工业革命(双语版修改)优选课件

WorldHistory

2020/10/181ExpansionofIndustrialRevolution工业革命的扩展IndustrialRevolutioninEngland英国工业革命

EffectofIndustrialRevolution

工业革命的影响Lecture（讲授新课）Leadin(导入新课）2020/10/182Watchpartofthefilm<ModernTime>2020/10/183TheIndustrialRevolution

工业革命2020/10/184Whichcountrywasthebirthplaceoftheindustrialrevolution?Why?England.Becauseshehadtheidealeconomicandpoliticalconditions2020/10/185IndustrialRevolutioninEnglandPrerequisite（前提）Conditions（条件）Process（经过）2020/10/186GloriousRevolution光荣革命2020/10/187<theDeclarationofRight>权利法案2020/10/188IndustrialRevolutioninEnglandPrerequisiteConditionsProcessThesetupofcapitalismsystem资本主义制度的建立2020/10/189Minds

人才2020/10/1810Tradewiththeeast殖民贸易2020/10/1811Slavetrade奴隶贸易2020/10/1812Slavetrade三角奴隶贸易2020/10/1813Money资本2020/10/1814EnclosureActs〈圈地法令〉2020/10/1815Manpower劳动力2020/10/1816Market市场2020/10/1817IndustrialRevolutioninEnglandPrerequisiteConditionsProcessThesetupofcapitalismsystemMindsMoneyManpowerMarket2020/10/1818(1704-1764)Flyingshuttle飞梭2020/10/1819

HandlomweaverusingKaysflyingshuttle织工正在使用凯依的飞梭2020/10/1820JerseyWheel旧式纺车2020/10/1821JamesHargreves’spinningJennyInthe1860’stheindustryrevolutionbeganinthecottonindustry.十九世纪六十年代工业革命首先从棉纺织领域开始哈格里夫斯的珍妮纺纱机2020/10/1822DrawingofArkwright’swaterframe阿克莱特的水力织布机2020/10/1823Crompton’sSpinningMule克隆普顿的骡机2020/10/1824EdmundCarwright’sPoweredloom卡特莱特的水力织布机2020/10/1825Powerwasprovidedbywater动能由水力提供2020/10/1826JamesWatt’ssteamengine瓦特的蒸汽机2020/10/1827CottageIndustryPowerLoomFactory

Inthe1840’s,thefactorysystemtooktheplaceofthecottageIndustrysystem.That’stheendoftheIndustryrevolution19世纪40年代，工厂取代了手工作坊。第一次工业革命结束。2020/10/1828Inthe1840’s,thefactorysystemtooktheplaceofthecottageIndustrysystem.That’stheendoftheIndustryrevolution2020/10/1829Howtotransportthenumerousgoods?如何把堆积如山的商品运输出去？2020/10/1830HorseDrawnCarriage马车2020/10/1831IntheUSA,RobertFultonmadethefirststeamboat美国人富尔顿首先制成了汽船2020/10/1832InEngland,GeorgeStephensonmadethefirstlocomotive英国人史蒂芬孙制成火车机车2020/10/1833

Comparedwiththecarriagethecapabilityoftransportationoftraingreatlyimproved同马车相比火车的运输能力大大提高2020/10/1834

TheindustryrevolutiontookplacemainlyinEngland.Soonshebecameknownasthe“workshopoftheworld”becauseshesuppliedforeigncountrieswithgoodscontinuously.ThentheindustryrevolutionandfactorysystemspreadtotheUnitedStatesandtherestofEurope.第一次工业革命主要发生在英国，她被称为“世界工厂”。接着工业革命推向美国和欧洲的其它地区。2020/10/1835Discussion（讨论）SaysomethingabouttheindustryrevolutioninFrench说一说关于法国工业革命的情况。2020/10/1836Bytheendofthe19thcentury,FrenchhadsetuptheCapitalismSystem.ShehadvastcolonywhichwasonlysecondtoEngland.ButFrench’sindustryrevolutionwasfarbehindEngland.

Howdidthishappen?19世纪末的法国已确立起资本主义制度。在世界上她拥有的殖民地面积仅次于英国。但法国的工业革命远远落后于英国。为什么会这样呢？2020/10/1837AtthattimetheFrenchwasbusywiththeNapoleonicWarsandrevolution.Lackingthemoneythatneeded,Therichmenwerereluctanttoinvestintheindustry.TheyprefertoLendmoneyforhighinterest.Theexistingofpettyagricultureledtothelackingofmanpowerandthesmalldomesticmarket.忙于那破轮战争而无暇顾及缺少资金。法国的高利贷资本发达。小农经济大量存在导致劳动力的缺少和时常的狭小。2020/10/1838Discussion（讨论）SaysomethingaboutTheIndustryRevolutioninAmerica.说一说关于美国工业革命的情况。2020/10/1839EmigrantsfromAsiaEmigrantsfromEuropethePacificOceantheAtlanticOceanEmigrantsfromLatinAmerica2020/10/1840Americahadalmosteverythingneededtostartaneconomicrevolution.Shehadcoalfromhercoalmineswhichcoulddrivethesteamengines.ShehadthevastdomesticmarketEmigrantscamefromallovertheworldcouldworkforthefactories.WarsrarelyhappenedinAmerica.Atthemiddleof19thcentury,theindustryrevolutionfinishedinthenorthpartofAmerica.2020/10/1841EffectsofindustryrevolutionProductivitywasgreatlyimproved.Massproductionbegan.Citiescameintobeing.生产力大大提高城市出现了2020/10/1842Thewholesocietydividedintotwoeconomicgroups:laborandmanagement.整个社会形成了两大直接对立的阶级：劳方和资方。2020/10/1843

Thecapitalistsmadeagreatamountofmoney.资本家大发横财2020/10/1844ThisisArkwright,whenhediedin1792hewasworthover500,000Pounds.这是发明水力织布机的阿克莱特当他在1792年去世的时候他的个人财产已达50万镑。2020/10/1845Atthesametimetheworkerswerelivinginfilth,workingunthinkablehoursandbeingpaidverylittle.与此同时工人的生活条件极差，他们的工作时间长所得工资极少。2020/10/1846Womenworkers女工2020/10/1847Childrenlabor童工2020/10/1848Nationsthatmanufacturelargeamountsofgoodsneedrawmaterials