江苏省宿迁市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试卷（含解析）

第第页江苏省宿迁市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试卷（含解析）江苏省宿迁市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试卷

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

YES!TeenInternshipProgram

TheYouthEngagementthroughScience(YES!)internship(实习)isacareerimmersionandsciencecommunicationprogramfortheyouthbetweentheagesof14-19,whoarecurrentlyenrolledinhighschool(grades9-11)intheWashington,D．C．region.TheYES!Programgivesinternspracticalexperiencethroughahands-onscienceinternshipwithSmithsoniansciencestaff.Byparticipatingintheprogram,teenswillalsohaveaccesstobehind-the-scenestoursandfieldtrips,creativestudioworkshopsandcollegepreparatoryclasses.Duringeachweekoftheprogram,internstypicallyspendtwodaysfollowingtheirmentor(导师)andlearningavarietyofskills.

Howtoapply

Toapply,createanaccountontheSmithsonianOnlineAcademicAppointmentSystem(SOLAA).Thenstartanapplicationforthisinternshipprogram.

·RegisterforSOLAA．

·Select“Internship”.

·Select“OfficeofInternships”.

·Select“SmithsonianYES!TeenInternshipProgram”fromthedrop-downmenu.

Programcomponents

Participantsmustchooseatleastoneoutofthethreeprogramcomponents.

·SummerSession:6weeks,MondaythroughFriday,June27—August5,2023.

·SaturdaySessions:8weeks,Saturdaysonly,August13—October1,2023.

·Reach100:Internsaretaskedtoreach100oftheirpeers,October2—November4,2023.

Whocanapply

Anyonewhomeetstherequirementsiseligible(有资格的)toapply.Applicantsmust:

·BeU.S.citizensorU.S.permanentresidents.

·AttendalocalhighschoolintheWashington,D．C．region.

·Beingoodacademicrank.

·Beinterestedinscienceorculturalstudiesasapotentialcareerpath.

ContactInformation

YouthProgramsStaffat:youthnmnh@(linksendse-mail),202-633-4588

1．Whatcanwelearnabouttheprogramfromparagraph1

A．Internscompetewithsciencestaff.

B．Participantsattendcreativeclasses.

C．Participantsarestudentsaged9-11.

D．Internslearnskillsfromthementor.

2．Whichdateissuitableforparticipantsfreeatweekends

A．July15,2023.B．October14,2023.

C．August19,2023.D．November11,2023.

3．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom

A．Awebsite.B．Areport.C．Atextbook.D．Abiography.

Asachild,Iwasaslowlearnerwhenitcametophysicalskills.PerhapsthiswaswhyIgotangrywhenafriendsuggestedthatItrystand-uppaddleboarding(站立式划桨).Myfearwasthatmyabilitytolearnanewphysicalskillhadnotimprovedwiththepassingdecades.

However,stand-uppaddleboardinghadalreadycaughtmyeye.DuringvisitstoMainelakes,Ihadseenmanypeopledelightedlypracticingitunderawarmsun.Itlookedsoeasyandfun,astheonlythingitneededwastheabilitytostandup,right

Inaburstofoptimism,Iboughtapaddleboardand,withmyfriendMike,headedforalakedeepintheMainewoods,outofsightofpotentialcritics.Aftersettingthepaddleboardonthewater,athleticMikegenerouslyofferedtotestitout.Hejumpedonitsuccessfullyonthefirsttry.Thenitwasmyturn.Ibeganbykneeling(跪)upontheshakypaddleboardandafterawhile,slowlyandcarefully,Itriedtostandbutimmediatelyflewintothewater.Itrieditagain,butagainIfailed.

Theactoffallingremindedmethatlearningwasanenergy-consumingeffort.Newphysicalskillsmightbemoredifficulttoacquirelaterinlife,butIbelievedthatadultshadanadvantageoverchildren.Theefforttogetherwiththebuiltinunderstandingthatfallingispartoftheprocess,isaccompaniedbyfaithbornofexperience.Aftercountlessfailures,IfinallystooduprightonthepaddleboardandIhadneverbeensohappyaboutthesimpleactofstandingup.

