河北省黄冈市2014高考英语阅读理解考前自选练习（12）及答案

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精河北省黄冈市2014高考英语阅读理解考前自选练习（12）及答案阅读理解（2013·陕西,C)Accordingtosociologists（社会学家）,everymodernindustrialsocietyhassomeformofsocialstratification（阶层）。Class,powerandstatusareimportantindecidingpeople'srankinsociety。Classmeansaperson’seconomicpositioninsociety。Acommonlyusedclassificationislowerclass，middleclassandupperclass。Whilesociologistsdisagreeonhowthesetermsshouldbeexactlydefined,theydodescribesocietiesliketheUnitedStatesquitewell.Onestudyshowsthat53%ofAmericansbelongtothelowerclass,46%themiddleclass,and1％theupperclass。Interestingly，asurgeonearning$500,000ayearandabusdriverearning＄50,000ayearbothregardthemselvesasthemiddleclass!Powerreferstotheamountofcontrolapersonhasoverotherpeople。Obviously，peopleinpositionsofgreatpower(suchasgovernors)exercise(行使）bigpower，butpeoplewhotakeordersfromothershavelesspower.Powerandclassdonotalwaysgohandinhand,however。Forexample,thegovernorofastatehasgreatpower,butheorshemaynotbelongtoacorresponding（相应的)economicclass。Generally，however,thereisarelationshipbetweenpowerandclass.Toourknowledge，therearen'ttoomanypeoplewhoaren’tmillionairesintheU．S。Senate!Statusisthehonororrespectattachedtoaperson’spositioninsociety.Itcanalsobeaffectedbypowerandclass,butnotnecessarilyso.Forexample，auniversityprofessormayhaveahighstatusbutnotbelongtoahighsocialclassorhavealotofpoweroverothers.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，阐明了阶级、权力、地位的定义以及三者之间的关系。13．Whatcanwelearnabout“themiddleclass"fromParagraph2？A．Peopleearning＄50，000ayearbelongtothemiddleclass.B．NearlyhalfAmericansbelongtothemiddleclass.C．Peoplegenerallyconsiderbusdriversasthemiddleclass.D．Sociologistshaveacleardefinitionofthemiddleclass.答案：B细节理解题。由第二段第四句话可知美国中产阶级占46％，差不多一半,故B项正确。由第五句话“有趣的是年收入五十万美元的外科医生和五万美元的公交车司机都自认为是中产阶级”，是“自认为”，所以AC项都不对.由第三句话可知D项错误。14．Accordingtothetext,weknowthat________。A．powerandclassdonotalwayscorrespondwitheachotherB．statusreferstoaperson’seconomicpositioninsocietyC．peoplewithhighstatushavealotofcontroloverothersD．classislessimportantindecidingaperson’ssocialrank答案：A细节理解题。由第三段第三句话Powerandclassdonotalwaysgohandinhand,可知A项正确。由第四段第一句话可知B项错误；由第四段最后一句话可知C项错误；由第一段第二句话可知D项错误.15．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthewholetext?答案:A语篇结构题.第一段总体介绍阶级、权力、地位在确定一个人的社会等级方面都很重要，第二三四段分别说明了阶级、权力、和地位,采用了总分结构。故选A项。阅读理解---—-ANOTallmemoriesaresweet。Somepeoplespendalltheirlivestryingtoforgetbadexperiences.Violenceandtrafficaccidentscanleavepeoplewithterriblephysicalandemotionalscars。Oftentheyrelivetheseexperiences。NowAmericanresearchersthinktheyareclosetodevelopingapill,whichwillhelppeopleforgetbadmemories。Thepillisdesignedtobetakenimmediatelyafterafrighteningexperience.Theyhopeitmightreduce，orpossiblyerase(抹去）,theeffectofpainfulmemories。InNovember，expertstestedadrugonpeopleintheUSandFrance。Thedrugstopsthebodyreleasingchemicalsthatfixmemoriesinthebrain.Sofartheresearchhassuggestedthatonlytheemotionaleffectsofmemoriesmaybereduced,notthatthememoriesareerased。Theresearchhascausedagreatdealofargument.Somethinkitisabadidea,whileotherssupportit.Supporterssayitcouldleadtopillsthatpreventortreatsoldiers’troublingmemoriesafterwar.Theysaythattherearemanypeoplewhosufferfromterriblememories。"Somememoriescanruinpeople’slives。Theycomebacktoyouwhenyoudon'twanttohavetheminadaydreamornightmare。Theyusuallycomewithverypainfulemotions，”saidRogerPitman,aprofessorofpsychiatryatHarvardMedicalSchoolButthosewhoareagainsttheresearchsaythatchangingmemoriesisverydangerousbecausememoriesgiveusouridentity(特质）。Theyalsohelpusallavoidthemistakesofthepast。”