某银行英语模拟试题

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Forhundredsofmillionsofyears,turtles(海龟)havestruggledoutoftheseatolaytheireggsonsandybeaches,longbeforetherewerenaturedocumentariestocelebratethem,orGPSsatellitesandmarinebiologiststotrackthem,orvolunteerstohand-carrythehatchlings(幼龟)downtothewater’sedgelesttheybecomedisorientedbyheadlightsandcrawltowardsamotelparkinglotinstead.AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines.Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.

ButNatureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness,andareportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles,notablyloggerheads,whichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds.TheSouthFloridanestingpopulation,thelargest,hasdeclinedby50%inthelastdecade,accordingtoElizabethGriffin,amarinebiologistwiththeenvironmentalgroupOceana.ThefigurespromptedOceanatopetitionthegovernmenttoupgradethelevelofprotectionfortheNorthAtlanticloggerheadsfrom“threatened”to“endangered”—meaningtheyareindangerofdisappearingwithoutadditionalhelp.

Whichraisestheobviousquestion:whatelsedotheseturtleswantfromus,anyway?Itturnsout,accordingtoGriffin,thatwhilewehavedoneagoodjobofprotectingtheturtlesfortheweekstheyspendonland(asegg-layingfemales,aseggsandashatchlings),wehaveneglectedtheyearsspendintheocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.

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Therearefewmoresoberingonlineactivitiesthanenteringdataintocollege-tuitioncalculatorsandgaspingastheWebspitsbackasix-figuresum.Buteconomistssayfamiliesabouttogointodebttofundfouryearsofpartying,aswellasstudying,canconsolethemselveswiththeknowledgethatcollegeisaninvestmentthat,unlikemanybankstocks,shouldyieldhugedividends.

A2021studybytwoHarvardeconomistsnotesthatthe“labor-marketpremiumtoskill”—ortheamountcollegegraduatesearnedthat’sgreaterthanwhathigh-schoolgraduateearned—decreasedformuchofthe20thcentury,buthascomebackwithavengeance(报复性地)sincethe1980s.In2005,Thetypicalfull-timeyear-roundU.S.workerwithafour-yearcollegedegreeearned$50,900,62%morethanthe$31,500earnedbyaworkerwithonlyahigh-schooldiploma.

There’snoquestionthatgoingtocollegeisasmarteconomicchoice.Butalookatthestrangevariationsintuitionrevealsthatthechoiceaboutwhichcollegetoattenddoesn’tcomedownmerelytodollarsandcents.DoesgoingtoColumbiaUniversity(tuition,roomandboard$49,260in2007-08)yielda40%greaterreturnthanattendingtheUniversityofColoradoatBoulderasanout-of-statestudent($35,542)?Probablynot.Doesbeinganout-of-statestudentattheUniversityofColoradoatBoulderyieldtwicetheamountofincomeasbeinganin-statestudent($17,380)there?Notlikely.

No,inthisconsumeristage,mostbuyersaren’tevaluatingcollegeasaninvestment,butratherasaconsumerproduct—likeacarorclothesorahouse.Andwithsuchpurchases,priceisonlyoneofmanycrucialfactorstoconsider.

Aswithautomobiles,consumersintoday’scollegemarketplacehavevastchoices,andpeoplesearchfortheonethatgivesthemthemostcomfortandsatisfactioninlinewiththeirbudgets.Thisaccountsforthewillingnessofpeopletopaymorefordifferenttypesofexperiences(suchasattendingaprivateliberal-artscollegeorgoingtoanout-of-statepublicschoolthathasagreatmarine-biologyprogram).Andjustastwoautopurchasersmightspendanequalamountofmoneyonverydifferentcars,collegestudents(or,moreaccurately,theirparents)oftenshowawillingnesstopayessentiallythesamepriceforvastlydifferentproducts.Sowhichisit?Iscollegeaninvestmentproductlikeastockoraconsumerproductlikeacar?Inkeepingwiththeautomotiveworld’shottestconsumertrend,maybeit’sbesttocharacterizeitasahybrid(混合动力汽车);anexpensiveconsumerproductthat,overtime,willpayrichdividends.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57.What’stheopinionofeconomistsaboutgoingtocollege?C

A)Hugeamountsofmoneyisbeingwastedoncampussocializing.

