电子行业专业词汇术语

电子行业专业词汇术语GRRGaugeRepeatabilityReproducibility量测的再现性与再生性FPIFirstPieceInspection首件检查Samplingwithoutreplacement不放回抽样SQA:Source(Supplier)QualityAudit供货商品质审核QC:qualitycontrol质量管理OQC:outputqualitycontrol出货质量管理PQC:processqualitycontrol制程质量管理也称IPQC:inprocessqualitycontrol.AQL:acceptablequalitylevel 允收标准CQA:customerqualityassurance 客户品质保证MA:majordefeat主要缺点MI:minordefeat 次要缺点CR:criticaldefeat 关键缺点SMT:surfacemountingtechnology表面粘贴技术SMD:surfacemountingdevice表面粘贴程序ECN:engineeringchangenotice工程变更通知DCN:designchangenotice设计变更通知PCB:printedcircuitboard印刷电路板PCBA:printedcircuitboardassembly装配印刷电路板BOM:billofmaterial 材料清单BIOS:basicallyinputandoutputsystem基本输入输出系统MIL-STD-105E:美国陆军标准，也称单次抽样计划.ISO:internationalstandardorganization国际标准化组织20.DRAM:内存条空焊21.Polarity:电性22.Icicles:锡尖23.Non-wetting:29.Excessivesolder:锡多30.Solderresidue:锡渣31.Solderball:锡球32.Tombstone:墓碑33.Sideward：侧立34.Componentdamage:零件破损35.Goldfinger:金手指36.SOP:standardoperationprocess标准操作流程37.SIP:standardinspectionprocess标准检验流程38.Thegoodandnotgoodsegregation:良品和不良品区分39.OBW:onboardwriter熠录BIOS40.Simplerandomsampling:简单随机抽样41.Histogram:直方图42.Standarddeviation:标准差CIP:Continuousimprovementprogram持续改善计划USPC:Statisticalprocesscontrol制程统制45.Sub-contractors:分包商46.SQE:Supplierqualityengineering47.Samplingsample:抽样计划48.Loader:治具49.QTS:Qualitytrackingsystem质量追查系统50.Debug:调试51.Spareparts:备用品52.Inventoryreportfor:库存表53.Manpower/Tactestimation工时预算54.Calibration:校验55.S/N:serialnumber序号56.Corrugatedpad:波纹垫57.Takeouttray:内包装盒58.Outerbox:外包装箱59.Vericode:检验码60.Sumofsquare:xx61.Range:全距62.Conductivebag:保护袋63.Preventivemaintenance:预防性维护64.Baseunit:基体65.Fixture:制具66.Probe:探针67.Hostprobe:主探针68.Goldencard:样本xx69.Diagnosticsprogram:诊断程序70.Frame:屏面71.Lint-freegloves:静电手套72.Wristwrap:静电手环73.Targetvalue:目标值74.Relateddepartment:相关部门75.liftedsolder浮焊76.plugholexx77.Wrongdirection极性反80.fluxresiduexx未拭81.wronglabelorupsidedownlabel贴反82.mixedparts机种混装83.poorsoldermask绿漆不良84.oxidize零件氧化85.standoffheight浮高86.ICreverseIC反向87.supervisor课长88.Forman组长89.WI=workinstruction作业指导90.B.P.非擦除状态91.Internalnotification:内部联络单92.QP:Qualitypolicy质量政策93.QT:Qualitytarget品质目标94.Trend:推移图95.Paretxx96.UCL:Uppercontrollimit管制上限97.LCL:Lowercontrollimit管制下限98.CL:Centerline中心线99.R.T.Rolledthroughoutyield直通率100.PPM:Partspermillion不良率101.DPU:Defectsperunit单位不良率102.Resistor:电阻103.Capacitor:电容104.Resistorarray:排阻105.Capacitorarray:排容106.DIODE:二极管107.SOT:三极管108.Crystal:震荡器109.Fuse:保险丝110.Bead:电感inductance111.Connector:联结器112.ADM:AdministrationDepartment行政单位113.CE:ComponentEngineering零件工程114.CSD:CustomerServiceDepartment客户服务部115.ID:IndustrialDesign工业设计116.IE:IndustrialEngineering工业工程117.IR:IndustrialRelationship工业关系ME:MechanicalEngineering机构工程MIS:ManagementInformationSystem信息部120.MM:MaterialManagement资材PCC:ProjectCoordination/Control专案协调控制PD:ProductionDepartment生产部123.PE:ProductEngineering产品工程124.PM:ProductManager产品经理125.PMC:ProductionMaterialControl生产物料管理126.PSC:ProjectSupport&Control产品协调127.MagnesiumAlloy:镁合金MetalShearing:裁剪CEM:ContractElectronicsManufacturing电子制造服务企业:ElectronicsManufacturingServicesERP:EnterpriseResourcePlanning企业资源规划SCM+CRM+ERP+EAI=NetworkdirectTMlinksprocurement,production,Logisticsandsales采购,生产,后勤管理及市场营销的融合EAI:EnterpriseapplicationIntegration企业应用系统整合CRM:CustomerRelationshipPlanning客户服务规划SCM:Supplychainmanagement供应链管理OJT:Onjobtraining在职培训132.AccessTime:光盘搜寻时间B2BEC:BusinesstobusinesselectronicCommerce企业间的电子商务134.CCL:CopperCladLaminate铜箔基板135.Intranet:企业内部通讯网路ISP:InternetServiceProvider网络服务提供者ICP:InternetContentProvider网络内容提供者GSM:GlobalSystemforMobileCommunication泛欧数字式行动电话系统GPS:全球卫星定位系统HomePage:网络首页139.VideoClip:影像文件140.HTML:超文标记语言141.Domainname:网域名称142.IP:网络网域通讯协议地址143.Notebook:笔记型计算机VR:VirtualReality虚拟实境WAP:WirelessApplicationProtocol无线应用软件协议LAN:Localareanetwork局域网络WWWorldWideWeb世域网WAN:WideAreaNetworkxx网络3C:Computer,Communication,Consumerelectronic计算机，通讯，消费性电子三大产品的整合148.InformationSupplierHighway:信息高速公路149.UPS:Uninterruptedpowersystem不断电系统150.Processedmaterial:流程性材料151.Entity/Item:实体152.Qualityloop:质量环153.Qualitylosses:质量损失154.Correctiveaction:纠正措施155.Preventiveaction:预防措施156.PDCAlan/Do/Check/Action计划/实施/检查/处理157.Integratedcircuits(IC):集成电路158.Applicationprogram:应用程序159.Utilities:实用程序160.Auxiliarystorage/Secondstorage:;辅助存储器161.Siliconchip:硅片162Diskettedrive:软驱163.Displayscreen/Monitor:显示器164.Foreground:前面165.Montherboard:母板166.Mermoryboard:内存板167.Slot:插槽168.Busata-bus/address-bus/Controlbus:总线/数据总线/地址总线/控制总线171.Oscillator:振荡器172.Automatictellerterminal:自动终端(出纳)机173.Joystickport:控制端口174.VGA:VideoGraphicsArray显示卡175.Resolution:分辨率176.Register:寄存器177.ISA:IndustryStandardArchitecture工业标准结构178.EISA:ExtendedIndustryArchitecture扩展工业标准结构179.Adapter:适配器180.Peripheral:外部设备181.Faxmodem:调制解调器VESA:VideoElectronicStandardsAssociationSIMM:Singlein-linememorymodule单排座存储器模块(内存条)Casing:外箱Aluminum:铝质187.Ceramic:陶瓷的188.Platter:圆盘片189.Actuator:调节器190.Spindle:轴心191.Actuationarm:存取臂192.Defaultcode:缺省代码193.Auxiliaryport:辅助端口194.Carriagereturn:回车Linefeed:换行197.Videoanalog:视频模拟ASCII:AmericanStandardCodeforInformationInterchangexx信息互换标准代码TTL:Transistor-Transistorlogic晶体管-晶体管逻辑电路Three-prongplug:三芯电插头200.Femaleconnector:连接插座201.Floppydisk:软盘202.Outputlevel:输出电平203.Vertical/Horizontalsynchronization:场/行同步204.H(Horizontal)-Phase:行相位205.Compatible:兼容机206.HardwareExpansionCard:硬件扩充卡207.Buffer:缓冲208.CRM:CustomerrelationshipManagement客户关系管理209.WIP:Workinprocess半成品210.Waiver:特别采用CXO系列一CEO:ChiefExecutiveOffice首席执政官；执行总裁COO:ChiefOperatingOfficeCFO:ChiefFinanceOfficerCBO:ChiefBusinessOfficerCTO:ChiefTechnologyOfficerCIO:ChiefInformationOfficerCGO:ChiefGovernmentOfficerNASDAQ:纳斯达克证券市场NASDAQAutomatedQuotationsystemVC:VentureCapital风险投资PDA:PersonalDateAssistant个人数字助理PLA:PersonalInformationAssistant个人信息助理PPAP:AdvancedProductQualityPlanningandControlPlan 生产性零组件核准程序FMEA:PotentialFailureModeandEffectsAnalysis 失效模式与效应分析MSA:MeasurementSystemsAnalysis量测系统分析QAS:QualitySystemAssessment质量系统评鉴219.Cusum:累计总合图OverallEquipmentEffectiveness设备移动率Benchmarking:竞争标杆Analysisofmotion/Ergonomics动作分析/人体工程学RokaYoke防错xxMCR:machinecapabilityratio机器利用率MistakeProofing防呆法Taguchimethods田口式方法Verticalintegration垂直整合Surveillance定期追踪审查:ElectronicsManufacturingSupply-chainCause&Effectscharts特性要因图Scatter:散布图Fool-ProofSystem防呆系统VE:ValueEngineering价值工程QFD:QualityFunctionDevelopment质量机能展开ArrowChart箭头图法AffiliateChart亲和图法PDPC:ProcessDecisionProgramChartSystemChart系统图法RelationChart关边图法MatrixChart矩阵图法MatrixDataAnalysis矩阵数据分析法Brain-storm脑风暴xxJIT:JustInTime:及时性生产模拟DemingPrize:xx奖Prototype技术试作BPM:BusinessProcessManagement业务流程管MBO目标管理MBP:方针管理FTA:故障树分析QSC服务质量IPPB:Information情况planning策划Programming规划Budget预算EQ:EmotionQuotient:情商IQ:IntelligenceQuotient:智商ImpliedNeeds:隐含要求SpecifiedRequirement:规定要求Advancedqualityplanning先进的质量策划AOQ:AverageOutgoingQuality平均检出质量AOQL:AverageOutgoingQualityLimit平均检出质量界限ApprovedSupplierList经核准认可的供应商名单Attributedate特征Benchmarking基准点Calibration校准Capableprocess工序能力 CapabilityIndex序能力指数Capabilityratio工序能力率CHANGCYCLETIME修改的时间周期Continuousimprovement持续改进Controlplans控制策划Costofquality质量成本Cycletimereduction减少周期时间Designofexperiments实验设计Deviation/Substitution偏差/置换ESD:Electrostaticdischarge静电释放EH&S:Environmental,Health,andSafely环境，健康.安全ESS:EnvironmentalStressScreening环境应力筛选FMEA:FailureModeEffectAnalysis失误模式效应分析FirstArticleapproval产品的首次论证Firstpassyield一次性通过的成品率Firstsampleinspection第一次样品检验FMECA:Failuremodeeffectandcriticallyanalysis失误模式，效应及后果分析Gaugecontrol测量仪器控制GR&R:Gaugerepeatabilityandreproducibility测量仪器重复性和再现性HALT:HighlyAcceleratedLifeTest高加速寿命试验HAST:HighlyAcceleratedStressTest高加速应力试验IN-CONTROLPROCESS受控制工序INDUSTRIALAVERAGE工业平均数JIT(justintime)manufacturing(实时)制程266.Keycharacteristicxx特征Lottraceability批量可追溯性Materialreviewboard原材料审查部门MCR:machinecapabilityratio机械能力率NONCONFORMANCE不符合272.OUT-OF-CONTROLPROCESS失控工序273.PilotApplication试产(试用)274.PPM:Partspermillion百万分之一PreventiveVSdetection预防与探测 