2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市留仙中学高一英语期末试卷含解析

2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市留仙中学高一英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1._______timegoesby,computersaremadesmallerandsmallerandnobodyknowsforsurehowsmall_______bemadebuttheremustbealimit.A.With;theycan

B.As;theycan

C.When;theycan

D.While;canthey参考答案：B2.Childrenneedalottogrowup,but________theyneedloveandcare.A．aboveall

B．inall

C．atall

D．afterall参考答案：A3.

IthoughtTomwasdroppinghisheadlow______thetext,_____,infacthewassleeping.A.toread,

when

B.tobereading,

since

C.read,

where

D.reading,

while参考答案：D4.Taiwan,whichisaprovinceofChina,lies______China.A.inthesoutheastof

B.onthesoutheastof

C.offthesoutheastof

D.tothesoutheastof参考答案：A略5.________downwhattheexpertwillsayatthemeeting,willyou?Whichofthefollowingisnotright?A.Put

B.SetC.Write

D.Take参考答案：A考查短语辨析。A.Putdown镇压

B.Setdown制定

，记下C.Writedown写下

D.Take

down记下。句意为记下专家将在会上说什么，好吗？A不符合语境，故选A。6.Yourfriendacts______hewereatrustworthypersonbutasamatteroffactheseldomkeeps_____.Soremembernottotrusthimwithanythingimportant.

A.asif;hiswords

B.asthough;hisword

C.evenif;hispromise

D.eventhough;hispromises参考答案：B略7.He______havewatchedTVathomeforIsawhimintheclassroom．（）A．shouldn't B．couldn't C．mustn't D．maynot参考答案：B．他不可能在家看电视，因为我看见他在教室里．本题考查情态动词辨析；shouldn't不应该；couldn't不可能；mustn't禁止；maynot也许不；根据语境，因为我看见他在教室，所以推断他"不可能"在家看电视，所以答案选择B．8.---Wheredidyoumeethim?---Well……Perhapsitwasinthefactory_____.A.thatImethim

B.whereIvisitedC.whereIworked5yearsago

D.towhichIvisited参考答案：C9.Thegentleman____youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.

A.who

B.aboutwhom

C.whom

D.withwhom参考答案：B10.Thehurricanedamagedmanyhousesandbusinessbuildings;______，itcaused20deaths.A．orelse

B．therefore

C．afterall

D．what'smore参考答案：D11.---Mr.Black,mayIaskyouaquestion?---_________________.A.That’sgreat

B.Goodidea

C.Goahead

D.Forgetit参考答案：C12.Comparedwithhissister,Fredisevenmore

toemotionalandrelationshipproblems.

A.sensitive

B.likely

C.fierce

D.harmful参考答案：A略13._____,Ithink,andtheproblemcouldbesettled.

A.Ifyoumakeyourefforts

B.Solongasyoukeepyourspirits

C.Abitmoreefforts

D.makinggreatefforts参考答案：C略14.—Today,womencanhavechildrenaswellasjobs.—______.It’sgreattohavethetwotogether.A.Ican’tagreemore

B.I’mafraidnotC.Idon’tthinkso

D.Ibelievenot参考答案：A略15.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway______hesaidit.A.which

B.that

C.who

D.what参考答案：B解析：名词way后面的定语从句通常有三种形式，即：thewaythat/inwhich/×.27.I’mnotsurewhetherJohn______hisparentshasarrived.A.aswell

B.aswellasC.asusual

D.assoonas参考答案：B略二、新的题型17.Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.___16___Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.___17___We

knowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing(加强)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.

