第一讲考试介绍并列结构名词化技巧

IELTS

WRITINGLesson

1Jack课堂特点和要求雅思写作考试介绍雅思写作的句型扩展方法写作中的名词化标点符号和衔接词独角戏小组讨论头脑风暴OR多练习真题题目修改习作总结错误，对弱项进行针对性强化练习雅思写作20全球各考区总体情况（截至2010年）21全球各考区总体情况（截至2011年）2223242526271.小作文（20’00’’）150

words

at

least2.大作文（40’00’’)250

words

at

leastOrganise,

present

andpossibly

compare

dataDescribe

the stages

of

aprocessDescribe

an

object

or

eventExplain

how

something

works1.分值占作文部分总分值的1/3，所用时间直接影响到Task2的写作时间和临场发挥。2.论文写作和答辩&工作1.Task

Achievement任务完成2.Coherence

and

Cohesion连贯衔接3.Lexical

Resource词汇量4.

Grammatical

Range

and

Accuracy语法准确性双边题Discuss

both

viewsand

giveyour

ownopinion单边题To

what

extent

do

you

agreeor

disagree?说明文What

are

the

causes

and

what

solutionscan

you

give?另类report:These

days,

many

people

living

in

big

cities

donot

go

to

museums

with

objects

of

historical,artistic

and

cultural

value.What

are

the

causes?How

is

it

important

to

society?(2012.12.15)1.Science

and

technology2.Education3.Life

and

Occupation4.Media5.Environment6.Language

and

Culture7.Tourism8.Arts

and

Sports9.Social

problems10.GovernmentPresent

a

solution

to

a

problemPresent

and

justify

an

opinionCompare

and

contrast

evidenceand

opinions1.TaskResponse2.

Coherence

and

Cohesion3.

Lexical

Resource4.

Grammatical

Range

and

AccuracyDo

you

answer

the

question

directly

or

doyou

talk

about

something

else

instead?Does

your

writing

make

sense?Is

your

essay

logically

organized

at

thesentence,

paragraph

and

whole

text

level?Do

you

use

a

wide

range

of

vocabularyaccurately

and

appropriately?Do

you

spell

correctly?Do

you

use

many

different

sentencestructures

or

do

you

always

use

thesameones?How

often

do

you

make

mistakeswithyour

grammar?不要背单词不要脱离语境背单词不要背范文背句子背模板句背课外阅读的句子Why

IELTS?Why

IELTS

writing?What:

they

just

follow

what

the

teacher

tells

them

to

do(task-oriented)How:

they

try

to

find

out

the

most

suitable

learningstyle

in

their

own

way

(solution-oriented)Why:

they

do

everything

by

asking

themselves

“whyam

I

doing

it?”(goal-oriented)ParagraphSentenceWordEssayA

tool

boxVocabularyGrammarParagraphWriting复杂句意简单化简单句意英语化简单英语复杂化中-------中中-------英英英我对雅思考试胸有成竹。我对雅思考试很有信心。I

am

confident

about

IELTS.I

am

very/quite

confident

about

IELTS.I

feel

fairly/reasonably

confident

about

IELTS.I

have

an

absolute

conviction

that

I

will

passIELTS.I

have

an

absolute

conviction

that

I

will

pass

IELTSwith

minimum

effort.I

have

an

absolute

conviction

that

I

will

passIELTS

as

easy

as

falling

off

the

log.I

have

an

absolute

conviction

that

I

will

passIELTS

this

year just

as

easy

as

falling

offthe

log.I

have

an

absolute

conviction

these

days

thatI

will

pass

IELTS

this

year

just

as

easy

asfalling

off

the

log

with

the

great

help

ofJack,

who

is

one

of

the

best

teachers

Ihave

ever

seen

in

my

life.Food

can

be

produced

cheaper

ifwe

use

improved

fertilisersHowever,

some

of

methods

maybe

dangerous

for

human

healthand

have

negative

effects

on

localcommunities.

What

is

youropinion?主题句使用化肥对人体有害。Using

fertilizers

may

damage

people’s

health.支持句研究显示很多疾病都是食物中化学物质含量过多导致的。Researches

have

shown

that

many

diseases

arecaused

by

too

much

chemical

substance

in

thefood.Using

fertilizers

may

damagepeople’s

health.

Researches

haveshown

that

many

diseases

arecaused

by

too

much

chemicalsubstance

in

the

food.22wordsIt

has

been

acknowledged

by

most

people

thatusing

fertilizers

may

damage

people’s

healthbecause

a

number

of

researches

conducted

bysome

American

scientists

of

authority

recentlyhave

shown

that

many

diseases

which

are

quitecommon

are

actually

caused

by

too

muchchemical

substance

observed

in

the

food

weconsume

every

day.52

wordsHis

responses

helped

avert

a

Depression.His

responses—

an

aggressive

stimulus

—helpedavert

a

Depression.His

responses—an

aggressive

stimulus,

bailing

outGeneral

Motors

and

Chrysler,

putting

the

banksthrough

a

sensible

stress

test

and

forcing

them

toraise

capital

—helped

avert

a

Depression.His

responses—an

aggressive

stimulus,bailing

out

General

Motors

and

Chrysler,putting

the

banks

through

a

sensiblestress

test

and

forcing

them

to

raisecapital

(so

that

they

are

now

in

muchbetter

shape

than

their

European

peers)—helped

avert

a

Depression.添加副词、形容词、分词（现在分词和过去分词）添加介词结构（伴随状语、方式状语）添加并列结构:X

and

Y添加插入语添加从句（定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句等）变换句型（简单句 复合句&复杂句）名词化Nominalization