Now,I’moneofthoseenjoyingthefunofstand-uppaddleboardingunderabrilliantsky.Maybesomeoneontheshorewillpointatmeandremark,“Howdoeshedothat”Ialreadyhavemyresponse.Practicemaynotalwaysmakeperfect,butitcertainlymakespossible.

4．Whatledtheauthortotrystand-uppaddleboarding

A．Interest.B．Pressure.C．Loneliness.D．Patience.

5．Whydidtheauthorheadforaremotelake

A．Mikehadapreferencefortheplace.

B．Hehadabadrelationshipwithcritics.

C．Thelakewasaperfectplaceforpractice.

D．Hehopedtopracticewithoutbeingjudged.

6．Whatlessoncantheauthorlearnfromtheactoffalling

A．Adultsalwayshaveanadvantageoverchildren.

B．Learningisaprocesswithlittleeffortandinput.

C．Physicalskillsarehardtoacquirefortheyoung.

D．Fallingisunavoidableintheprocessoflearning.

7．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor

A．Independentandathletic.B．Competentandinnocent.

C．Optimisticanddetermined.D．Enthusiasticandgenerous.

Eachyear,theworldproducesmorethan300milliontonsofplasticwaste,whichcantakealongtimetobreakdown.Almostathirdoftheworld’splasticwasteispolypropylene,ahardplasticusedtomakebottle:capsandfoodcontainersthattypicallytakehundredsofyearstodegrade.

Now,agroupofscientistsattheUniversityofSydney,inAustraliahavedevelopedasolution:usingfungi(真菌)foundinsoilstodevourlabsamplesofpolypropylene.

Intheexperiment,thescientistsfirstweakenedpiecesofpolypropyleneplasticbyexposingthemtoheat,chemicals,orultraviolet(UV)lightsothefungicandotheirjobquickly.Fungidegradematerialslikeplasticintosimplermoleculesthattheycanthengetridof.Theusuallysmoothplasticbecomefullofmarksasthefungicarryouttheirdirtywork.

Thetwofungi,AspergillusterreusandEngyodontiumalbum,madeamealoftheplasticinthelabexperiments.Astheresearchersreported,between25and27percentofsamplesweredigestedafter90days,andtheplasticwascompletelybrokendownafter140days.

Morethan400microorganismshavesofarbeenfoundtodegradeplasticnaturally,withfungiattractingafairbitofattentionfortheirabilitytodegradeallsortsofman-madematerials.“Recentstudiessuggestsomefungimayevendegradesomeofthe‘foreverchemicals’likePFAS,buttheprocessisslowandnotyetwellunderstood,”explainsmicrobiologistDeeCarteroftheUniversityofSydney.

Currently,theteamistestingwaystospeedupthedegradationprocess,andassessingtheeconomicandenvironmentalfactorsofpotentialcommercialuse.Iftheteamcantransformtheirlaboratorysolutionintoacommercial-scaleplasticwastemanagementsystem,theworldwillfinallyhaveapromisingsolutiontooneofourmostpressingenvironmentalissues.

8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devour”probablymeaninparagraph2

A．Produce.B．Consume.C．Analyse.D．Recycle.

9．Whywasthefirststepnecessaryintheexperiment

A．Toleavemarksonthesample.

B．Toreduceplasticwasteglobally.

C．Tochangetheshapeoftheplastic.

D．Toquickenthedegradationprocess.

10．Whatwilltheteamprobablydointheirfutureresearch

A．Puttingthesolutionintocommercialuse.

B．Establishingasystemforrubbishsorting.

C．Maintainingasteadyspeedintheprocess.

D．Tacklingtheissueofpollutioncompletely.

