2022-2023学年河南省济源市五龙口第二中学高三英语期末试卷含解析

2022-2023学年河南省济源市五龙口第二中学高三英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.—Whatapity!George________wellquitthetriptoHangzhou.—Letmephonehimforthefinaldecision.A.can

B.must

C.shall

D.may参考答案：D2.Sheisadiligentstudent,andallhersparetimeshehas

stayinginthelibrary.

A．isspent

B．spent

C．tospend D．tobespent参考答案：A3.Alicefellintoaverydeepholeonasunnyafternoon,herfantasyvisittothefairyland______.A.breakingoff

B.kickingoff

C.takingoff

D.showingoff参考答案：B4.Haveyougotafreeeveningnextweek?________,let’shavedinner.A．Whileso

B．Sinceso

C．Whenso

D．Ifso参考答案：D33.Itturnedouttobewarmlastnight.I

thetroubletocarrymythickheavycoat.

A.mustn’ttake

B.needn’ttake

C.mustn’thavetaken

D.needn’thavetaken参考答案：D略6.Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproducts_______aftergreateffort.A.havingdeveloped

B.todevelop

C.developed

D.develop参考答案：C考查非谓语动词。此题考查的是非谓语动词作感官动词see的宾语补足语，develop与宾语products间为被动关系，故使用过去分词。句意：在做出巨大努力之后，看到很多新产品被研发出来，经理很满意。7.Havingahobbyisgoodforyou.Itdoesn’tmatterwhatitis_____itdrivesyouforward.A. aslongas B.though C.unless D.inorderthat参考答案：A8.It’s_______forpeopletoblametrafficjams,thecostofgasandthegreatspeedofmodernlife.A.reasonable B.availableC.accurate D.cautious参考答案：A【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们责备交通堵塞、汽油成本和现代生活的快节奏是合理的。A.reasonable合理的；符合情理的；B.available可获得的；C.accurate准确的；精确的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据语境可知，A项正确。9.Thechildrenwerehavingsomuchfunatthebeach.They_____havewishedforamorepleasantholiday.A.shouldn’t

B.wouldn’t

C.couldn’t

D.mightn’t参考答案：C10.Thereisnodoubtthatwatchingtelevisionandmoviescanthewaythatpeoplebehave.A.influence B.identify C.reflect D.impress参考答案：A考查动词辨析。句意:毫无疑问,看电视和电影会对人们的行为有影响。根据句意可知,这里应用influence表示"影响"。identify"识别,认出";reflect"反映";impress"给……留下印象"。11.－ShallIlookafteryourhousewhileyouareaway?

－______．

A．Ifyoulike

B．Itcouldn’tbebetter

C．Withpleasure

D．It’suptoyou参考答案：B考查交际用语。对方主动提出当你不在家时帮你照看房子，此时用B作答，“那太好了”。12.---CanIcomeandhavealookatyournewhouse?---Yes,___________!A.withpleasure

B.Ilikeit

C.Iquiteagree

D.byallmeans参考答案：D13.—Theresearchonthenewbirdfluvirusvaccineischallenginganddemanding.Whodoyouthinkcandothejob?—____mystudentshaveatry?A.

Shall

B.Must

C.Will

D.May参考答案：A14.Johnwasdismissedlastweekbecauseofhis_____attitudetowardshisjob.A.informal

B.tough

C.casual

D.violent参考答案：C15.Our______showsthatthecompany'sfailurewascausedbypoormanagementAanalysis

Bsuggestion

C.opinion

D.angle参考答案：A19.We

thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?A.shouldface

B.mightface

C.musthavefaced

D.couldhavefaced参考答案：D略二、完型填空17.AnartprogramishelpingstudentsatsomeofthelowestperformingschoolsintheUnitedStates.OnJune8，muchoftheworld___21___theUnitedNationsWorldOceansDay.Theideaistoremindpeoplehowimportanttheworld’soceansaretoalllifeonEarth,tocelebratetheirbeauty,andtobringattentiontothe___22___humanactivityhasontheoceans.Thisyear,thethemeis“OurOceans,OurFuture,”withspecialemphasisonfindingsolutionstoplasticpollution,and___23___marinelitterforahealthieroceanandabetterfuture.Theworld'soceans___24___nearlythreefourthsoftheEarth'ssurface,andcontain97percentofourplanet’swater.Theyproduceoverhalfofouroxygen，helpregulateourclimate,absorbcarbondioxide，andsupportthegreatest___25___oflifeonourplanet.NearlyhalfofallspeciesonEarthdependontheoceansforsurvival,andformanyoftherest,includingpeople,theoceans___26___thequalityoflife.Theoceansarealso___27___totheworld’seconomy,becausetheyarekeytotransportationandrecreation.Asover95percentoftheunderwaterarearemainsunexplored,itisnearlya___28___thattheirdepthsmayholdthecuretomanyadisease,the___29___tomanyaproblem.Andyet,asmuchas40percentoftheworld’soceansare___30___affectedbyhumanactivitiesthatresultinpollution,over-fishing,andlossofcoastalhabitats.Ofparticular___31___isplasticgarbage.Someofitcomesfromshipsthatuseourrivers,lakesandseas,andeventually___32___intotheocean.Butabout8millionmetrictonsofplasticwastewashesofflandintotheoceaneachyear.Oncethere,itbeginsto___33___untilitturnsintosmallfragmentsknownasmicro-plastics.Plasticsareaseriousthreat,becausetheydegradeveryslowly,trapseacreatures,damagehabitatslikecoralreefs,andare___34___bymarineanimals.Researchershavedocumentedtheimpactsofplasticonover650differentmarinespecies—includingseaturtles,seals,whales,dolphins，porpoises,seabirds,andfish.OnWorldOceansDay,wemustrememberthatthehealthandsafetyofouroceansisourcollective___35___，onethatwecannotaffordtoneglect.Onlythroughgoodstewardshipcanwesafeguardthehealthofouroceans,andensurethattheoceanscontinuetomeettheneedsoffuturegenerations.21.A.makes B.observes C.watches D.establishes22.A.impact B.energy C.effort D.attempt23.A.promoting B.defending C.preventing D.protecting24.A.carry B.wrap C.involve D.cover25.A.abundance B.effect C.influence D.feature26.A.destroy B.improve C.damage D.spoil27.A.accessible B.indispensable C.harmful D.available28.A.certainty B.doubt C.phenomenon D.symptom29.A.revolution B.contribution C.resolution D.distribution30.A.hardly B.barely C.nearly D.heavily31.A.importance B.concern C.value D.priority32.A.makesitsway B.losesitsway C.fightsitsway D.goesitsownway33.A.breakout B.breakdown C.breakinto D.breakthrough34.A.digested B.disliked C.enjoyed D.swallowed35.A.source B.resource C.responsibility D.wealth参考答案：21.B

22.A

23.C

24.D

25.A

26.B

27.B

28.A

29.C

30.D

31.B

32.A

33.B

34.D

35.C本文是一篇说明文，介绍了今年世界海洋日的主题以及严重威胁海洋健康的塑料污染问题。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：6月8日，世界上许多国家都在庆祝联合国世界海洋日（6月8日是联合国世界海洋日）。A.makes制作；B.observes

庆祝；C.watches观看；D.establishes建立。根据本空后的“theUnitedNationsWorldOceansDay”可知，6月8日，世界上许多国家都在庆祝联合国世界海洋日，故B项正确。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这节日是为了提醒人们世界上的海洋对地球上所有的生命是多么重要，来庆祝它们的美丽，并引起人们对人类活动对海洋的影响的关注。A.impact

影响；B.energy能量；C.effort努力；D.attempt尝试。haveimpacton表示“对……有影响”，故A项正确。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年的主题是“我们的海洋，我们的未来”，特别强调寻找塑料污染的解决方案，为了更健康的海洋和更美好的未来防止海洋垃圾。A.promoting提升；B.defending防卫；C.preventing防止、阻止；D.protecting保护。根据本空后的“marinelitterforahealthieroceanandabetterfuture.”可知，此处是说为了更健康的海洋和更美好的未来防止海洋垃圾，故C项正确。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界上的海洋几乎占地球表面的四分之三。A.carry搬运；B.wrap缠绕；C.involve包含；D.cover覆盖、占……大面积。根据本空后的“nearlythreefourthsoftheEarth'ssurface”可知，海洋几乎占地球表面的四分之三，故D项正确。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们产生我们所需的一半以上的氧气，帮助调节我们的气候，吸收二氧化碳，支持我们星球上大量的生命。A.abundance丰富、大量；B.effect效果；C.influence影响；D.feature特征。根据常识可知，地球上的很多生命依靠海洋生存，abundanceof表示“许许多多的”，故A项正确。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：地球上近一半的物种依靠海洋生存，而对包括人类在内的许多其他物种来说，海洋改善了生活质量。A.destroy破坏；B.improve改善、改进；C.damage损害；D.spoil掠夺。根据空后的“thequalityoflife”可知，海洋改善了包括人类在内的许多其他物种的生活质量，故B项正确。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海洋对世界经济也是不可或缺的，因为它们是交通和娱乐的关键。A.accessible可进入的；B.indispensable绝对必要的、不可或缺的；C.harmful有害的；D.available可得到的。根据空后的原因可知，海洋对世界经济也是不可或缺的，故B项正确。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于95%以上的水下区域仍未被探索，几乎可以肯定的是，它们的深处蕴藏着许多疾病的治疗方法和许多问题的解决方法。A.certainty必然；B.doubt疑问；C.phenomenon现象；D.symptom症状。因为有那么广阔的区域还未被探索，所以几乎可以肯定海洋深处蕴藏着许多疾病的治疗方法和许多问题的解决方法，故A项正确。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.revolution革命；B.contribution贡献；

