药用植物学-单子叶植物纲参考教学课件教学课件

单子叶植物纲Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL目录*天本科喜蓣科百合科鸢尾科*天南星科姜科兰科Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL禾本科(Gramineae)(2~3:1:1)形态特征:草本或木本。常具根状茎。地上茎常中空,节明显,特称为秆。单叶互生,排成2裂,通常由叶片、叶鞘和叶舌组成,有时有叶耳,叶鞘抱秆,通常一侧开裂,叶片狭长,县明显中脉及平行脉。花序多种,由小穗集成,小穗的主干称小穗轴,基部有外颖和内颖,小穗轴上着生1至数朵花,每花外有外稃和内稃;花小,通常两性;子房基部有2~∽3枚退化花被(浆片);雄蕊通常3枚,少为1至6枚,花丝细长,花药丁字着生,花药2室;子房上位,2~3心皮组成室,1胚珠,花柱2~3,柱头常羽毛状。颖果,种子富含淀粉质胚乳會息Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL草本或木本。Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL常具根状茎。地上茎常中空,节明显,特称为秆。Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL单叶互生,2列。叶片狭长,具明显中脉及平行脉。叶常由叶片、叶鞘和叶舌组成葉舌叶Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL叶鞘包杆,通常一侧开裂。Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL花序多种,由小穗第二小花集成,小穗的主干第四小花称小穗轴,通常很短,基部常有一对颖片,生在下面或外颖外面的1片称外颖生在上方或里面的内颖1片称内颗。小穗轴Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL小穗轴上生有1至多数内稃小花,每一小花外有苞片,称外稃和内稃外稃顶端或背部具芒或否,一般较厚而硬外稃内稃常为外稃所包裹。在子房基部,内、外稃间有2-3枚特化为透子房明而肉质的小鳞片(相当花被片),称为浆片。浆片Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL花小,通常两性;雄蕊通常3,花丝细长,花药丁字形着生,花药2室;子房上位,2-3心皮组成1室,1胚珠,花柱2-3,柱头常为羽毛状nthporepollenfilament1mm10Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforN