新教材高中英语Unit3Warandpeace预习新知早知道2学案外研版选择性

Unit3WarandpeaceⅠ.匹配词义a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。()1.disarm A．adj.简单的；粗糙的()2.intellectual B．adj.智力的，脑力的()3.rough C．v.解除武装()4.dire D．adj.著名的，杰出的()5.prominent E．adj.极其严重的[答案]1－5CBAEDb．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。()1.onstandby A．照亮()2.lightup B．待命()3.holddown C．逃避某人的责任()4.atwar D．处于交战状态()5.shirkone'sduty E．控制，固定[答案]1－5BAEDCⅡ.默写单词1．bombv. 轰炸2．emergev. 出现3．representativen. 代表4．sumn. 金额，款项5．relevantadj. 有关的，切题的6．stabilityn. 稳固，稳定7.academicadj. 学术的8．anniversaryn. 周年纪念日9．uniformn. 制服10．frictionn. 冲突，摩擦Ⅰ.语境填空breeze;bomb;glory;academic;friction;intellectual;uniform;anniversary;emerge;sum1．ThestudentswillreturninOctoberforthestartofthenewacademicyear.2．TheEuropeanofficialthinksit'snotagoodideatobombIran.3．TheSocietyiscelebratingitstenthanniversarythisyear.4．Worsestill，dirtycircumstanceswillcreateopportunitiesfornewdiseasestoemerge．5．Highlevelsofleadcoulddamagetheintellectualdevelopmentofchildren.6．Walshamhadhismomentofglorywhenhewona20­kmrace.7．Thestrongwindsofspringhaddroppedtoagentlebreeze．8．Sarasensedthattherehadbeenfrictionbetweenherchildren.9．Dressedinawhiteuniform，helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.10．Ifyoudoit,youwillbefinedthesumof$200.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Herdedication(dedicate)constantlyastonishesme.2．Iftwocompaniesareassociated(associate)，theirbusinesswillgetbetter.3．Philadelphiahasbeenagreatrepresentative(represent)ofAmericanarchitecturesincethe18thcentury.4．InChina，sinceancienttimes，watchingandenjoyingtheglorious(glory)fullmoonontheMid­AutumnFestivalhasbeenofgreatimportance.5．Thissortofactivitydamagesthereputationofthecollective(collect)．6．Emergency(emerge)lineoperatorsmustalwaysstaycalmandmakesurethattheygetalltheinformationtheyneedtosendhelp.1．Throughouthistory，thegreatthinkersoftheworldhaveoftenratherromanticallyreferredtotheiracademicstrugglesasbeinglike“war”．纵观历史，世界上伟大的思想家们常常把他们的学术斗争浪漫地称为“战争”。2．Tosavetheireducationalandintellectualheritage，thethreeuniversitiesjoinedtogetherinKunmingasNationalSouthwestAssociatedUniversity，otherwiseknownasLianda.为了保护教育和知识遗产，这三所大学在昆明联合成立了国立西南联合大学，也被称为联大。3．Theirbedwasthedustyroadandtheirroofwastheopensky，oftenlitupbyexplodingJapanesebombs.他们的床是尘土飞扬的道路；他们的屋顶是空旷的天空，经常被日军的炸弹照亮。4．Theyhadtoliveinroughbuildings，packed40toaroom，likesardines.他们不得不住在简陋的房子里，40个人像沙丁鱼那样挤在一个房间里。5．“Onwindydays，wehadtoholddownthepaperonthedesk，whichwouldotherwisebeblownaway，”hesaid.“在刮风天，我们得按住书桌上的纸，要不纸就会被风吹跑。”他说。名师圈点①referto...as...把……称作……②purelyadv.完全地，纯粹地③symbolicadj.象征性的④immenseadj.巨大的⑤aggressionn.侵略⑥occupyv．占领，占据⑦intellectualadj.智力的，脑力的，知识的⑧heritagen．遗产⑨associatedadj.联合的⑩epicadj.史诗般的⑪conditionn．条件，状况⑫remoteadj.偏远的⑬roughadj.简单的；粗糙的⑭direadj.极其严重的⑮disruptv．扰乱⑯dueto由于⑰guardv．保护⑱fortifyv．激励，加强⑲passionn．激情⑳emergev．出现eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))laythefoundationfor为……奠定基础eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))holddown按压，压住eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))shirkv．逃避eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))senseofcommitment奉献精神eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))agreatmany许多，大量eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))resistv．抵制，抵抗eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))invadern．侵略者；侵略军eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))physicallyadv.实物地，有形地eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))prominentadj.著名的，杰出的eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))perseverancen．