山西省长治市谷村中学2021年高一英语上学期期末试题含解析

山西省长治市谷村中学2021年高一英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.______taketheplane,theexpertdecidedtotakethetraintoJinan.A.Morethan

B.Ratherthan

C.Otherthan

D.Lessthan参考答案：B2.I’dliketobuyahouse—modern,comfortableand

inaquietneighborhood.A.inall

B.aboveall

C.afterall

D.atall参考答案：B3.Ifyou

spitatall,pleasespitinthebucket(痰孟里)providedA.must

B.shall

C.should

D.may参考答案：A4.OurEnglishteacher_____Londoninafewdays.Iwonderwhenearliestplane_____onSaturday.

A.leaves;takesoff

B.isleaving;takesoffC.isleaving;istakingof

D.willleave;istakingoff参考答案：B5._____yougoorstayathomewon’tmakeanydifference.

A.Whether

B.If

C.When

D.That参考答案：A略34.Whilelisteningcarefully,

thestudents＿＿＿whattheirteachersaid.A.setdownB.turneddownC.gotdownD.calmeddown参考答案：A略7.Thephotos________me________whatwedidtogetherduringourholidays.A．say;about

B．remind;of

C．tell;with

D．remind;/参考答案：B8.Theclothfeels

,butitwashes

.A.soft;well

B.softly;good

C.softly;well

D.soft;good参考答案：A9.Thepricesofallthegoods_________upandnooneknowswhentheywillbecomestableA.hadgone

B.havebeengoing

C.havegone

D.hadbeengoing参考答案：B10.________manychangeshave_______,weshouldkeeppacewiththechangestoo.A.Since;takentheplace

B.Because;takenplace

C.Nowthat;takenplace D.As;beentakenplace参考答案：C11.Mikeworksfarawayfromhomeandheisalways____hisparents.

A.concerned

B.concernedabout

C.concerns

D.concernedwith参考答案：B12.—Whendoyouthinkthelecturewillbegin?

—I’mnotsureyet,butthespeakeris________tobeherebeforenine.

A.possible

B.probable

C.likely

D.perhaps参考答案：C略13.MyinterestinsurfingontheInternethas________mostofmysparetime,butithasrepaidmeagreatdealofenjoyment.A.takenoff

B.takendownC.takenup

D.takenaway参考答案：Ctakeup“占据(空间、时间)”，符合句意。14.Thereisnodoubt_______myfriendisnotsatisfiedwithwhattheyhavedone.A.that

B.whether

C.if

D.why参考答案：A15.Somepeopleareagainsttheplanbut______supportit.A.anymore

B.manymore

C.muchmore

D.nomore参考答案：B16.Theteachersetsuchdifficultproblems______nobodycouldworkout_____noneofuspassedthetest.A.as;that

B.that;as C./;that

D.as;as参考答案：A二、完型填空17.TherearethousandsofpeopleacrosstheUnitedStateswithoutanyfoodorshelter(住所).EverySaturdayorSundaynight,myfamilyandIgooutand___21___thehomelesspeopleinthecity.Thereisone___22___thingIliketomentionhere.Beforewebeginour___23___,myfamilyandIdonoteat.Wedothis___24___weknowhowitfeelstobehungry.Weallgettogetherinthekitchenand___25___thefood.Wethen___26___thefoodfor30ormorepeople.Iliketowriteaspecial___27___onthebagslike“Godlovesyou”.Alotofpeople___28___homelesspeople.Notallhomelesspeoplearebadpeople.Somearereally___29___.Manypeoplehatethemfornogoodreason.Inthebeginning,whenmyfamilyandIwentoutonthestreet,wehadtoearn(贏得)their_____30_____.Later,asthey_____31_____useveryweek,theystartedtotrustus.We_____32_____knowsomeoftheirnames.Weallhavetokeepinmindthattheyalsohave_____33_____.Someofthemshakeourhandsforgivingthemfood,and_____34_____us.Someofthemdoreallyfunnydancesbecausetheyare_____35_____.Wehavebecomereally_____36_____toamannamedTonyandhiswife.Aftermeetingwiththemseveraltimes,hehastoldusalotabouthis_____37_____.Hegraduated_____38_____collegeandhasaPHD.HeusedtoteachFrenchandSpanish.Afterwefeedthehomeless,itmakesmeappreciate_____39_____Ihaveathome.Sometimesitmakesmesad,andmakesmymomcry.Ilovefeedingthehomeless,andmakinga_____40_____insomeone’slife.21.A.visit

