金榜名师推荐2015年高考英语大一轮复习课件课时作业梯级演练强技提能阶段评估检测专用选修613份6 unit

Unit

4Helping

people

around

the

world【话题词汇】1.responsibilityn.责任2.traditionn.传统3.qualityn.品质4.difficultyn.困难5.offerv.提供6.gratefuladj.感激的7.meaningfuladj.有意义的8.immediatelyadv.立刻,马上9.besupposed

to理应,应当10.

give

sb.

ahand帮助某人11.

be

kind

to友好对待12.

dependon依靠,依赖13.

in

one’s

view在某人看来14.

carefor关心15.

in

trouble处于困境中【经典语篇】(2013·陕西高考)假定你是李华,

请根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记,

记述你周末帮助家人做家务的一次经历。写作要点:1.

做家务的理由;做家务的过程;你的感受。[事情起因]I

am

an

18-year-old

middle

school

student.Ihave

been

busy

with

my

study

and

seldom

help

my

parentswith

the

housework.①Feeling

quite

sorry

for

that,

I

begin

tothink

about

whatto

doto

help.[事情经过]Last

Sunday,when

my

parents

went

outshopping,I

suddenly

got

an

idea:why

not

give

the

rooms

athorough

cleaning?

②

Firstly

I

collected

all

the

books,newspapers

and

other

things

scattered

in

the

rooms

and

putthem

in

place.

Then

I

wiped

the

dust

off

all

the

furniture.After

that,

I

swept

and

mopped

the

floors.[个人感受]At

this

very

moment,my

parents

came

backand

were

quite

surprised

to

see

all

the

rooms

tidy

and

floorsshining.My

mother

gave

me

a

hug

and

I

could

see

satisfactionin

her

eyes.Tired

as

I

was,I

never

felt

so

happy.【厚积薄发】Ⅰ.完成句子当我们看到有人处于困境中时,我们理应伸出援助之手。When

we

see

someone

in

trouble

,

we

are

supposed

to

give

him/her

ahand

.我们都有关心下一代的责任。We

all

have

the

responsibility

to

care

forthe

nextgeneration.Ⅱ.句型转换把句①改为原因状语从句。

Because

I

feel

quitesorry

for

that

,

I

begin

tothinkaboutwhatto

dotohelp.把句②中的过去分词改为定语从句作定语。Firstly

I

collectedall

thebooks,

newspapers

and

other

things

that

were

scattered

in

the

roomsand

putthem

inplace.令人敬重的;值得的,相称的;有价值的购得;获得,得到扩展,发展(业务);扩大,增强重要的;令人愉快的;值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)可供替代的可供选择的事物Ⅰ.单词➡分类记忆【核心单词】不可不记

worthy

(adj.)

acquire

(vt.

)

expand

(vi.

&

vt.)worthwhile

(adj.)5.

alternative

(adj.)(n.

)

means

(n.)手段,方法

lack

(n.

&

vt.

)缺乏→

lacking

(adj.)缺乏的;

短缺的equal

(adj.

)平等的;同等的

(n.)同等的人;相等物(vt.)与……相同或相等→

equally

(adv.)相等地→equality(n.)同等,

平等contribute(vt.&

vi.)捐献,捐赠,捐助;贡献;促成,导致→contribution

(n.

)贡献;

捐献;

投稿→contributor

(n.

)贡献者;捐献者;投稿人(vt.)占有;10.

possession

(n.)个人财产;拥有,具有→

possess拥有;具有→

possessed

(adj.)拥有的,具有的11.

remind的事物(vt.

)提醒,

使想起→

reminder

(n.

)暗示;

提醒人【高频单词】不可不知同事空着的,未被占用的;(职位)空缺的描写(文字),形容,说明描述,形容;描绘志愿的;自愿的,主动的colleague

(n.

)vacant(adj.

)description

(n.

)→

describe

(vt.

)

voluntary

(adj.

)→

volunteer

(n.)志愿者(v.)自愿做urgent

(adj.)紧急的,紧迫的→urgency(n.)紧急;紧急的事starvation(n.)饥饿;挨饿;饿死→

starve

(vt.&vi.)(使)饿死,(使)挨饿

troublesome

(adj.

