大家说英语空中09年0902sc钻石vip新

空中英语之家荣誉【英格 筹建中SalesTax-A(2-2)-OnyournexttriptoAmerica,don’tforgetaboutsalesSalesTaxConversationA(JackandLauraarecomingoutofarestaurantafterdinner.)Laura:Thankyou,Jack.Thatdinnerwasdelicious,andtheservicewasfantastic!Jack:Itwasalsoquiteexpensive.BythetimeIaddedthesalestaxandtip,dinnercostusalmost$80!Laura:Whysomuch?JackWell,thisisChicagosothetaxrateisover10percent.AndIwantedtotip20percentbecausetheservicewassogood.Laura:Butyoudidcalculatethetipbeforeyouaddedthetax,right?Jack:Ofcourse.Laura:Good.Somepeopledon’tknowtodothat.ConversationBLaura:Doeseverystatehaveasalestax?Jack:Ithinkmostofthemdo.ButIknowafewstatesdon’t.Laura:Sohowdostatesgetmoneyiftheydon’thaveasalestax?Jack:Theyhaveastate etaxorhighpropertytaxes.Laura:Oh.Soifastatehasasalestax,doyouhavetopayitoneverything?Jack:No.Manystatesdon’tchargesalestaxongroceriesorprescriptiondrugs.Laura:That’sgood.Jack:Sonexttime,let’ssavemoneybybuyingfoodatthestoreandcookingitourselves!Laura:Notonyourlife!(Theylaugh.)fantastic(adj)極好的calculate(v)計算property(n)財產；房地產groceries(pln)食品雜貨notonyourlife(idiom)絕不可能；你休想prescription(n)處方”銷售稅”A餐好好吃，服務也很棒呢！：這一餐也蠻貴的，把銷售稅和小克：這個嘛，我們是在芝加哥，所以銷售稅超過一成，又因為這裡的服務很讚，給兩成的小費。蘿拉：可是你有在加（銷售）稅原價再加銷售稅後總額的二成來計算，對不對？：當然。蘿拉：那就好，有些人不知道要這樣做。會話B蘿拉：每一州都有銷售稅嗎？：大多數州都有，但我知道有幾個州沒有。蘿拉：那些買任何東西都得繳稅嗎？：不會，很多州不會針對食品雜貨或 etoStudioClassroomWorldwide.MynameisSteve.Thanksforjoiningustoday.OurfriendsJackandLaurahavejustfinishedanenjoyablemealatarestaurant.Nowinadditiontopayingatip,whichisnormallyfifteenpercentofthebill,thereisthetax.Soasyousee,amealinAmericacangetreallyexpensive.Let’slooknowattwowordswhichwe’llseeintoday’sdialogue.Thefirstisfantasticasin:Whatafantasticidea!Thesecondiscalculateasin:DadcalculatedtheamountoftimeitwouldtaketodrivetoNewYork.OK.Let’sjumpinandvisitJackandLaura.Pleasefollowalongonpageeleveninone.SalesTax.ConversationA.JackandLauraarecomingoutofarestaurantafterdinner.Thankyou,Jack.Thatdinnerwasdelicious,andtheservicewasfantastic!Itwasalsoquiteexpensive.BythetimeIaddedthesalestaxandtip,dinnercostusalmosteightydollars!Whysomuch?Well,thisisChicago,sothetaxrateisovertenpercent.AndIwantedtotiptwentypercentbecausetheservicewassogood.Butyoudidcalculatethetipbeforeyouaddedthetax,right?Ofcourse.Good.Somepeopledon’tknowtodothat.(Music) e,friends.I’mChelsea.AndI’mEsther.Andwe’reondaytwoofourAmericanCultureCornerarticle:SalesTax.Nowremember,whatissalestax?Well,salestaxeisextramoneythatisaddedontothecostofsomethingthatyoubuyinAmerica.Soitmakesthepricegoupjustalittlebithigher.Nowrememberwementionedthatindifferentstates,therearedifferentamountsyoupayforasalestax.Soifyouknowwhereyou’regoing,firstchecktoseehowmuchyouneedtopayforthesalestax.Nowtodaywe’regoingtobetakingalookataconversation.AndthisconversationtakescebetweenacoupleJackandLauraastheyarecomingoutofarestaurantafterthey’veeatendinner.Sotheyhavefinishedtheirmealandnowthey’retalkingabouttheirmeal.SoLaurathanksJackforpayingfordinner.Shesays:Thankyou.Thedinnerwasdeliciousandtheservicewasfantastic.Sothedinnertastedvery,verygood.Itwasdelicious.Andtheservicewasfantastic.Thatwordfantasticisanadjective.Anditreallymeansthesamethingasgreatorexcellence.Weusethosewordsalotinterchangeably.Thatmeansyoucanusethemalltomeanthesamething.Soifit’sfantastic,it’sverygood;it’sgreat.Andit’snotjustlikeyourregular...service.Itwasfantastic.Maybetheservercameovereveryfewminutestoaskthem:AreyoungOK?Doyoulikethefood?CanIhelpyougetanything?SoLauraisvery,verysatisfiedwiththefantasticservice.ButJacknoticesthatnotonlywasitfantastic,itwasalsoquiteexpensive.ItcosthimalotofmoneytotakeLauraoutforanicedinner.Hesays:BythetimeIaddedthesalestaxandtip,dinnercostusalmosteightydollars.That’sareallyexpensivemeal,Esther.Thatisveryexpensive.Sotheyhadtopayforthedinner.Butthentheyhadtoaddthetipandalsothesalestax.Andhowmuchwasit?Eightydollarsfortwopeople.That’sexpensive.Nowthetip,thisissomethingimportanttoknowifyou’regoingtovisitAmerica.Atipismoneythatyouleaveforthewhohashelpedserveyou.Sointhiscase,you’reattherestaurant,youwillhaveawaiterthatcomestoyourtableandtakesyourorderandbringsyouyourdrinkandyourfood.Andsotobepolite,youleavesomemoneyforthat ,andthatisatip.ButLaurastillthinksit’sverystrange.SosheasksJack:Whysomuch?Andwhatdoeshesay?JacksaystoLaura:Well,thisisChicago,sothetaxrateisovertenpercent.AndIwantedtotiptwentypercentbecausetheservicewassogood.NowEsther,inAmerica,mostpeopleknowthatwhenyoutip,youshouldtipbetweenfifteenandtwentypercentbecausethatisthepolitethingtodo.Right.Theywon’t lyouyouhavetotip,buteveryoneknowsthatissomethingyoudo.Andifyoudon’ttip,thenmaybethenexttimeyougototherestaurant,theservicewon’tbesogoodforyou.SomakesureyoutrytoleaveatipthenexttimeyougotoarestaurantinAmerica.LauragoesontoaskJack:Didyocalculatethetipbeforeyouaddedthetax?Thisisimportanttoknowhowtodo.Calculatethetipbeforeyouaddthetax.Whatdoestheword”calculate”meanthere,Esther?Well,ifyoucalculate,thenyouareworkingwithnumbers.Youtrytofindwhattheansweris.SoifJackcalculatedthetip,thenhetookoutmaybea orapentoseehowmuchitcost,andthenheaddedtheamountofmoneyheneededtopayontopofwhattherestaurantchargedforthefood.Somakessurewhenyou’readdinginatip,youdon’taddinthetipwhenonceyou’veaddedthetax.Thatwouldmeanyouwouldenduppayingalotmorethanyouneededto.Addinthetipbeforethetaxehasbeenaddedin.AndJacksays:Ofcourse.OfcourseIknewtodothat.AndLauraresponds:Good.Somepeopledon’tknowtodothat.Right.Somepeopledon’tknowtocalculatethetipbeforetheyaddthesalestax.Theydon’tknowthattheyneedtofirstfindouttheanswerorfindouttheamountofmoneytheyhavetopaybeforetheyaddthesalestax.NowtherearesomerestaurantsinAmericathatyoucangotowhereyoudon’tneedtoleaveatip.Arestaurant...arestaurantthatwouldbeconsideredafast-foodrestaurant,youdon’tneedtoleaveatipthere.Butifyou’regoingtoarestaurantandsittingdownatatableandamanorwomancomesupandservesyou,thatiswhenyouwouldwanttoleaveatip.AndEsther,thereareothercasesinAmericawhereyouneedtoleavetipsforthings.Could