高中英语句子成分分析

高考一轮复习英语课件

句子成分和五种基本句型2017-07-01高中英语句子成分分析

练习:翻译下面的句子并判断句子成分1.太阳升起来了。(rise)2.她喜欢看书。3.他的脸红了。(turnred)4.我给他看我的照片。5.他们把门漆成绿色。(paint)高中英语句子成分分析练习:翻译下面的句子并判断是哪种句型？太阳从东方升起来了。(rise)她喜欢看书。他的脸红了。(turnred)4.我给他看我的照片。5.他们把门漆成绿色。(paint)Thesunhasrisenintheeast.Sheenjoysreading.Hisfaceturnedred.Ishowedhimmypictures.Theypaintedthedoorgreen.高中英语句子成分分析句子成分定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：宾语、定语、状语、补足语、表语、同位语高中英语句子成分分析句子成分◆主语◆谓语◆宾语◆定语◆状语◆补语◆表语◆同位语高中英语句子成分分析1.

I

met

mybest

friend

Tom

atthestationyesterday.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语高中英语句子成分分析

㈠主语（subject）

句子说明的人或事物（是一个句子的主干部分之一,主语表明是“什么人”，“什么事”.通常由名词,代词,动词不定式,动名词来充当.）ThisyearJaneisgoodatplayingthepiano.Shewentoutinahurry.Fourislargerthanthree.Toseeistobelieve.But

smoking

isbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Whathehassaidistrue.高中英语句子成分分析找出句中主语Thesunrisesintheeast.

（名词）

Helikesdancing.

（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.

（数词）

Seeingisbelieving.

（动名词）

Toseeistobelieve.

（不定式）

Whatheneedsisabook.

（主语从句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）高中英语句子成分分析㈡谓语

说明主语的动作、状态和特征简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词;HecanspeakEnglishwell.Hehascaughtabadcold.Shedoesn’tseemtolikedancing高中英语句子成分分析(三)宾语

动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.Hegaveme

somebooks.↓间接宾语↓直接宾语高中英语句子成分分析●.pleasepassme

thebook.●.Heboughtme

someflowers.●Ilikemyjob.●Iloveyou.●Hewantedtoleavehere.●Theyenjoyedplayingcomputergames.高中英语句子成分分析（四）定语

修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句

Heisacleverboy.Hisfatherworksinasteelwork.Thereare54studentsinourclass.Doyouknownbetty’ssister?Heboughtsomesleepingpills.Thereisasleepingbabyinbed.Hisspokenlanguageisgood.Imetafriendonmywayhome.(形容词)(名词)(数词)(名词的所有格)(动名词)(现在分词)(过去分词)(副词)高中英语句子成分分析Thegirlinredishissister.Wehavealotofworktodo.Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter.Doyouknowthemanwhospokejust

now?Thereisnothinginterestinginthisbook.高中英语句子成分分析（五）状语

修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，

说明动作或状态特征的句子成分

Iwillbebackinawhile.Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.高中英语句子成分分析Iwaitedtoseeyou.Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.Thisbookisveryinteresting.Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.Healwayscomeslatetoschool.高中英语句子成分分析（六）宾语补足语

有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外，

还要有一个宾语补足语，说明宾语的身份和状态

以补充其意义不足，使句子的意义完整。

这类常用的及物动词有make,consider,cause,

see,find,call,get,have,let.

Ifoundthebookinteresting.Doyousmellsomethingburning?Hemadehimselfknowntothem.高中英语句子成分分析Sheaskedmetolendherahand.Pleasemakeyourselfathome.Pleasekeepthedogout.Wemustkeepitasecret.高中英语句子成分分析主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补.Ilastsawhimplayingneartheriver.→Hewaslastseenplayingneartheriver.Theteachercaughtthestudentcheatingintheexam→Thestudentwascaughtcheatingintheexam

Wemadehimmonitor.→Hewasmademonitor.Hepushedthedooropen.→Thedoorwaspushedopen.高中英语句子成分分析（七）表语

系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征常见的系动词有:be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become,get,grow,come,goetc.系动词不用于被动语态.Theappletastessweet.高中英语句子成分分析Thewarwasover.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.Timeisprecious.I’mnotquitemyselftoday.Whowasthefirst?Heisoutofcondition.ThebookiswhatIneed.高中英语句子成分分析（八）同位语位于名词或代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况

Weyoungpeopleshouldrespecttheold.名词Hehimselfwilldotheexperiment.代词Heistheoldestamongthemfour.数词Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwonthe

game.从句HetoldmethenewsthatIaminterestedin.从句高中英语句子成分分析Hewent.Hewentthere.Hewentthereyesterday.Hewenttheretoseehismotheryesterday.Hewenttheretoseehismotherillinhospitalbybikeyesterday.高中英语句子成分分析Exercises:分析句子结构Youareastudent.Hefelthappytoday.Whatyousaidmademehappy.CouldyougivemesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell?Afterhefinishedhishomework,hewentaway.Helikespopmusic.高中英语句子成分分析Istayedawakeuntil11:30oneeveninginordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonforoncebymyself.Annenamedherdiarykittyb