)麻烦的,

讨厌的,

棘手的→

trouble

(n.

)麻烦,烦恼(v.)(使)烦恼,(使)麻烦除……以外(还),此外使(某人)察觉到但愿出故障;抛锚Ⅱ.短语➡双语互译1.

谈及,提到;与……相关,涉及;查阅,参考

refer

to

in

addition

draw

someone’s

attention

to

4.

在……的保护下,在……的管理下under

the

umbrella

of

if

only

break

downin

chaosstop

sb.

from

doingsth.get

hold

ofaccess

toremind

somebody

ofthinkbacktomakeadifference处于混乱状态

阻止某人做某事得到;抓住通向……的入口,通道;有权使用

让某人想起……,提醒某人……

回想有作用(关系、影响)语境取词——选用上面的单词或短语填空In

order

to

acquire(得到)the

support

of

the

people,he

referred

to

(谈及)his

programme:

to

realize

the

equality(平等)of

all

the

people,to

solve

the

starvation(饥饿),to

expand

(扩大)the

export

of

goods

and

to

settle

the

environment

pollution

andlack

of

water.Ⅲ.句型➡超级仿写1.

as引导非限制性定语从句My

job

with

the

UN

is

not

paid

but

voluntary,

and

as

I

said

before

(正如我前面所说的),I

visit

countries

where

the

UNhas

programmes

to

help

people.【仿写】众所周知,人离开空气或水就不能生存。

As

is

known

to

all

,

man

can’t

livewithout

air

or

water.2.If

only引导的虚拟语气Ifonly(要是……,但愿……就好了)I

were

aGoodwillAmbassador!【仿写】要是他能参加我们的聚会就好了!

Ifonly

hewouldjoin

our

party!

3.

不定式作结果状语Arrived

here

to

find(结果却发现)everything

was

in

chaos.【仿写】我从家里一路走到图书馆,结果却发现它已经关门了。I

walked

all

the

way

from

home

tothe

library

to

find

it

closed

.4.

现在分词作结果状语Instead

of

sand

blowing

everywhere,

there

is

mud

and

watereverywhere,

making

itdifficult

to(使得……很困难)travelfrom

place

to

place.【仿写】无论是人造光还是自然光都将点亮房间,让它看起来更大。Both

artificial

andnatural

lightwillbrighten

uparoom,

making

it

lookbigger

.【重点单词】1.

lack

n.&

vt.缺乏【填一填➡激活思维】①Theplant

died

for

lack

of

water.植物因缺水而枯死了。②He

is

good

at

his

job

but

he

seems

to

lack

confidence

.他工作不错,但似乎缺乏信心。a

lack

of

+n.no

lackof缺乏(多用于否定句中)需求;需要因缺乏……缺乏……不缺乏(3)lacking

be

lackinginadj.短缺的;缺乏的(在抽象事物方面)缺乏【记一记➡构建知识】lack

+n.(1)v.lack

for+n.for/through

lack

of+n.(2)n.*Since

she

is

young,

she

is

lackingin

experience.由于年轻,她缺乏经验。*They

lackedfor

nothing.他们无所需求。【悟一悟➡参透误区】lack是表示状态的及物动词,

不用于被动结构,

也不用于进行时的句子中。2.equal

adj.平等的;同等的,相同的;胜任的n.同等的人;相等物vt.与……相同或相等,敌得上【填一填➡激活思维】①The

two

books

are

more

or

less

equal

in

length.这两本书篇幅差不多。②Three

feet

is

roughly

equal

to

one

meter.3英尺大体上等于1

米。③I’m

sure

he

is

equal

to

the

task.我确信他有能力承担这个任务。④He

is

a

scientist

without

equal,

because

his

achievement

isunlikelyto

be

equalled

.他是位无与伦比的科学家,因为他的成就没有能与之匹敌的。【记一记➡构建知识】(1)be/feel

equal

to

(doing)sth.

(in.

..

)(在……方面)与……相等;能胜任equal

sb.

