2023年考研考博考博英语中国传媒大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案

2023年考研考博考博英语中国传媒大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Childrenare（）tohavesomeaccidentsastheygrowup.问题1选项A.obviousB.boundC.indispensableD.doubtless2.单选题Anambulancemusthavepriorityasitusuallyhastodealwithsomekindof（）.问题1选项A.crisisB.urgencyC.emergencyD.emergence3.单选题Adynamiceconomyisfoundedonthe（）ofentrepreneurs,whichisrewardedbyprofit.问题1选项A.perspirationB.desperationC.respirationD.aspiration4.单选题Thesystemhasbeendesignedtogivestudentsquickandeasy（）tothedigitalresourcesofthelibrary.问题1选项A.acquaintanceB.accuracyC.accessD.acquisition5.单选题Becauseofa（）intheskirt,thegirlwasabletobuyitathalfprice.问题1选项A.weaknessB.faultC.flawD.strip6.单选题Withapopulationof320,000-justonetenththatoftheBeijingdistrictwhereitkeepsitsembassytoChina-IcelandhasrecentlybecomeanobjectofinordinateinteresttoChinesepolicymakers.Thetwonationssignedafree-tradeagreementonApril15th,China'sfirstwithanyEuropeannation.ButwiththeinherentlytinypotentialofIceland’smarket,andthelackofanyroundaboutlow-tariffaccesstootherEuropeanmarketsthroughthisdeal,tradealonecannotaccountforChina'sinfatuationwithIceland.ThemorelikelyattractionforChinaisaccesstoimprovingshippingroutesthroughtheArcticasthatregionwarmsduetoclimatecharge.Lastmonth,oneofChina'stopexpertsonpolarpolicypredictedthat,by2020,asmuchas15%ofhiscountry’stradewouldmovethroughtheArctic'sNorthernSeaRoute.Evenifthatestimateisexaggerated,thereisnoreasontodoubtthatcontinuedshrinkingofArcticicecoverwillenhancethearea’simportance.LikeSouthKoreaandJapan,ChinahopesnextmonthtobeapprovedforpermanentobserverstatusontheArcticCouncil,aneight-memberintergovernmentalbodythatseekstoco-ordinatepolicyforthearea.Butodd-lookingeffortbyaChinesedevelopertobuildan"eco-golfcourse"andluxuryresortona300squarekmtractinIceland’sdesolatenorth-eastcomeralsoarousedsuspicionsaboutChina'sstrategicintentionsintheregion.ThelogicbehindtheproposaltocreateahavenofsolitudeandcleanairforwealthyChinesevisitorsfailedtoconvinceIcelandicofficials,whodidnotagreetowaiverestrictionsagainstforeignownershipofland.Thenewtradeagreement,signedduringafive-dayvisittoChinabyIceland’sprimeminister,JohannaSigurdardottir,willresultinthewaiverincomingyearsofmosttariffs,inthetwocountries'bilateraltrade,whichlastyearroseto$424m,byIceland’sreckoning.ButforChina,theabilitytoimportmoreIcelandicfishwithlowertariffdutieswouldseemtopaleincomparisontotheimportanceofenhancingitsinfluenceintheregion.AccordingtoAnne-MarieBrady,anexpertatNewZealand’sUniversityofCanterbury,currentarrangementsleaveChinashutoutofmultilateraldecision-makingaboutthechangingArcticenvironment.Thedesiretohaveagreatersay,andassertitslegitimateinterestsintheregion,sherecentlywrote,isbehindacuriousnewbitofofficialphraseology.China’sownexpertshavetakentocallingita"nearArcticstate."1.WhatisthepopulationofBeijingaccordingtothetext?2.WhyisitimportantforChinatoimproveshippingroutesthroughtheArctic?3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapermanentobserverstateoftheArcticCouncil?4.Accordingtothetext,thephrase"nearArcticstate”indicatesthat（）.5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext？问题1选项A.32,000B.3,200,000C.32,000,000D.Noneoftheabove.