初中英语-数词详解及专项练习

基数词&序数词一、基数词1.1-10（one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten）2.11-19(eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen)3.两位数（非整数），十位数和个位数之间用连字符“-”。（21twenty-one；76seventy-six）4.两位数（整数），以ty结尾；（40forty；90ninety）4.三位数，在百位数和十位数之间用and连接。101ahundredandone；320threehundredandtwenty；648sixhundredandforty-eight5.百（hundred），千（thousand），百万（million），千万（billion）6.表示确切的百、千、百万时，不能用其复数形式；(400fourhundred，hundred不加s)表示成百、成千时，用其复数形式；(成百hundredsof;成千thousandsof)7.表示“人的不确切岁数”，用几十的复数形式；Hebecameaprofessorinhisthirties.（他在三十多岁成为教授。）8.表示年代时，用几十的复数形式；Itwasin1960s.（那是在20世纪60年代。）二、序数词1、英语的序数词基本变法：(1)1-19：一般在基数词后加th特殊情况：onefirst;twosecond;threethird;eighteighth;nineninth;-ve结尾的改ve为f加th；（如fivefifth；twelvetwelfth）(2)两位数（整数），改y为-ie，加th；(如twentytwentieth；thirtythirtieth)（3）两位数/多位数（非整数），仅个位数部分用序数词。（如：thirty-sixth,fiftythird,onehundredandtwenty-first）2.缩写形式：阿拉伯数字+序数词末尾两个字母（只有1st,2nd,3rd为特殊形式，其他都是阿拉伯数字+th）first1st；second2nd;twentieth20th;twenty-third23rd三、基数词/序数词用法辨别1.基数词也可以表示顺序，要将基数词放在名词之后。thefirstLessonLessonOne/thefifthPage52.(1)序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,ThisisthefourthtimeIcomehere.这是我第四次来这儿。(2)加a/an时表示“再一、又一”We’vetrieditthreetimes.Mustwetryitafourthtime?我们已经试过三遍了，还必须再试一次（第四次）吗？四、时间的数词表示法1.表示时刻（1）整点用“o’clock”；（5:00读作fiveo’clock或five）（2）几点过几分，分钟+past+小时；（fivepastseven七点过五分；aquarterpasteight八点过一刻；halfpasteight八点半）几点差几分，分钟+to+小时；（tentoeight八点差十分； aquartertotwelve十二点差一刻）直接法：小时+分钟；（6:31读作sixthirty-one；10:26tentwenty-six）表示日期，用the加序数词表示，或用缩写形式12月1日:Dec.1st或thefirstofDecember；2002年11月8日:Nov.8th,2002.表示年份，用基数词表示2002读作twentythousandandtwo； 1976读作nineteenseventy-six表示年代，用the+年代+‘s/s在20世纪30年代：inthe1930’s或inthe1930s表示世纪，用the+序数词+century，或者the+整百+‘s/s20世纪：the20thcentury或the1900’s/the1900s五、分数/小数/百分数表示法1、分数表示法：基数词作分子，序数词作分母；分子是“1”时，序数词用单数；除此之外，序数词用复数1/3：onethird/athird；1/2：ahalf；1/4：onequarter；3/4：threefourths/threequarters；1：oneandahalf“半”的表达：一半ahalf；半小时→halfanhour；1.5小时→oneandahalfhours或onehourandahalf.3.当分数后接名词时，如果分数值大于1，名词用复数；小于1，名词用单数。oneandahalfhours一个半小时； twoandthreefourthsmeters2.75米小数：小数点左边合起来读，小数点右边的数字分开读，小数点读作point10.25tenpointtwofive/1.03onepointothree10.25tenpointtwofive/1.03onepointothree百分数：用基数词+percent表示综合练习一、单项选择题1.ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuilding________cheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.Thousand B.Thousands C.Thousandof D.ThousandsofTheteachersaidthat_________oftheboyswouldtakepartinthetalentshow.Threefive B.Threefives C.Thirdsfifths D.Threefifths4.Igotabeautifulbikeon________birthday.Ilikeitverymuch.A.Fifteenth B.Fifteen C.Myfifteen D.Myfifteenth5.ThisisMr.White’s_________visittoBeijing.Hehasbeentheretwicebefore.A.Two B.Second C.Three D.Third6.Now,everybody,pleaseturntoPage________andlookatthe________picture.A.Fifth;five