毅力，不屈不挠的精神eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))dedicationn．奉献eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))anniversaryn．周年纪念日eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))collectiveadj.集体的；共同的eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))eran．时代，年代原文呈现LIANDA：APLACEOFPASSION,BELIEFANDCOMMITMENTThroughouthistory,thegreatthinkersoftheworldhaveoftenratherromanticallyreferredtotheiracademicstrugglesas①beinglike“war”．However,formostofthem,the“war”hasbeenpurely②symbolic③.Realwarisneverromanticasitbringssufferingandimmense④challenges．[1]In1937,theaggression⑤oftheJapanesearmybroughtdisastertoChina'sthreegreatuniversities:PekingUniversityandTsinghuaUniversitywereoccupied⑥byJapanesetroops,whileNankaiUniversitywascompletelydestroyedbybombing.Tosavetheireducationalandintellectual⑦heritage⑧，thethreeuniversitiesjoinedtogetherinKunmingasNationalSouthwestAssociated⑨University,otherwiseknownasLianda.[1]本句为主从复合句，as引导原因状语从句。Professorsandstudentsalikeinthethreeuniversitiesmadeanepic⑩⑪werelittlebetteroncetheyreachedtheremote⑫andmountainoussouth­westpartofChina.Theyhadtoliveinrough⑬buildings,packed40toaroom,likesardines.Thereweredire⑭shortagesoffood,books,andequipment.Furthermore,classeswerefrequentlydisrupted⑮dueto⑯fierceairattacksandoftenhadtobeheldbefore10amandafter4pm.However,despitetheimmensehardshipsandthedauntingchallenges,itwasrightinthisplace,overaperiodofeightlongyears,thatthenation'sintellectualheritagewasnotonlyguarded⑰butfortified⑱bythepassion⑲andbeliefoftheworthyacademicsofLianda．[2]Itisnowonderthatmany,ifnotmost,ofChina'sleadingscholarsandscientistsemerged⑳atLianda,includingthetwoNobelPrize­winningphysicists,YangZhenningandLiZhengdao.[3]“Liandalaidthefoundationfor㉑everyachievementIhavemade，”Yangrecalled.Hestillrememberslearninginatemporaryclassroomthathadnoglassinthewindows.“Onwindydays,wehadtoholddown㉒thepaperonthedesk,whichwouldotherwisebeblownaway，”hesaid.[2]本句为强调句，notonly...but(also)...连接并列的谓语。[3]本句为主从复合句。that引导主语从句，it作形式主语。Withthecountryatwar,studentsatLiandawerenotgoingtoshirk㉓theirduty.Drivenbyasenseofcommitment㉔,agreatmany㉕joinedthearmytoresist㉖theJapaneseinvaders㉗anddefendthehonourofthenation．[4]Infact,Liandaprovidedthelargestnumberofstudent­soldiersfromanycampusinChina.OfthethousandsofcollegestudentsfromalloverChinawhoservedasinterpreters,onetenthwerefromLianda,includingthewell­knowntranslatorsZhaLiangzhengandXuYuanchong.Zhalaterdepictedthecontributionsofhispeersinapoem：Softly,onthehillsideforgottenbyall，Amistyrainfallsinagentlebreeze；Thereisnotraceofthefootprintsofhistory；Wherebravesoulsoncestood,breathingnewlifeintothetrees.Aproductofthewar,Liandaisnowphysically㉘gone.ButithasbecomethecrowninggloryofChina'smodernuniversities,notonlybecauseofitsprominent㉙professorsandtalentedstudents,butalsobecauseoftheschool'sstrongspiritofperseverance㉚anddedication㉛.In2017,representativesfromPekingUniversity,TsinghuaUniversity,NankaiUniversityandYunnanNormalUniversitygatheredtocommemoratethe80thanniversary㉜ofitsfounding.Morethaneightyyearson,thepricelesscontributionofLiandastillneedstobereaffirmed.Ithasbecomepartofthecollective㉝memoryoftheChinesenation,withitsspiritastheblueprintforalluniversitiesinChinainthemodernera㉞.[4]Drivenbyasenseofcommitment为过去分词短语作状语；toresisttheJapaneseinvadersanddefendthehonourofthenation为动词不定式短语作目的状语。译文参考联大：一个充满热情、信念和奉献的地方纵观历史，世界上伟大的思想家们常常把他们的学术斗争浪漫地称为“战争”。然而，对他们中的大多数人来说，“战争”一词纯粹是象征性的。真正的战争从来不是浪漫的，因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。1937年，日军的侵略给中国三所著名大学带来了灾难：北京大学和清华大学被日本军队占领，南开大学被彻底炸毁。为了保护教育和知识遗产，这三所大