问题2选项A.BecausetheArcticicecoveriscontinuingshrinking.B.Becauseasmuchas15%ofthetradesinChinawouldmovethroughtheArctic’sNorthernSeaRouteby2020.C.BecauseChinesedeveloperstendtobuild"eco-golfcourses'andluxuryresortsinIceland.D.BecauseIcelandicofficialsdonotagreetowaiverestrictionsagainstforeignownershipofland.问题3选项A.Netherlands.B.SouthKorea.C.UnitedKingdom.D.Spain.问题4选项A.ChinaisacountrylocatednearArcticstate.B.ChinaisnowinfatuatedwithIceland.C.ChinaiswillingtoenhancingitsinfluenceintheArcticregion.D.Chinaistakingpartinthedecision-makingaboutthechangingArcticenvironment.问题5选项A.ChinaprefersimportingmoreIcelandicfishwithlowertariffdutiesratherthanenhancingitsinfluenceintheregion.B.Icelandisthefirstcountrytosignafree-tradeagreementwithChina.C.TheArcticCouncilisanintergovernmentalbodywitheightmembersthatseekstoco-ordinatepolicyforthearea.D.Thenewtradeagreementwillresultinthewaiverincomingyearsoftariffsinthetwocountries’bilateraltrade.7.单选题DuringtheWorldWarIImanyfamousscientistssoughtandreceivedpolitical（）intheUnitedStates.问题1选项A.influenceB.persecutionC.shelterD.oppression8.单选题Theshipwas（）inastormoffJamaica.问题1选项A.ownedB.sunkC.wreckedD.submitted9.翻译题SherryTurkleofMIT:ThehumancostofsocialtechnologyBySimonMainwaringInlightofalltherecentdevelopmentsaroundsocialtechnology,fromthelaunchofGoogle+toFacebook’sF8conferencelaunchofTimelineandTickerlastweek,IfeltitespeciallypertinenttosharethisinterviewwithSherryTurkleofMIT.WhatsheinvitesustoconsideristhehumancostofoursocialmediaengagementwhichseemsallthemorerelevantasnetworkslikeGoogle+andFacebookarmuswithnewtoolstobecomeevenmoreeffectiveonlinestorytellersinspiringustospendmoretimethere.SM:HiI'mSimonMainwaring,hereattheIVOHWorldSummitintheCatskills,NewYork,andIhavethegreatpleasureofbeingherewithSherryTurkle,whoistheprofessorofSocialStudiesofScienceandTechnologyatMIT,andtheauthorofthecriticallyacclaimedbook.AloneTogether.Itissuchapleasuretochatwithyou,Sherry.Thankyouforyourtime.Now,oneofthethingsItalkaboutwhenitcomestosocialmediaisthatIbelievethattechnologyisteachingustobehumanagain,yetthethesisofyourbookmightactuallygoagainstthatproposition.Doyouthinkthat’strueornot?ST:Ithinkthat'sacomplicatedstory.1.Thatistosay,wearenowusingtechnologyinsomewaysthataredistancingusfromeachother,butI’moptimisticbecauseIthinksomanyofusarestartingtorealizethatsomethingisgoingamisswhenwehavedinnerwithfriendsandeveryonehasaphoneonthetableandinterruptsconversationsinordertotakethosecalls.WhenIwalkedthedunesofCapeCodthatThoreauwalked,andeverybodyiswalkingthoseduneswiththeirheadsdowntothosedevices,somethingisgoingamiss.Wheneveryoneisansweringemailsinsteadoftalkingtocolleaguesatwork,somethingisgoingamiss.Soit’sgood,butweneedtomakeitgoodforus.SM:Whatwouldyousayisbeinglost,andwhatisthecostofthat?ST:Well,I’veinterviewedhundredsofyoungpeopleandhundredsofolderpeopleandIthinkthatoneofthethingsthatisbeinglostistheabilitytotoleratesolitude.InmyownstudiesIcallit,“Ishare,thereforeIam.”Thatistosay,yougofromapositionwhereyousay“Ihaveafeeling,Iwanttomakeacall,”toapositionwhereyousay“Iwanttohaveafeeling,Ineedtosendatext.”2.Sowhat’sbeinglostistheabilitytoexperienceyourthoughtsandfeelingswithoutimmediatelysharingthemandyoulosethecapacitytocollaboratebecausecollaborationisinfusion.Youneedtocometocollaborationwithasenseofself,withyourownideasandconfidenceinyourself.Youlosethecapacityforcertainkindsofleadershipbecause,again,leadershiprequiresanabilitytolead,notjusttopoll.3.Soyoufeellikewe’relosingtheabilitytobepresentbecausewe’reinsuchahurrytopassonthatexperiencethatwealmostcutourselvesoutoftheequation.ST:Yes.Andwe’resubstitutingconnectionforconversation.Ithinkthat’sveryimportant.Thismovefromconversationtoconnection,andwe’realmostforgettinghownurturingconversationis.OverandoverI’veinterviewedpeoplewhobasicallytellme“Don’tcall.”InAloneTogetherIhaveachaptertitledPleaseDon’tCall.Thelastthingtheywantisatelephonecall.Itwouldtaketoomuchtime.It’stoodangerous.Toomuchmightshow.Theydon’twanttobeinterrupted.It’seasiertosendanemailorsendatextandnothavetherisksofshowingthemselvesinaconversation.SM:Wouldyoucharacterizethisasafunctionoftheneedtonowliveinpublicatalltimes,toalwaysbe“on”?Isthatthechallengethatwe’reallfacingnow,because,giventheopportunitytodoitwithsocialmediaandtheseotherplatforms,wefeelobligatedtodoso?ST:Thereareseveralthings.We’vegivenourselvesanopportunitytohide.Socialmedia,forallofit’sbounties—andI’mveryenthusiasticofallthebountiesofsocialmedia—italsogivesusanopportunitytohide.4.Weperformourselvesonsocialmedia,andthatisdifferentfrombeingourselvesonsocialmedia.Thatabilitytoperformyourselfisalsoanabilitytohide.Itleadstosomethingthatcall“Fearofmissingout.”You’realwayswatchingwhatotherpeoplearedoingandyoubeingtobejealousbecausetheirshowingtheirbestselvesandyou’reshowingyourbestself.YoualmostbecomejealousofthelifeyouliveonFacebook.Youhavetoremindyourselfthatit’syourlifebecauseyou’reshowingyourbestself.SM:Letmeaskyouaquestionaboutthat.Howdifferentisthattotheversionofourselvesthatwepresentintherealworld,albeitonlytooneortwoorfivepeopleatatime?Isitworsebecausewecanreachamassaudience?ST:No,it’sworsebecause...we’resittingheretogetherand,ofcourse,I’minaroleandyou’reinarole,butbecausewe’reheretogether,certainthingsshow.We’reanimals,we’rehumanbeingsand,really,bythefactthatwe’reheretogether,weshowourselvestoeachother,werevealourselvestoeachother.Onthenetwork,wecanfakeit.Wecanperformourselvesinawaywherethereisamorepolishedself.Iinterviewpeoplewhoreallydescribetomethetimeandthecaretheytakeonwhattheypresentintheirsocialmediapresence.It’slikewe’replayingavatarsofourselves.SM:5.Ifyouhadtocharacterizeitintwoways,thelongtermeffectsonthis,whatisthebestcasescenario,theupside,andtheworstcasescenario.Giveusthespectrumofconsequence.ST:Bestcasescenario...Myfavoritelineinmybookis,“Justbecausewegrewupwiththeinternet,wethinktheinternetisallgrownup,anditisn’t,andit’stimetomakethecorrections.”Ithinkwe’reataturningpointnowwherewe’rereadytoreassessandliveasanerandhealthierlife.Ithinkthecorporateworldisreadytobemoreattentivetothesocialandemotionalneedsofbothitsconsumersanditsworkers.Ithinkthatpeoplearereadytobemoreattentivetolivingasanerlifeintheironlinepresence.Wedon’twanttobeinterrupted.6.Sotheplussideisthatwe’reatamomentwherewe’regoingtobeabletoenjoythebountiesofthistechnologyandminimizeitscost.Thedownsideisthatwearesomehow,justlikethere’safogofwar,there’safogoftechnology.TeachingatMITfor30years,Icantellyouthattechnologycanmakeusforgetwhatweknowaboutlife,andoneofthethingsthatwe’reforgettingrightnowistheimportanceofconversationandoftrulybeingwitheachotherinthewaysthatmatter.SM:Yetyou’restilloptimistic.Whyareyouoptimistic?Whatgivesyouhope?ST:7.I’moptimisticbecauseIthinkhumanbeingswanttobewitheachotherandrealizethenurturanceandthesustainingeffectsofbeingwitheachotherandcommunicatingwitheachother.Ithinkthatthere’samovementIseeintheresonanceinmyworkandintheworkofotherpeoplewhoarestartingtohavethiskindofmessage,includingyourselfactually,thatthere’sstartingtobeaconvergenceinthecorporateworldandconsumerworldofrealizingthatthesetwoworldshaveintereststhatarestartingtocometogetherbyusingthistechnologyinmorehumaneways,inwaysthatarebetterforthesocialgood.SM:Ican’ttellyouhowexcitedIambythebook.Thatfifteen-yearstudyontheimpactofscienceandtechnologyisabsolutelyincredible.Ihighlyrecommendittoeveryone.Whereelsecanpeoplefindyouonline?ST:Forthebook,goto,orgoogleSherryTurkleandmywebpagewithallmywritingsandresearchwillbeonthat.SM:Thankyouforgivingusthegiftofallyourthinking.Arealpleasuretomeetyou,Sherry.10.单选题Journalistsusuallyrefertowhattheywriteasstories.Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories.Thisdoesnotapplyonlytoreportersbuttoeverybodyintheeditorialchain,fromdeskeditors,copyeditors,specialistandsportswriterstotheeditorhimorherself.Wordspublishedinnewspapers,onairoronlinearestories.Storiessoundinteresting;reportssounddull.Tosome,storiesmeanfiction:"Tellmeastory,mummy”.Storiesaretallandshort,madeupandtrue.Truestoriesareaboutwhathappened.Wetellstoriesinconversation,recountingexperiencesandeventsinwhichwetookpartorobserve.Thecrucialthingaboutastoryisthatotherpeoplewanttohearit,becauseitisinterestingorentertaining.Otherwisethestorytellerisabore.Sojournalistswritestoriesfortheirreaderstotellthemwhatisgoingon,toinformthem,engagethem,entertainthem,shockthem,amusethem,disturbthem,upliftthem.Thesubjectmatterwillvaryaccordingtothenatureofthepublicationandtheintendedaudience.Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices.Andthepaperwillincludethatvitalingredientserendipity-thestoryyoudidn’texpect,the"justfancythat",theabsurditiesaswellasthetravailsofthehumancondition.Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.Itisaboutfindingthingsoutandtellingotherpeopleaboutthem.Thefindingoutrequiresavarietyofskillsbecausethoseinpoweroftenpreferthatweknowonlysomuch.Journalismisaboutholdingsuchpeopletoaccount,exposingtheirhumbugandhypocrisy,theabuseoftheirpower.Thisincludesthecontrolitgivesthemovertheflowofinformation,theabilitytoburythebadnews,tospinandobfuscate.Goodjournalistsmustasktheawkwardquestionsandquestiontheanswers,mustdigtounearthandthenexplain,makingcomprehensiblethatwhichauthority,byintentorverbalinadequacy,hasleftconfused,incompleteorplainmendacious.Incomprehensiblejournalismisquitesimplybadjournalism,andthereforepointless.Ultimatelythereisonlyonepurpose:tomakethereaderreadthestory.Iftheydon't,whatwasthepointoffindingitoutandtellingit?Thisbookletpicksupthestorywhenthereaderhasreachedthestageofdecidingtoaddressthestory.Thatisnotthesameasreadingit,orevenreadingacertainamountofit.Theyhavejustreachedthefirstword,perhapsattractedbythepicture,theextractedquote,oranyoftheotherpresentationaldevicesusedtodragthereadertothestory.Wehavereachedthestagewherethereaderisgoingtosubjectthestorytothefinaltest,readingsomeorallofin.Thisisaboutwriting.Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.Itisselective,doesnotinvolvecommitmenttothewhole.Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper.Thenewspaperreader,unlikethereaderofthemoreliterarynovel,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour.Heorshewillnotreadasentenceorparagraphasecondtimetobeclearaboutwhatisbeingsaid.Confusion,moreoftenthannot,willmeanabandoningthestoryaltogetherandmovingon.Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting.Manyyoungpeoplethinktheywouldliketobejournalistsbecausetheyhave"alwayslovedwriting”orstartedwritingpoemswhentheywereeight.Itiscertainlynotenoughandmaywellbeabarriertosuccessinjournalism.ThelateNicholasTomalinfamouslywrotethat"theonlyqualitiesessentialforrealsuccessinjournalismarerat-likecunning,aplausiblemanner,andalittleliteraryability."Heincludedwriting,butheplaceditthirdandprefaceditwithadiminutive.Thewritingmatters;butdon'tthinkofitasart.Thinkofitasworkingwriting,writingdoingajob,writingthatputsacrossinformationinawaythatmakesreaderswanttoabsorbit.Atatimewhenthevastmajorityofentrantstojournalismhavedegrees—welcomebecausejournalisminacomplexworldisanintellectualpursuititisworthpointingoutthatwritingfornewspapersisalsoverydifferentfromtheacademicwritingofstudentessays.Notimetoproducearoutemapfortheessayandreachthepointsomewhereneartheend;thejournalistmustgrabtheattentionatonce.Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengagingly,sothatreaderswillkeepreading;toexplainsothatallthereadersunderstand,andwantto.Thisisthetaskthewritingjournalisthas.1.Whichofthefollowingismostlyusedbyjournaliststodescribethepiecestheywrite?2.Whatshouldagoodnewspapereditordoaccordingtothetext?3.ThequoteofNicholasTomalinisusedtoexpressthat（）4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadifferencebetweennewspaperreadingandbookreading?5.Whatisthefinalpurposeforjournalisticwritingaccordingtothetext?问题1选项A.Reports.B.Stories.C.Articles.D.Pieces.问题2选项A.Findthingsoutandtellreadersaboutthem.B.Grabtheattentionatonce.C.Catertoreaders’interestsandpreoccupations.D.Controltheflowofinformation.问题3选项A.Journalisticwritingisdifferentfromwritingasanart.B.Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengaginglyforreaderstokeepreading.C.Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.D.Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.问题4选项A.Contentsareselectedinnewspapers.B.Lesstimeisspentreadinganewspaper.C.Newspaperreadersareexpectedtoinvesteffortintheendeavour.D.Newspaperreadersgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.问题5选项A.Makingreadersspendmoretimereadinganewspaper.B.Connectingreaderswithgovernments.C.Makingreadersreadthestory.D.Explaininginawaysothatallthereadersunderstand.11.单选题Sinceyouareastudent,youmust（）bytheschooldiscipline.问题1选项A.conformB.standC.abideD.sustain12.单选题

Havingfinishedtheirmorningwork,theclerksstoodupbehindtheirdesks,（）themselves.问题1选项A.expandingB.stretchingC.prolongingD.extending13.单选题Alanisagoodfootballplayerandneverbreaks（）.问题1选项A.legalB.regulationsC.limitationD.agreement14.单选题Scientificresearchresultscannowbequickly（）tofactoryproduction.问题1选项A.usedB.appliedC.employedD.practiced15.单选题Itwasfoundthatjobapplicantswhomakemoreeyecontactare（）asmorealert,dependable,confidentandresponsible.问题1选项A.referredB.perceivedC.recommendedD.presumed16.单选题