B)Itdoesn’tpaytorunintodebttoreceiveacollegeeducation.

C)Collegeeducationisrewardinginspiteofthestartlingcosts.

D)Goingtocollegedoesn’tnecessarilybringtheexpectedreturns.

58.ThetwoHarvardeconomistsnoteintheirstudythat,formuchofthe20thcentury,____D____.

A)enrollmentkeptdecreasinginvirtuallyallAmericancollegesanduniversities

B)thelabormarketpreferredhigh-schooltocollegegraduates

C)competitionforuniversityadmissionswasfarmorefiercethantoday

D)thegapbetweentheearningsofcollegeandhigh-schoolgraduatesnarrowed

59.Studentswhoattendanin-statecollegeoruniversitycan__A______.

A)savemoreontuition

B)receiveabettereducation

C)takemoreliberal-artscourses

D)avoidtravelinglongdistances

60.Inthisconsumeristage,mostparents____D____.

A)regardcollegeeducationasawiseinvestment

B)placeapremiumontheprestigeoftheCollege

C)thinkitcrucialtosendtheirchildrentocollege

D)considercollegeeducationaconsumerproduct

61.Whatisthechiefconsiderationwhenstudentschooseacollegetoday?B

A)Theiremploymentprospectsaftergraduation.

B)Asatisfyingexperiencewithintheirbudgets.

C)Itsfacilitiesandlearningenvironment.

D)Itsrankingamongsimilarinstitutions.PassageThreeQuestions66to70arebasedonthefollowingpassage.HowmanypeopleintheworldspeakEnglishasafirstanativelanguage?Exactinformationonthispointisnotavailable,butanestimateof230millioncannotbeverywideofthemark.Ofthese,145millionlivetheUnitedStates,alittlelessthan55millionintheUnitedKingdom,andsomethinglike30millionintheBritishdominionsandcolonialpossessions.ItisevenmoredifficulttoarriveatafigurerepresentingthosewhospeakEnglishasasecondorauxiliarylanguage.AreasonablyconservativeconclusionwouldthusplacethetotalnumberofspeakersofEnglishbetween300millionand325million,aboutoneseventhoftheworld’spopulation.

Ifonethinkssolelyintermsoftotalnumberofspeakers,itmustbeconcededthatsomeauthoritiesplaceChinese,thevariousIndiclanguages,andRussianaheadofEnglish,othersonlyChinese.BothChineseandIndic,however,aretermscoveringalargenumberofmutuallyunintelligibledialects;andthoughthenumberofspeakersoftheselanguagesmayseemimpressive,communicationwithinthelanguageismuchmorerestrictedthaninEnglish.Totalnumbers,moreover,constitutebutonephaseofthematter.Thefactorofgeographicaldistributionisequally,possiblyevenmore,significant.Englishisspokenasafirstornativelanguageonatleastfourcontinentsoftheworld,Russianontwo,ChineseandtheIndiclanguageonone,Englishiswithoutquestiontheclosestapproachtoaworldlanguagetoday.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatnotwopersonseverhaveanidenticalcommandoftheircommonlanguage.Certainlytheyhavenotpreciselythesamevocabulary.Thereareatleastminordifferencesinpronunciation:indeedthesameindividualwillnotpronouncehisvowelsandconsonantsinabsolutelyidenticalfashioneverytimeheuttersthem.Everyonepossessesinadditioncertainindividualtraitsofgrammaticalformandsyntacticalorder,constitutingthatpeculiarandpersonalqualityoflanguagewhichwetermstyle.Allofthisisimplicitinthewell-knownphrase,“Styleistheman”.Notwomenareidentical;notwostylesarethesame.Ifthisistrueofbuttwopersons,thepotentialofdifferenceresidentinalanguagespokenbymorethan200milliontrulystaggerstheimagination.

66.Accordingtotheauthoritcouldbesaidthat___B____.

[A]morepeoplespeakChinesedialectsthanEnglish

[B]morepeoplespeakEnglishasanauxiliarylanguagethanasafirstlanguage

[C]aboutoneseventhoftheworld’spopulationspeaksRussian

[D]morepeoplespeakEnglishintheUKthaninIreland

67.Theextractimpliesthat____A____.

