lectureperseusandheracles专题知识培训课件

lectureperseusandheracles专题知识GREECE2lectureperseusandheracles专题知识TasksofGreekmythologyhowworldcameintobeingwhothevariousgodsareandwhatpowerstheycontrolhowthegodsaffecttheworldandmenWhattheloveaffairstheyhaveHerosagademigodMortal

3lectureperseusandheracles专题知识OrpheusPerseusHeraclesI.II.III.Greekheroes

Lecture64lectureperseusandheracles专题知识I.Perseus5lectureperseusandheracles专题知识1.BirthofPerseus

daughterofAcrisius,KingofArgos

oracleonedaykilledbyhisdaughter'sson

Danae

imprisonedherinabronzechamberopentothesky

Fate

Perseus’mother6lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Zeuscametoherintheformofashowerofgold,andimpregnatedherbutZeusDanaePerseus

AcrisiusSo,divineparentage;semi-god7lectureperseusandheracles专题知识shutDanaeandbabyPerseusupinalargechest&castthemouttosea.

TheywashedashoreontheislandofSeriphos,wheretheyweretakeninbyDictys,whoraisedPerseustomanhood.KingPolydectes,brotherofDictys,wantedDanaetomarryhim,butPerseuswastheretoprotecther.TryingtogetridofhimbydemandingGorgonMedusa’sheadbeingabandonedGrowingupchallenging8lectureperseusandheracles专题知识TheGorgonsThreesnake-hairedmonstersscalyskindragon'swingshairformedofdozensofcoilingsnakesMedusaismostwell-knownTheirlookturnsmentostone.2.PerseusandMedusa9lectureperseusandheracles专题知识WhoisMedusa?

10lectureperseusandheracles专题知识ProudofherbeautyBoastedskinwasmorebeautifulthanfreshfallensnow

hairglowedbrighterthanthesun

eyesweregreenerthantheAegeanSea

1stversion11lectureperseusandheracles专题知识“My,thisisabeautifultemple.ItisashameitwaswastedonAthenaforIamsomuchprettierthansheis–perhapssomedaypeoplewillbuildanevengrandertempletomybeauty.

OffendingAthena

1stversion12lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Poseidonandmedusa

beautifulwithmagnificentlonghair

manysuitorsPoseidonsawherinthetempleofAthenaandrapedherthere.

OffendingAthena

outragedathersacredtemplebeingviolated

2ndversion13lectureperseusandheracles专题知识transformedMedusa'sbeautifulhairtoserpentsandmadeherfacesoterribletobeholdthatthemeresightofitwouldturnonlookerstostone.Punishment14lectureperseusandheracles专题知识firstHermesandAthenatoldhimtofindGraeae

PerseusreturningtheeyeoftheGraii&theytoldhimwheretofindmedusa3sisterssharing1eyeand1toothamongthem

KillingofMedusa

15lectureperseusandheracles专题知识a.Hesperides

Withthehelpsofthenb.Athena

c.Hermes

d.Zeus

knapsacktosafelycontainMedusa'shead

Mirror-likeshieldtoreflecttheimageofMedusasowon'tbeturnedtostoneWingedsandalsandaswordHades'helmofdarknesstohide

Adamantinesword16lectureperseusandheracles专题知识hebeheadedherbyviewingherimageinthemirrorofhisshieldThen

17lectureperseusandheracles专题知识TragicDeathofmedusa18lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Medusa’sbornofchildrenFromMedusa’sbleedingneck,awingedhorse,Pegasus,andthegiantChrysaor

sprangout.19lectureperseusandheracles专题知识AwingedhorsePegasusZeusinstructedhimtobringlightningandthunderfromOlympus.GreekheroBellerophoneverridehimtodefeatamonster,theChimera20lectureperseusandheracles专题知识ThenAsPerseusflewNorthwestAfrica

2.coralsoftheRedSeaformedofMedusa'sblood3.thepoisonousvipersoftheSahara1.turnedTitanAtlastostone21lectureperseusandheracles专题知识So,3.marryingAndromeda

Poseidonsentahugewhale-likemonstertodestroythecountryoracle:noreliefwouldbefounduntilkingsacrificedaughterAndromedaAndromedawaschainedtoarockHermother,QueenofEthiopia’soffendenceofseanymphboastedherdaughterandherselfequalinbeautytotheNereids22lectureperseusandheracles专题知识PerseuspulledMedusa'sheadoutofthewallet&theseamonsterturnedtostone&crumbledtopieces.23lectureperseusandheracles专题知识RescuingAndromeda;marryingAndromeda;turningherformersuitorPhineusintostone;24lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Returnmedusa’sheadtoAthenaAthenaplaceditatthecenterofherAegisasasymbolofherpower,andherowncapacitytoturnherenemiesintostone.4.Returninghome25lectureperseusandheracles专题知识IntheendOraclebecametrue

hethrewadiscusinagameithitanoldmanwhowasAcrisius

Upset,HewenttoAsia,wherehissonPersesbecametherulerofthePersians,whoweresaidtobenamedafterhim.5.EndingHewenttoLarissa,whereathleticgameswerebeingheld.

26lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Cepheus仙王座Cassiopeia仙后座Perseus英仙座Andromeda仙女座Pegasus飞马座Constellation27lectureperseusandheracles专题知识II.Heracles28lectureperseusandheracles专题知识birthZeusAlcmenaHeraclesSo,demigod

ZeusmadelovetoherafterdisguisinghimselfasherhusbandAmphitryon.Shegavebirthto2sons,onefatheredbyAmphitryon;onefatheredbyZeus.29lectureperseusandheracles专题知识HeavenlymilkHerculeswasbroughttoHerabyAthenaandnursedbyHera.HerculeswassostrongevenasababythathehurtHera'snipplewhichforcedhertopullhimaway,causingastreamofbreastmilktospill.FromthesemilkdropletsarosetheGalacticor"MilkyWay".

childhood30lectureperseusandheracles专题知识childhoodHeradeclaredawaragainsthimfromhisbirth.Incradle,hestrangled2serpents(sentbyHera)withhisownhands.31lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Heracleswasrepresentedasanenormouslystrongmanofmoderateheight;avoraciouseater.

Hisattributeswerethelionskin,bowandclub.

Hisfightwiththelionbeingdepictedmanyhundredsoftimes.Youth

32lectureperseusandheracles专题知识ChoiceofHerculespleasurevirtueLifeofeaseandenjoymentLifeofhardship,danger,butgloryHechosethelatter33lectureperseusandheracles专题知识1stmarriageHemarriedMegara,princessofThebes,daughterofkingCreonAfitofmadnesscausedbyHerakilledhiswifeandchildrenTopurifyhimself,hehadtoaccomplish12tasksforkingEurystheusofTiryns.Firstmarriageresultedinhisadventure34lectureperseusandheracles专题知识TokilltheNemeanLion杀掉尼米亚猛狮TodestroytheLernaeanHydra杀掉勒尼安的海德拉TocapturetheCeryneianHind捕获阿尔忒弥斯的刻律涅雌鹿TocapturetheErymanthianBoar活捉厄律曼托斯山上的野猪TocleantheAugeanStables清洗奥吉亚斯的牛厩TokilltheStymphalianBirds杀掉斯廷法罗斯湖怪鸟TocapturetheCretanBull制服克里特岛上的公牛TorounduptheMaresofDiomedes制服狄俄墨得斯的食肉马TostealtheGirdleofHippolyte夺取亚马孙女王希波吕忒的腰带ToherdtheCattleofGeryon牵回巨人革律翁的牛群TofetchtheApplesofHesperides摘取赫斯珀里得斯的金苹果TocaptureCerberus活捉哈得斯的三头犬刻耳柏洛斯Heraclesandthe12labors35lectureperseusandheracles专题知识NemeanLionaviciousmonsterthatlivedinNemea.goldenfurwasimpervioustoattack.clawssharperthanmortalswords1.KillingtheNemeanlionTheNemeanliontookwomenashostagestoitslair,luringwarriorstosavethedamselindistress.

Afterenteringthecave,thewarriorwouldseethewoman.Thewomanwouldturnintoalionandkillthewarrior.

36lectureperseusandheracles专题知识ProofagainstallweaponsHeracleswrestledwithitStrangledittodeathUseditspeltasarmorandtheheadashelmetKillingtheNemeanlion37lectureperseusandheracles专题知识ConstellationLeo

ThelionwashonoredbyHeraasconstellation“Leo”38lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Hydraserpent-likechthonicwaterbeast

withreptiliantraits,manyheads,andpoisonousbreath.eachheadcutoff,itgrewtwomore;middleofwhichwasimmortal.

offspringofTyphonandEchidna2.KillingtheHydra

39lectureperseusandheracles专题知识FightingwiththeHydra40lectureperseusandheracles专题知识AssoonasHeraclescutoffonehead,twonewones,largeranduglier,grewinitsplace.

AsfastasHeraclesloppedofftheheads,Iolausburnedthestumpswithatorch,thuspreventingthegrowthoftheduplicateheads.

Headnumbernine—theimmortalone—Heraclesburiedunderahugerock.