Asyouareplanningforavacation,Isuggestyougotoatravelagencyandaskforaholiday（）.问题1选项A.introductionB.advertisementC.bookD.brochure17.单选题Wecanbeginourdiscussionof“populationasglobalissue”withwhatmostpersonsmeanwhentheydiscuss“thepopulationproblem”:toomanypeopleonearthandatoorapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.Thefactsarenotindispute.Itwasquiterighttoemploytheanalogythatlikeneddemographicgrowthto“along,thinpowderfusethatburnssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes.”Tounderstandthecurrentsituation,whichischaracterizedbyrapidincreasesinpopulation,itisnecessarytounderstandthehistoryofpopulationtrends.Rapidgrowthisacomparativelyrecentphenomenon.Lookingbackatthe8,000yearsofdemographichistory,wefindthatpopulationshavebeenvirtuallystableorgrowingveryslightlyformostofhumanhistory.Formostofourancestors,lifewashard,oftennasty,andveryshort.Therewashighfertilityinmostplaces,butthiswasusuallybalancedbyhighmortality.Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whileinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.Thus,thepopulationproblemthroughoutmostofhistorywashowtopreventextinctionofthehumanrace.Thispatternisimportanttonotice.Notonlydoesitputthecurrentproblemsofdemographicgrowthintoahistoricalperspective,butitsuggeststhatthecauseofrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsisnotasuddenenthusiasmformorechildren,butanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighmortality.Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods:atimeoflong,slowgrowthwhichextendedfromabout8,000BC.tillapproximatelyAD.1650.Inthefirstperiodofsome9600years,thepopulationincreasedfromsome8millionto500millionin1650.Between1650andthepresent,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Anditisestimatedthatbytheyear2000therewillbe6.2billionpeoplethroughouttheworld.Onewaytoappreciatethisdramaticdifferenceinsuchabstractnumbersistoreducethetimeframetosomethingthatismoremanageable.Between8000BCand1650,anaverageofonly50,000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld’spopulationeachyear.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.1.Whichofthefollowingdemographicgrowthpatternismostsuitableforthelong,thinpowderfuseanalogy?2.Duringthefirstperiodofdemographichistory,societieswereoftenindangerofextinctionbecause（）.3.Whichstatementistrueaboutpopulationincrease?4.Theauthorofthepassageintendsto（）.5.Theword“demographic”,inthefirstparagraphmeans（）.问题1选项A.Avirtuallystableorslightlydecreasingperiodandthenasuddenexplosionofpopulation.B.Aslowgrowthforalongtimeandthenaperiodofrapid,dramaticincrease.C.Toomanypeopleonearthandafewrapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.D.Alongperiodwhendeathratesexceedsbirthratesandthenashortperiodwithhigherfertilityandlowermortality.问题2选项A.onlyoneintenpersonscouldlivepast40B.therewashighermortalitythanfertilityinmostplacesC.itwastoodangeroustohavebabiesduetothepoorconditionsD.ourancestorshadlittleenthusiasmformorechildren问题3选项A.Theremightbeanincreaseof2.2billionpersonsfromnowtotheyear2000.B.About50,000babiesareborneverysixhoursatpresent.C.Between8000BCandthepresent,thepopulationincreaseisabout80,000,000personseachyear.D.Thepopulationincreasedfasterbetween8000BCand1650thanbetween1650andthepresent.问题4选项A.warnpeopleagainstthepopulationexplosioninthenearfutureB.comparethedemographicgrowthpatterninthepastwiththatafter1650C.findoutthecauseforrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsD.presentusaclearandcompletepicture’ofthedemographicgrowth问题5选项A.statisticsofhumanB.surroundingsstudyC.accumulationofhumanD.developmentofhuman18.单选题TheOlympicGamesweretelecast（）allovertheworld.问题1选项A.incidentallyB.separatelyC.simultaneouslyD.especially19.单选题Generallyspeaking,oldpeopleareusuallymore（）thanyoungpeople.