lusaboutacoupleofthose?Isurecan.Forexample,ifyoutakeataxiintheUnitedStates,thenyouwillneedtoaddatip,givethedriveratip,butyoudon’tneedtopayasalestax.Also,ifyougetyourhaircut,thenyou...youwillgiveyourhairdresseratip.Butwillyougiveyourhairdresserasalestip?Youdon’tneedtogiveyourhairdressersalestax,butjustatiptoshowthatyouarepoliteandyouappreciateherservice.Right.Soremember,whenyougotoAmerica,youneedtobringextramoneyfromthesalestaxandalsototipthepeoplewhohelpyou.Let’stakeabreakrightnowandgototheChatRoom.AndIhopewecanlearnalittlebitmoreaboutsalestaxwhilewe’rethere.Stickaroundandwe’llseeyouinjustafew.Hi, etotheChatRoom.I’mVickie.AndI’mKen.Todaywehavethechancetochataboutsomethingthathasconfusedmeforalongtime.Oh,yeah?What’sthat,Ken?Tip.Inourlessontoday,Jacksayshewantedtotiptwentypercentbecausetheservicewassogood.Twentypercent.Thatseemsabithigh,doesn’tit?Notreally.Iftheserviceisreallygoodandifyou’rediningatanexpensiverestaurant,thehigherpercentagesareoftenexpected.Isee.Whataboutatfast-foodrestaurantsandcoffeehouses?DoIneedtotipatthoseces?No.Tipatfast-foodrestaurantsandcoffeehousessuchasStarbuckswherethere’snotableserviceisn’tnecessary.Evenwhenthere’satipjarsittingonthecounter?Right.Tipisoptionalifthere’satipjar.( ).SowhereelsedoIneedtotipinAmerica?Well,youshouldtipinho s.Uh,thatincludesthebellmenaswellastheroom nel.Anotherceyoushouldtipwouldbeinataxicab.Oh,that’sright.WhataboutwhenIgogetahaircut?DoIneedtotipthebarber?Yes,youshouldactuallytipforhairdressingintheUnitedStates.Andthatincludesbarbershopsandsalons.Andthere’sonemore right.Valets of away.StudioClassroomwillberighteback,everyone.MynameisSteve.You’rewatchingStudioClassroomWorldwide.WeareintheAmericanCultureCorner.Andwearediscussingtheeverunpopulartopicoftaxes.TheUnitedStatesdoesn’thavethehighesttaxesintheworld,butitcertainlygivesitspeopleplentyofopportunitiestopaytaxes.BeforewerevisitJackandLaura,let’slookatsomeWordBankvocabulary.Thefirstwordispropertyasin:Kevin’spropertyincludesahouse,abarnandagarage.Nextisgroceriesasin:Canyoubuysomegroceries?Wehavenofoodinthehouse.Finally,wehaveanidiom:notonyourlife.Ourexamplesentencereads:Didyoumisstheconcert?Notonyoulife!OK.We’reonpageeleven.Let’sfollowalongnowonlinefourteen.SalesTax.ConversationB.Doeseverystatehaveasalestax?Ithinkmostofthemdo.ButIknowafewstatesdon’t.Sohowdostatesgetmoneyiftheydon’thaveasalestax?Theyhaveastate taxorhighpropertytaxes.Oh.Soifastatehasasalestax,doyouhavetopayitoneverything?No.Manystatesdon’tchargesalestaxongroceriesorprescriptiondrugs.That’sgood.Sonexttime,let’ssavemoneyby life!(Music).Nowwe’recontinuingourconversationbetweenJackandLaura.Andthey’vejusthadagreatmeal,butitwasveryexpensivebecausetheyhadtopayforsalestaxandaddatipontopofwhattheyhadtopay.SoaswecometoConversationB,LaurahasanotherquestionforJack.Shesays:Doeseverystatehaveasalestax?Esther,doeseverystatehaveasalestax?No.Noteverystatehasasalestax.Infact,someofthestatesthatdon’thave salestaxareWashingtonandAlaska Nevada.Thereareotherones.Butifyougotothesestates,youwon’thavetopayasalestax.IlikeshopinthesestatesbecauseIfeellikeitsavesmealittlebitofmoneywhentheydon’thavetopaythatsalestax.JackrespondstoLaura’squestionbysaying:Ithinkmostofthemdo.ButIknowafewstatesdon’t.Andthat’swhatyoujustsharedwithus,Esther.Sothankyou.Lauracomesbackwithagoodquestionthough.WhatdoesLaraaskJacknext?Nowsheisverycurious.Becauseifsomestatesdohaveasalestaxandotherstatesdon’t,thenwheredidtheygetthemoney?Wheredidthesestatesgetmoneyiftheydon’thaveasalestax?AndwhatdoesJacksay?He