is

one

of

themost

remarkable

features

offormal

English

writingstyle.句子的三六九等考官眼中的句子从句型和用词的角度一般分为3个档次:最底层的是主动句较好的是被动句倒装句强调句…最好的nominalization的句子，这样的句子最有学术范儿最适合写论文和应试写作Nominalization

in

English1.单词发生变化(with

a

derivational

suffix)2.单词不发生变化(zero

derivation)Nominalization

in

English1.单词发生变化(with

a

derivational

suffix)The

government

intends

to

cut

tax

on

middle

class.The

intention

of

the

government

is

to

cut

tax

onmiddle

class.adjectives----nounsapplicablecarelessdifficultintenseapplicabilitycarelessnessdifficultyintensityverbs----nounsfailnominalizeinvestigatemovereactrefusediscoverfailurenominalizationinvestigationmovementreaction

refusaldiscoveryNominalization

in

English2.

单词无变化(zero

derivation)ChangeI

need

a

change.I

need

to

change.hope,

charge,

result,

answer,

repair,return单词读音的变化—词性变化Our

plan

must

progress

nicely.Progress

is

important.Please

use

your

fork!The

use

of

drugs

is

dangerous.注意名词化有时会使句子显得冗长繁琐晦涩难懂所以：使用有度名词化的常用情况1.

名词化的部分是谓语动词的宾语原句：I

do

not

understand

either

what

shemeant

or

what

he

intends.名词化：I

do

not

understand

either

her

meaningor

his

intention.名词化常用情况2.把名词化和被动结合起来原句：If

people

decide

without

enoughpersuasive

information,名词化：If

a

decision

is

made

withoutenough

persuasive

information,名词化常用情况3.名词化部分用在there

is/are的后面原句：We

demand

that

the

government

stoptaxing

entertainment.名词化：There

is

a

demand

for

an

end

totaxation

on

entertainment.Terminateterminator名词化使用练习As

long

as

teachers

and

parents

communicatefrequently

and

directly,

parents

can

be

ensured

tohave

a

general

understanding

of

the

progress

oftheir

children.Direct

and

frequent

communication

betweenparents

and

teachers

can

ensure

the

parents

ageneral

understanding

of

the

progress

of

theirchildren.Importanceof

punctuation中国考生出现频率最高的标点符号错误是？？句号写得像逗号甚至到了看不清和看不见的地步“行路人等不得在此小便。”“行路人，等不得，在此小便。”上联：酿酒缸缸好造醋坛坛酸；下联：养猪大如山老鼠头头死。横批：人多病少发财。酿酒缸缸好造醋、坛坛酸；养猪大如山老鼠、头头死。横批：人多病、少发财。Importance

of

punctuationWoman

without

her

man

is

nothing.Woman,

without

her

man,

is

nothing.Woman,

without

her,

man

is

nothing.作文中偶尔使用分号In

conclusion,

the

main

purpose

ofuniversities

should

be

teachingtheoretical

knowledge;

however,

theimportance

of

work-related

skills

alsodeserve

some

more

attention

fromschool

authorities.However

前后都要加逗号吗？When

people

are

faced

with

such

problems,however,

it

requires

more

wisdom

andcourage

to

address

them.When

conjunctive

adverbs

occur

within

anindependent

clause,

however,

they

areenclosed

in

a

pair

of

commas.Transitions

and

Connectors1.Causeandeffectcause:because,

as,

since,

due

to,

owing

toeffect:hence,

thus,

therefore,

as

a

consequence,accordingly,

as

a

result,consequently1.CauseandeffectE.g.

The

ecological

problems

are

beingaggravated.

Hence,

it

is

imperative

thatwe

take

measures

to

curbenvironmentpollution.2.

Exemplification...is

a

case

in

point.Take

...forexample,For

instance,Toillustrare,As

an

illustration,2.

ExemplificationE.g.

The

Asian

countries

are

gettingwesternized

at

a

staggering

rate.

TakeChina

for

example,

when

young

people

goto

the

cinema,

they

will

choose

Hollywoodblockbuster

over

domestic

films.3.

Comparisonandcontrastwhile,

whereas,

whilst,

in

contrast,

onthe

contraryE.g.

Whereas

modern

people

are

sorushed

and

stressed,

our

ancestorscould

perform

their

business

in

arelaxed

manner.4.

Concessiondespite,

in

spite

of,

albeit,

adj.+as

it

may

be,nontheless,

nevertheless,Tough

as

it

may

be

to

get

accustumed

to

anew

culture,

it

will

prove

very

rewarding.5.

DefinitionA

is

characterizedby...A

constitutes...A

consistsof...E.g.

Animal

experimentation,

in

somecases,

constitutes

callous

abuse

of

testanimals.6.

Suppositionprovided

that...given

the

choic