问题1选项A.destructiveB.progressiveC.conservativeD.constructive20.单选题Thelittlegirlcouldnot（）hercuriositytoseewhatwasinthebox.问题1选项A.abstainB.refrainC.restrainD.prevent第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项obvious“明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的”；B选项bound“受约束的；被……限制的”；C选项indispensable“不可缺少的；绝对必要的”；D选项doubtless“无疑的”。句意：孩子们在成长过程中……会发生一些意外。本题还需要注意的是搭配，beboundto表示“必然”符合本句句意。2.【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项想crisis“危机；危险期”；B选项urgency“紧急；催促”；C选项emergency“紧急情况；突发事件”；D选项emergence“出现；发生；露头”。句意：救护车必须有优先权，因为它通常要处理一些……。救护车需要处理的是一些紧急情况或突发事件，C选项符合句意。3.【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。perspiration“汗水，努力”；desperation“绝望的境地，不顾一切拼命”；respiration“呼吸”；aspiration“渴望，抱负”。句意：一个充满活力的经济是建立在企业家的抱负之上的，而这是通过利润来回报的。选项D更符合语境。4.【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。acquaintance“熟人；相识；了解”；accuracy“准确性”；access“进入；通道；有使用权”，与介词to搭配；acquisition“获得物，获得”。句意：这套系统设计的目的是为了让学生能快速并且容易使用图书馆资源。选项C符合题意。5.【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项weakness表示“（系统、性格等的）缺点，劣势；弱点；虚弱”，B选项fault表示“错误；故障；缺点”，C选项flaw表示“缺陷，瑕疵；性格上的缺点”，D选项strip表示“条；带”。由句意可知，这个女孩能半价买到裙子是因为裙子有瑕疵，所以C选项词义最符合原文句意，故本题正确答案为C选项。6.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:D【解析】第1题:1.事实细节题。第一段指出“justonetenththatoftheBeijingdistrictwhereitkeepsitsembassytoChina”，仅相当于其驻华使馆所在地区人口的十分之一，冰岛驻华使馆所在区为北京市朝阳区，可推断驻华使馆所在区常住人口为三百多万，但是文章并未说明所在区占北京总人口的比例，所以无从推断北京市人口数量。因此选D项。第2题:2.事实细节题。第二段给出了原因“ThemorelikelyattractionforChinaisaccesstoimprovingshippingroutesthroughtheArcticasthatregionwarmsduetoclimatecharge”，而更可能的是，该地区随着气候变化逐渐变暖，中国有机会通过北极地区改善其海上航线。后面还指出“...thereisnoreasontodoubtthatcontinuedshrinkingofArcticicecoverwillenhancethearea'simportance”，不容置疑，北极冰层的持续减少将增强该地区的重要性。由此可知A项“因为北极冰盖正在连续退缩”正确。第3题:3.判断推理题。由题干关键词permanentobserver定位到第三段“LikeSouthKoreaandJapan,ChinahopesnextmonthtobeapprovedforpermanentobserverstatusontheArcticCouncil”，同韩国、日本一样，中国希望在下月被批准获得北极理事会永久观察员身份。由此可知韩国与中国都不是其成员，故选B项。第4题:4.判断推理题。对于nearArcticstate的理解可参考最后一段“...currentarrangementsleaveChinashutoutofmultilateraldecision-makingaboutthechangingArcticenvironment.Thedesiretohaveagreatersay,andassertitslegitimateinterestsintheregion,sherecentlywrote,isbehindacuriousnewbitofofficialphraseology”，在当前关于北极环境变化的多边政策决策协商中，中国被拒之门外。但一些新奇的官方措辞暗示中国希望对北极事务掌握更大的话语权，并维护他们在这一地区的正当权益。故选C项“中国希望提高其对北极地区的影响力”。第5题:5.事实细节题。A:中国更愿意进口更多的冰岛鱼类，降低关税，而不是增强其在该地区的影响力。第五段指出“ButforChina,theabilitytoimportmoreIcelandicfishwithlowertariffdutieswouldseemtopaleincomparisontotheimportanceofenhancingitsinfluenceintheregion”，但是对于中国来说，相较于增强在该地区的影响力，能以更低关税进口冰岛鱼则显得微不足道。因此A项不正确。B:冰岛成为第一个与中国签署该类协定的国家。第一段指出“...China'sfirstwithanyEuropeannation”，冰岛成为第一个与中国签署该类协定的欧洲国家。因此B项不符合原文所述。C：北极理事会是一个拥有八名成员，旨在协调区域政策的政府间机构。最后一段指出“...currentarrangements...multilateraldecision-makingaboutthechangingArcticenvironment”，当前关于北极环境变化的多边政策决策协商……，由此可知北极理事会的宗旨是保护北极地区的环境，促进地区在经济、社会和福利方面的持续发展，因此C项不正确。D：新贸易协定将免除两国双边贸易大部分关税。第四段指出“Thenewtradeagreement...willresultinthewaiverincomingyearsofmosttariffs,inthetwocountries'bilateraltrade”，这份贸易协定，将免除两国双边贸易大部分关税。因此D项正确。

7.【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项influence“影响；势力”；B选项persecution“迫害；烦扰”；C选项shelter“庇护；避难所”；D选项oppression“压抑；镇压”。句意：第二次世界大战期间，许多著名的科学家在美国寻求并得到了政治……。战争期间，科学家们寻求的必然是“政治庇护”，因此C选项正确。8.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。此处考查的是动词过去分词形式作为形容词使用的词义，A选项owned“自身拥有的”；B选项sunk“凹陷的；低沉的；失