B.introduce

C.save

D.feed22.A.hopeful

B.exciting

C.special

D.cruel23.A.show

B.journey

C.vacation

D.meal24.A.so

B.when

C.if

D.because25.A.design

B.prepare

C.buy

D.give26.A.bag

B.cook

C.fetch

D.find27.A.passage

B.saying

C.note

D.article28.A.please

B.help

C.love

D.misunderstand29.A.helpful

B.nice

C.funny

D.beautiful30.A.trust

B.trouble

C.disadvantage

D.suffering31.A.served

B.told

C.saw

D.heeded32.A.hardly

B.never

C.sometimes

D.even33.A.words

B.looks

C.opinions

D.feelings34.A.change

B.thank

C.express

D.dislike35.A.happy

B.great

C.surprised

D.angry36.A.low

B.high

C.far

D.close37.A.dream

B.future

C.life

D.friend38.A.from

B.in

C.for

D.at39.A.how

B.what

C.that

D.which40.A.rule

B.profit

C.difference

D.decision参考答案：21.D

22.C

23.B

24.A

25.B

26.A

27.C

28.D

29.B

30.A

31.C

32.D

33.D

34.B

35.A

36.D

37.C

38.A

39.B

40.C这是一篇记叙文。在美国有成千上万的人无家可归，流浪街头，作者及家人每个周末都坚持到街上给流浪者分发食物。出门前，作者及家人都不进食。慢慢地，那些流浪者开始信任作者一家人。作者向流浪者分完食物后，都会感激自己所拥有的一切。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。A.visit拜访；B.introduce介绍；C.save救，节省；D.feed喂（养）。根据第四段Afterwefeedthehomeless,﹍可知，此处填feed。句意：每周六或周日的晚上，我们全家都会出门给无家可归的人提供食物。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.hopeful有希望的；B.exciting令人兴奋的；C.special特别的；D.cruel残酷的。从下一句话可知，此处作者要提一件特别的事情：出去分发食物之前，全家都不吃饭。句意：有一件特别的事情我想说一下。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。A.show展示；B.journey行程；C.vacation假期；D.meal一餐。句意：上街分发食物的行程之前，我们全家都不吃饭。根据上文可知是分发食物的行程，A、C和D选项均不符合题意，都排除，故选B。【24题详解】考查连词辨析。A.so因此；B.when当﹍时；C.if如果；D.because因为。句意：我们这么做，因此我们能知道饥饿的感觉。选项B、C、D均不符合文意，都排除，故选A。【25题详解】考查动词辨析。A.design设计；B.prepare准备；C.buy购买；D.give给予。句意：我们在厨房集合，准备食物。此处作者及家人自己为无家可归的人准备食物，不是购买、设计，也不是给予，选项A、C和D均不符合文意，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词辨析。A.bag打包；B.cook烹饪；C.fetch取，拿；D.find发现。句意：然后我们把食物打包成三十多份。根据下一句话Iliketowriteaspecialnoteonthebagslike“Godlovesyou”.可知，作者喜欢在袋子上留一个便条。故可知此处作者及家人把食物打包，故选A。【27题详解】考查名词辨析。A.passage文章，通道；B.saying谚语；C.note便条；D.article文章。句意：我喜欢在袋子上写个诸如“上帝爱你”的便条。其它选项均不符合题意，利用排除法排除，故选C。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。A.please取悦；B.help帮；C.love爱；D.misunderstand误解。句意：许多人对流浪者存在误解。下一句话Notallhomelesspeoplearebadpeople（不是所有的无家可归的人都是坏人），可知许多人对无家可归的人有误解，所以此处选misunderstand，故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.helpful乐于帮助的，有益的；B.nice很好的；C.funny有趣的；D.beautiful美丽的。句意：一些人真的很好。根据上一句话Notallhomelesspeoplearebadpeople（不是所有的无家可归的人都是坏人），可知有些无家可归的人很好，故选B。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。A.trust信任；B.trouble麻烦；C.disadvantage缺点，不利条件；D.suffering受难，苦楚。根据下文theystartedtotrustus可知，一开始我们要取得他们的信任。句意：起初，当我和家人上街分发食物的时候还需要赢得那些流浪者的信任。