Preventivemaintenance预防维护Processcapabilityindex工序能力指277.Processcontrol工序控制278.Processimprovement工序改进279.Processsimplification过程简化QualityClinicProcessChart(QCPC)质量诊断过程图Qualityinformationsystem质量资料体系282.Qualitymanual质量手册283.Qualityplan质量计划284.Qualityplanning质量策划285.Qualitypolicy质量方针286.Qualitysystem质量体系Reliability可靠性RUNChart趋势表SkillMatrix技能表289.Statisticalqualitycontrol(SQC)统计质量控制290.Teamwork团队工作291.Totalqualitymanagement全面质量管理292.Variabledata变量数据293.Variation影响变量294.ValueAnalysis值分析295.VisualFactory形象化工厂296.SurveyInstructions调查指引297.Profile概况298.ImprovementPlan改进计划299.Evaluation评估300.implementation实施301.Compliance符合302.SupplierAuditReport供方审核报告303.SiteAudit现场审核Typicalagenda典型的议事日程Internalandexternalfailurecosts内部和外部的失误成本Failureratepercentage失误百分率 307.Productivity(output/input)生产率(产出/投入)310.Rootcauseanalysisoffailures失误根原分析品管中英文名词对照表Accuracy准确度Active主动Action评价.处理Activity活动Add力口Additionrule加法运算规则AnalysisCovariance协方差分析AnalysisofVariance方差分析AppraisalVariation评价变差Approved承认ASQCxx质量学会Attribute计数值Audit审核Automaticdatabaserecovery数据库错误自动回复Average平均数balance平衡Balancesheet资产负债对照表Binomial二项分配Body机构BrainstormingTechniques脑力风暴xxBusinessSystemsPlanning企业系统规划Cable电缆Capability能力CauseandEffectmatrix因果图.鱼骨图Centerline中心线check检查CheckSheets检查表Chi-squareDistributionxx分布Clutchspring离合器弹簧Coining压印加工Commoncause共同原因Complaint投诉Compoundfactor调合因素Concept新概念Condenser聚光Conformity合格ConnectionxxConsumer’srisk消费者之风险Control控制Controlcharacteristic管制特性Controlchart管制图Controlplan管制计划Correction纠正CorrelationMethods相关分析法Costdown降低成本CPI:continuouseProcessImprovement连续工序改善Creep渐变CrossTabulationTables交*表CS:customerSevice客户中心Cushion缓冲CustomerxxDSA:DefectsAnalysisSystem缺陷分析系统Data数据DataCollection数据收集Dataconcentrator资料集中缓存器DCC:DocumentControlCenter文控中心Decision决策.判定Defectsperunit单位缺点数Description描述Detection难检度Device装置Digital数字Do执行DOE:DesignofExperiments实验设计Element元素Else否则Engineeringrecbnology工程技术Entropy函数Environmental环境Equipment设备Estimatedaccumulativefrequency计算估计累计数EEquipmentVariation设备变异Event事件ExternalFailure外部失效，外部缺陷FA:FailureAnalysis坏品分析Factcontrol事实管理Fatique疲劳FMEA:FailureModeandEffectanalysis失效模式与效果分析FPY合格率FQA:FinalQualityAssurance最终品质保证FQC:FinalQualitycontrol最终品质控制Full-steer完全转向function职能Gaugesystem量测系统Grade等级Gum-roll橡皮滚筒Healthmeter体重计Heatpress冲压粘着Histogram直方图Hi-tech高科技hypergeometric超几何分配hysteresis磁滞现象Improvement改善Inductance电感Information信息Initialreview先期审查Inspection检验InternalFailure内部失效，内部缺陷IPQC:InProcessQualityControl制程品质控制ISInternationalOrganizationforStandardization国际标准组织Lawoflargenumber大数法则Link连接LCL:LowerControllimit管制下限LQC:LineQualityControl生产线品质控制LSL:LowerSizeLimit规格下限Machine机械Manage管理Materials物料Measurement量测Median中位数Missfeed漏送Module,sub-system,sub-unit单位Momentum原动力Montegarlomethod原子核分裂热运动法MSA:MeasurementSystemAnalysis量测系统分析Multiplicationrule乘法运算规则NISTxx:标准技术院Normal常态分布Occurrence发生率On.offsystem开,关系统OperationInstruction作业指导书Organization组织Parameter参数PartoxxParts零件Partspermillion不良率Passive消极的，被动的Plan计划Pulse脉冲Policy方针Population群体Power力量，能源PQA:ProcessQualityAssurance制程品质保证Practice实务Precision精密度preemptive先占式多任务Pressure压缩Prevention预防Probability机率Probabilitydensityfunction机率密度函数Procedure流程Process过程Processcapabilityanalysis制程能力分析图Processcontrolandprocesscapability制程管制与制程能力Producer'srisk生产者之风险Product产品Production生产Program方案Projects项目QA:QualityAssurance品质保证QC:QualityControl品质控制QE:QualityEngineering品质工程QFD:QualityFunctionDesgin品质机能展开Quality质量Qualitymanual品质手册Qualitypolicy品质政策Randomexperiment随机试验Randomnumbers随机数Range全距Record记录Reflow回流Reject拒收Repair返修Repeatusility再现性Reproducibility再生性Requirement要求Residual误差Response响应Responsibilities职责Review评审Reword返工Robustness稳健性Rolledyield直通率RPN:RiskPriorityNumber风险系数sample抽样，样本Samplespace样本空间Samplingwithreplacement放回抽样Samplingwithoutpeplacement不放回抽样Scatterdiagram散布图分析Scrap报废Screw螺旋Severity严重度Shot-peening微粒冲击平面法Simplerandomsampling简单随机取样Size规格SL:SizeLine规格中心线Slip滑动Stratifiedrandomsampling分层随机抽样SOP:StandardOperationProcedure标准作业书SPC:StatisticalProcessControl统计制程管制Specialcause特殊原因Specification规范SQA:Source(Supplier)QualityAssurance供货商品质保证Stagesampling分段随机抽样StandardDeviation标准差Sumofsquares统计表supplierxxSystem供方systematicsampling系统，体系Statisticaltables系统抽样Theory原理Timestamp时间戳印Time-lag延迟Title题Torque转矩Total求和TQC:TotalQualityControl全面品质控制TQM:TotalQualityManagement全面品质管理Traceablity追溯Training培训Transactionprocessingandlogging交易处理Trouble困扰Upanddown上和下UCL:UpperControlLimit管制上限USL:UpperSizeLimit规格上限Validation确认Variable计量值Variance变异和Vector向量Verification验证Version版本VOC:voiceofCustomer客户需求VOE:VoiceofEngineer工程需［转帖］电子行业相关的英语词汇-1backplane背板2Bandgapvoltagereference带隙电压参考3benchtopsupply工作台电源4BlockDiagram方块图5BodePlotxx图6Bootstrap自举7BottomFETBottomFET8bucketcapcitor桶形电容9chassis机架10Combi-senseCombi-sense11constantcurrentsource恒流源12CoreSataration铁芯饱和13crossoverfrequency交叉频率14currentripple纹波电流15CyclebyCycle逐周期16cycleskipping周期跳步17DeadTime死区时间18DIETemperature核心温度19Disable非使能，无效，禁用，关断20dominantpole主极点21Enable使能，有效，启用22ESDRatingESD额定值EvaluationBoard评估板Exceedingthespecificationsbelowmayresultinpermanentdamagetothedevice,ordevicemalfunction,OperationoutsideoftheparametersspecifiedintheElectricalCharacteristicssectionisnotimplied.