2022高考英语语法专题复习-课件10《虚拟语气》

10《虚拟语气》第一页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气三、主语从句中的虚拟语气四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气五、状语从句中的虚拟语气六、几种特殊的虚拟语气虚拟语气的主要内容第二页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。考题点击：Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgo2.Ifmylawyer___herelastSaturday,he__mefromgoing.A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,wouldpreventD.were,wouldhaveprevented3.IfIweretoseeTom,what___you___metotellhim?A.are,goingtoaskB.do,askC.would,askD.did,askBAC第三页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。时态从句主句表示现在过去时(be---were)should+动词原形would+动词原形could+动词原形might+动词原形1.和现在的事实相反一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气第四页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。时态从句主句表示过去had+过去分词should+have+过去分词would+have+过去分词could+have+过去分词might+have+过去分词2.和过去的事实相反第五页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。时态从句主句表示将来

should+动词原形would+动词原形could+动词原形might+动词原形3.和将来的事实相反1)wereto+动词原形2)should+动词原形3)动词过去式第六页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。考题点击：1.Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishI

so.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdoneC.haven’tdoneD.couldn’tdo2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhadD.hadhad3.Theteacherorderedthatstudents_______.A.mustn’tsmokeB.notsmokeC.smokedD.hadsmoked4.Theteacherdemandedthatthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.finishC.shouldfinish D.befinishedBBBD第七页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。例如:1)与现在事实相反:

wish+(that)+did(were)

IwishIwereashealthyasyou.IwishthatIhad

aplane.2)与过去事实相反:

wish+(that)+haddoneIwishIhadbeentotheconcertlastnight.Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.3)与将来事实相反

:wish+would/could/might+doIwishhewouldforgiveme.第八页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。2.在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。常见的动词有:一个坚持insist;两个命令order,command;三条建议suggest,advise,propose;四项要求demand,request,require,ask;另外有:prefer注意:suggest表暗示表明时insist表坚持认为时不用虚拟语气Heorderedthatthestudents(should)washtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves.Thedoctorsuggestedthatshe(should)haveanoperationatonce.第九页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。考题点击：Isitnecessarythathe_____theexamination?A.takes B.hastotakeC.musttake D.take2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold3.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking____inthe

library.A.shouldallowB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.isallowedDBB第十页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。三、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：

1.Itbe+过去分词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…过去分词：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed…Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.

It’ssuggestedthateverybody(should)buyadictionary.2.Itbe+形容词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…形容词:important,necessary,natural,right,wrong,better,proper,funny,strange,surprising…Itisnecessarythatwe(should)haveawalknow.It'simportantthatwe(should)takegoodcareofthepatient.3.Itbe+名词（apity/ashame/nowonder）that…

+(should)+动词原形+…第十一页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。考题点击：Hissuggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.

A.try B.tries C.musttryD.cantry2.Hegaveanadvicethatthey____eachother.A.helpedB.musthelpC.helpD.hadhelped3.Mysuggestionisthatafewmorepeople___theretohelpme.A.besentB.havesentC.sentD.shouldsentACA第十二页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice,decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。

Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)leaveatonce.

1)表语从句:2)同位语从句:Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.第十三页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。考题点击：1.Wefeltasifwe_____eachotherforyears.A.knewB.wereknowingC.hadknownD.haveknowing2.Hetookawaytheoxygentankforfearthatit______.A.mayexploreB.explodedC.explodeD.hadexplodeCC第十四页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。五、状语从句中的虚拟语气1、用在由asif,asthough引导的状语从句中，表示和现在事实相反或对现在的怀疑，用过去时；表示过去想象中的动作或情况，用过去完成时;表示将来用would+动词原形。Itseemsasifthemanwerehisbrother.Thisdeviceoperatedasthoughithadbeenrepaired.2.用在lest,forfearthat和incase引导的状语从句中，这时谓语动词用should+动词原形或动词原形。Sheclosedthewindowslestshecatchcold.第十五页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。六、几种特殊的虚拟语气虚拟倒装句

1.Wereit(=Ifitwere)notfortheirhelp,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.2.HadI(=IfIhad)knownaboutit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.3.Shouldanyone(=Ifanyoneshould)call,pleasetakeamessage.Whatwouldhavehappened,_____asfarastheriverbank?

(01上海)

Bobhadwalkedfarther B.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfarther D.ifBobwalkedfartherC考题点击：第十六页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。2)错综条件句Ifyou_____himyesterday,you_____whattodonow.

asked…wouldknow B.hadasked…wouldhaveknownC.askedhim…know D.hadasked…wouldknowDIfyouhadn’tboughttheticketlastweek,howwouldyougonow?考题点击：第十七页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。3)介词短语表条件

Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavesucceeded.Nothingcouldlivewithoutthesun.考题点击：Withoutyourhelp,we____suchrapidprogress.A.couldn’tmakeB.wouldn’tmakeC.willnothavemadeD.wouldn’thavemadeD第十八页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。4)情境中提供虚拟语气

Supposetherewerenogravity,objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped.Shewasn’tfeelingverywell.Otherwiseshewouldn’thaveleftthemeetingsoearly.考题点击：Iwentbyplane;otherwiseI____muchlongertime.

A.couldtakeB.wouldtakeC.willhavetakenD.wouldhavetaken

D第十九页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。5)比较ifonly与onlyif

onlyif表示“只有”；

Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.ifonly则表示“如果……就好了”。其从句中的谓语动词用过去时或过去完成时。IfonlyIknewmore.Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.

Ifonly也可用于陈述语气。

Ifonlyhecomesearly.

Ifonlygrandmother____thistogetherwithusnow.A.willseeB.couldseeC.mustseeD.shouldseeB考题点击：第二十页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。6)It’s(high/low)time从句：

Itis(high)timethat

后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。

Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.

Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.类似的结构为wouldrather

从句：

Iwouldratheryouattendedthemeetingthisafternoon.考题点击：Itistimethatyou_________thewholebook.A.mustgooverB.cangooverC.wentoverD.havegoneoverC第二十一页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。7)其它手段１．Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.（连词）２．Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.（连词）３．Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.（分词短语）４．……Suchmistakescouldhavebeenavoided.（通过上下文）第二十二页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。高考链接:

1.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe

,shewouldhavemetmybrother.

A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome(MET94)

2.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit

.

A.breaksB.hasbroken

C.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken(MET95)

3.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe

inturn,yousotired.

A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tget

C.weredriving;wouldn’tget

D.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot(MET95)

4.Without

theairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnight

,toocoldforustolive