Allofuscanthinkofbadeventsinourlivesthatwerehorribleatthetimebutmakeuswhoweare.I’mnotsurewewanttowipethosememoriesout,”saidRebeccaDresser，amedicalethicist(论理学家）.Somepeoplefearthatalthoughthedrugwouldfirstbeuesedinonlyveryseriouscases，itwouldbecomemoreandmorecommon。“Peoplealwayshavetheabilitytomisusescience,”saidJosephLeDoux，aNewYorkUniversitymemoryresearcher.”1。What’sthemainideaofthispassage?APeopleoftensufferfrombadmemories.BAmericanresearchersaretryingtodevelopapill。CForgetbadmemories,andbehappy。DTheresearhhascausedaheatedargument。答案解析：答案为D。本题为主旨大意题。第一段引出话题人们想忘记痛苦的回忆，第二、三段介绍科学家研究可以消除痛苦回忆的药物，该研究引起了人们的激烈争论，有人支持,有人反对，文章的重心着重于人们的争论，文章的大意就是“研究引起了激烈的争论”.故答案为D.2。Theunderlindedword“it“inPara4refersto_______AthenewdrugBtheresearchintothedrugCthebadmemoryDthechemicaldrug答案解析:答案为B。本题为词义推理题.结合划线的“it"出现的语境“Theresearchhascausedagreatdealofargument.Somethinkitisabadidea，whileotherssupportit。”可以推断，“it"指代的是“theresearch”，再结合前面第二、三段的内容可知，“it”指代的是对药物的研究，故答案为B。3。WhichoftheopinionsisNOTtheopinionofthesupporters?AThepillcaneraseallthememoriesofthepastBSomememoriescanruinpeople’slives.Thepillcanrelieveemotionalsuffering。CThepillcanalsohelpmanyothertypesofpeoplewhosufferfromterriblememories.DThepillcanpreventortreattroublingmemoriesinsoldiersafterwar.答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由第四段“Supporterssayitcouldleadtopillsthatpreventortreatsoldiers’troublingmemoriesafterwar.Theysaythattherearemanypeoplewhosufferfromterriblememories."和第五段“Somememoriescanruinpeople'slives.Theycomebacktoyouwhenyoudon’twanttohavetheminadaydreamornightmare.Theyusuallycomewithverypainfulemotions,”可知，B、C、D选项是支持者的意见。A选项“药物可以抹去所有过去的回忆”表达有误.故答案为A。4。Whichoftheopinionisnottheopinionoftheopponents？AOurmemoriesgiveusouridentity。BThememorieshelphumanavoidmistakesofthepast.CThedrugshouldbeusedinonlyveryseriouscases。DPeoplemaynotbesurewhethertheywanttowipethememoriesout.答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。由第六、七段可知,A、B、D选项都是反对者的意见。由最后一段首句“Somepeoplefearthatalthoughthedrugwouldfirstbeuesedinonlyveryseriouscases…"可知，C选项是文中的一个事实,不是反对者的意见，故答案为C。阅读理解---—-BMaggiewasverygladthatJameswasnotafrequentvisitortothehouse。Sofarasthechildrenwereconcerned，theyhadamysteryabouthimthatstirredtheirimagination.HestirredMaggie’sanger，however,sothatsheoftensaidtoherhusband,“It’smercythatbrotherofyoursdoesn’tcomeoften。”InfactJamescameonceayear,unexpectedly,aroundeighto’clockintheevening,andhestayedforsixhoursofclosediscussionwithhisbrother.Hisarrivalwasasignaltothechildrenthattheirbedtimewouldbedelayed。Notthatheeverspoketothemorplayedwiththem。Hetooknonoticeofthem,asifhewasunabletoseechildren，atleastuntilthetimecameforhimtogo.Instead,afterhisfirstgreetingandacarelesskiss,JamestooknonoticeofMaggieeither，excepttoadd，“You’llbegettingonwiththesupper，Maggie.”Suchwashisregardforher.Maggiepaidhimbackinherownway.Shekeptthechildrenup,thefourofthem，tokeephercompany，shesaid，butofcoursetheysangandmadeanoiseandbroketheendlesssoundofJames’svoice。Verylate，theydroppedofftosleepintheirchairs。Then，whenJameswasabouttogo，Maggiewokethemupandsomoreorlessforcedhimtopartwithfourshillingsbeforeheleft.Thatgavehersomesatisfaction,forJames,thoughrich,wasmean。Healwayswenthomebythelasttrain,justaftertwoo’clock。Maggie’schildrensecretlystaredattheiruncle.Theycouldnotforgetthathehad，intheirmother’swords,“losttwowivesandtakenathird，”Theywonderedaboutthosetwounfortunatelostladies.Theyaskedeachotherwhattheirfatehadbeen，andifneithercouldeverbefoundagain.Jamesneverbroughthisthirdwifewithhimnorevermentionedher。Thechildrendecidedthathemustbesofrightenedoflosingherthatheneverallowedheroutsidethedoor。1。Theunderlinedword“mercy"inthetextmostprobablymeans_______。A。loss