11．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext

A．Scientistscuttingdownonwaste

B．Asolutionusedonalargescale

C．Plastic-eatingfungidoingthetrick

D．Severeplasticpollutionreduced

Haveyoueverimaginedgettingtotheairportinaflyingtaxi,soaringoverthosewhoarestuckintrafficbelowWhatwouldyoufeelifelectricairtaxiscouldonedaytakeyoufromdowntowntothesuburbs,highaboveexpresswaytraffic,inatinyamountofthetimeittakestodrive

It’snotadreaminthedistantfuture.It’sthevisionofelectricaircraftdeveloperEve,whichisleadingagroupofaviationcompaniesandlocalgovernmentsconductingsimulations(模拟)inChicago.Thoughtheaircraftarelikelyyearsawayfromreceivingofficialapprovaltofly,it’savisionsharedbyothermajorcompanies,likeChicago-basedUnitedAirlines,whichrecentlystruckaconditionalagreementtopurchaseatleast200ofEve’sflyingtaxis.

Theconceptofbypassing(绕开)trafficbyairisn’tnew.ButEveco-CEOAndreSteinsaidtheairtaxisarenothinglikeconventionalelectrichelicoptersorflyingcars.Theyaredesignedtouseeightmotorsdistributedaroundtheaircrafttotakeoffvertically,thenelectricpushersandwingstoglideforward.

Steinhopestheairtaxistohelppassengersreachmeetingsacrosstownorprovidingawaytogethomequicklyintimeforachild’sbirthday.Comparedtoaneverydayoptionlikepublictransport,theycanhelpsavetimewhennecessary.Besides,thenewtechnologyisexpectedtomakeairtaxismoreaffordablethanhelicoptersandtheticketpricecouldbearound$100totravel20miles.Steinalsoboastswhathedescribesasimprovedefficiencyandsustainability.“It’smuchsimpler,muchlowermaintenancethanahelicopter,muchquieter,”hesaid.

Fornow,Evehopestheirworkwillhelpprovideabetterunderstandingofhowtheairtaxiscouldfitintocurrentairtrafficpatternsandhowtheycanconnectwithusersjourneyviagroundtransporttotheheliport.“It’sreallyaboutbringinganotheroptionforurbanairmobility,”Steinsaid.

12．Whydoestheauthorraisetwoquestionsinparagraph1

A．Toexpresshisdoubts.

B．Toarrangeairtransport.

C．TointroduceEve’svision.

D．Topresentcurrentsituation.

13．WhatisthecompanyEvedoinginChicago

A．Cooperatingwithtaxicompanies.

B．Workingatdevelopingflyingtaxis.

C．Carryingoutsimulationsinthelab.

D．Negotiatingwithlocalgovernments.

14．WhatisStein’sattitudetoelectricairtaxis

A．Doubtful.B．Positive.C．Indifferent.D．Conservative.

15．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout

A．Theconceptofurbanairmobility.B．Thebenefitsofairtrafficpatterns.

C．Theprospectofflyingtaxiservice.D．Theevolutionofgroundtransport.

二、七选五

Gapyearsaremostlyassociatedwithcollege-agedkidstakingmonthstotravel,volunteer,orsimplyrelaxbeforepursuinghighereducationorenteringintotheworkplace.16You’renevertoolatetotakethetripofalifetimeandexperiencewhatotherpartsoftheworldhavetooffer.

Anadultgapyearisayearyoutakeofffromworktotraveltheworld,inadulthood.Beforeyousetoff,thereareseveralthingstoconsider.

Figureoutwhyyouwanttotakeagapyear.IsittoexploreRecoverfromburnoutFindyourselfFinallytakeactiononalong-termdreamthat’sbeenputoffforfartoolong17Maybeit’sacombinationofworkandplayoronlyplay.