___18___Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.___19___Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.IfTononi’stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight’s,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.___20___“Youkeepwhatmatters,”Tononisays.A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.B.It’sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.C.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.D.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.E.That’swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.F.“Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,”saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.G.Tononi’steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.参考答案：16.C

17.E

18.F

19.G

20.B试题分析：本文讲述了人和动物为什么需要睡眠的一些理论以及睡眠的重要性。【16题详解】根据前一句Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.羊，老鼠如果不睡觉，一个月他们就死了，同样，人几天不睡觉，也会生病，人和动物对应起来，死和生病形成对应，故选C。【17题详解】根据前一句提到的睡觉有助于帮助我们加强新的记忆，所以学生在学习新知识后如果有机会睡一觉，他们在考试中就会表现得更好，前后逻辑关系很顺畅，因果联系，故选E。【18题详解】根据下文中的he，可知此处要提到一个人，以及他的理论，正好F项中有，故选F。19题详解】根据下文中提到的关键词synapsesinthe

mice以及整个句子可知，他肯定做了关于老鼠的实验，G项有关键词synapses，mice，都与他的实验有关，故答案为G。【20题详解】根据后一句提到的Youkeepwhatmatters,你记住重要的东西，可知大脑会把最重要的记忆保存下来，前后逻辑关系顺畅，故选B。

三、阅读理解18.Adultsarehappytotelltheirchildrenthatcrusts(面包皮)willgivethemcurlyhair,carrotswillhelpthemseeinthedark,andspinachwillmakethemstrong.Eventhoughadultsknowit'snottotallytrue,theythinkit'sgoodfortheirchildren'shealth,astudyhadfound.Inastudyabout31percentofadultssaidtheyoncetoldtheirchildrenthecurlyhairtale,and36percentsaidthey'dbeentoldthesamethingbytheirmotherorfather.Amongtheover-50s,almosthalfsaidthey'dbeenpromisedcurlyhairiftheyatetheircrusts.Aquarterofthe2,000adultsquestionedinthestudytoldtheirchildrencarrotswouldhelpthemseeinthedark.ThiscouldbetruetosomeextentbecauseofthehighlevelsofvitaminAandbeta-caroteneinrootvegetables.Anotherfavoriteamongparentsisthatmilkwillmakeonestrong.Athirdsurveyedsaidtheirparentstoldthemthis,andabout29percentsaidtheytoldtheirchildrenthesamething.Butwhilethereisplentyofevidencetosuggestmilkisgoodforpeople'shealth,therearealsoalotofscientificpaperssayingitisn't.ThankstoPopeye,spinachisalsofedtochildren,alongwiththeideathatitwillmakethemstrong.Whilethereisalsosometruthinthisone,scientistsnowbelieveitisnottheiron,buttheinorganicnitrates(无机硝酸盐)thatimprovephysicalpower.Oneinsevenofthesurveyedadmittedtellingtheirlittleonesthatrunnerbeanswillmakethemrunfaster,whichisnothingmorethanwordplayandhasnobasisinscience.Almostoneinfiveadultsweresubjectedtothesametaleinchildhood.Justoveronein10parentstoldtheirchildrengreenfoodwouldturnthemintoasuperhero,andaquarteradmittedhidingvegetablesinmeals.LyndsayJones,spokesmanforPersilWashingUpLiquid,said,"It'sclearthatthemostpersuasivestoriesaboutfoodarepassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.Ourresearchshowsthattheideascontinue,andwetellourkidsthesamethingsourparentstoldus,evenifthey'renotalwaysentirelytrue."Crustsmaynotmakeyourhaircurly,butthere'splentyofresearchthatsayscrustscontainmoreofthegoodnessthantherestofaloaf.Hopefully,asaresultofourCookwithKidspromise,moreparentswillbeencouragedtospendtimewiththeirchildreninthekitchenandteachthemthetruthaboutfood.12.WecanknowfromParagraph3that________.A.athirdpeopleareforcedtodrinkmilkbytheirparentsB.milkisbeneficialtochildren'sphysicalstrengthC.thereisdoubtwhethermilkishelpfultopeople'shealthD.about29percentpeoplewishtheirchildrengoodhealth13.WhichofthefollowingdoesLyndsayJonesagree?A.Adultsarewillingtoteachtheir