山西省临汾市中条山有色金属公司侯马社区学校2021年高一英语下学期期末试题含解析

山西省临汾市中条山有色金属公司侯马社区学校2021年高一英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Inthecenterofthesquare_________astatuewhichisthesymbolofourschool.A.lying

B.stand

Clie

Dstands参考答案：D2.Beingabusinessman,myfatheris____thatheneverhastimeformeandthefamily.A.sobusyperson

B.suchbusypersonC.sobusyaperson

D.suchbusyaperson参考答案：C3.Wordcame______ourdutieswouldbechanged.A.that

B.which

C.whether

D.when参考答案：A略4.---SomeChinesestudentsfinditdifficulttounderstandnativespeakerswheninLondon.

----Exactly,______they’velearnedalotaboutgrammarandknownmanywords.

A.asif

B.asthough

C.evenif

D.when参考答案：C5.Anewamusementparkinourcityhasopenedwith______computertechniques.A.up-to-date

B.man-made

C.near-sighted

D.peace-loving参考答案：A6.—MyGod!I’mgettinglateagain，whatwillmybosssay?

—Trytokeep________;wewillthinkofanexcuse．

A．silentB．calm

C．still

D．quiet参考答案：B略7.Iwillappreciateitifyoue-mailtheanswerstome_______convenient.A.whenitisB.whenyouareC.whenitwillbeD.atyour参考答案：A略8._______breaksthelawwillbepunished.A.Whoever

B.Nomatterwho

C.Whenever

D.Whatever参考答案：A9.

Isthisthehouse____thegreatmusicianwasbornin?

A.which

B.where

C.theone

D.it参考答案：A10.Ihopenothingwillpreventyoufromcoming,aswe're________yourvisit.

A.attachingto

B.applyingto C.lookingforwardto

D.payingattentionto参考答案：C11.Seeingthe

snake,thegirlstoodtherewitha

lookonherface.A.frightened;frightened B.frightened;frighteningC.frightening;frightening D.frightening;frightened参考答案：D12.Hasthedoctor_______calledfor?

A.referredtobeing

B.referredtobeen

C.referringtobeing

D.referredtobe参考答案：B略13.Hepromised_____backinafewminutes.

A.toring B.ringing C.rang D.toberinging参考答案：A略14.

Thegirlwasfrightenedbythetiger______hereyes_____.

A.with;wideopen

B.for;widelyopen

C.with;widelyopen

D.for;wideopen参考答案：A15.Weknowsuchpeoplearenot___.A.torelyon

B.tobereliedupon

C.toberelied

D.torelyupon参考答案：B16.Whenthewholeareawas____bytheflood,thegovernmentsentfood

therebyhelicopter.

A.cutoff

B.cutdown

C.brokendown

D.brokenout参考答案：A二、完型填空17.Gouldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!”___53___helpingyoufeelcloseand___54___topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa___55___ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou___56___gettingsickthiswinter.Inarecentstudy___57___over400healthyadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs___58___theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing___59___tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome___60___withacold,andtheresearchers___61___thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging___62___about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.___63___amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere___64___.“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe___65___riskforcoldsthat’susually___66___withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps___67___thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp___68___difficulty.”Someexperts___69___thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone”___70___itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmothersandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit___71___inthebrain,whereit___72___mood,behaviorandphysiology.(283words)53.A.Unlike

