中考英语复习之非谓语动词已编辑可直接打印

中考英语复习之非谓语动

词已编辑可直接打印ThedocumentWaSpreparedonJanuary2,20212017年中考英语复习之非谓语动词一、定义:在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词（它不受人称和数的限制），包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）二、动词不定式（一）.不定式的基本形式:to+V原，不定式的否定形式:notto+V原（二）不定式的句法功能（不定式在句中能作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾补、状语）.不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句末：+be+名词+todosth.takessb.sometimetodosth+be+形容词+of/forSb+todoSth当形容词表示人的品质时，用of不用for.（careleSS,clever,good,fooliSh,honeSt,kind,lazy,nice,right,Silly,Stupid,wiSe,clever）.不定式作宾语常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：wouldlike,want,hope,wiSh,like,decide,plan,learn,pretend,refuSe,.在十皿4,门皿卜后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。IfinditeaSytoreadEngliSheveryday.常见的一些不带to的动词不定式的用法:Whynotdosth=whydon'tyoudoSthhadbetter（not）doSth,wouldratherdoSth,could/wouldyoupleaSe（not）doSth.不定式作表语Herjobistocleanthehall..不定式作宾语补足语want,wish,ask,tell,help,advise,teach,allow,waitfor,invite,wouldlike,enCourage后跟动词不定式作宾补；使役动词和感官动词常用省略to的不定式作宾补，但变为被动语态时，必须加上to.(一感二听三让四看五帮助)feel,hear,listento,let,make,have,lookat,see,watch,notice,help.不定式作定语动词不定式作定语，应放在名词之后；不定式为不及物动词时，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。Hefoundagoodhousetolivein..不定式常与疑问词what,which,when,where,how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。Hedidn’tknowwheretogo.=Hedidn’tknowwhereheshouldgo..只能接不定式动词的口诀:决定想做计划需要同意能做被用来做的事,迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事decidetodosth.决定做某事,want/wouldliketodosth.想做某事,plantodosth.计划做某某事，failtodo未能做某事needtodosth.需要做某事，agreetodosth.同意做某事,affordtodo能做某事,beusedtodo被用来做,can’twaittodo迫不及待地要做某事,makeUpone'smindtodo下决心做某事,usedtodo过去常常做某事asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事，tellsb.todosth.命令某人做某事,wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事invitesb.todoSth邀请某人做某事，expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事，encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事,promisesb.todo答应某人做某事，allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事,helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事三、动名词（一）、动名词的构成:动词原形+-ing（二）、动名词的句法功能（动名词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语）Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.Stampsareusedforsendingletters.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Sheisinthereadingroom.（三）、常见接动名词作宾语的动词:喜欢、考虑不可免，停止、放弃大冒险，介意想象莫推延，要求完成是渴望，建议继续勤练，不禁原谅要坚持，继续注意使成功。（enjoy,consider,avoid,stop,giveup,risk,mind,imagine,putoff,require,finish,lookforwardto,suggest,goon,practice,can’thelp,excuse,insiston,keepon,payattentionto,succeedin）enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事，spend...doingsth.花费…做某事，bebusydoingsth.忙于做…imaginesb.doingsth.想象…做某事,can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事，feellikedoingsth.想要做某事finishdoingsth.完成做某事,practicedoingsth.练习做某事,missdoingsth.错过做某事suggestdoingsth.建议做某事，keep（on）doingsth.保持（继续）做某事,minddoingsth.介意做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事,considerdoingsth.考虑做某事,begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事beinterestedindoingsth.对做某事感兴趣,beusedfordoingsth.被用来做某事thanksb.fordoingsth.谢谢某人做某beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事,putoffdoin推迟做某事，keep/stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事，giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事,withoutdoingsth.没有做某事，thinkaboutdoingsth.考虑做某事,What/Howaboutdoing做某事怎么样lookforwardtodoingsth.盼望做某事Payattentiontodoingsth.注意/关注做某事beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事，preferdoingsthtodoingsth.相比做…，更喜欢做…四、分词（一）分词的构成:现在分词的基本形式由动词+-ing构成，过去分词由动词+-ed构成。