Inaddition,thinkaboutwhereexactlyyouwanttospendyourgapyear.Areyoulookingforatropicalparadisewithdeepseadivingandvolunteerworkoramountainousadventurefullofhikingandworkingonyoursidehustle18

19Ifyoudonotwanttoworkwhileonyourgapyear,you’llhavetosecuretherightamountofsavings.Savingupmaytakea-while,butworthitifyouwanttoendlesslyexploreforthewholeyearwithoutbeingtieddowntoanysortofwork.20Youcanfindopportunitiestodosomeremoteworkortryin-personworklocally

Regardlessofage,takinganadultgapyearcanbeoneofthemostmemorableexperiencesyouwillhave.Withfullconsideration,anadultgapyearwillpositivelyimpactyourlife.

A．Seizeopportunitiestogettoknowthelocalculture.

B．Howtominimizeyourexpensesshouldalsobeconsidered.

C．Otherimportantconsiderationsareyourbudgetandexpenses.

D．Buteachyearmoreadultsareseekingoutagapyearoftheirown.

E．Anotherpossibilityistoworkpart-timeduringyouradultgapyear.

F．Whicheveryourreasoning,ithelpsyoudecidehowyouwanttospendyourtime.

G．Yourdestinationmattersgreatly,sodoresearchbasedonyourpersonalinterests.

三、完形填空

GaryMcKee,a53-year-oldfromCumbria,England,completedachallengethatmanymightneverdaretotry:365marathonsin365days.

It’snotthefirsttimeMcKeehasaccomplishedsomething21.HeclimbedMountKilimanjaro,cycledthroughBrazil,andalsoran110marathonsin110days.

McKeecouldn’thavecompletedthosewithout22.In1997,hisfatherhadcancer,whichwas23forhisfamily.“Ourworldwasturnedupsidedown,”McKeetoldFoxNewsDigitalofthe24onhisfamily.

Afterlosinghisdadin2023,McKeewantedtodogooddeedsin25ofhim,sohebecameafundraiserforMacmillanCancerSupportandhasbeen26thecharity.

Thenhedecidedhis27challengewasgoingtobe365marathonsoneverydayof2022.His28wastoraise1millionpoundsbytheendofthatyear.

OnJan.1,2022,the29officiallybeganandheranhiscourseeachmorning.Duringhis365marathons,McKeewould30peopletojoinhim.Hiscommunitysupportedhimbyeitherjoininghimor31himfromtheroadsides.Somelocalschoolchildrenwould32alongsidehim,whichgavehimtheopportunitiesto33thebenefitsofexerciseandfundraising.

McKeecelebratedwithhiscommunityafterhehithistargetin34oneyear.

“Icanonlyimaginetheself-disciplineanddeterminationrequiredto35this,”saidClaireRowney,executivedirectorofMCS,“Therearen’tenoughwordstoexpressourheartfeltgratitude.”

21．A．primitiveB．remarkableC．dangerousD．professional

22．A．discoveryB．creativityC．inspirationD．preference

23．A．disastrous.B．accidentalC．meaninglessD．unavoidable

24．A．attemptB．focusC．impactD．emphasis

25．A．defenceB．placeC．controlD．memory

26．A．runningafterB．makingforC．workingwithD．holdingonto

27．A．majorB．originalC．toughD．next

28．A．appealB．goalC．limitD．advice

29．A．challengeB．interviewC．experimentD．investigation

30．A．inviteB．permitC．remindD．order

31．A．guidingB．cheeringC．followingD．declining

32．A．sitB．walkC．slipD．run

33．A．shareB．refuseC．argueD．weigh

34．A．nearlyB．roughlyC．scarcelyD．exactly

35．A．performB．tolerateC．achieveD．clarify

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Inateaplantation(种植园),MaksimRubanexaminedthecollectedfreshtealeavescarefullyaslocalfarmersbegantheirannualtea-pickingseason.

The25-year-oldRussianrunsateabusinessinSt.Petersburg,Russia.Hiscompany,36importsteafromChinaregularly,hasanonlinestoresellngitsproductsacrossRussia.Eversincehewasalittlekid,he37(become)fascinatedwithChineseteaculture.