B.Besides

C.Despite

D.Throughout54.A.connected

B.restricted

C.equal

D.inferior55.A.choice

B.view

C.lesson

D.host56.A.recall

B.forget

C.avoid

D.keep57.A.collecting

B.involving

C.guiding

D.affecting58.A.of

B.in

C.at

D.on59.A.devoted

B.exposed

C.lost

D.attracted60.A.across

B.along

C.down

D.out61.A.calculated

B.denied

C.doubted

D.imagined62.A.served

B.required

C.restored

D.explained63.A.Even

B.Still

C.Rather

D.Thus64.A.defeats

B.symptoms

C.tests

D.errors65.A.minimized

B.highlighted

C.controlled

D.increased66.A.equipped

B.associated

C.presented

D.compared67.A.assess

B.moderate

C.generate

D.record68.A.inthefaceof

B.intheformof

C.inthewayof

D.inthenameof69.A.transfer

B.commit

C.attribute

D.return70.A.because

B.unless

C.though

D.until71.A.emerges

B.vanishes

C.remains

D.decreases72.A.experiences

B.combines

C.justifies

D.influences参考答案：53.B

54.A

55.D

56.C

57.B

58.D

59.B

60.C

61.A

62.D

63.A

64.B

65.D

66.B

67.C

68.A

69.C

70.A

71.C

72.D文章介绍了拥抱带给人们的各种益处。53.B考查副词。句意：除了帮助你感觉与你关心的人亲近有关联外，事实证明拥抱能给你的身体和精神带来很多健康益处。A.Unlike不同的；B.Besides除了，另外；C.Despite尽管；D.Throughout自始至终。故选B。54.A考查形容词。句意：除了帮助你感觉与你关心的人亲近有关联外，事实证明拥抱能给你的身体和精神带来很多健康益处。A.connected有联系的；B.restricted受限制的；C.equal平等的；D.inferior差的，自卑的。故选A。55.D考查名词。句意：除了帮助你感觉与你关心的人亲近有关联外，事实证明拥抱能给你的身体和精神带来很多健康益处A.choice选择；B.view观察；C.lesson教训；D.host主人，很多，短语ahostof许多，众多。故选D。56.C考查动词。句意：信不信由你，一个温暖的拥抱甚至可以帮助你在这个冬天避免生病。A.recall回想起；B.forget忘记；C.avoid避免；D.keep保持。故选C。57.B考查动词。句意：在最近的一项涉及400名健康成年人的研究中。A.collecting收集；B.involving涉及；C.guiding指导，管理；D.affecting感染。故选B。58.D考查介词。句意：来自宾夕法尼亚州卡耐基梅隆大学的研究人员研究了感知到的社会支持的影响，以及在暴露于病毒之后，参与者对患上普通感冒的敏感性。Theeffectsonsomething对…的影响。故选D。59.B考查动词。句意：来自宾夕法尼亚州卡耐基梅隆大学的研究人员研究了感知到的社会支持的影响，以及在暴露于病毒之后，参与者对患上普通感冒的敏感性。A.devoted献身，致力于；B.exposed暴露；C.lost遗失；D.attracted吸引。故选B。60.C考查介词。句意：那些认为社会支持更大的人患感冒的可能性更小。短语comedownwith染上病。故选C。61.A考查动词。句意：研究人员计算出，拥抱的减压效果可以解释32%的有益效果。A.calculated计算；B.denied拒绝；C.doubted怀疑；D.imagined想象。故选A。62.D考查动词。句意：研究人员计算出，拥抱的减压效果可以解释32%的有益效果。A.served服务；B.required要求；C.restored修复；D.explained解释。故选D。63.A考查副词。句意：即使是那些感冒的人，那些感到更大的社会支持和更频繁的拥抱的人，症状也不那么严重。A.Even即使；B.Still仍然；C.Rather宁可，宁愿；D.Thus因此。故选A。64.B考查名词。句意：即使是那些感冒的人，那些感到更大的社会支持和更频繁的拥抱的人，症状也不那么严重。A.defeats击败，打败；B.symptoms症状；C.tests测试；D.errors错误。故选B。65.D考查动词。句意：拥抱可以保护那些因患感冒而受到压力的人免受感冒所增加的风险，而这通常与压力有关。A.minimized减少；B.highlighted使显著；C.controlled控制；D.increased增加。故选D。66.B考查动词。句意：而这通常与压力有关。A.equipped装备；B.associated联系；C.presented提出，递呈；D.compared比较。故选B。67.C考查名词。句意：拥抱是亲密关系的标志，有助于产生他人在面对困难时帮助他人的感觉。A.assess评估；B.moderate节制，减轻；C.generate产生；D.record记录。故选C。68.A考查介词短语。句意：拥抱是亲密关系的标志，有助于产生他人在面对困难时帮助他人的感觉。A.inthefaceof面对；B.intheformof以…形式；C.inthewayof关于…的方面；D.inthenameof以…的名义。故选A。69.C考查动词。句意：一些专家认为，拥抱释放催产素会带来的压力减少、与健康有关的好处，通常被称为“成键激素”。A.transfer使转移；B.commit犯罪；C.attribute归属，把…归于；D.return返回；故选C。70.A考查连词。句意：因为它能错觉人际关系中的依恋。A.because因为；B.unless除非；C.though虽然，尽管；D.until直到…才。故选A。71.C考查动词。句意：但其中一些仍留在大脑中。A.emerges浮现；B.vanishes消失；C.remains仍然；D.decreases减少。故选C。72.D考查动词。句意：影响情绪、行为和生理。A.experiences经历；B.combines使联合；C.justifies证明；D.influences影响。故选D。三、阅读理解18.Scientistsstudythenaturalworldbyusingthe"scientificmethod".Whenascientistobservessomephenomenon(现象)innaturehedevelopsanidea,calledatheoryorhypothesis(假设).Thenhedoesanexperimenttotesthishypothesis.Iftheresultsareasexpected,thentheexperimentconfirmsthehypothesis.Iftheexperimentfailsandtheresultsarenotasexpected,thentheexperimentdisprovesthehypothesisandthescientistmustcomeupwithanewtheorytotest.Inancienttimesgreatthinkerscameupwithcomplextheoriestoexplainnature,butdidnotalwaysprovethembyexperiment.Forexample,thegreatGreekthinkerAristotle,forcenturies,hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjectsuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfoundithadbeenwrong.Here'sanexperimentthatyoucanusetoproveordisproveacommon-sensetheory:STEP1:Obtainanemptybottlewithasmallneck.Adiameterof1/2inchshouldbeperfect.STEP2:Cutasheetofnotebookpapertoasquarefiveinchesoneachside.STEP3:Crumple(揉皱)thepaperintoatightwad(团).STEP4:Laythebottleonitssideandplacethepapersoitliesloosely(松松地)intheneckofthebottle.Constructatheoryaboutwhatwillhappenifyoublowhardtowardsit.Acommon-sensetheorymightbethatthewadwouldbeblownintothebottle.Nowconductyourexperimenttoseewhatreallyhappens.Ifyourtheoryisthatthewadwouldbeblownintothebottle,yourexperimentprobablywillgiveyouunexpectedresults.Inmostcasesthewadisblownoutoftheneckofthebottleintheoppositedirection.Anewtheorymightbethatwindrushingintothebottlecreatesawhirlwind(旋风)ofaircurrents(气流)intheclosedspacepushingthewadout.61.Theauthorwrotethetextmainlyto