B.wonderC。luckything

D。terriblething答案解析：答案为C。本题为词义猜测题。由第一段的内容可知，Maggie非常高兴James不常来她家，James的到来只会让Maggie生气，于是她对她丈夫说:“你的弟弟不常来真是一件不错的事情。”故“mercy”意思就是“luckything(幸运事）”。故答案为C。2。MaggieneverpreparedanythingspecialforJamesbecause_______.A。hewasamandifficulttopleaseB.sheneverknewwhenhewascomingC.shewastoobusylookingafterherchildrenD.heneverstayedlongenoughforameal答案解析:答案为B。本题为推理题.文中虽没有提及Maggie从不为James准备特别的东西，但是可以根据文中第二段首句“InfactJamescameonceayear,unexpectedly,aroundeighto’clockintheevening…”推断，James一年只来一次，而且是没有预料地到来，所以Maggie从不为James准备特别的东西。故答案为B。3。WhatdoweknowaboutJames’behavior？A。Hewasakindman，withloveforthefamily。B。Hewasgenerous,especiallytowardshisbrother.C.Hewasanxioustopleasethefamily,especiallythekids。D。Hewasrudetohissister—in—law.答案解析:答案为D。本题为推理题。由第二段后面的内容“Instead，afterhisfirstgreetingandacarelesskiss，JamestooknonoticeofMaggieeither,excepttoadd,“You’llbegettingonwiththesupper,Maggie."Suchwashisregardforher.”可知James不注意Maggie，除了说一句问候的话，可以推断，他对他的嫂子非常粗鲁，故答案为D。4。Maggiefeltpleasedwhen_______。A。shepaidJamesthemoneythatsheowedhimB.JamesgavesomemoneytothechildrenC。shehadtowakeJamesuptocatchhistrainD.Jamesthankedherforthenicesupper答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题.由第三段“Then，whenJameswasabouttogo，Maggiewokethemupandsomoreorlessforcedhimtopartwithfourshillingsbeforeheleft.Thatgavehersomesatisfaction,forJames,thoughrich，wasmean.”可知，当James要离开的时候，Maggie把孩子们唤醒，或多或少地逼James给四个先令的钱孩子们，这才让她感到些许满意，因为James虽然有钱但是非常小气。故答案为B。5.ThechildrendidnotrealizethattwoofJames’wives_______。A。hadbeendead

B.sufferedfromlossofmemoryC.hadrunawayfromhim

D.mightappearagainoneday答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推理题。由最后一段“Maggie’schildrensecretlystaredattheiruncle.Theycouldnotforgetthathehad,intheirmother’swords,“losttwowivesandtakenathird，”Theywonderedaboutthosetwounfortunatelostladies.Theyaskedeachotherwhattheirfatehadbeen，andifneithercouldeverbefoundagain.”可知，Maggie对孩子们说James失去了两位妻子，又娶了第三个,但是孩子们却想知道那两位不幸的妻子，他们彼此讨论两位妻子的命运是怎样的，是不是都找不到了。可以推断，孩子们并不知道James的两位妻子已经死去。故答案为A。（2013·北京，A)EPPortableHeaterWeallknowthatthecostofheatingourhomeswillcontinuetobeasignificantburdenonthefamilybudget.NowmillionsofpeoplearesavingontheirheatingbillswiththeEPportableheater.Withoveronemillionsatisfiedcustomersaroundtheworld，thenewEPheatsbetterandfaster,savesmoreonheatingbills,andrunsalmostsilent.TheEPhasnoexposedheatingpartsthatcancauseafire.TheoutsideoftheEPonlygetswarmtothetouchsothatitwillnotburnchildrenorpets。TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.Withotherheaters,you'llnoticethatyougetsleepywhentheheatcomesonbecausetheyareburningupoxygen。TheadvancedEPalsoheatstheroomevenly，_walltowallandfloortoceiling。Itcomfortablycoversanareaupto350squarefeet.Otherheatersheatroomsunevenlywithmostoftheheatconcentratedtothecenteroftheroom。Andtheyonlyheatanareaafewfeetaroundtheheater.WiththeEP,thetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom.TheEPcomeswitha3yearwarranty（保修）anda60day,noquestionsasked，satisfactionguarantee。Ifyouarenottotallysatisfied，returnitatourexpenseandyourmoneywillbegivenbacktoyou.Nowwehaveaspecialofferfor10days