38(find)suitableteaflavors,theyoungmanshuttlesbetweenRussiaandChinaalmosteveryyear.Lastmonth,hevisitedmultipleChinesecitiesandQimeninHuangshancitywas39must-seespotonhisjourney.Thecountyishometotheworld-famousKeemunblacktea,40(award)thegoldmedalatthe1915PanamaWorld’sFair.Keemunblacktea,DarjeelingblackteafromIndiaandCeylonblackteafromSriLanka,areknown41theworld’stopthreehigh-fragranceblackteavarieties.

InalocalKeemunblackteacompany,Ruban42(have)acloselookatthelocalshowroom,productionworkshop,andteaplantation.Ateacraftsmanalsoshowedthecomplexmanufacturingprocedureswithstrict43(standard).Finally,theRussianmansignedan44(agree)withthecompany,reachingtheirinitialcooperationintention.

45(deep)impressedbyQimen’sbeautifulecologicalenvironmentandhigh-qualitytealeaves,RubanhasdecidedtointroduceKeemunblackteatomoreRussiancustomers.

五、建议信

46．假定你是李华，你的英国好友Olivia参加学校举办的英语演讲比赛，因为紧张而表现不佳，所以很沮丧。请你写一封信给你的朋友，内容包括：

1.表示理解并给予安慰；

2.提出建议并给出理由。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearOlivia,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

LiHua

六、读后续写

47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Myparentsworkedveryhardatensuringthateverythingseemedpleasantandpeacefulforme.IhadaverycalmchildhoodandImostlyignoredthefactthatmyeldersisterwasdifferent.Thechildpsychologisthadtermeditas“AspergerSyndrome”(阿斯伯格综合征).Thisdiagnosisturnedmyparents’worldupsidedown,buttheyneverletitaffectme.

Onlyattheageoften,Istartedtonoticethedifferences,andbecameconsciousofmysociallifeandself-imagethatIhadcarefullycultivated.Mysister,ontheotherhand,wassociallyawkward.Shecouldnotlookatpeopleintheeye.Shewouldmumble(咕哝)toherselfandrepeatthewordsshehadjustsaidunderherbreath.She,however,wasacademicallycapableandhenceweattendedthesameprimaryschool.Despitethis,Inever,everacknowledgedinpublicthatshewasmysister.ItwastheincidentthatchangedhowIviewedmysister.Itwastheincidentthatchangedme.

Beinginprimarysix,abouttograduate,mysisterandherfellowshadtoputupaperformance,whetherinagrouporindividually.Duetoherinabilitytointegrate,mysisterwastheonlyoneleftwithoutagroup.Theschoolhadmadeitcompulsoryforeveryonetoputupanitem,somysisterhadtoperformindividually.”I’llsing,”mysistertoldmyparents,somewhatconfidently.Hearingthat,Iwastakenabackandcompletelyshocked.Howcouldmysister,whowassociallyawkward,singinfrontoftheschoolIknewsoverywellthatifIallowedthistohappen,shewouldembarrassme,onewayoranother.“No!”Iprotested.Myparentsshotmealookandthenturnedtomysister,saying“Goodidea!”ThatwaswhenIknewmysisterwasgoingtoperformanywayandIwasgoingtobepartoftheaudiencewatchingher.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Isatinthehall,waitingforherperformancetostart.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Finally,mysisterstartedtosing.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

试卷第1页，共3页

试卷第1页，共3页

参考答案：

1．D2．C3．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了青少年实习计划这个项目的相关信息。

1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Duringeachweekoftheprogram,internstypicallyspendtwodaysfollowingtheirmentor(导师)andlearningavarietyofskills.(在项目进行的每个星期，实习生通常会花两天时间跟随他们的导师学习各种技能。)”可知，我们从第一段可以了解到实习生从导师那里学习技能。故选D。

2．细节理解题。根据“Programcomponents”部分的“SaturdaySessions:8weeks,Saturdaysonly,August13—October1,2023.(周六课程：8周，仅限周六，2023年8月13日至10月1日。)”可知，2023年8月19日适合在周末有空的参加者。故选C。