/sth.

in

(doing)sth.在(做)某事上比得过,敌得过某人/物(be)

withoutequal(2)equally

equality无与伦比adv.相等地,相同地n.平等,同等;均等*They

hold

the

view

that

people

are

born

equal

and

should

betreated

equally.他们认为人们生来平等,应该被同等对待。*She

did

not

feel

equal

to

receiving

visitors.她身体不适,不能接见客人。*He

equals

me

in

strength

but

not

inintelligence.他和我力气相等,但智力不同。3.

contributevt.&

vi.捐献,捐赠,捐助;贡献,促成;导致【填一填➡激活思维】观察句子,写出黑体部分的含义。①I

believe

that

each

of

us

can

contribute

to

the

futureoftheworld.(做出贡献)②Many

millionaires

and

billionaires

are

keen

on

contributingto

charities.(捐助)③He

contributed

(an

article)

to

China

Daily.(投稿)④These

jobs

contribute

to

the

achievement

of

variousecological,

economic,

and

social

goals.(有助于,促成)⑤His

carelessness

is

said

to

have

contributed

to

her

death.(

导致)【看一看➡巧学助记】Many

people

contributed

money

to

Project

Hope,

whichcontributed

to

many

children

returning

to

school. A

teacherwrote

an

article

about

this

and

contributeditto

a

newspaper.许多人给希望工程捐钱,

使许多孩子重返校园。一位老师据此写了一篇文章并向报社投了稿。4.worthwhileadj.重要的;令人愉快的;值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)【填一填➡激活思维】那个地方值得游览。(一句多译)①The

place

is

worth

visiting

.②The

place

isworth

_a_

visit

.③Theplaceis

worthy

of

a

visit

.④Theplaceis

worthy

of

being

visited.⑤Theplaceis

worthy

to

be

visited.⑥It

is

worthwhile

visiting

the

place.⑦It

is

worthwhile

to

visit

the

place.【辨一辨➡明晰异同】worth-while作表语或定语;常用very修饰;It’s

worthwhiledoing/to

do

sth.worth只作表语;常用well表示“非常”,而一般不用

very;beworth+n./pron./v.-ing(动名词的主动形式表被动意义)worthy作表语或定语;常用very修饰;be

worthy

of+n./

being

done;

be

worthy

to

be

done5.

alternative

adj.可供替代的;两者择一的,(两者中)非此即彼的n.可供选择的事物;取舍,抉择【填一填➡激活思维】①Is

there

an

alternative

to

surgery

for

thiscomplaint?除了手术外,这种疾病还有其他治疗方法吗?②I’m

afraid

I

have

no

alternative

but

to

report

you

tothe

police.恐怕除了向警方告发你以外,我是别无选择了。【记一记➡构建知识】analternativefor

sb.给某人的选择analternativeto

……的替换物have

little/no

alternativebutto

do除做……外几乎/完全没有其他选择6.means

n.[C]手段,方法[pl.]财富;钱财【填一填➡激活思维】①Allpossible

means

have

been

tried.=Every

means

has

been

tried

.一切办法都试过了。②He

lacks

the

means

to

support

alargefamily.他无钱养活一个大家庭。(做)某事的方法【记一记➡构建知识】(1)ameansof

(doing)sth.meansof

munication(2)bymeansofby

allmeansby

nomeans生产工具/运输工具/通信手段用,依靠;通过无论如何;千方百计地;当然可以(口语)绝对不;无论如何都不(用于句首,句子要倒装)*“Shall

I

ask

him

to

come

in?”“By

allmeans.”

“我请他进来好吗?”“当然可以。”*By

no

means

is

thisthe

first

time

you

have

been

late.这绝对不是你第一次迟到了。【拓展延伸】means是单复数同形(永远有词尾-s)的单词,

若用其作主语,其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。有时用作主语其单复数意思不明,

则谓语可用单数也可用复数。7.

remind

vt.提醒;使想起【填一填➡激活思维】①Thefilm

reminded

him

of

what

hehad

seenin

China.这部影片使他回想起他在中国所看到的一切。②Be

sure

to

remind

her

to

come

backearly.一定要提醒她早点回来。③Imust

remind

him

that

timeis

money.我必须提醒他时间就是金钱。【记一记➡构建知识】

remind

sb.

of/aboutsth.remind

sb.