超过下面的规格使用可能引起永久的设备损害或设备故障。建议不要工作在电特性表规定的参数范围以外。Faillingedge下降沿26figureofmerit品质因数27floatchargevoltage浮充电压28flybackpowerstage反驰式功率级29forwardvoltagedrop前向压降30free-running自由运行31Freewheeldiode续流二极管32Fullload满负载33gatedrive栅极驱动34gatedrivestage栅极驱动级35gerberplotGerber图36groundplane接地层37Henry电感单位：亨利38HumanBodyModel人体模式39Hysteresis滞回40inrushcurrent涌入电流41Inverting反相42jittery抖动43Junction结点44Kelvinconnection开尔文连接45LeadFrame引脚框架46LeadFree无铅47level-shift电平移动48Lineregulation电源调整率49loadregulation负载调整率50LotNumber批号51LowDropout低压差52Miller密勒53node节点54Non-Inverting非反相55novel新颖的56offstate关断状态57Operatingsupplyvoltage电源工作电压58outdrivestage输出驱动级59OutofPhase异相60PartNumber产品型号61passtransistorpasstransistor62P-channelMOSFETP沟道MOSFET63Phasemargin相位裕度64PhaseNode开关节点65portableelectronics便携式电子设备66powerdown掉电67PowerGood电源正常68PowerGroud功率地69PowerSaveMode节电模式70Powerup上电71pulldownxx72pullupxx73PulsebyPulse逐脉冲(PulsebyPulse)74pushpullconverter推挽转换器75rampdown斜降76rampup斜升77redundantdiode冗余二极管78resistivedivider电阻分压器79ringing振xx80ripplecurrent纹波电流81risingedge上升沿82senseresistor检测电阻83SequencedPowerSupplys序列电源84shoot-through直通，同时导通85strayinductances.杂散电感86sub-circuit子电路89ThermalInformation热性能信息90thermalslug散热片91Threshold阈值92timingresistor振荡电阻93TopFETTopFET94Trace线路，走线，引线95Transferfunction传递函数96TripPoint跳变点turnsratio匝数比，=Np/Ns。（初级匝数/次级匝数）UnderVoltageLockOut（UVLO）欠压锁定99VoltageReference电压参考102beatfrequency拍频103oneshots单击电路104scaling缩放105ESR等效xx电阻106Ground地电位107trimmedbandgap平衡带隙108dropoutvoltage压差109largebulkcapacitance大容量电容110circuitbreaker断路器111chargepump电荷泵112overshoot过冲1）元件设备三绕组变压器：three-columntransformerThrClnTrans双绕组变压器：double-columntransformerDblClmnTrans电容器：Capacitorxx电容器：shuntcapacitor电抗器：Reactor母线：Busbar输电线：TransmissionLine发电厂：powerplant断路器：Breaker刀闸(隔离开关)：Isolator分接头：tap电动机：motor(2)状态参数有功：activepower无功：reactivepower电流：current容量：capacity电压：voltage档位：tapposition有功损耗：reactiveloss无功损耗：activeloss功率因数：power-factor功率：power功角：power-angle电压等级：voltagegrade空载损耗：no-loadloss铁损：ironloss铜损：copperloss空载电流：no-loadcurrent阻抗：impedance正序阻抗：positivesequenceimpedance负序阻抗：negativesequenceimpedance零序阻抗：zerosequenceimpedance电阻：resistor电抗：reactance电导：conductance电纳：susceptance无功负载：reactiveload或者QLoad 