3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“YouthProgramsStaffat:youthnmnh@(linksendse-mail),202-633-4588(青年项目工作人员：youthnmnh@(链接结束电子邮件)，202-633-4588”)”可推知，这篇文章有可能出自一个网站。故选A。

4．A5．D6．D7．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过自己学习站立式划桨的过程告诉我们熟不一定能生巧，但一定能使之成为可能。

4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“However,stand-uppaddleboardinghadalreadycaughtmyeye.(然而，站立式划桨已经引起了我的注意。)”和“Itlookedsoeasyandfun,astheonlythingitneededwastheabilitytostandup,right(它看起来既简单又有趣，因为它唯一需要的就是能站起来，对吧？)”可知，兴趣驱使尝试站立式划桨。故选A。

5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Inaburstofoptimism,Iboughtapaddleboardand,withmyfriendMike,headedforalakedeepintheMainewoods,outofsightofpotentialcritics.(在一阵乐观情绪中，我买了一块桨板，和我的朋友迈克一起前往缅因州森林深处的一个湖，远离潜在的批评者。)”可知，前往一个偏僻的湖泊，因为他希望在不被评判的情况下练习。故选D。

6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theactoffallingremindedmethatlearningwasanenergy-consumingeffort.(摔倒的行为提醒我，学习是一项消耗精力的努力。)”和“Aftercountlessfailures,IfinallystooduprightonthepaddleboardandIhadneverbeensohappyaboutthesimpleactofstandingup.(在无数次失败之后，我终于在桨板上站直了，我从来没有为站起来这个简单的动作感到如此高兴过。)”可知，从摔倒这个动作了解到在学习的过程中跌倒是不可避免的。故选D。

7．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Inaburstofoptimism,Iboughtapaddleboard(在一阵乐观情绪中，我买了一块桨板)”可知，是乐观的；根据文章第四段“Aftercountlessfailures,IfinallystooduprightonthepaddleboardandIhadneverbeensohappyaboutthesimpleactofstandingup.(在无数次失败之后，我终于在桨板上站直了，我从来没有为站起来这个简单的动作感到如此高兴过。)”可知，对于学习站立式划桨是下定决心的。故选C。

8．B9．D10．A11．C

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是现在，澳大利亚悉尼大学的一组科学家已经找到了利用土壤中的真菌来吞噬实验室的聚丙烯样品的方法。

8．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Almostathirdoftheworld’splasticwasteispolypropylene,ahardplasticusedtomakebottle:capsandfoodcontainersthattypicallytakehundredsofyearstodegrade.(世界上近三分之一的塑料垃圾是聚丙烯，一种用于制造瓶盖和食品容器的硬塑料，通常需要数百年才能降解。)”可知，聚丙烯很难降解，由划线词后的“labsamplesofpolypropylene(实验室的聚丙烯样品)”可知，此处表示“吞噬实验室的聚丙烯样品”，因此devour的意思是“吞噬”，和consume意思相近，故选B。

9．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Intheexperiment,thescientistsfirstweakenedpiecesofpolypropyleneplasticbyexposingthemtoheat,chemicals,orultraviolet(UV)lightsothefungicandotheirjobquickly.(在实验中，科学家们首先通过将聚丙烯塑料暴露在高温、化学物质或紫外线光下来削弱它们，这样真菌就能迅速完成它们的工作。)”可知，实验的第一步之所以必要是因为这可以加速降解过程。故选D。

10．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Currently,theteamistestingwaystospeedupthedegradationprocess,andassessingtheeconomicandenvironmentalfactorsofpotentialcommercialuse.Iftheteamcantransformtheirlaboratorysolutionintoacommercial-scaleplasticwastemanagementsystem,theworldwillfinallyhaveapromisingsolutiontooneofourmostpressingenvironmentalissues.(目前，该团队正在测试加速降解过程的方法，并评估潜在商业用途的经济和环境因素。如果该团队能够将他们的实验室解决方案转化为商业规模的塑料废物管理系统，那么世界将最终有一个解决我们最紧迫的环境问题的有希望的解决方案。)”可知，这个团队在未来的研究中可能会将这种解决方案投入商业使用。故选A。