to

do

sth.提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事提醒某人做某事remind

(sb.)that/how/what

从句提醒(某人)……【拓展延伸】与remind用法相类似的短语还有:rob

sb.

of

sth.warnsb.

of

sth.accuse

sb.

of

sth.suspect

sb.

of

sth.convince

sb.

of

sth.inform

sb.

of

sth.cure

sb.

of

sth.抢劫某人某物

警告某人某事

指控某人某事

怀疑某人某事

使某人确信某事通知某人某事

治疗某人的疾病【核心短语】8.

refer

to

谈及,提到;与……相关,涉及;查阅,参考【填一填➡激活思维】观察句子,写出黑体部分的含义。①He

never

referredto

his

sisters

in

his

letters.(谈到,提到)②When

I

said

some

people

were

stupid

I

wasn’t

referring

toyou.(指的是)③Ifyoudon’tknowtheexact

meaning

of

the

word,

youmayrefer

to

the

dictionary.(查阅,参考)④These

regulations

refer

to

every

foreigner.(适用于)⑤He

referred

to

us

for

information.(向……询问或打听……)【悟一悟➡参透误区】look up

表示“

参考,

查阅”

时,

其宾语多为word,information等。refer

to的宾语多为book,

dictionary,sb.

等。例如:

He

referred

to

the

dictionary

in

order

to

look

up

thenew

word.

为了查这个生词的意思,

他查阅了词典。9.

breakdown

出故障;抛锚;垮掉;拆分【填一填➡激活思维】观察句子,写出黑体部分的含义。①Our

car

broke

down

and

we

had

to

draw

it

to

agarage.(抛锚)②John

broke

down

the

washing

machine

into

pieces.(拆分)③To

our

great

surprise,his

health

has

broken

downcompletely.(衰弱下来,身体垮掉)④She

broke

down

when

she

heard

the

news,but

she

quicklyrecovered.(痛哭)⑤The

peace

talks

between

the

two

countries

broke

down.(

失败)【记一记➡构建知识】break

away

frombreak

inbreak

intobreak

out从……脱离,断绝关系破门而入闯入,潜入,破门而入爆发【猜一猜➡熟词生义】写出黑体部分的含义。The

police

tried

to

break

down

the

prisoners’

opposition.(制服,镇压)10.

make

a

difference有作用(关系、影响)【填一填➡激活思维】①(2013·安徽高考)I

hope

my

behavior

will

make

a

difference

.我希望我的行为会有作用。②The

law

will

make

no

difference

to

my

business.这个法案对我的生意不会有什么影响。【记一记➡构建知识】make

no/little/much

difference

to对……没有/几乎没有/有很大影响make

a

difference

between区别对待

be

of

little/no/much

difference(某物)几乎没有/没有/有很大作用

tell

the

difference

between

A

and

B区分A和B*Make

a

differencebetween

these

sounds.把这些音区别开来。*He

cannot

tell

the

difference

between

the

two.他找不出两者之间的差异。【经典句式】11.

My

job

with

the

UN

is

not

paid

but

voluntary,

and

as

Isaid

before,

I

visit

countries

wherethe

UN

has

programmesto

helppeople.我在联合国的工作不是拿薪水而是自愿的,正如我前面所说的,我访问一些国家,联合国在这些国家内有着帮助人们的计划。【填一填➡激活思维】仿写句子。①

As

we

know

,

“No

pains,

nogains”.我们都知道:不劳无获。②

As

we

all

can

see

,

great

changes

have

taken

place

in

China.正如我们有目共睹的,中国发生了巨大变化。【记一记➡构建知识】as可作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句, 代表整个主句的内容, 所引导的定语从句可放在主句后, 主句前或主句中间。as引导的定语从句主要起连接上下文的作用,

