcontrol,especiallybyusingforce.使臣服；是服从；压制TheRomanEmpiresubjectedmostofEuropetoitsrule.罗马帝国把欧洲多数地区置于自己的统治之下。五、核心词块1.nothingdaunted________________2.moveinwithsb________________3.ablanketofsnow________________xpandon/uponsth________________5.endwith________________6.fullmoon________________7.dosightseeing________________8.livingconditions________________长难句分析1.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead.Colotoinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.〔Para.1〕分析：______________________________________________________________________译文：______________________________________________________________________2.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.分析：______________________________________________________________________译文：______________________________________________________________________3.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.分析：______________________________________________________________________译文：______________________________________________________________________第三节：实战演练典例1：根底练★★Passage1(2021浙江7月卷*阅读理解A篇)Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay﹣reader，andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers.TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright〔剧作家〕hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection，forthatwould，indeed，ruinthepleasureofreading，discussing，andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.However，avarietyoftypesisrepresentedhere.Theseincludeedy，satire，poignantdrama，historicalandregionaldrama.Toshowtheversatility〔多面性〕oftheshortplay，Ihaveincludedaguidanceplay，aradioplayandatelevisionplay.Amongthewritersoftheplaysinthiscollection，PaulGreen，SusanGlaspell，MaxwellAnderson，ThorntonWilder，WilliamSaroyan，andTennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizesfortheircontributionstothetheater.Moreinformationabouttheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendofthisbook.Togetthemostoutofreadingtheseplays，trytopicturetheplayonstage，withyou，thereader，intheaudience.Thehouselightsdim〔变暗〕.Thecurtainsareabouttoopen，andinafewminutestheactionanddialoguewilltellyouthestory.1.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph？A.Hehaswrittendozensofplays.B.Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.C.Heisaprofessionalstageactor.D.Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.2.Whatdoestheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork？A.Statingtheplays'centralideas.B.Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.C.Includingvarioustypesofplays.D.Offeringinformationontheplaywrights.3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays？A.Controltheirfeelings.B.Applytheiractingskills.C.Usetheirimagination.D.Keeptheiraudienceinmind.4.Whatisthistext？A.Ashortstory.B.Anintroductiontoabook.C.Aplayreview.D.Anadvertisementforatheater.Passage2(2021新高考Ⅰ卷*阅读理解C篇)Inthemid﹣1990s，TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths，physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater，stillattractedtothecountry，hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit，however，endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook，ChasingtheSea：LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia，whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan，wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland，andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway：Rustam，histranslator，alovely24﹣year﹣oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia，OlegandNatasha，hishostsinTashkent，andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan，madeoffriendlinessandwarmth，butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand，MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders，whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana，heattendsamountainfuneral〔葬礼〕followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan，heissaddenedbytheduststorms，diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences，makinghistaleawell﹣roundedpictureofUzbekistan，seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican，aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains，thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook，orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis，theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.1.WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan？A.Hisfriends'invitation.B.Hisinterestinthecountry.C.Hisloveforteaching.D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph2referto？A.Developingaseriousmentaldisease.B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan？A.Romantic.B.Eventful.C.Pleasant.D.Dangerous.4.Whatisthepurposeofthistext？A.Tointroduceabook.B.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C.Torememberawriter.D.Toremendatraveldestination.典例2：力量提升练★★★Passage1(2020新高考Ⅱ卷*阅读理解C篇)InMay1987theGoldenGateBridgehada50thbirthdayparty.Thebridgewasclosedtomotortrafficsopeoplecouldenjoyawalkacrossit.Organizersexpectedperhaps50，000peopletoshowup.Instead，asmanyas800，000crowdedtheroadstothebridge.Bythetime250，000wereonthebridge，engineersnoticedsomethingterrible：theroadwaywasflatteningunderwhatturnedouttobetheheaviestloadithadeverbeenaskedtocarry.Worse，itwasbeginningtosway〔晃动〕.Theauthoritiesclosedaccesstothebridgeandtensofthousandsofpeoplemadetheirwaybacktoland.Adisasterwasavoided.ThestoryisoneofscoresinToForgiveDesign：UnderstandingFailure，abookthatisatoncealovelettertoengineeringandapaean〔赞歌〕toitsbreakdowns.Itsauthor，Dr.HenryPetroski，haslongbeenwritingaboutdisasters.Inthisbook，heincludesthelossofthespaceshuttles〔航天飞机〕ChallengerandColumbia，andthesinkingoftheTitanic.Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong，inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.Sometimesdevicesfailbecauseagooddesignisconstructedwithlowqualitymaterialsinpetentlyapplied.Orperhapsadesignworkssowellitisadoptedelsewhereagainandagain，withseeminglyharmlessimprovements，until，suddenly，itdoesnotworkatallanymore.Readerswillencounternotonlystoriestheyhaveheardbefore，butsomenewstoriesandamovingdiscussionoftheresponsibilityoftheengineertothepublicandthewaysyoungengineerscanbehelpedtograspthem."Successissuccessbutthatisallthatitis，"Dr.Petroskiwrites.Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement.1.WhathappenedtotheGoldenGateBridgeonits50thbirthday？A.Itcarriedmoreweightthanitcould.B.Itswayedviolentlyinastrongwind.C.Itsroadwaywasdamagedbyvehicles.D.Itsaccesswasblockedbymanypeople.2.WhichofthefollowingisDr.Petroski'sideaaccordingtoparagraph3？A.Nodesigniswellreceivedeverywhere.B.Constructionismoreimportantthandesign.C.Notalldisastersarecausedbyengineeringdesign.D.Improvementsonengineeringworksarenecessary.3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest？A.Failurecanleadtoprogress.B.Successresultsinoverconfidence.C.Failureshouldbeavoided.D.Successesfromjointefforts.4.Whatisthetext？A.Anewsreport.B.Ashortstory.C.Abookreview.D.Aresearcharticle.Passage2(2015湖北卷*阅读理解E篇)Sciencehasalotofuses．Itcanuncoverlawsofnature，curediseases，makebombs，andhelpbridgestostandup．Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthatthere'salwaysatemptation〔诱惑〕todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful．DavidBrooks，authorofTheSocialAnimal：TheHiddenSourcesofLove，Character，andAchievement，appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtoresistthetemptation．Brooksgainedfameforseveralbooks．HislatestbookTheSocialAnimal，however，ismoreambitiousandseriousthanhisearlierbooks．Itisanattempttodealwithasetofweightytopics．Thebookfocusesonbigquestions：Whathassciencerevealedabouthumannature？Whatarethesourcesofcharacter？Andwhyaresomepeoplehappyandsuccessfulwhileothersaren't？Toanswerthesequestions，Brookssurveysawiderangeofdisciplines〔学科〕．Consideringthis，youmightexpectthebooktobeadryrecitationoffacts．ButBrookshasstructuredhisbookinanunorthodox〔特别规的〕，andperhapsunfortunate，way．Insteadofintroducingscientifictheories，hetellsastory，withinwhichhetriestomakehispoints，perhapsinordertokeepthereader'sattention．SoasHaroldandErica，theheroandheroineinhisstory，livethroughchildhood，wehearaboutthescienceofchilddevelopment，andastheybegintodatewehearaboutthetheoryofsexualattraction．Brookscarriesthisthroughtothedeathofoneofhischaracters．Onthewhole，Brooks'sstoryisacceptableifuninspired．Asonewouldexpect，hiswritingismostlyclearand，tobefair，somechaptersstandoutabovetherest．Ienjoyed，forinstance，thechapterinwhichHarolddiscovershowtothinkonhisown．WhileHaroldandEricaarecertainlynotstrongormemorablecharacters，themoreseriousproblemswithTheSocialAnimallieelsewhere．TheseproblemspartlyinvolveBrooks'sattempttotranslatehistaleintoscience．1.Theauthormentionsthefunctionsofscienceatthebeginningofthepassageto．A．illustratewheresciencecanbeappliedB．demonstratethevalueofBrooks'snewbookC．remindthereaderoftheimportanceofscienceD．explainwhymanywritersusescienceintheirworks2.Accordingtotheauthor，whichofthefollowingcouldbeastrengthofthebook？A．Itsstrongbasis．B．Itsconvincingpoints．C．Itsclearwriting．D．Itsmemorablecharacters．3.Whatistheauthor'sgeneralattitudetowardsthebook？A．Contradictory．B．Supportive．C．Cautious．D．Critical．4.Whatistheauthorlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph？A．Problemswiththebook．B．Brooks'slifeexperiences．C．Deathofthecharacters．D．Brooks'stranslationskills．典例3：仿真演练★★★★Pa