有功负载：activeloadPLoad遥测：YC(telemetering)遥信：YX励磁电流(转子电流)：magnetizingcurrent定子：stator功角：power-angle上限:upperlimit下限：lowerlimit并列的：apposable高压：highvoltage低压：lowvoltage中压：middlevoltage电力系统powersystem发电机generator励磁excitation励磁器excitor电压voltage电流current母线bus变压器transformer升压变压器step-uptransformer高压侧highside输电系统powertransmissionsystem稳定stability电压稳定voltagestability功角稳定anglestability暂态稳定transientstability电厂powerplant能量输送powertransfer交流AC装机容量installedcapacity电网powersystem落点droppoint开关站switchstation双回同杆并架double-circuitlinesonthesametower变电站transformersubstation调节regulation裕度magin三相故障threephasefault故障切除时间faultclearingtime极限切除时间criticalclearingtime切机generatortriping高顶值highlimitedvalue强行励磁reinforcedexcitation静态static(state)动态dynamic(state)单机无穷大系统onemachine-infinitybussystem机端电压控制AVR电抗reactance电阻resistance功角powerangle有功(功率)activepower无功(功率)reactivepower功率因数powerfactor无功电流reactivecurrent下降特性droopcharacteristics斜率slope额定rating变比ratio参考值referencevalue电压互感器PT分接头tap下降率drooprate仿真分析simulationanalysis传递函数transferfunction框图blockdiagram受端receive-side裕度margin同步synchronization失去同步lossofsynchronization阻尼damping摇摆swing保护断路器circuitbreaker电阻：resistance电抗：reactance阻抗：impedance电导：conductance电纳：susceptance导纳：admittance电感：inductance电容:capacitancecoupling耦合intermittent周期的dislocation错位propeller螺旋桨switchgear配电装置dispersion差量flange法兰盘 dielectric介电的binder胶合剂alignment定位elastomer合成橡胶corollary必然的结果rabbet插槽ventxxsubtle敏感的gearbox变速箱plate电镀crucial决定性的flexible柔性的technics工艺ultimate最终的resilience弹性vendor自动售货机partition分类cushion减震器rib肋strength强度packing包装metallized金属化stress应力mitigate减轻tradeoff折衷方案yield屈伸lineshaft中间轴matrix母体inherent固有的spindle主轴aperturexxconformance适应性axle心轴turbulence扰动specification规范semipermanent半xx的enclosure机壳specialization规范化bolt螺栓oscillation振幅calling职业nut螺母anneal退火vitalize激发screw螺丝polymer聚合体revelation揭示fastner紧固件bind凝固dissemination分发rivit铆钉mount支架booster推进器hub轴套distortion变形contractualxx的coaxial同心的module模块verdict裁决crank曲柄slide滑块malfunction故障inertia惰性medium介质allegedly假定active活性的dissipation损耗controversy辩论lubrication润滑assembly总装dictate支配raphite石墨encapsulate封装incumbent义不容辞的derivative派生物adhesive粘合剂validation使生效contaminate沾染turbine涡轮procurement收购asperity粗糙bearing支撑架mortality失败率metalworking金属加工isostatic均衡的shedlighton阐明viscous粘稠的osculate接触adversely有害的grinding研磨imperative强制的consistency连续性corrosin侵蚀lattice晶格fitness适应性flush冲洗fracture断裂warrant保证inhibitor防腐剂diffusivity扩散率turning车工dispersant分散剂viceversa反之亦然ways导轨deteriorate降低tribological摩擦的hybrid混合物neutralize平衡screen屏蔽ID=insidediameterpulley滑轮exclusion隔绝OD=outsidediameterhydraulic液压的insulati