lsLaurathattheyhaveastate etaxorhighpropertytaxes.Nowwe’vebeentalkingaboutsalestax.ButthereareothertypesoftaxesthatAmericanspayaswell.Oneofthose:astate etax.Youreisthemoneythatyoumade.Andsoifyou’reanAmerican,someofthatmoneyistakenoutofyourpaychecktogototheernment.Howabouthighpropertytaxes?What’sthatallabout,Esther?Well,yourpropertyisthethingsyouown.Andherethewordpropertyhastodowithlandorhouses.Soifyouownlandorifyouownhouses,thenyouhavetopaytaxontopofthesethings,yourproperty.Sothat’swhatwecallpropertytaxes.Youpaypropertytaxesforyourlandandhouse.Laurathensays:Oh.Soifastatehasasalestax,doyouhavetopayitoneverything?Doyouhavetopayitoneverything,Esther?Andtheanswerisno.Nowthisisaverygoodquestion,becauseifyou’retravelingtoAmericaorCanada,you’llneedtoaddasalestaxinalmosteverystateorprovince.Butyouwon’tneedtoaddasalestaxoneverything.Therearesomethingsyoudon’tneedtoaddasalestaxon.Forexample,ourarticlesays,manystatesdon’tchargesalestaxongroceriesorprescriptiondrugs.groceries.Thoseareitemsorfoodthatyoubuyinagrocerystore.Groceriescanbemilkorbreadoreegsorrice.Youprobablywillnotbetaxedwhenyoubuyyourgroceries.Yes.Andyouoftenwillgotothesupermarkettobuygroceries.Nowyouwillalsomightnothavetopayasalestaxonprescriptiondrugs.Nowprescriptiondrugsisnotjustdrugsyoubuyatthesupermarketorpharmacy.They’redrugsthatyourdoctorwillneedtoprescribeorgivetoyou.NowChelsea,canyouluswhenaretimesdoctorswillprescribeoraskyoutonotgetyourdrugoverthecounter,becausetheywillgiveyouaprescriptiondrug?Usually,Esther,it’sformoreserioussicknessesormoreseriousillnesses,somethinglikeadisease,likediabetes.Orcancerwouldrequireaprescriptiondrug.IknowanytimeIhavegonetothedoctor,Ihaveusuallycomeawaywithseveralprescriptions.SometimesifIhaveaverysorethroat,Ireceiveaprescription.ButthegoodnewsisthatIdonothavetopaysalestaxwhenIgotobuymyprescriptions.That’sright.Becauseyoudon’thavetopayasalestaxforeverything.Andifyougetaprescriptiondrug,thenitmeansthatyouhavetogotoaspecialce,adrugstoreorpharmacy,tobuyit.Youcan’tgoandbuyitonyourown.Youneedyoudoctor’sorder,yourprescription.Solet’sreview.Youprobablywillbepayingsalestaxanytimeyougotoarestaurantorbuygoodsorservicessuchasifyougoshop.Butyoudon’tneedtopaysalestaxonthingslikegroceriesandprescriptiondrugs.Andineverystate,it’sdifferent.Insomestates,youhavetopaymoresalestaxthanotherstates.Sobesuretocheckandfindouthowmuchyouhavetopay.Well,Lauraishappythatshedoesnothavetopaysalestaxonprescriptiondrugsorgroceries.AndthenJackcomesbackandsays:Sonexttime,let’ssavemoneybybuyingfoodatthestoreandcookingitourselves.Itdoesseemlikethatwouldsavemoneyifyoudon’thavetopaysalestaxongroceries.Right.Butthen,ofcourse,thatmeansthatLaurawillneedtospendprobablyalotoftimecooking.Sowhatdoesshesay?Shesays:Notonyourlife!Notonyourlife.Noway.There’snowaythatIwillwanttodothis.That’sright.Notonyourlifeisanidiomthatyoucanuseifyouwanttols