B.Five;fifth C.Fifth;fifth D.Five;five7._______peoplewenttotheconcertwhichwasheldinPeople’sSquare_______thenightofMayDay.A.Thousandof;in B.Thousand;on C.Manythousand;in D.Thousandsof;on8.Ithink_________ofthematerialsIlistenedtoattheverybeginningoftheexam________easy.A.Threefourths;is B.Thirdfour;are C.Threefourth;are D.Threefourth;are9.About_________oftheworkersinthefactorywereborninthe__________.A.Two-thirds;1970 B.Two-thirds;1970sC.Two-third;1970 D.Two-third;1970s10.Bob,canyouwritethenumbersevenhundredandeightythousandandthirty-two?Yes.Itis____________.A.78032 B.7832 C.7032 D.78003211.Nine_________poundsaweek?A.hundredof B.hundredsof C.hundreds D.Hundred12.The____________monthoftheyearisFebruary.A.one B.first C.two D.Second13.Comeandseemein_________.Withpleasure.That’swhatI’mexpecting.A.Twoorthreedays’ B.Twoorthreeday’stimeC.Twoorthreedays’time二、阅读理解Somepeoplehaveaverypoorsenseofdirection.Unlucky,Iamoneofthem.IhavevisitedaplacemanytimesbutImaystillgetlosttherethenexttime.WhenIwasalittlegirl,Ineverdaredaskstrangerstheway.AndsoIusedtowalkroundincircleandhopethatbychanceIwouldgettotheplaceIwasgoingto.Now,Iamnolongertooshytoaskpeoplefordirections,butIoftenreceivehelplessorevenwronginformation.SoItrytoavoidgivingpeoplewrongdirections.Ifanyoneasksmethewaysomewhere,Iwouldsay,"sorry,Iamastrangerhere."OnceonmywaytoworkIwasstoppedbyaman.HeaskedmeifIcouldtellhimthewaytotheFriendshipBuildingWhenIjustgottomyoffice,thesecretaryshowedinthemanwhohadaskedmefordirections.ImaginehowembarrassedIwasandhowsurprisedhewaswhenwesaweachotheratthefirstsight!1.Thewriteralwaysrefusestogivepeopledirectionsbecause.A.she'sastrangetothecityB.shedoesn'tknowthepeopleC.shehasnotimetohelpothersD.she'safraidofgivingwrongdirections.2.Amanstoppedthewriteronthewayto.A.sellhersomethingB.askforthetimeC.makefriendswithherD.askforthedirections.3.TheFriendshipBuildingistheplacewherethewriter.livesB.studiesC.worksD.teaches4.Theword"embarrassed"inthelastparagraphmeans"".尴尬B.困惑C.激动D.拮据5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?ThewriteristooshytogiveothersdirectionsThewriterhasaverypoorsenseofdirectionsThewriternevergotlostwhenshewasyoung.Themanwasquitenervouswhenhesawthewriter.三、完型填空Manyparentswanttheirchildrentobefamousoneday.Butdochildrenhavethesame__1__?Anew__2__—Hi,Ke'aiisonatBeijingChildren'sArtTheatre.IttellsthestoryofaboycalledKe'ai.Hisparentswouldlikehimtobecomeapainterora_3___oneday.Theyteachhimto__4__andtoplaytheviolin,butKe'aidoesn'tenjoytheseactivities.ThenonedayKe'ai'sparentsseeLiuXiangwinagold___"__6__dotheywantmetobesomeoneelse?"Ke'aiasksandsays,"Ionlywanttobe__7__."Theplayshowsusthatitisgoodforparentstolearnto__8__theirchildren.Ithelpsparentstothinkaboutwh