11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Now,agroupofscientistsattheUniversityofSydney,inAustraliahavedevelopedasolution:usingfungi(真菌)foundinsoilstodevourlabsamplesofpolypropylene.(现在，澳大利亚悉尼大学的一组科学家已经找到了一种解决方案：利用土壤中的真菌来吞噬实验室的聚丙烯样品。)”可知，本文主要讲的是澳大利亚悉尼大学的一组科学家已经找到了利用土壤中的真菌来吞噬实验室的聚丙烯样品的方法，因此最好的题目是C选项“Plastic-eatingfungidoingthetrick(吃塑料的真菌起作用了)”，故选C。

12．C13．B14．B15．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Eve开发的电动飞行出租车。

12．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Haveyoueverimaginedgettingtotheairportinaflyingtaxi,soaringoverthosewhoarestuckintrafficbelowWhatwouldyoufeelifelectricairtaxiscouldonedaytakeyoufromdowntowntothesuburbs,highaboveexpresswaytraffic,inatinyamountofthetimeittakestodrive(你有没有想象过乘坐一辆会飞的出租车去机场，从那些被堵在下面的人头上飞过？如果有一天电动空中出租车能把你从市中心带到郊区，远离高速公路的交通，你会有什么感觉？)”和文章第二段“It’sthevisionofelectricaircraftdeveloperEve,whichisleadingagroupofaviationcompaniesandlocalgovernmentsconductingsimulations(模拟)inChicago.(这是电动飞机开发商Eve的愿景，该公司正在领导一组航空公司和地方政府在芝加哥进行模拟。)”可知，第一段提出两个问题是为了介绍Eve的愿景。故选C。

13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’sthevisionofelectricaircraftdeveloperEve,whichisleadingagroupofaviationcompaniesandlocalgovernmentsconductingsimulations(模拟)inChicago.(这是电动飞机开发商Eve的愿景，该公司正在领导一组航空公司和地方政府在芝加哥进行模拟。)”和文章第三段“ButEveco-CEOAndreSteinsaidtheairtaxisarenothinglikeconventionalelectrichelicoptersorflyingcars.Theyaredesignedtouseeightmotorsdistributedaroundtheaircrafttotakeoffvertically,thenelectricpushersandwingstoglideforward.(但Eve的联合首席执行官斯坦(reStein)表示，空中出租车与传统的电动直升机或飞行汽车完全不同。它们的设计是使用分布在飞机周围的8个发动机垂直起飞，然后使用电动推进器和机翼向前滑行。)”可知，Eve在芝加哥致力于开发飞行出租车。故选B。

14．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Steinalsoboastswhathedescribesasimprovedefficiencyandsustainability.“It’smuchsimpler,muchlowermaintenancethanahelicopter,muchquieter,”hesaid.(斯坦因还夸耀了他所描述的效率和可持续性的提高。“它比直升机简单得多，维护成本低得多，噪音也小得多，”他说。)”和文章最后一段““It’sreallyaboutbringinganotheroptionforurbanairmobility,”Steinsaid.(“这真的是为城市空中交通带来了另一种选择，”斯坦说。)”可知，Stein对电动飞行出租车的前景持积极的态度。故选B。

15．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Fornow,Evehopestheirworkwillhelpprovideabetterunderstandingofhowtheairtaxiscouldfitintocurrentairtrafficpatternsandhowtheycanconnectwithusersjourneyviagroundtransporttotheheliport.(目前，Eve希望他们的工作将有助于更好地理解空中出租车如何适应当前的空中交通模式，以及它们如何通过地面交通工具连接到直升机场的用户旅程。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了飞行出租车服务的前景。故选C。