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词辨析。A.served为﹍服务；B.told告诉；C.saw看见；D.heeded注意，留心。句意：后来，由于每周他们都能看见我们，也就开始信任我们了。选项A、B、D均不符合文意，故选C。【32题详解】考查副词辨析。A.hardly几乎不；B.never从不；C.sometimes有时；D.even甚至。句意：我们甚至还知道了他们中一些人的名字。我们不仅取得了他们的信任，而且还知道了他们中一些人的名字，这是在信任的基础上进一步的发展，所以用even，故选D。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。A.words语言，单词；B.looks样子；C.opinions观点；D.feelings感情。从下一句可知，流浪者会握住我们的手表达感谢，他们也是有感情的。句意：我们所有的人必须记住他们也是有感情的。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词辨析。A.change改变；B.thank谢谢；C.express表达；D.dislike不喜欢。作者及家人给流浪者分发食物，他们向作者的家人握手表示感谢。句意：有些流浪者会握住我们的手，感谢我们提供食物。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.happy高兴的；B.great伟大的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.angry生气的。有些流浪者跳舞是因为作者及家人给他们分发食物他们很开心。句意：有些流浪者会跳很有趣的舞蹈，因为他们很开心。故选A。【36题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.low低的，矮的；B.high高的；C.far较远的；D.close亲密的。从下文可知，Tony给作者及家人说了很多他的事情，可知作者及家人与Tony走的很亲近。句意：我们与Tony和他的妻子走的很亲近。故选D。【37题详解】考查名词辨析。A.dream梦想；B.future将来；C.life生活，人生；D.friend朋友。从下文可知，Tony大学毕业，曾经教法语和西班牙语，这些都是Tony的生活与人生。句意：见了几次面以后，Tony给我们讲述了他的人生。故选C。【38题详解】考查介词辩词。graduatefrom从﹍毕业，为固定搭配。句意：Tony大学毕业，有博士学位。故选A。【39题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：向流浪者分发完食物以后，我会感激我所拥有的一切。what“所﹍的”，引导宾语从句，在从句中做have的宾语，故选B。【40题详解】考查名词辨析。A.rule规章；B.profit利润；C.difference不同；D.decision决定。makeadifference有影响，起作用，为固定搭配。句意：我喜欢向流浪者食物，喜欢给别人的生活带来一些不同。故选C。三、阅读理解18.BlackholeswerefirstputforwardbyAlbertEinsteinin1916.However,scientistshadnotprovedtheirdirectly.ThatchangedonApril10,2019,withthereleaseofthefirstphotoofablackholeinthecenterofthegalaxy(星系)M87,located55millionlightyearsfromEarth.Thephotodoesnotshowtheblackholeitself.That'sbecausetheyareblackandsotheycan'tbeseeninspace.thescientistsusedradiosignalstocapture(拍摄)theblackhole's"shadow"—thebrightringthatformsarounditsedge,whenlightbendsbecauseoftheextremegravityaroundthehole.TheM87blackhole,believedtohaveamass6.5billiontimesthatofoursun,wascapturedusingtheEventHorizonTelescope(EHT)—anetworkofeightpowerfultelescopes(望远镜.)Thetelescopes，locatedinHawaii,Arizona,Chile,Mexico,SpainandAntarctica,separatelycapturedtheblackholl'sradiosignalsoverfournightsinApril2017,whentheweatherwasfineinallsixplaces.Thedatawastranspcriedtoacentrewhereitwasdealtwithbyasupercomputertoformthephotooftheblackhole'sshadow.Theresearcherssaywhilethephotoisslightlyblurry,futurephotoswillbeclearerasmoretelescopesareaddedtotheEHT.Black'holesarenoteasytocaptureoncamerabecause

theyaresurroundedbythickdustyandhotgases.Blackholesareareasinspacewherethepullingstrengthofgravityissopowerfulthatevenlightisunabletoescape.Theycanbedifferentwidelyinsizeandmass.Thesmallest,