（二）分词的句法构成:分词在句中可作定语、状语、表语和补语DoyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetreePleasehandinyourwrittenexercises.Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.Seenfromthehill,ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.Theboyistoofrghtenedtomove.Don’tkeepuswaitingforalongtime.Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.He’llhavehishaircutafterschool.现在分词作宾补现在分词与宾语构成主动关系；过去分词作宾祖去分词与宾语构成被动关系。五、动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别todosth忘记去做某事（事未做）todoSth记住去做某事（事未做）todosth打算，想做某事todosth停下来去做（另一件事）todosth尽力去做某事ontodosth接着做（另外一件事）

的是同一件事）todoSth过去常常做某事forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事（事已做）rememberdoingSth记得做了某事（事已做meandoingsth意味着做了某事StopdoingSth停止做某事trydoingSth试着做某事goondoingSth继续做某事（前后做beuSedtodoingSth习惯做某事needdoingSth需要做某事（主语是todoSth需要去做某事（主语是人,表主动）

物,表被动）六、如何判断使用谓语动词还是非谓语动词当句子缺少谓语时，该动词就要使用谓语动词形式（体现时态和语态）；当句子已有谓语动词且无并列连词时，该动词就用非谓语动词形式。1Mr.Smithtoldhisson thefootballmatchbecauseoftheexam.（2015呼和浩特）towatchnotwatchwatching'twatch,you'dbetterdrinkmorewaterafter forsuchalongtime.（2015广州）runparentsdidn'tallowme totheparty.（2015天津）A.goB.togoC.goesD.went'stoocoldyoumind thewindow Certainlyahead.（2015安顺）closenot yourfriendsforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.（2015安顺）askbeautifulflowers!Ican'tdecide formymom. ForMother'sDay,itcan'tbebettertotakesomeCarnat］。门$（康乃馨）.（2015福州）tochooseB.whichtochoosetochooseyouleave,pleaseturnoffthelightsenergy.（2015泰安）savewastiredout,soIstoppedthecar ashortrest.（2015苏州）A.haveC.tohaveD.hadourcomingvacation,why goingabroadandseeingtheoutsideworld（2015武威）considerconsider'tthinkthinkyoutalkbacktoyourmotherwhenyouwereachild Yes.ButnowIrealizeIwaswrong.Ireallyregret thatsillythingtomymum.（2015襄阳）do'dbette thetestpaperbeforehandingitin.aheadonoffoveraretootired.Let'sstop arest.（2015益阳）havereallydon'tknow thisquestion.Itistoohard.（2015自贡）toanswertoanswertoanswerwilltrymybesttostopmysonfrom thesamemistake.（2015重庆A/C卷）jokewassofunnythatitmadehim againandagain.（2015重庆B卷）laughstopped ,buttherewasnotanysound.listentheheadmasternortheteachers takeavacationnextweek.（2015呼和浩特）goingtogoingtogoingtogoingtowouldyouliketohaveforsupper Eithernoodlesorricedon'tmind.（2015安顺）exceptMikeandLinda therewhenthemeetingbegan.（2015泰安）million alargenumber.Youcanmakeit .small;smaller;small;smallermanywomendoctorsarethereinyourhospital them overtwenty.（2015益阳）numberof;arenumberof;arenumberof;ismanypeoplearethereinyourgroup Four.Threeboys inourgroupthistime.（2015重庆B卷） Sharingyourworrieswithyourparents（2016江苏泰州）’inthedininghall Ofcoursenot.（2016四川宜宾）problems.（2016四川雅安）thesebooksbefore10o’clock Yes,Ican.（2016四川雅安）toomuchjunkfoodbecauseit'sbadfOrmyhealth.（2016山东临沂）Walkingupmountains.（2016浙江杭州）inthecoldtowaitforhiswife'sreturn.（2016重庆）arestLet’sgoforawalk.（2016湖南邵阳）them.（2016浙江衢州）EnglishWellisVeryimportant”.（2016四川内江）hisschoolbag.（2016四川内江） mycar山东青岛）outofthebathroomwon'tbelong.（2016福建福州）totheparknow Goodidea!Let'sgo.（2016广东湛江）CampingWithme I’’mbusymyhomework.（2016山东滨州）;;;;doingisLinlinpracticingspeakingEnglish abroadforfurtherstudy.（2016山东泰安） Don''ΠdowhatIcanyou.（2016浙江）offthelightsafterclass.（2016四川南充）.（2016四川凉山）VeryquicklywhentheydosomethinginterestingN2016四川凉山）myparentsaboutyou Metoo.（2016四川广安）intotheClassroom,theystoppedatonce.（2016湖北黄石）;;;;talkingTony'sgranddaughter,afive-year-oldgirl,askedhimsmoking.（2016上海）alwaysgooutwiththeircameras.（2016上海）Harbin.（2016山东济宁）dancingwithher.（2016江西）outforawalk.（2016湖北黄冈）;;;;going'stheboyinwhiteT-shirUnderthetreeMyfriend.（2016贵州安顺）WaterWhenhecomesback.（2016贵州安顺），WouldyoupleasetheboxIt'sforyoursister.（2016呼和浩特）'sparentsalWaysencourageher outheropinions.（2016辽宁鞍山）London inBeijing.