16．D17．F18．G19．C20．E

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是间隔年以及间隔年的好处和进行间隔年的建议。

16．根据上文“Gapyearsaremostlyassociatedwithcollege-agedkidstakingmonthstotravel,volunteer,orsimplyrelaxbeforepursuinghighereducationorenteringintotheworkplace.(“间隔年”通常是指大学年龄的孩子在接受高等教育或进入职场之前，花几个月的时间去旅行、做志愿者，或者只是放松一下)”以及后文“You’renevertoolatetotakethetripofalifetimeandexperiencewhatotherpartsoftheworldhavetooffer.(踏上一生难得的旅程，去体验世界其他地方的精彩，永远不会太迟)”可知，后文提到踏上旅程，说明本句与上文构成转折，指出有人寻找自己的间隔年。故D选项“但是每年都有更多的成年人在寻找自己的间隔年”符合语境，故选D。

17．根据上文“Figureoutwhyyouwanttotakeagapyear.IsittoexploreRecoverfromburnoutFindyourselfFinallytakeactiononalong-termdreamthat’sbeenputoffforfartoolong(弄清楚为什么你想要间隔年。是为了探索吗？从倦怠中恢复？发现自己？终于开始为一个被拖得太久的长期梦想采取行动了？)”可知，上文主要列举了间隔年的一些理由，故F选项“无论你的理由是什么，它都能帮助你决定如何度过你的时间”符合语境，故选F。

18．根据上文“Inaddition,thinkaboutwhereexactlyyouwanttospendyourgapyear.Areyoulookingforatropicalparadisewithdeepseadivingandvolunteerworkoramountainousadventurefullofhikingandworkingonyoursidehustle(此外，想想你到底想在哪里度过间隔年。你是在寻找一个有深海潜水和志愿者工作的热带天堂，还是一个充满徒步旅行和副业的山区冒险？)”可知，上文列举了不同的目的地，推测本句主要针对目的地进行说明。故G选项“你的目的地很重要，基于个人兴趣的研究也很重要”符合语境，故选G。

19．根据后文“Ifyoudonotwanttoworkwhileonyourgapyear,you’llhavetosecuretherightamountofsavings.Savingupmaytakea-while,butworthitifyouwanttoendlesslyexploreforthewholeyearwithoutbeingtieddowntoanysortofwork.(如果你不想在间隔年工作，你就必须保证有足够的存款。攒钱可能需要一段时间，但如果你想在不被任何工作束缚的情况下无休止地探索一整年，这是值得的)”可知，本段的主旨是考虑存款和开支来支持间隔年。故C选项“其他重要的考虑因素是你的预算和开支”符合语境，故选C。

20．根据后文“Youcanfindopportunitiestodosomeremoteworkortryin-personworklocally(你可以找到机会做一些远程工作或尝试在当地亲自工作……)”可知，后文提到了在当地亲自工作，推测本句是在建议做兼职。故E选项“另一种可能性是在你成年后的间隔年做兼职”符合语境，故选E。

21．B22．C23．A24．C25．D26．C27．D28．B29．A30．A31．B32．D33．A34．D35．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国人GaryMcKee在365天内完成了365次马拉松挑战的故事。

21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不是McKee第一次完成一些了不起的事情，他曾攀登乞力马扎罗山，骑自行车穿越巴西，还在110天内跑了110场马拉松。A.primitive原始的；B.remarkable引人注目的；C.dangerous危险的；D.professional专业的。根据“HeclimbedMountKilimanjaro,cycledthroughBrazil,andalsoran110marathonsin110days.”可知，这并不是McKee第一次完成引人注目的事情。故选B。

22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有鼓舞，McKee不可能完成这些。A.discovery发现；B.creativity创造力；C.inspiration灵感，鼓舞人心的人（或事）；D.preference偏爱。根据“In1997,hisfatherhadcancer”和下文“Afterlosinghisdadin2023,McKeewantedtodogooddeedsin5ofhim,sohebecameafundraiserforMacmillanCancerSupport”可知，McKee收到了家庭变故