表达说话者的观点、看法,

并指出主句内容的根据或出处,

翻译成“正如,正像”。(3)as常用于一些固定结构中,如as

we

know/as

is

known

to

all(众所周知),as

we

all

can

see(正如我们大家都能看到的那样),as

has

been

said

before/above(正如前文所述),as

might

beexpected(正如预料的那样),as

is

often

the

case(情况常常是这样)等,一般不能用which代替as。*He

shouts

when

he

gets

angry,

as

is

often

thecase.他生气时就大叫,这是常有的情形。*As

might

be

expected,

the

response

to

the

question

was

verymixed.正如所预料的那样,对这个问题的回应是五花八门。【悟一悟➡参透误区】which也可以引导非限制性定语从句,

代表整个主句的内容,

但which引导的定语从句只能放在主句后,

且从句在意义上相当于一个并列句,

可以用and this代替,

翻译成“这一点,这件事”。*He

sold

his

bike,

which

surprised

me.(=He

sold

his

bike,

and

this

surprised

me.)他把自行车卖了,这使我很惊讶。【拓展延伸】as引导限制性定语从句的常用结构as作关系代词既可指人也可指物,引导限制性定语从句,常用于下列结构中:such...as...;so...as...;the

same...as...;

as...as...。例如:*I

never

heard

such

stories

as

hetells.我从未听过他讲的这类故事。*The

place

doesn’t

look

the

same

as

it

was

beforeliberation.这个地方看上去和解放前大不一样了。*Have

you

bought

the

same

book

as

I

referredtoyesterday?你有没有买我昨天提到的那本书啊?*You

can

take

as

many

books

as

you

need.你需要多少书就拿多少。12.

If

only

I

were

aGoodwill

Ambassador!要是我是一个亲善大使多好啊!【填一填➡激活思维】仿写句子。①If

only

I

could

seehim

again!要是我能再看到他多好啊!②If

only

I

knew

his

name!要是我知道他的名字就好了!③

Ifonly

we

had

followed

your

advice!

要是我们采纳了你的意见就好了!【记一记➡构建知识】if

only意为“若是……那该多好啊;真希望……”。表示目前较难实现的愿望时用if

only

sb.+did/

were...。表示与过去事实相反的愿望时用if

only

sb.+had

done

sth.

。【辨一辨➡明晰异同】只有努力工作,你才能获得成功。if

only“但愿……,要是……就好了”,通常用来表示说话人对某事所寄予的某种强烈愿望,常用虚拟语气only

if*Onlyif“只有……(才);只有在……的时候;唯一的条件是……”;only

if本身不是一个固定词组,only是副词,用来修饰整个if从句;若用于句you

workhard

canyousucceed.首,后接从句,主句要部分倒装【要点拾遗】1.

possession

n.[U]拥有,具有,占有,持有[pl.]个人财产,私人物品【填一填➡激活思维】他拥有一栋大房子。(一句多译)①He

is

in

possession

_o_f

alargehouse.②A

large

house

is

_in_

the

possession

_o_f

him.③He

has

possession

_o_f

a

largehouse.【记一记➡构建知识】(1)sb.

be

in

possession

of

sth.

/sth.

be

in

sb.

’s

possession某人拥有某物sth.

be

in

thepossession

of

sb.come

intopossessionhave/get

possession

oftake

possession

of(2)possessbe

possessed

of某物为某人所拥有得到,落入占有,拥有占领,夺取v.拥有拥有,占有*(2013·重庆高考)On

the

day

Joe

graduated,

he

presented

theteacher

with

his

most

precious

possession.乔毕业的那天,他把他最宝贵的东西送给了老师。*Different

workers

possess

different

skills.不同的工人拥有不同的技能。*She

is

possessed

of

health

and

wealth.她拥有健康和财富。【悟一悟➡参透误区】in

possession

of

的主语是人,inthe

possession

of的主语为物。2.think

back

to

回想【填一填➡激活思维】①That

poem

makes

me

think

back

to

my

childhood.那首诗使我回想起我的童年。②I

thought

back

to

the

moment

when

the

stranger

hadcome

into

the

room.我回想起陌生人闯进屋子的那一刻。【记一记➡构建知识】think

aboutthink

backthink

ofthink

over考虑回想,回忆想起,记得,认为仔细考虑一下(指想过了,再想)3.

in

addition除……以外(还),此外in

addition

to除……以外,除……之外(还)(to为介词)【填一填➡激活思维】①(2013·山东高考)In

addition

,I

will

takea

short

trip

toBeijing

to

take

a

summer

course

in

the

New

Oriental