.A.explainthesecretofnature

B.teachushowtodoanexperimentC.showtheimportanceofexperiments

D.callonpeopletolearnfromscientists62.Theunderlinedword"confirms"inthefirstparagraph

means

.A.develops

B.shows

C.produce

D.proves63.Aristotlemadeamistakeinhistheoryprobablybecause

.A.theorieschangeastimepasses

B.hedidn'tproveitbydoingexperimentsC.hedependedoncommon-sensetoomuch

D.hewaslessexperiencedthanGalileo64.Thebesttitleforthistextcouldbe

.A.TheoryIsBasedonPractice

B.TestingTheoriesC.ChallengingYourCommonSense

D.PracticeMakesPerfect参考答案：61.C

62.D

63.B

64.A本文是一篇说明文。这篇作者通过论述并举例说明，告诉我们理论是以实践为基础的。【61题详解】推理判断题。文章作者通过论述并举例说明，主要告诉我们使用科学的方法做实验的重要性。故选C。【62题详解】词义猜测题。根据后句Iftheexperimentfailsandtheresultsarenotasexpected,thentheexperimentdisprovesthehypothesisandthescientistmustcomeupwithanewtheorytotest.如果实验失败，结果不像预期的那样，那么实验就否定了假设，科学家必须提出一个新的理论来验证，可以猜测科学家做实验时为了证实他的假设。故选D。【63题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段Forexample,thegreatGreekthinkerAristotle,forcenturies,hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjectsuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfoundithadbeenwrong.直到科学家伽利略做了一个实验，发现这个理论是错误的。可以推测出，亚里士多德理论犯错误的原因是他没有通过实验来证明他的理论。故选B。【64题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章可知，这篇作者通过论述并举例说明，告诉我们理论是以实践为基础的。故选A。19.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Whydidthechickencrosstheroad?Togettotheotherside.Mostpeopleknowthisjoke.Butrecently,somepeoplehavebeenmuchmoreworriedabouthowthegrizzlybearandmountainlioncancrosstheroad.“MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonU.S.roads,”theFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheU.S.today.Themainreason?Roadkill.“Eco-passages”mayhelpanimalscrosstheroadwithoutbeinghitbycars.Theyarepathsbothoverandunderroads.“Theseeco-passagescanbeextremelyuseful,sothatwildlifecanavoidroadaccidents,”saidJodiHiltyoftheWildlifeProtectionSociety.Butdoanimalsactuallyusetheeco-passages?

Theanswerisyes.PaulBeierofNorthernArizonaUniversityfoundfootmarksleftbymountainlionsonaneco-passagethatwentunderahighway.Thisshowedthatthelionsusedthepassage.Buildersof