（2016江苏扬州）ateacher.（2016江苏扬州）sothatitcanbereused.（2016江苏无锡）thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.（江苏苏州）downquietly.（山东济南）ChineseDream.（2016湖南株洲）ontheroadbeCauseit'sreallydangerous.（2016广州） That' anynoise,foryouweresleeping.（2016广东）hisoldfriendduringhisStayinTianjin.（2016天津）homeatonce,becauseshelockedtheirdaughterinthehome.（2016陕西）gettothenearestpostoffice---Sorry,Iamnewhere.（2016山东威海）ChineSeTaiji.（2016山东莱芜）WordSandeXpreSSionS.（2016哈尔滨）'sdangerous.（2016广西贺州）’'athometogoingoutforawalk.（2016江苏徐州）Withtheirteenagechildren.（2016江苏淮安）inasmallvillage,butnowhehasbeenusedto inabigcity.;;;IiVing（2016湖南益阳）arest（2016湖南益阳）thewindowIt',notatall.（2016湖南娄底）,too.（2016湖南衡阳）others.（2016湖北十堰）ratherthanvonsUcharainyday.（2016湖北孝感）goout,stayathomestayathome,gooutout,stayathomeathome,goout,whymustIstop computergames Foryourhealth,myboy.（2016湖北孝感）湖北襄阳） SoI'dratheranhour'swalktoworkthanConsideacar.,,,,driving（2016湖北随州） Shetoldus 湖北随州） It,athomethanout.;;;;goWantstohaVehisTV.（2016黑龙江绥化）offthelightsWhenyoUleaVetheroom,please.（2016黑龙江绥化） Ioftenpractice English.（2016黑龙江）thepianoeVeryday.（2016齐齐哈尔）totheriChlandinthesoUthofChina.齐齐哈尔）.（2016齐齐哈尔）.（2016齐齐哈尔）theirsChoolyardthisFridayafternoon.（2016河北）onthefloorwhenIcameintotheclassroom.（2016广东梅州） WeWeretoldapicnicthisweekend.（2016江苏南京）inapeacefulcountryside.（2016甘肃白银） PeopleWastellingajoke.（2016甘肃白银）Whenhismothercamein.（2016甘肃白银）honestisthefirstthingpeopleshouldlearn.（2016甘肃白银）treesonTreePlantingDay.（2016甘肃白银）aholidayyet.（2016甘肃白银）questionsingroups.（2016北京）aCD TryMusicWorldonHuangyuan?Street.浙江义乌）DoyoulikeZhouLibo’stalkshow.（2016山东淄博）byyourgrandmagrowsverywell.（2016广东茂名）theChinesepeople.（2016广东茂名）andhavearest,please.（2016广西贵港）.（2016贵州铜仁）agoodhabit.（2016贵州遵义）outside（2016湖南湘西）湖南湘西）thedoorlt'squitewindyoutside.吉林）motheroftentellsmetheteaCherinclass.（2016辽宁锦州）footballonthestreet.（2016新疆）‘ It'shardformeadecision.（2016贵州）yourteacherforhelpwhenyoucan'tfinish thestorybyyourself.;;;;towrite（2016乌鲁木齐）,IamafraidthatIcan’tgetthroughthehardtimewe’rehavingnow. Myboy,bebraveandtellyourself.（2016海南）’theenvironmentandstopthings.（2016海南）;;;;towastedoweeatvegetableseVeryday,Mum healthy,mydear.（2016黑龙江）piano.（2016黑龙江）inthecountrybecausethereisPonutioninthecity.（2016江苏宿迁）;;;;more'sdangerous acloselookatthetigerinthezoo.（2016江苏宿迁）next. You'dbetterfinishyourhomeworkfirst.（2016青海）thebus,butnowIamusedtoWalking.（2016青海）someeXercisetokeephealthy.（2016成都）七选五（面对面P71）NewYear'sResolutionsXuHui,I3,fromShanghaiIn2016,IreallywishthatIcouldmakefriendswithsomeboysinmyclass.Ihavemanyfriends,buttheyareallgirls.Itwillbequitecoolandinterestingtotalkwithboysandplaygameswiththem.1Iwanttoimprovethem.ZhaoYujie,14,fromJiangsuMybiggestresolutionistovolunteermore.Iwanttohelphomelesschildrenandoldpeople.2 SoI'mwillingtodothisandhopeeveryonearoundmewillbehappy.LiLangjing,14,fromFujianInthenewyear,Iwanttotakemoretripswithmyfriends.Especially,IhopeIcangotoXinjiangandTaiwan.3andmeanwhile,IwilltastedelicioussnacksinTaiwan.MaYue,15,fromBeijingMynewyear'swishistogetatickettoaScorpions（蝎子乐队）concert.TheyareaGermanrockband.Ilovetheirmetalmusic.4Idon'twanttomissit.LiYunxiao,15,fromZhejiangIhopethatmyfamilyandIwillhavegoodhealth.That'sthemostimportantthingIthink.Asit'smylastyearinjuniorhighschool,I'dliketoCherish（珍惜）everymomentwithmyclassmates.5ButIwanttomakesweetmemories.What'smore,Iwanttogrowtaller!willhaveaconcertinFebruary.cantakeatriptherertogether.maybeundergreatpressure.thinkit'simportantforustospreadlaughterandwarmthtoothers.thisway,Iwillgetbetterscoresatschool.,mymathandphysicsscoresarenotverygood.reallywanttoclimbthebeautifulTianshanMountainsinXinjiang.七选五（面对面P76）Inmanybigcitiesintheworld,ma