WithIolaus’help,hecuttheimmortalhead.

41lectureperseusandheracles专题知识ConstellationHydra长蛇座42lectureperseusandheracles专题知识ahugecrabsentbyHerakeptbitinghim,killedbyHeraclesThecrabwashonoredasconstellation“Cancer”byHeraConstellationCancer43lectureperseusandheracles专题知识HindIthadgoldenantlerslikeastagandhoovesofbronzeorbrasssacredtoArtemisitcouldoutrunanarrowinflight.

3.ThecaptureoftheCerynitianHind44lectureperseusandheracles专题知识ThecaptureoftheCerynitianHindchasedthehindonfootforafullyearthroughmanyplaces.hecapturedthehindwhileitsleptHebeggedthegoddessforforgiveness,buthepromisedtoreturnit.45lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Boaragiantfear-inspiringcreaturesacredtoArtemisdestroyedfarmers’fields4.CaptureofthehugeboarofErymanthus46lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Chironhadtoldhimtodriveitintothicksnow,whichsetsthisLabourinmid-winter.

HavingsuccessfullycaughttheBoar,HeraclesbounditandcarrieditbacktoEurystheus.

47lectureperseusandheracles专题知识kingofElisandfatherofEpicaste.AugeaswasoneoftheArgonauts.greatestnumberofcattleinthecountryandhadneverbeencleaned5.CleaningofthestablesofAugeasreroutingtheriversAlpheusandPeneustowashit.AugeasnotkeepinghispromiseAugeashadpromisedHeraclesonetenthofhiscattle.Heracleskilledhimaftercompletingthetasks.HeraclesgavehiskingdomtoAugeas'son,Phyleus,whohadbeenexiledforsupportingHeraclesagainsthisfather.48lectureperseusandheracles专题知识man-eatingbirdswithbeaksofbronzeandsharpmetallicfeatherstheycouldlaunchattheirvictimstheirdungwashighlytoxicsacredtoAres6.Destructionofaflockofferociousbirdsdestroyingcrops,fruittrees&townspeoplegothelpfromAthenaandHepheastushescaredthebirdsandthenshotthemastheyflewaway49lectureperseusandheracles专题知识7.CaptureoftheCretanbullPoseidonsenttoMinos.Poseidonmadethebullangry.Heraclessnuckupbehindthebullandthenusedhishandstostrangleit.EurystheuswantedtosacrificethebulltoHerawhorefused.ThebullwasreleasedandwanderedintoMarathon,becomingknownastheMarathonianBull.

50lectureperseusandheracles专题知识8.TamingofthehorsesofkingDiomedesofThracefourman-eatinghorses;Magnificent,wild,anduncontrollable;belongedtoDiomedes,kingofThrace;beingverysavage,theywerefedintroughsofbrass,andonaccountoftheirstrength,werefastenedbyironchains;Carnivorousandfedonthelimbsofthestrangersthathadbeencaught.

51lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Heracleskilledthemandtamedthehorsesbyfeedingthemonthefleshoftheirmaster.TamingofthehorsesofkingDiomedesofThrace52lectureperseusandheracles专题知识9.CaptureofthegirdleofamazonsThegirdlewasawaistbeltfromAresthatsignifiedHippolyte’sauthorityasqueenoftheAmazons.shegavehimthegirdlewithoutafight.

53lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Hera,disguisedasanAmazon,spreadrumorsamongtheAmazonsthatHeracleswastryingtokidnaptheirqueen.TheAmazonsattackedhim.HeracleskilledHippolytainarage,assumingthatshehadbetrayedhim.54lectureperseusandheracles专题知识AmazonTheAmazonsareanationofall-femalefeministwarriorsinGreekmythology.NotablequeensoftheAmazons:Penthesilea,whoparticipatedintheTrojanWar,andhersisterHippolyta,whosemagicalgirdle,giventoherbyherfatherAres.Theirnamehasbecomeatermforwomanwarriorsingeneral.alargestrongandaggressivewomanetymology55lectureperseusandheracles专题知识10.CaptureofthecattleofGeryon

Geryon:amonsterwithhumanfaces;oneheadandthreebodieswithatotaloftwoarms.HerculeskilledthegiantEurytion,theherdsmanofGeryon,andfinallyGeryonhimself.56lectureperseusandheracles专题知识11.BringingofthegoldenapplesofHesperidesHesperides:nymphswhotendablissfulgardeninafarwesterncorneroftheworldHeraclestrickedAtlasintoretrievingsomeofthegoldenapplesforhim,byofferingtoholduptheheavensforalittlewhile.Uponhisreturn,Atlasdecidedthathedidnotwanttotaketheheavensback,andinsteadofferedtodelivertheappleshimself.HeraclestrickedhimagainbyagreeingtotakehisplaceonconditionthatAtlasrelievehimtemporarilysothatHeraclescouldmakehiscloakmorecomfortable.Atlasagreed,butHeracleswalkedaway,carryingtheapples.57lectureperseusandheracles专题知识12.CaptureofCerberus