[A]alittlelessthanhalfthenativeEnglishspeakersintheworldliveintheUnitedStates

[B]the55millioninhabitantsoftheBritishIslesspeaklikethe30millioninhabitantsoftheex-Britishdominionsandcolonies

[C]aboutonetenthofthetotalEnglish-speakingworldpopulationlivesinex-Britishdominionsandcolonies

[D]itwouldcertainlybeanunderestimatetosuppose230millionpeoplespeakingEnglishasanativelanguage

ThereasonwhyEnglishistheclosestapproachtoaworldlanguageisthat____A___.

[A]ChineseandIndiclanguagesaremutuallyunintelligible

[B]Chineseistoocomplextobeaworldlanguage

[C]Russianisonlyspokenontwocontinents

[D]therearemorenativespeakersofEnglishthanofanyotherlanguage

69.Accordingtotheauthorthefactthatthesameindividualwillnotpronouncehisvowelsandconsonantsidenticallyeverytimeshowsthat_____C___.

[A]everyonehastheirownliterarystyle

[B]mutualintelligibilityisamyth

[C]people’svocabulariesvary

[D]notwopeoplespeakthesamelanguageinexactlythesameway

70.Accordingtotheauthor,styleis____A____.

[A]significantwhenitcomestocomparingonlytwopeople

[B]aquestionofgrammaticalandsyntacticalcorrectness

[C]theparticularwayanindividualuseslanguage

[D]astrangetypeoflanguagePassageFourQuestions71to75arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Tenyearsago,PierreOmidyar,asoftwareengineerworkinginCalifornia’sSiliconValley,beganthinkingabouthowtousetheinternetforatradingsysteminwhichbuyersandsellerscouldestablishagenuinemarketprice.Overalongholidayweekendhewrotethecomputercode.Atfirst,atrickleofusersarrivedathiswebsite—includinghisgirlfriend,whotradedPEZcandydispensers.Bytheendof1995,severalthousandauctionshadbeencompletedandinterestineBaywasgrowing.Anditgrewandgrew.Fromthismodestbeginning,eBayhasbecomeaglobalgiant,witharound150mregisteredusersworldwidewhoaresettobuyandsellgoodsworthmorethan$40billionthisyear.TheremarkabletaleofeBay’sgrowthpointstosomeimportantlessonsforanybusinesstryingtooperateonline—andtodaythatincludes,onewayoranother,mostfirms.Thecommercialopportunitiespresentedbyanexpandingglobalwebseemalmostlimitless.Butthepaceofchangeisrapid,andsoistheferocityofcompetition.Tosucceed,firmsneedagility,anopenmindandtheabilitytoreinventthemselvesrepeatedly.Mostofall,theyneedtolistencarefullytotheircustomers,payingcloseattentiontowhattheydoanddon’twant.Suchqualities,ofcourse,wouldbevaluableinanykindofbusiness.Yetforonlinefirmstheyarenotaluxury,butnecessaryformeresurvival.Thisistrueforavarietyofreasons.Theinternetisnotonlygrowing,butchangingrapidly—which,inturn,changestherulesofthegameforanybusinessrelyingonit.Thebarrierstoentryarestilllowcomparedwiththoseformostofflinebusinesses,whichmeansthatjustkeepingtrackofyourexistingrivalsisnotenough.Thesemaynotrepresentthegreatestcompetitivethreattomorroworthenextday.Thatcouldcomefromanumberofdirections—afirminadifferenttypeofonlinebusiness;onethatdoesnotyetexist;orevenfromoneofyourowncustomers.Ontopofallthis,thebehaviorofmanyconsumersisconstantlychangingaswell,asindividualsdiscovernewwaystoshopandinteractwitheachotherviatheweb.Allthesefactorsmaketheinternetadangerousplacetodobusiness,aswellasonefullofpromise.eBay’shistorydemonstratesbothofthosethings.ItisprobablysafetosaythatnothinglikeeBaycouldhaveexistedwithouttheinternet—orcouldhavegrownsofast.Eventhoughtherehavebeensignsofthefirm’sblisteringpaceslowingabitinAmerica,itsmost“mature”market,thereremainvastopportunitiesoverseas,particularly,someargue,inChina.MegWhitman,eBay’schiefexecutive,believesthecompanyisstillonlyatthebeginningofwhatitcouldachieve.71.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?C［A］TointroducethefounderofeBayandhisgirlfriend.［B］Todemonstratehowcleverthefou