called"primordial"blackholesareassmallasasingleatombutwithamassofabigmountain."Stellar''blackholes,whicharethemostcommon,haveadiameter(直径)ofabout10milesandamass20timesthatofoursun.Thelargestor“supermassive''blackholes,similartothatofM87's,canhaveamass.greaterthanmillions,orevenbillionsofsunscombined.29.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.Einstein'spredicticnaboutblackholesisright.B.Einsteincapturedtheblackholeacenturyago.C.Scientistshaven'tprovedblackholes'presence.D.Theblackholehasbeenknownforcenturies.30.Whatdidthescientistsusetocapturetheblackhole's"shadow"?A.Moonlight. B.Naturallight. C.Radiosignals. D.Soundwaves.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blurry”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A.Notbig. B.Notclear. C.Notnew. D.Notattractive.32.WhatcanweknowabouttheM87blackhole?A.Itisalmostempty. B.Itisthesmallestone. C.Itisverybright. D.Itisverylarge.参考答案：29.A

30.C

31.B

32.D【分析】本文为说明文。日前，美国科学家公布了人类拍摄的第一张黑洞的照片，这张照片直接证实了爱因斯坦关于黑洞预言的准确性。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段内容“BlackholeswerefirstputforwardbyAlbertEinsteinin1916.However,scientistshadnotprovedtheirdirectly.ThatchangedonApril10,2019,withthereleaseofthefirstphotoofablackholeinthecenterofthegalaxy(星系)M87,located55millionlightyearsfromEarth.”黑洞是爱因斯坦于1916年首次提出的。科学家当时只是还能直接证明。在2019年4月10日有了银河系中心的一个黑洞（M87）第一张照片，距离地球5500万光年。可以判断，第一张黑洞照片的公布证实了爱因斯坦关于黑洞预言的正确性。故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“thescientistsusedradiosignalstocapture(拍摄)theblackhole's"shadow"可知，科学家使用无线电信号来拍摄黑洞的“阴影”。故选C。【31题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的转换连词“while”可知，前后两句意思是相反的。根据后一句“futurephotoswillbeclearerasmoretelescopesareaddedtotheEHT”未来的照片将会更清晰，可知，与之相反的是“不清晰的”。结合后面的“Black'holesarenoteasytocaptureoncamerabecause

theyaresurroundedbythickdustyandhotgases”可知黑洞不容易被摄像机捕捉到，因为它们被厚厚的尘埃和热气体包围着。由此可判断，blurry是“不清晰的”即“模糊不清的”意思。分析选项可知B符合题意，故选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Thelargestor‘supermassive’blackholes,similartothatofM87’s”可知，M87黑洞属于超大型黑洞。故选D。【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第3小题属于词意猜测题。根据划线词前的转换连词“while”可知，前后两句意思是相反的。根据后一句“futurephotoswillbeclearerasmoretelescopesareaddedtotheEHT”未来的照片将会更清晰，可知，与之相反的是“不清晰“。结合后面的“Black'holesarenoteasytocaptureoncamerabecause

theyaresurroundedbythickdustyandhotgases”可知黑洞不容易被摄像机捕捉到，因为它们被厚厚的尘埃和热气体包围着。由此可判断，blurry是“不清晰的”即“模糊不清的”意思。分析选项可知B符合题意，故选B。19.请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。It’snevertoolatetorightyourwrongs,bigorsmall.WorkingashardasIhadbeenovertheyears,Ihadbecomedisconnectedfrom（失去联系的）thepeoplewhomatteredmosttome.Idecidedtospendayearreconnectingwithmyfriendsandsandmakingamends(补偿).IdevotedmyselftocaringforwhatIcalled“myunfinishedbusiness”,whichhashelpedmebecomeamoreattentivehusband,father,sonandfriend—andahappier,moreenergeticperson.NowthatI’vehadagoodopportunitytorevisitmypastmistakes—andexperiencetherewardsoffixingthem—I’dliketosharesomeofthelessonsIhavelearned:Haveyoulosttouchwithpeoplewhowereimportanttoyou?Aretherethingsyou’vedoneornotdonethatareinfrontofyou?Aretherepeopleinyourlifeyoudon’tknowhowmuchtheymeanttoyou?Listyourunfinishedbusinessandtakeactiontodealwithit.Insteadoftryingtoputanendtothecoldwardividingyourfamily,beginwithasmallthingyoucancontrol.ApologizetoyourbrotherfornotattendinghisSuperBowlparty.Respondtoane-mailyoushouldhaveansweredaweekago.Writeanoteormakeacall.Noma