WiththehelpofAthenaandHermes,heenteredtheunderworld.HeraclesmetHadesandaskedhispermissiontobringCerberustothesurface,HadesagreedtoifHeraclescouldoverpowerthebeastwithoutusingweapons.HeraclesoverpoweredCerberus,draggeditoutofHadesandbroughtittoEurystheus.Thekingwassofrightenedofthebeastthathejumpedintoapithos,andaskedHeraclestoreturnittotheunderworldinreturnforreleasinghimfromhislabors.58lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Otheradventures1.releasingTheseus2.Argonautsinsearchofthegoldenfleece3.restoreAlcestistolife4.releasePrometheus5.foughtagainstgiantAntaeus59lectureperseusandheracles专题知识hisdeathDyingcentaurtoldDeianiratotakesomeofhisbloodtokeepitForthepurposeofwinningbackherHusband’slove.ShetrythebloodofNessus,putsomeofitontherobe.Hekilledhimselfinthefire.3rdmarriagewithDeianira61lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Afterdying,hebecameagodandmarriedtoHebe,thegoddessofyouth.62lectureperseusandheracles专题知识CommentonHeraclesHisliferepresentsthehistoryofhuman’sstrugglewiththehostileNaturetoridthelandofdevastatingbeasts(1-lion,2-serpent,6-birds,10-monsters)andtamethemintousefulanimals(3-stag,4-boar,7-bull,8-horses,10-cattle);todevelopandprotectagricultureandhusbandry(irrigation5)toconquernewland(9-Amazons,11-goldapples,12-death)orbetterunderstandingofhumanlifeanddeath(12)imageasadestroyerofmonsters,protectorofsocialandhumanjustice,amanofadventure,strengthandwisdom63lectureperseusandheracles专题知识EffectonwesternfilmsIndividualheroism

backgroundaimheroending64lectureperseusandheracles专题知识III.Oedipus65lectureperseusandheracles专题知识1.BirthofOedipus

sonofLaiusandJocasta,kingandqueenofThebes.oraclehewouldkillhisfatherandmarryhismother

OedipusFate

resultwhonamedhimOedipus,meaning“swollenfoot”

Laiushadhisanklespinnedtogether&madehimexposedonanearbymountain.Hewasrescuedbyashepherd&broughttoPolybus,kingofCorinth.66lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Whenhegrowup,helearnedfromtheoraclethathewouldkillhisfatherandmarryhismother.BelievingPolybuswashisfather,OedipustriedtoavoidtheprophecybyrunningawayfromCorinth.HewanderedinthedirectionofThebesandbychancehemetLaius,whoblockedhisway.HehadaquarrelwithLaiusandinafitofangerkilledhimwithoutknowingthestrangerwashisfather.2.Oraclefulfilled67lectureperseusandheracles专题知识lion'sbody

womanheadwingsofbirdtreacherousserpentheadedtail

guardedtheentrancetotheGreekcityofThebes,askedariddleoftravelerstoallowthempassagemercilessGreekversion:malevolent3.OedipusandSphinx

68lectureperseusandheracles专题知识"Whichcreatureinthemorninggoesonfourlegs,atmid-dayontwo,andintheeveninguponthree,andthemorelegsithas,theweakeritbe?"

RiddlesoftheSphinx"Therearetwosisters:onegivesbirthtotheotherandshe,inturn,givesbirthtothefirst."manDayandnight69lectureperseusandheracles专题知识UnliketheGreeksphinxwhichwasawoman,theEgyptiansphinxistypicallyshownasaman(anandrosphinx).theEgyptiansphinx:benevolent–aguardianflankingtheentrancestotemples

70lectureperseusandheracles专题知识ContinuingfulfilloforacleThepeopleofThebesgratefullyappointedOedipusastheirkingandgavehimtherecentlywidowedQueenJocasta'shandinmarriage.ThemarriageofOedipustoJocastafulfilledtherestoftheprophecy.OedipusandJocastahadfourchildren:twosons,EteoclesandPolynicesandtwodaughters,AntigoneandIsmene.71lectureperseusandheracles专题知识Manyyearsafterthemarriage,aplagueofinfertilitystruckthecityofThebes;cropsnolongergrewonthefieldsandwomendidnotbearchildren.