C.resolution解决、决议；D.distribution分配。resolutionto表示“……的解决办法”，故C项正确。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，世界上多达40%的海洋受到人类活动的严重影响，这些活动导致污染、过度捕捞和沿海栖息地的丧失。A.hardly

几乎不；B.barely仅仅；C.nearly将近；D.heavily严重地。根据本空后的“affectedbyhumanactivitiesthatresultinpollution,over-fishing,andlossofcoastalhabitats”可知，海洋受到人类活动的严重影响，故D项正确。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：特别令人关注的是塑料垃圾。A.importance重要性；B.concern担心、关注；C.value价值；D.priority优先。上文说人类活动给海洋带来了很多问题，特别令人关注的是塑料垃圾，Ofparticularconcern表示“特别值得关注的是”，故B项正确。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：其中一些塑料垃圾来自使用我们的河流、湖泊和海洋的船只，并最终进入海洋。A.makesitswayinto进入；B.losesitsway迷路；C.fightsitsway奋力前进；D.goesitsownway独自行动。上文说塑料垃圾是最令人关注的海洋污染问题，此处指塑料垃圾进入海洋，故A项正确。33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦进入海洋，它就开始分解，直到变成被称为微塑料的小碎片。A.breakout爆发；B.breakdown分解；C.breakinto闯入；D.breakthrough突破。根据空后的“untilitturnsintosmallfragmentsknownasmicro-plastics”可知，进入海洋后，塑料垃圾就开始分解，故B项正确，【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：塑料是一个严重的威胁，因为它们降解非常缓慢，会困住海洋生物，破坏珊瑚礁等栖息地，并被海洋动物吞食。A.digested消化；B.disliked不喜欢；C.enjoyed喜欢；

D.swallowed吞下。根据空后的“bymarineanimals”可知，塑料会被海洋动物吞食，故D项正确。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须牢记，（保护）海洋的健康和安全是我们所有人的责任。A.source

来源；B.resource资源；C.responsibility责任；D.wealth财富。海洋对地球上的生物非常重要，所以保护海洋的健康和安全是我们每个人的责任，故C项正确。三、阅读理解18.Thankyou．PresidentBok,formerPresidentRudenstine,incomingPresidentFaust,membersoftheHarvardCorporationandtheBoardofOverseers,membersofthefaculty,parents,andespecially,thegraduates．IwanttothankHarvardforthishonor．I'vebeenwaitingmorethan30yearstosaythis:"Dad,IalwaystoldyouI'dcomebackandgetmydegree,"I'IIbechangingmyjobnextyear,anditwillbenicetofinallyhaveacollegedegreeonmyresume．Iguessthatmakesmevaledictorianofmyownspecialclass．ldidthebestofeveryonewhofailed．Iapplaudthegraduatesfortakingamuchmoredirectroutetoyourdegrees．Formypart,I'mjusthappythattheCrimsoncalledme"Harvard'smostsuccessfuldropout．"Buttakingaseriouslookback,Idohaveonebigregret,IleftHarvardwithnorealawarenessoftheawfulinequities（不公正）intheworld．IlearnedalothereatHarvardaboutnewideasineconomicsandpolitics．Igotgreatexposuretotheadvancesbeingmadeinthesciences．Buthumanity'sgreatestadvancesarenotinitsdiscoveries-butinhowthosediscoveriesareappliedtoreduceinequity．Whetherthroughdemocracy,strongpubliceducation,qualityhealthcare,orbroadeconomicopportunity,reducinginequityisthehighesthumanachievement．Ileftcampusknowinglittleaboutthemillionsofyoungpeoplecheatedoutofeducationalopportunitieshereinthiscountry．AndIknewnothingaboutthemillionsofpeoplelivinginunspeakablepovertyanddiseaseindevelopingcountries．Ittookmedecadestofindout．YougraduatescametoHarvardatadifferenttime．Youknowmoreabouttheworld's

inequitiesthantheclassesthatcamebefore．Inyouryearshere,Ihopeyou'vehadachancetothinkabouthow,inthisageofacceleratingtechnology,wecanfinallytakeontheseinequities,andwecansolvethem．Now,thistaskisopen-ended．Itcanneverbefinished．Butaconsciousefforttoanswerthischallengecanchangetheworld．Yes,inequityhasbeenwithusforever,butthenewtoolswehavetocutthroughcomplexityhavenotbeenwithusforever．Theyarenew．Theycanhelpusmakethemostofourcaring-andthat'swhythefuturecanbedifferentfromthepast．Thedefiningandongoinginnovationsofthisage-biotechnology,thepersonalcomputer,andtheInternetgiveusachancewe'veneverhadbeforetoendextremepovertyandenddeathfrompreventabledisease．61．Whoisthespeakerofthearticle?

A．aHarvardgraduate

B．adropout'sparent

C．afreshstudentinHarvard

D．aprinciple62．Whatdidthespeakerlearnwhilehewasintheuniversity30yearsago?

A．approachestosolvngpoverty

B．economicandpoliticaldiscrimination

C．advancesinscience

D．newwaystochangetheworld63．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A．Huamanity'sgreatestadvance

B．Harvard'mostsuccessfuldropout

C．InequalityintheUSA

D．ThebeststudentinHarvard64．Whichofthestatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A．humanity'sgreatestadvancesareinitsdiscoveries

B．Thereisnowaytomakeanychangeabouttheinequalityintheworld

C．Thegraduatesnowknowmoreabouttheworldthanthosebefore

D．Thenewdiscoverieshelpusrelieveinequalityandpoverty65．Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeaker?

A．Heregretsnothavinggothisdegreeearlier

B．Heisconcernedaboutthephenomenaofinequalityintheworld

C．Hebelievesthereisnodifferencebetweenthepastandthefuture

D．HehopesthestudentsinHarvardcanreceivetheirdegreeslikehim参考答案：略19.StevenSpielberghasalwayshadonegoal:totellasmanygreatstoriestoasmanypeopleaspossible.SpielbergspenthisearlychildhoodinNewJerseyand，later,Arizona.Someofhischildhoodmemoriesbecametheinspirationforhisfilmmaking.Evendecadeslater，Spielbergsayshehasclearmemoriesofhisearliestyears，whicharetheoriginsofsomeofhisbiggesthits.HebelievesthatE.T.istheresultofthedifficultyearsleadinguptohisparent’s1966divorce，“Itisreallyaboutayoungboywhowasinsearchofsomestabilityinhislife.”“Hewasscaredofjustabouteverything，”recallshismother,“Whentreesbrushedagainstthehouse，hewouldjumpintomybed.Andthat’sjustthekindofscarystuffhewouldputinfilmslikePoltergeist.”Tothisday,Spielberg’swife,actressKateCapshaw,saysherhusbandremainsterrifiedofairplanes.Spielbergwas11whenhefirstgothishandsonhisdad’smoviecameraandbeganshootingshortmoviesaboutWorldWarΙΙbattles.Thesehomemademoviesgavehimawaytoescapehisfears.Fromtheverybeginning,hehadacreativeimagination.Withhistalentforscarystorytelling,hecouldterrifyhisthreeyoungersisters.Italsomadeiteasierforhimtomakefriends.Oncampingtrips,whennightfell，youngSpielbergbecamethecenterofattention.Hewouldstarttellinghisghoststories,andeveryonewouldsuddenlygetquietsothattheycouldallhearit.SpielbergmovedtoCaliforniawithhisfatherandwenttohighschoolthere，buthisgradesweresobadthathehardlygraduated.BothUCLAandUSCfilmschoolsrejectedhim，soheenteredCaliforniaStateUniversityatLongBeachbecauseitwasclosetoHollywood.Spielbergwasdeterminedtomakemovies，andhemanagedtogetanunpaid，non-creditinternship（实习）inHollywood.Soonhewasgi